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Lesson 2:
Effects of Force Applied on Objects

Focus Points:
1. Demonstrate the understanding of the effects of forces on objects
2. Investigate how force affects the direction of a moving object and also change its shape
From the previous lesson, you have learned that there are several and different kind of forces. These forces are
classified into two types, the contact and noncontact force These forces have an effect when applied or exerted
on an object. What are the possib effects of forces on an object?
Forces can change the objects when it applied
to them. Based on the activity performed,
different actions on objects cause a change on
their states. These are the changes after
applying a force to an object: change in
shapes, change in motion, and a change in
the direction of motion.
A. Force on Motion
Have you ever tried playing a pull-back action

toy car? This toy car shows some changes in
motion if a force is applied to it. You need to
press and pull it back first before releasing it to
move. Pressing it harder and pulling it farther
makes it move farther and faster.
Motion is the change in position with respect to a reference point. A change in direction of an object is affected
by an unbalanced force acting on it. Objects that are not will remain as ease or will not move at all, while an
object that is moving can be put to stop. An unbalanced force is needed to change the motion of an object. A
net force greater than zero can make the object at rest move, and an object in motion stop. Increasing the
amount of force acting on an object changes its speed, making it faster to reach a farther distance, and
decreasing the force acting on it makes the object move slower to travel a shorter distance. The frictional force
also affects the motion of the object. If the friction force is less than the applied force, the motion is faster (A),
and if the friction force is greater than the applied force, the motion is slower (B). moving
B. Force on Direction
What can affect the direction of force applied on an object? Forces always come in pairs that occur at the
same time. If these pairs of forces are not equal, they produce an unbalanced force, causing a change in the
rate of motion and the direction of the moving object.
Consider the diagrams below. The pair of forces are represented by arrows of different sizes. Big arrows
represent greater force while small arrows represent lesser force.
The amount of force acting on an object affects the
direction of motion. If the pair of forces with opposing
direction are not equal, the direction of the force is
dependent on where the stronger force is directed, and
if the pair of forces with opposing direction are equal,
the object tends to be at rest or no motion at all.
C. Force on Shape
Examine the clotheslines in the picture at the right.

What do you notice about them? Aside from changes in
motion and direction, forces can also change the shape
of an object.
Recalling the lesson on physical changes, the physical

change happens in solids when a force is applied to
them. In the picture, Clothesline A is not sagging
compared to Clothesline B. It is because in clothesline
B, the hanging clothes are forces applied on the
clothesline because of their weights. The clothesline,
therefore, is stretched. Objects can be stretched and
compressed when forces are applied.
“
Stretching is an applied force that increases the length of an object while shearing or compressing
force is a force that decreases the length or size through squeezing or pressing. Stretching is also
classified as tension forces. Tension passes through strings, cables, ropes or wires when they are
being pulled in opposite directions. The tension force is directed along the length of the bands or
wires, and pulls equally on objects at its opposite ends. Aside from stretching and shearing,
another type of contact force is twisting. It is another type of applied force that changes the
orientation of the object. Stretching, shearing, and twisting belong to the classification of contact
forces.
REMEMBER
Forces can affect the objects around us. They can start
the motion of an object, stop the objects in motion,
change its direction, and even the shape of an object.
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Lesson 2:

Effects of Force Applied on Objects

Have you ever tried playing a pull-back action

Examine the clotheslines in the picture at the right.

Recalling the lesson on physical changes, the physical

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