AdeelQureshi - 1701 - 18669 - 2 - L10 Modern Philosophers

L10
Modern Philosophers: an
over view of modern
philosophical thoughts in
shaping the Western
Societies
René Descartes
• René Descartes: (1596 - 1650) was a
French philosopher, scientist, and
mathematician, widely considered a
influential figure in the emergence of
modern philosophy and science.
Mathematics was central to his method of
inquiry, and he connected the previously
separate fields of geometry and algebra
into analytic geometry.
Thomas Hobbes
• Thomas Hobbes: (1588-1679) was an
English philosopher, considered to be one
of the founders of modern political
philosophy. Hobbes is best known for his
1651 book Leviathan, in which he
expounds an influential formulation of
social contract theory
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
• Jean-Jacques Rousseau: (1712-1778)
was a Genevan philosopher, writer, and
composer. His political philosophy
influenced the progress of the Age of
Enlightenment throughout Europe, as well
as aspects of the French Revolution and
the development of modern political,
economic, and educational thought.
New Ways of Thinking
Socio Economic Reformation
• Modern Philosophy has a deep impact in
Social, Economic in Political System and
inventions. During the early modern era,
from 1500-1800, people from all parts of
the world entered into a sustained
interactions with each other for the 1st time
in history. Commercial, biological and
cultural exchanges influenced the
development of societies.
• European people in particular benefited
from increased global interactions
because they established the principal
maritime links between the world’s
regions.
• Three historical developments– Revolutions,
Revolutions
Industrialization and Imperialism help to
explain how European and Euro-American
peoples came to dominate so much of the
world.
• Revolution transformed European and
American societies in the late 19th centuries.
• Revolution broke out 1st in north America
where 13 British colonies rebelled and won
their independence
• The success of the people of America
inspired the people of France to undertake
a through transformation of their own
society. Monarchy was abolished,
• While organizing themselves into national
states European people also embarked on
process of industrialization. Over time
industrial societies became economically
much stronger than agricultural.
• Revolution, Industrialization and Imperialism
had effects felt around the world. Western
European and North American lands vastly
strengthened their position in the world by
exercising political or economical influence
over other societies.
• Revolution, industry and empire fueled
conflicts throughout the world in the 19th
century and laid down the fundamental human
rights.
The Industrial Revolution
•From England to North America to the
World
Why did the Industrial
Revolution begin In England?
• Natural resources such as coal, iron ore,
and developed farmlands
• New technologies such as the steam
engine and textile machines
• Population growth due to previous
agricultural boom
• Business class risked their capital to
start new ventures.
Edison
•Thomas Edison-American
Inventor, Scientist, and
Businessman
•Invented the Phonograph,

motion picture camera, and
the long-lasting practical
electric light bulb
John Kay’s Flying Shuttle
• “a speed which cannot be
imagined, so great that the
shuttle can only be seen
like a tiny cloud which
disappears the same
instant.”
• A wheeled shuttle that
greatly accelerated weaving
by passing thread between
warps very quickly
Louis Pasteur and Germ Theory
•French chemist and
microbiologist, known as one of
the fathers of microbiology
•Supported the germ theory of

disease
•Invented a method to stop milk

and wine from causing sickness
Auto Industry
•Henry Ford-American
Industrialist
•Used the assembly line

technique of mass
production
•Revolutionized
transportation
Impact of Modern
Philosophical Thoughts in
transformation of Western
Societies
Urbanization
•mass migration of people

from rural areas to cities
•Rapid growth of cities due

to industrial demand of
workers
Women’s Roles
• Women begin to take jobs
in factories performing
manual labor and skilled
crafts
• Women are always paid
less than men and not
much more than children
• Women begin to organize
for equal rights

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L10

•Invented the Phonograph,

•Supported the germ theory of

•Invented a method to stop milk

•Used the assembly line

•mass migration of people

•Rapid growth of cities due

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