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    Female Reproductive System

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    Shefali Goyal
    The uterus has three layers - an outer perimetrium, middle myometrium layer of muscle fibers, and inner endometrium. The endometrium is responsive to hormones and cycles monthly, building up and then shedding its functional layer during menstruation. The uterus supports pregnancy by allowing fetal growth and aids in labor and birth by contracting and cervical dilation to deliver the baby.

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    Female Reproductive System

    Uploaded by

    Shefali Goyal
    15 views17 pages
    The uterus has three layers - an outer perimetrium, middle myometrium layer of muscle fibers, and inner endometrium. The endometrium is responsive to hormones and cycles monthly, building up and then shedding its functional layer during menstruation. The uterus supports pregnancy by allowing fetal growth and aids in labor and birth by contracting and cervical dilation to deliver the baby.

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    female reproductive system

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    The uterus has three layers - an outer perimetrium, middle myometrium layer of muscle fibers, and inner endometrium. The endometrium is responsive to hormones and cycles monthly, building up and then shedding its functional layer during menstruation. The uterus supports pregnancy by allowing fetal growth and aids in labor and birth by contracting and cervical dilation to deliver the baby.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    15 views17 pages

    Female Reproductive System

    Uploaded by

    Shefali Goyal
    The uterus has three layers - an outer perimetrium, middle myometrium layer of muscle fibers, and inner endometrium. The endometrium is responsive to hormones and cycles monthly, building up and then shedding its functional layer during menstruation. The uterus supports pregnancy by allowing fetal growth and aids in labor and birth by contracting and cervical dilation to deliver the baby.

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    Vagina

    Uterus
    Fallopian tubes
    Ovaries
     Theuterus is a hollow, pear shaped muscular
    organ.

     Theuterus measures about 7.5 X 5 X 2.5 cm


    and weight about 50 – 60 gm.
     The upper part is the corpus, or body of the
    uterus
     The fundus is the part of the body or corpus

    above the area where the fallopian tubes enter


    the uterus.
     Length about 5 cm.
     A narrower transition zone.
     Is between the corpus of the uterus and cervix.
     During late pregnancy, the isthmus elongates and

    is known as the lower uterine segment.


     The lowermost position of the uterus “neck”.
     The length of the cervix is about 2.5 t0 3 cm.
     The os, is the opening in the cervix that runs between the uterus
    and vagina.

    Ectocervix is the part exposed to the vagina & is lined by stratified


    squamous epithelium, whereas the endocervix is continous with
    the endocervical canal & is lined by a single layer of tall columnar
    mucus secreting epithelium.

    The junction of the ectocervix & endocervix junctional mucosa


    (squamo-columnar junction) is clinically & pathologically
    significant landmark
     Perimetrium.
     Myometrium.
     Endometrium.
     Is
    the outer peritoneal layer of serous membrane
    that covers most of the uterus.

     Laterally,
    the perimetrium is continuous with the
    broad ligaments on either side of the uterus.
     Isthe middle layer of thick muscle.
     Most of the muscle fibers are concentrated in

    the upper uterus, and their number diminishes


    progressively toward the cervix.

     The myometrium contains three types of


    smooth muscle fiber
     Which are found mostly in the fundus and are
    designed to expel the fetus efficiently toward the
    pelvic outlet during birth.
     These fiber contract after birth to compress the
    blood vessels that pass between them to limit
    blood loss.
     Which form constrictions where the fallopian
    tubes enter the uterus and surround the internal os
     Circular fibers prevent reflux of menstrual blood

    and tissue into the fallopian tubes.


     Promote normal implantation of the fertilized

    ovum by controlling its entry into the uterus.


     And retain the fetus until the appropriate time of

    birth
     Is the inner layer of the uterus.
     It is responsive to the cyclic variations of

    estrogen and progesterone during the female


    reproductive cycle every month.
     The three layers of the endometrium are:
    *Compact layer
    *The basal layer
    *The functional or Sponge layer this
    layer is shed during each menstrual period and
    after child birth.
     Menstruation ----the uterus sloughs off the
    endometrium.

     Pregnancy ---the uterus support fetus and allows the


    fetus to grow.

     Labor and birth---the uterine muscles contract and


    the cervix dilates during labor to expel the fetus

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