1.1 Overview Programming

Programming Concepts and Overview
CITE002- Programming 1
By: Eduardo S. Rodrigo

Intended Learning Outcomes (ILO)
INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to :
1) define what program is;

2) differentiate some program terminologies;
3) realize how programming is applied in real-world;
4) create business-transactional C++ program;
TOPICS
1) What is a Program ?
2) Some Program Terminologies.
3) Short History of C++.
4) C++ Data types, Variables, Identifiers and Constants
What is a Computer Program ?
A Computer Program is a sequence of statements

whose objectives is to accomplish a task.
Programming is a process of planning and creating a

program.
Program vs. Software

Programming Terminologies
1) Text Editor
• A text editor is a type of computer program

that edits plain text. Such programs are
sometimes known as "notepad" software,
following the naming of Microsoft Notepad.
2) Compiler
• A Compiler is a program translator.
• It is primarily used for programs that

translate source code from a high-level
programming language to a lower level
language to create an executable
program.
The Compiler
3) I.D.E
• An Integrated Development Environment
(IDE) is a software application that provides
comprehensive facilities to computer
programmers for software development. An
IDE normally consists of at least a source
code editor, build automation tools and a
debugger or compiler.
Short History of C++
• C++ was designed as an improvement of C programming, which was

developed by Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs.
• C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup.
• In1979, Bjarne Stroustrup was doing work for his Ph.D. thesis.
Dennis Ritchie Bjarne Stroustrup

Short History of C++
• Stroustrup began with the idea that object-oriented programming would be

an important addition to C, and created C with Classes.
• In 1983, the name of the language was changed from C with Classes to C++.
• In 1985, Stroustrup's reference to the language entitled The C++

Programming Language was published.
• In 1990, The Annotated C++ Reference Manual was released. The same

year, Borland's Turbo C++ compiler would be released as a commercial
product.
Sample C++ Program
#include <iostream> Library/Header Files
using namespace std; Parameter in naming.
main() Main Function
{ Opening/Start
cout << “My Name is Bjarne"; Console Out
} Closing/End
Program Demonstration
C++ Data types, Variables, Identifiers and Constants
1) Data Type – type of data.
2) Variable – container.
3) Identifier – unique name or identification.
4) Constant – fixed value.

Example of C++ Data types, Variables, Identifiers and Constants
Cheey Yum : 52.00

Sundae : 35.00
Amount : 87.00
Vat Amount : 9.32
Jenelyn Bolda
2019/02/09
3:21 PM
Image Source : https://travelorientedlife.wordpress.com/2020/05/06/philippines-the-journey-begin-in-philippines-from-jollibee/

C++ Primitive Data Types
Type Keyword
Boolean bool
Character char
Integer int
Floating point float
Double floating point double
Valueless void
Wide character wchar_t
The following table shows the variable type, how much memory it takes to
store the value in memory.
Type Typical Bit Width Typical Range
char 1byte -127 to 127 or 0 to 255
unsigned char 1byte 0 to 255

signed char 1byte -127 to 127
int 4bytes -2147483648 to 2147483647
unsigned int 4bytes 0 to 4294967295
signed int 4bytes -2147483648 to 2147483647
short int 2bytes -32768 to 32767
unsigned short int 2bytes 0 to 65,535
signed short int 2bytes -32768 to 32767

The following table shows the variable type, how much memory it takes to
store the value in memory.
Type Typical Bit Width Typical Range
long int 8bytes -2,147,483,648 to

2,147,483,647
signed long int 8bytes same as long int
unsigned long int 8bytes 0 to 4,294,967,295

long long int 8bytes -(2^63) to (2^63)-1
unsigned long long int 8bytes 0 to
18,446,744,073,709,551,615
float 4bytes
double 8bytes
long double 12bytes
wchar_t 2 or 4 bytes 1 wide character
Sample Declaration of Data Type and Variables
Integer : Long :
int age = 13; long b = 4523232;

long int c = 2345342;
Float and Double : long double d = 233434.56343;
float area = 64.74;

double volume = 134.64534;
Char : Invalid Declaration :

short d = 3434233; // Error! out of range
char test = 'h'; unsigned int a = -5; // Error! can only store
positive numbers or 0
Boolean :
bool answer = false;

References
1) https://www.w3schools.com/cpp/cpp_operators_comparison.asp
2) 2) https://www.tutorialspoint.com/cplusplus/cpp_operators.htm
3) http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/operators/
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without prior consent of TIP.
Copyright © 2020 by Technological Institute of the Philippines. All rights reserved.

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Programming Concepts and Overview

By: Eduardo S. Rodrigo

At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to :

1) define what program is;

A Computer Program is a sequence of statements

Programming is a process of planning and creating a

Program vs. Software

• A text editor is a type of computer program

• A Compiler is a program translator.

• It is primarily used for programs that

• C++ was designed as an improvement of C programming, which was

• C++ was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup.

• In1979, Bjarne Stroustrup was doing work for his Ph.D. thesis.

Dennis Ritchie Bjarne Stroustrup

• Stroustrup began with the idea that object-oriented programming would be

• In 1985, Stroustrup's reference to the language entitled The C++

• In 1990, The Annotated C++ Reference Manual was released. The same

#include <iostream> Library/Header Files

using namespace std; Parameter in naming.

main() Main Function

cout << “My Name is Bjarne"; Console Out

1) Data Type – type of data.

3) Identifier – unique name or identification.

4) Constant – fixed value.

Cheey Yum : 52.00

Image Source : https://travelorientedlife.wordpress.com/2020/05/06/philippines-the-journey-begin-in-philippines-from-jollibee/

Type Typical Bit Width Typical Range

char 1byte -127 to 127 or 0 to 255

unsigned char 1byte 0 to 255

signed int 4bytes -2147483648 to 2147483647

short int 2bytes -32768 to 32767

unsigned short int 2bytes 0 to 65,535

signed short int 2bytes -32768 to 32767

Type Typical Bit Width Typical Range

long int 8bytes -2,147,483,648 to

unsigned long int 8bytes 0 to 4,294,967,295

int age = 13; long b = 4523232;

float area = 64.74;

Char : Invalid Declaration :

bool answer = false;

Copyright © 2020 by Technological Institute of the Philippines. All rights reserved.

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