Lesson 2

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Group Reporting

The
Research
Plan
A Research Plan
• a document that includes preliminary and basic information
about the research work that you would like to do.
• contain details about the topic that you intend to do, its
importance or significance, the steps that you have already
done, and the next actions that you are going to do in order to
meet your targets or until you have answered your research
questions.
• not a research proposal yet but more likely a concept paper.
Research Plan
I. Basic Information
This part of the research plan contains your basic information.
For a
Senior High School Learner like you, it would be beneficial to
include the following information:
A. Complete Name
B. Learner Reference Number (LRN)
C. School and Address
D. Track and Strand
E. Complete Home Address
II. Background
Short presentation of basic concepts and information
about the research topic shall be presented in this
section. Include few relevant readings and literature
which serve as major background of your paper. Cite
also your motivation for the topic and the reasons and
importance of your study.
III. Objectives and Methods
Cite in this section the long term and short term
objectives or targets of your research work.
Indicate also whether you are using quantitative,
qualitative or mixed method of research.
IV. Working Framework
Through an illustrative illustrations or diagrams, show the
variables or concepts that are involved in your paper.
Show the connections and relationship and role of these
important constructs in achieving the results of the study.
The Input-Process-Output Model is commonly used.
However, feel free to execute your creativity and ideas in
crafting the framework for your paper.
V. Assumptions
This part contains the expected outcome of the
study. What results do you anticipate? It is better
that you construct positive results regarding the
research that you plan to undertake. This can be in
numbered form, bulleted, or in a paragraph or two
VI. Timetable
You may have heard about Gantt Chart of activities. This
section contains the same concept but in simplified and detailed
format in order for you to plan things out even more
systematically and productively. A timetable guides you to be
able to work on important activities necessary for you to
complete your research. Please study the example timetable
below to get ideas on how a plan looks like and what
information can be included.
DATE OBJECTIVE(S) PERSON RESOURCES OUTPUT
INVOLVED NEEDED
February Read books, essays, The Researchers books, A. List of concepts
articles about initial newspapers, print and definitions
topic. materials related to the
initial topic
B. List of
references read

February Formulate Background The Researchers List of concepts A. Draft of the


of the Study Teacher of the and definitions Background of the
Research related to the Study
initial topic
List of references
used
February Submit the draft of the Draft of the
Background of the Study The Researchers Background of the A. Receipt of
to the Teacher of Teacher of the Study Submission
Research for checking Research Internet Access B. Teacher’s
Feedback
VII. List of References
Present here the references that you used in the
formulation of the research plan. Use the format of the
American Psychological Association (APA) 6th or 7th
edition style/format in constructing the entries. Ensure
that the entries are alphabetically sequenced. Please
revisit the styling book, so you will be guided in making
the citations
Submission: Next Meeting
Lesson 2:
Formulating Clear Statement of Research Problem
Identifying the Problem and Asking the Question
After the lesson, the learners are expected to:

1. formulates clearly the statement of


research problem
2. presents written statement of the
problem
What is a
research
problem?
A research problem is a statement of a
concern in any area, a problem that needs
immediate solution, a recurring difficulty that
is necessary to be taken out of the situation,
or a practical question from a scholarly
inquiry in different disciplines.
May it be quantitative, qualitative, or
mixed method research, research
problem should bear the S.M.A.R.T.
characteristics.
(Clemente, Julaton, & Orleans (2016)
S M A R T
Specific. Realistic
This refers to the Measurable. The possibility of
quality of being Objective includes being carried out Time-bound.
exact or particular. how the action will Achievable. should always be Every objective has a
Research problem be measured. The research observed in specific timeline for
statement should be Measuring your questions should be formulating the completion.
able to communicate objectives helps you easily answered or research problem The research
the specific inquiry determine if you are achieved when the especially when questions should be
or question that making progress. It appropriate there is a need for narrowed enough to
needs to be keeps you on track procedures are experimentations be attained within
answered. and on schedule. performed. and observations. the set time frame.

https://www.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/nc-smart-goals-fact-sheet.pdf
Guidelines in formulating the general problem and the specific sub-problems or
specific questions .
Meanwhile, Calderon and Gonzales (2014)
1. The general statement and specific sub-questions should be
formulated before carrying out actions in the conduct of the
research work.
2. State the specific sub-problems in interrogative form.
3. The specific question should bear only one clear meaning.
4. Every question should not be dependent apart from other
questions — that is requiring answers afar from other questions.
5. It must be based on facts and phenomena.
6. The answers to each specific question should be contributory to
the development of the general problem statement.
Types of Research Questions
Clemente, Julaton, & Orleans (2016)

1. Factor-isolating questions. The


major concern of these questions is to
categorize, label, or name factors and
situations that exist or those that are
present in the perimeter of the research
work.
Examples:
• What are the difficulties encountered by Senior High School
learners in the New Normal set-up of educational system in
the country?
• What are the possible contribution that parents and the
community can extend to schools to overcome the
difficulties encountered by Senior High School learners in
the New Normal educational system?
2. Factor-relating questions.
Establishing relationships between
and among factors that have been
identified is the purpose of these
questions.
Examples:

• What relationship exists between the socio-


economic status of family to the learning ability of
students?
• Is there a significant relationship between the
choice of words of learners in essay writing and
the speaking skills of learners?
3. Situation-relating questions. These
questions emphasize the observable
changes that happen to variable/s
involved in the study as a result of
experimentation.
Examples:
• What is the effect of the modular distance
learning to the learning style and behavior of
learners?
• What are the impacts of flexible learning
options and modalities in the educational
system in the Philippines?
4. Situation-producing questions.
These questions open the opportunity to
create a definite course of action, policies
or conditions in order to accomplish or to
achieve a certain goal.
Examples:
• What project could be designed to empower
parents and the community to be involved in the
educational system?
• What action plan could be proposed to strengthen
the coordination between the family, the
community and the school in achieving relevant
education?
LET ME TEST…

• What appropriate learning strategy or


technique could be used to maintain efficient
learning at home?

Situation-producing questions
LET ME TEST…

• What is the effect of the changes in the


communities due to COVID-19 pandemic?

Factor-relating questions
LET ME TEST…

• What is the relationship between the social


distancing and flattening the curve?

Situation-relating questions
LET ME TEST…

• What are the factors contributing to increased of


participation of parents in disaster risk reduction
and management?

Factor-isolating questions
LET ME TEST…

• What is the meaning of the “pandemic”


among schoolchildren ages 5-7?

Factor-isolating questions
ACTIVITY 1. • From your initial research topic, construct different types of
questions according to purpose. Do this on your notebook.

Initial research topic:____________________________________________

Factor-isolating question

Factor-relating question

Situation-relating question

Situation-producing question
Next meeting:
PROPOSE TOPIC PROPOSE TITLE OF RESEARCH
1

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