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    Developing Speeches2

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    Avril Pizza
    This document provides guidance on developing effective introductions, conclusions, and overall persuasive speeches. It discusses including an attention-grabbing introduction, outlining main points, and leaving the audience wanting more with a memorable conclusion. Organizational patterns like chronological, categorical, and problem-solution are covered. Supporting ideas with sources and using visual aids like PowerPoint slides appropriately are also addressed.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Developing Speeches2

    Uploaded by

    Avril Pizza
    18 views25 pages
    This document provides guidance on developing effective introductions, conclusions, and overall persuasive speeches. It discusses including an attention-grabbing introduction, outlining main points, and leaving the audience wanting more with a memorable conclusion. Organizational patterns like chronological, categorical, and problem-solution are covered. Supporting ideas with sources and using visual aids like PowerPoint slides appropriately are also addressed.

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    This document provides guidance on developing effective introductions, conclusions, and overall persuasive speeches. It discusses including an attention-grabbing introduction, outlining main points, and leaving the audience wanting more with a memorable conclusion. Organizational patterns like chronological, categorical, and problem-solution are covered. Supporting ideas with sources and using visual aids like PowerPoint slides appropriately are also addressed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    18 views25 pages

    Developing Speeches2

    Uploaded by

    Avril Pizza
    This document provides guidance on developing effective introductions, conclusions, and overall persuasive speeches. It discusses including an attention-grabbing introduction, outlining main points, and leaving the audience wanting more with a memorable conclusion. Organizational patterns like chronological, categorical, and problem-solution are covered. Supporting ideas with sources and using visual aids like PowerPoint slides appropriately are also addressed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 25

    Your Persuasive

    Speech
    You have to write one, so make it
    a good one.
    Introductions
    and Conclusions
    Purposes of Introductions
    In the first 10% of your speech, you must:

     Get the Audience’s Attention


     Introduce the Subject
     Give the Audience a Reason to Listen
     Establish Your Credibility
     Preview Your Main Points
    Methods for Developing Introductions
    1. Use Illustrations or Anecdotes
    2. Provide Startling Facts or Statistics
    3. Use Quotations
    4. Use Humor
    5. Ask Questions
    6. Refer to Historical Events
    7. Use Personal References
    Purposes of Conclusions
    1. Summarize the Speech
    2. Reemphasize the Central Idea in a Memorable Way
    3. Motivate the Audience to Respond
     Persuasive: encourage audience to think a certain way or
    take action
    4. Provide Closure
    Methods for Developing Conclusions

     Can use the same techniques used for the introduction


    (illustrations, quotations, etc.)

     Very Important: Refer to the Introduction!

     Issue an Inspirational Appeal or Challenge


     Appropriate for persuasive speeches
    Developing Your
    Speech
    Writing the Speech
     Select Organizational Pattern
     Select Main Points
     Subdivide Main Points into Subpoints
    Developing Your Speech
     Topic Selection
     General Purpose: To Persuade
     Specific Purpose

     Behavioral objective—the specific behavior you expect from your


    audience
    i
     “At the end of my speech, the audience will be able to…”
     Explain, list, describe, write (not understand, believe, know, feel, etc.)
    Central Idea (a.k.a. Thesis)
     One-sentence summary of speech
     Focuses on the content of the speech
     Should communicate a single idea
     Look for logical divisions (main points)
     Look for multiple reasons why central idea is true or false
     Look for a series of steps that supports the central idea
    (chronological progression)
    Example
    Topic: Boycotting Bluth’s Original Frozen Banana Stand
    General Purpose: To persuade
    Specific Purpose: At the end of my speech, the audience will be
    able to list the reasons why they should boycott Bluth’s Original
    Frozen Banana Stand
    Central Idea: Bluth’s Original Frozen Banana Stand poses a
    hazard for the residents of Orange County and should be
    boycotted
    Develop Signposts
     Transitions
     Verbal—In addition to; Not only/as well; In other words;
    Therefore; In summary
     Nonverbal—A change in facial expression, a pause, an altered
    vocal pitch or rate; can be used with or without a verbal transition
    Signposts, cont.
     Previews
     Initial Previews—Preview statements of what the
    main points will be
     Internal Previews—These introduce and outline
    ideas or points that will be developed as the speech
    progresses
     Can be used as a transition
    Signposts, cont
     Summaries
     Final Summary—Serves as a transition between
    body and conclusion, and summarizes the main
    points of speech
     Internal Summary—Occur within speech; can act as
    a transition. Are often used with internal previews.
    Supporting Material
     Smoothly Incorporate Sources
     State the point
     Cite the source
     Present the supporting material
     Explain how is substantiates the point
    Organizational
    Patterns
    Chronological
     Good for step-by-step process or historical
    events
     Begin with a specific point in time, move
    ahead or back from there
     The principle of recency—the event
    discussed last is the one that the audience
    will remember best
    Spatial
     Organizes according to space or physical
    relationship
     Arranges ideas according to their location and
    direction
     Can progress up or down, east or west, forward or
    backward
     Ideas must be developed in logical order
    Categorical
     Arrange by distinct topics
     Addresses
     types
     forms
     qualities
     aspects
     Can organize in a variety of ways
     Recency—highlights one point more than the others
     Primacy—puts the most important or convincing point first
     Complexity—moves from simple to complex
    Climactic
     Simple to difficult, least to most, neutral to
    intense
     Effective for gaining audience agreement or
    action
     Can also reverse the pattern, from most to
    least
    Cause & Effect
     Moves from cause to effect, or effect to
    cause
     Good to explain how an event unfolded
     Chronology does not equal cause
     Guard against over-simplification
     Must be able to demonstrate that one event
    actually caused something else to occur
    Problem-Solution
     Typicallyused in persuasive speaking
     Speaker usually proposes a best solution

     Reflective Thinking Sequence


     Causes & extent of problem?
     Effects of problem?
     Criteria by which solutions should be judged?
     Possible solutions (strengths & weaknesses)
     Best solution?
     Put into effect how?
     Definition & limits of problems
    Motivated Sequence
    1. Attention—get listeners’ attention
    2. Need—establish problem or issue and convince audience of the
    need for change; demonstrate that this need affects audience
    directly
    3. Satisfaction—identify how your plan will satisfy the need and
    explain solution
    4. Visualization—use positive visualization to explain how great life
    will be after your solution is implemented, or use negative
    visualization to show how terrible life will be if it is not
    5. Action—tell audience the specific action(s) they must take to
    implement solution
    Visual Aids
    Visual Aid: PowerPoint
     Be careful when using sensitive images (9/11,
    natural disasters, etc.)
     Do not use images that are too small or distorted
     Be sure to label charts and graphs
     Only use relevant images and/or visual
    representations of data
     Avoid the use of sound effects and animations

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