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    Iiiumination3 Mercury Sodium Lamp

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    Pushpendra Singh
    This document discusses different types of electrical lamps used for illumination, including incandescent, halogen, fluorescent, sodium vapor, and mercury vapor lamps. It provides details on the construction and working principles of sodium vapor and mercury vapor lamps. Sodium vapor lamps produce light through ionizing sodium gas and emitting photons in the yellow-red spectrum. Mercury vapor lamps contain a quartz arc tube with mercury vapor and argon gas, and produce light through a discharge between tungsten electrodes that ionizes the gases. The document also briefly discusses the stroboscopic effect caused by flickering lamps and methods to reduce it.

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    Iiiumination3 Mercury Sodium Lamp

    Uploaded by

    Pushpendra Singh
    27 views8 pages
    This document discusses different types of electrical lamps used for illumination, including incandescent, halogen, fluorescent, sodium vapor, and mercury vapor lamps. It provides details on the construction and working principles of sodium vapor and mercury vapor lamps. Sodium vapor lamps produce light through ionizing sodium gas and emitting photons in the yellow-red spectrum. Mercury vapor lamps contain a quartz arc tube with mercury vapor and argon gas, and produce light through a discharge between tungsten electrodes that ionizes the gases. The document also briefly discusses the stroboscopic effect caused by flickering lamps and methods to reduce it.

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    Working of Sodium Lamp

    Original Title

    Iiiumination3_mercury_sodium_lamp

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    This document discusses different types of electrical lamps used for illumination, including incandescent, halogen, fluorescent, sodium vapor, and mercury vapor lamps. It provides details on the construction and working principles of sodium vapor and mercury vapor lamps. Sodium vapor lamps produce light through ionizing sodium gas and emitting photons in the yellow-red spectrum. Mercury vapor lamps contain a quartz arc tube with mercury vapor and argon gas, and produce light through a discharge between tungsten electrodes that ionizes the gases. The document also briefly discusses the stroboscopic effect caused by flickering lamps and methods to reduce it.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    27 views8 pages

    Iiiumination3 Mercury Sodium Lamp

    Uploaded by

    Pushpendra Singh
    This document discusses different types of electrical lamps used for illumination, including incandescent, halogen, fluorescent, sodium vapor, and mercury vapor lamps. It provides details on the construction and working principles of sodium vapor and mercury vapor lamps. Sodium vapor lamps produce light through ionizing sodium gas and emitting photons in the yellow-red spectrum. Mercury vapor lamps contain a quartz arc tube with mercury vapor and argon gas, and produce light through a discharge between tungsten electrodes that ionizes the gases. The document also briefly discusses the stroboscopic effect caused by flickering lamps and methods to reduce it.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    Illumation

    Pushpendra Singh
    Asst. Professor ,EE
    Mahila Engg. College, Ajmer
    Content
    • 1.Electrical lamps
    • 2.Incandescent lamps
    • Halogen lamp
    • Electric discharge lamp
    • Sodium vapour lamp
    • Mercury vapour lamp
    • Fluorescent lamp
    • Light Calculation
    Sodium Vapour lamp
    • Sodium vapour lights are a type of gas-discharge lamp. They generate light
    by sending an electrical charge through a gas to produce a plasma.
    (ionised gas). The gas in this case is sodium vapour, but several other gases
    may be such as mercury, neon, argon and xenon.
    • The principle of gas-discharge involves interactions of electrons supplied
    by the applied voltage with the atoms of gas.   If an electron collides with
    one of the outer electrons of the atom, that electron may be removed.  An
    electron is removed if the collision energy is greater than the ionisation
    energy.
    • With the electron  gone, the resultant gas ion is unstable, and another
    electron will move in to fill up the vacancy. Usually the gap-filling electron
    comes from the adjacent energy level, or the next one.
    • When this electron falls down to fill the vacancy, energy is sent out in the
    form of a photon of light.  The wavelengths (colour) of this light are
    characteristic of the atomic element in question.  Low pressure sodium gas
    produces mostly light in the yellow-red part of the spectrum. However if
    the sodium gas pressure is increase in the lamp shorter wavelengths of
    light are emitted, producing a whiter light.
    Construction
    Mercury vapour lamp
    • The Mercury lamp was the first kind of metal vapour
    light source that was mass produced for general lighting
    applications, and still today it remains one of the most
    popular discharge lamps produced globally.
    • At the heart of the lamp is an arc tube which is fabricated from
    quartz, with a tungsten electrode disposed at either end. The tube
    contains a few milligrams of mercury and around 25-50 torr of pure
    argon as a buffer gas to carry the discharge while the lamp warms
    up, producing heat to vaporise the mercury and bring it into the
    discharge.
    • An auxiliary starting electrode is placed next to one of the main
    electrodes to facilitate lamp ignition. When the lamp is first
    energised the full open circuit voltage is applied across the arc tube.
    The distance between the electrodes is so large that the resulting
    voltage gradient is not high enough to cause ionisation of the gas
    filling. However the same voltage is also applied between one
    electrode and the auxiliary via a small resistor. The gap between
    these electrodes is much smaller, and the voltage gradient is
    sufficiently high that ionisation will occur. A small discharge strikes,
    the series resistor of 10-30kW limiting the current flow to about one
    thousandth of the normal lamp current.
    Disadvantages of Stroboscopic effect
    • The moving object reflects stationary and vice versa.
    • If a rotating machine whose rotating frequency is a
    multiple of flickering frequency than the speed of machine
    seems to be decreasing.
    Method of reducing Stroboscopic effect
    • By using TWIN LAMP circuit on a 1 phase supply.
    • By deploying 3 lamps of three different phase.
    • By operating lamp from a higher frequency supply.
    (Stroboscopic effect disappears in DC )

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