AUDIO-VISUALAIDS

TEACHING AIDS
• Teaching aids are devices presenting units of knowledge through auditory
or visual stimuli or both with a view to help learning.
• They concretize the knowledge to be presented & help in making a
learning experience appear real, living and vital.
• They supplement the work of the teacher and help in the study of text-
books.
• A teaching aid is a tool used by teachers, facilitators or tutors to help
learners improve reading and other skills, illustrate or reinforce a skill,
fact, or idea and relieve anxiety, fears, or boredom since many teaching
aids are like games.
• teaching aid are the aids used by the facilitator to help him/her in facilitating his/her lesson
effectively.
 DEFINITIONS
• GOOD’S DICTIONARY OF EDUCATION
• Audio-visual aids imply, “any thing by means of which learning process
may be encouraged or carried on through the senses of hearing or the
sense of sight.”
• श्र्वय-दृश्य सहायक साधन से अभिप्राय प्रत्येक वह वस्तु से है जिसके द्वारा अधिगम प्रक्रिया को श्र्वय इंद्रियों अथवा
दृष्टि इंद्रियों से प्रोत्साहित किया जा सकता हो या बढ़ाया जा सकता हो।
 CLASSIFICATION

TRADITIONAL PROJECTIVE & NON

APPROACH PROJECTIVE AIDS

TECHNOLOGICAL
APPROACH
TRADITIONAL APPROACH
 OBJECTIVES

To enhance teachers
skills which help to Make learners Communicate Develop lesson
To make students
make teaching- active in the them according to plan and build
good observer
learning process classroom their capabilities interest
effective

Develop easy and Follow child Involve To create interest To make teaching
understandable cornered learning intimation in in different process more
learning material process objectives groups effective
 Non-Projected
• Non-Projected aids refer to those aids which do not require projector electricity or projection
screen.
• Such materials can be simply shown, can be hanged or touched.
• Eg: Chalkboard, Whiteboard, Flannel board, Magnet board, Charts and Wall-Charts, Posters and
Pictorial Materials, Models etc.,
 Projected
• Projected refer to those aids where a bright light is passed through a transparent picture by means
of a lens and an enlarged picture is thrown or projected on the screen or the white wall.
• Eg: film-strip projector, slide projector, overhead projector, TV/VCR etc.,
 CHARACTERISTICS
1. Relevancy
2. Useful and purposeful teaching
3. Accuracy
4. Interest
5. Minimize verbalism
6. Comprehensibility
7. Motivation
8. Realism
• https://gradeup.co/short-notes-on-teaching-learnhttps://www.thoughtco.co
m/tlm-teaching-learning-materials-2081658ing-i
CONE OF EXPERIENCE-EDGAR DALE
Cone of Experience
 PRINCIPLES

PRINCIPLE OF SELECTION PRINCIPLE OF USE

 PRINCIPLE OF SELECTION
• P. OF Educative Value
• P. of realization of objectives
• P. of Pupil-Centreness
• P. of Interest & Motivation
• P. of Simplicity
• P. of relevance & Suitability
• P. of Accuracy
• P. of Size
• P. of Encouragement
• P. of Well- preparedness
 PRINCIPLE OF USE
• P. of Preparation
• P. of Awareness
• P. of teacher’s preparation
• P. of Student’s Participation
• P. of Clarity & Objectives
• P, of Proper Presentation
• P. of Protection & Preservation
PROBLEMS IN THE USE OF TEACHING
AIDS
• Apathy of teachers
• Indifference of Students
• Ineffectiveness of the Aids
• Financial Difficulties
• Lack of facilities for training
• Co-ordination between Center & States
 Types of Teaching Aids

AUDIO-
VISUAL
AUDIO AIDS VISUAL
AIDS
AIDS
 Visual Aids
• Projector: Projectors play the most important role among the most used tools in the modern
education system. Teaching-learning is made more simple and interesting through
projectors. Through the projector, the students get a different kind of enjoyment and
memory, development of observational power, curiosity etc.
• Slides and Films: Slides and film are used as teaching aids and a projector is used for this.
Slides of pictures or film strips can be shown by the projector in a sequence to give students
knowledge.
• Globe: With the help of the globe, children are shown the boundaries of continent, ocean,
river, mountain. In the topic of geography, the globe is used for the most part, to tell students
about the shape of the earth, northern and southern hemisphere, latitude and longitude lines.
 Visual Aids

Ground substance: The ground substance is the substance that the student can see and
touch. The student inspects and examines by touching and observing matter, which
develops the students’ senses, as well as the development of his thinking, understanding
and observing power.

Model: When the actual substance cannot be brought into the classroom or its size is so
large or it is not available then teachers prepare its sample or model which is shown in the
classroom so that the student can easily be explained.
 Visual Aids
Image: Pictures affect students very much. Students are lost in reality by seeing pictures, so
teachers also present any story or science or any other subject related picture to the students so
that they can be shown and explained. The things taught through the picture can be
remembered by the students for a long time, as well as the pictures can be easily shown in the
classroom.

Map: We use the map only when we have to teach the students about historical events and
geographical elements or places. While using the map, teachers should take care of some
points such as names, titles, directions and signs etc. should be written on it.
 Visual Aids

Sketch: We need a drawing only when we do not have any real substance or model or map. In
such conditions, we show students by drawing a drawing or sketch on a blackboard or on a
whiteboard, like making a map of India, showing any state etc.

Graph: A teacher uses graphs only when he has to show any increasing or decreasing pattern.
A graph is used in many subjects such as geography, history, mathematics, science, or also to
explain climate. And graphs are used to give information about population etc. as well. Also,
the graph is most commonly used in teaching mathematics and science.
 Visual Aids

Chart: The chart is used in Hindi, English, Geography, History, Economics, Civics,
Mathematics and Science. For example, to show various forms of nouns in grammar in
English or Hindi

Bulletin board: A bulletin board is a board where students display pictures, villages,
figures, articles or essential information in relation to the country’s political, economic and
social problems. Bulletin boards continuously increase the knowledge of the students
 Audio Aids

•Radio: Through radio, children are informed about the latest happenings and information.
Teaching programs related to different subjects of different classes are narrated on the radio
which develops the ability of the students’ learning, listening, understanding and
remembering as well.
•Tape Recorder: Tape-recorder is a popular tool in the education world. With the help of a
tape recorder, students can enjoy and learn through speeches of great leaders and poems of
famous writers, their stories and the music of famous artists. It helps to correct all errors and
thoughts related to students’ speed of speech.
•Teleconferencing: With the help of teleconferencing, students can be informed.
Teleconferencing is a medium through which many schools can be linked together. Different
teachers and different children can gain important information by talking through
teleconferencing.
 Audio-Visual Aids

•Films: There are many advantages of movies or cinema in the field of education. The knowledge gained by it is
more useful than other mediums because students can learn well by watching and listening. By showing movies,
documentaries, and films, children can be easily given knowledge of different countries, places and events .

•Television: All the benefits from cinema or film can also be derived from television, but its scope is much wider than cinema.
In today’s modern era, television broadcasts many types of educational programs in addition to entertainment programs to
increase the knowledge of children It is also used by universities like IGNOU and UGC to broadcast various types of
educational programs with the help of satellites so that the students can learn .

•Computer: The use of computers is one of the most used tools in the modern education system. With the help
of this electronic device, the education world has got a golden opportunity of learning. The use of computers can
be seen not only in the education world but also in different areas of their life.
 ADVANTAGES
1. Its helps to make learning process more effective and conceptual.
2. Its helps to grab the attention of students
3. It builds interest and motivation teaching students learning process
4. It enhance the energy level of teaching and students
5. It is even better for over burden classrooms
6. It provides students a realistic approach and experience
 DISADVANTAGES
1. Technical Problems
2. Students Distractions
3. Expensive
4. Time consuming
5. Need Space
6. Convenience
 LANGUAGE LABORATORY
• Language laboratory is a place in the school/institution which provides
additional facility to learn and practice different skills of English language
using technology.
• Language lab helps in learning the standard pronunciation of language
items such as vowels, consonants, speech, etc.
• In recent time, language lab has become a popular tool for personality
development which is equipped with modern audio-visual recording
device, ICT and other electronic media related instruments.
 Benefits of Language Laboratory
Language lab promotes
enthusiasm and • Language lab helps in • It provides equal
motivation among making an interactive opportunity for learning
learners to learn new environment to all
language

• It also helps in
recording and listening
• It gives opportunity to • It limits the scope of
to one’s own voice
listen to authentic and miscommunication and
which is very helpful in
standard pronunciation transmission loss
improving
communication