PRESENTATION

OF DATA
START QUIT

EXIT PLAY
 OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the discussion, the students can:
describe different graphs to represent
organized data;
1
use appropriate graphs to represent
organized data: pie chart, bar graph, line
graph, pictograph, histogram, tables, and
2 ogive; and

apply the presentation of data in real

3 life settings.

BACK
ACTIVITY: 4 pics 1 word

g r a ph
l i ne
pie
ba r
tabl e
Crewmate
There are Graphs among us
 Graphs
Line Graph Bar Graph

Pie Graph Pictograph

Histogram Ogive

Table
LET’S START!!!
 The Line Graph
• A line graph is used to represent changes in data
over a period of time. Data like changes in
temperature, income, population, and the like can be
represented by a line graph. In a line graph, data
are represented by points and are joined by line
segments. A line graph may be curved, broken, or
straight.

• Generally, the horizontal axis is used as the time

axis and vertical axis is used to show the changes in
other quantity.
Example 1:

The table shows ticket sales of the Cabanas Theater

during a typical week. Draw a line graph.

SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT

DAY R

NUMBER OF
TICKETS SOLD
 Ticket Sales at Cabanas Theater
400

Number of Tickets Sold 350

300

250

200

150

100

50

0
S M T W T F S
Days of the Week
 Example 2:

The graph below shows the amount of popcorn sold at a theater.

600
Popcorn Sold

500

400
Bucket Sold

300

200

100

0
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
Time
Use the graph to answer the following questions.

a. Which day had the most popcorn sold? FRIDAY

b. From Thursday to Friday did the amount of popcorn

sold increase or decrease? INCREASE

c. Were fewer buckets sold on Tuesday or on

Thursday? THURSDAY

d. What is the difference in the number of buckets

sold on Wednesday and the number sold on Friday?
200
e. What is the total number of buckets sold? 2450
 Try it 1:

SALES OF OPERATION OF ACTS 12:7 Convenience Store

(in thousand pesos)
16

14

12

10

Series 2
SALES

0
MON TUES WED THURS FRI

DAYS
 The Bar Graph
• A bar graph is a graph that uses rectangles
(horizontal or vertical bars) of uniform width to
represent data, particularly the nominal or
categorical type of data.
• The height of the rectangle denotes the frequency
of the variable.
• There are two types of bar graphs: the vertical
bar graph, which is sometimes called a column
chart, and the horizontal bar graph. A vertical bar
graph is used to show the changes in the numerical
value of a variable over a period of time.
Example 3:

Arnold surveyed a sample of people at a basketball game to find

out their favorite drink. Represent the set of data using a bar
graph.
TYPES OF DRINKS FREQUENCY

Cola 25
Root Beer 20
Lemon 10
Fruit 15
Iced Tea 12
 FAVORITE DRINKS
30

25

20
FREQUENCY

15

10

0
COLA ROOT BEER LEMON FRUIT ICED TEA

TYPES OF DRINKS
 Example 4:

The following table shows the benefits paid by the SSS and the
GSIS from 2012 – 2018. Prepare a multiple bar graph to show
the benefits of both.

YEAR 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

GSIS (In
million
pesos) 3018.0 3463.8 3862.6 4366.0 5037.0 5785.0 7415.8

SSS (In
million
pesos) 2034.6 2398 2940.6 4192.8 6104.6 7336.6 9942.4
 BENEFITS PAID GSIS AND SSS
10000

9000

8000

7000

6000

GSIS
5000
SSS

4000

3000

2000

1000

0
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

YEAR
 Try it 2: B

Number of Shoes Sold in A and B Stores for the Last Four

Months of the Year
350

340

330

320
NUMBER OF SHOES

310
A
300 B

290

280

270

260

250
SEPT OCT NOV DEC

MONTHS
 The Pie Graph
• A pie graph or pie chart is another visual
representation of data. It is used to show how all
the parts of something are related to the whole. It
is represented by a circle divided into slices or
sectors of various sizes that show each part’s
relationship to the whole and to other parts of the
circle.
• A circle can be drawn to represent . If a circle is
divided into fractional parts (sectors), each represents
a percentage. The sum of these fractional parts must
always be equal to

 On a pie or circle graph, represents or

 On a pie graph, represents or
 On a pie graph, a sector having represents or of the
circle.
 On a pie graph, a sector having represents or of the
circle.
To Create a Circle Graph:
1. Express the number in each category as a
percentage of the total.

2. Convert this percentage to an angle in the circle.

Multiply the percent by 360 to find the number of
degrees for each category.

3. Use protractor to construct a circle graph.

Example 5:

The first month’s operation expenses of Frequency

Enterprises are shown in the following table. Construct a
circle graph showing the expenses of Frequency
Enterprises.
Categories Salaries Rent Advertising Materials and
Supplies
Amount ₱60 000.00 ₱30 000.00 ₱20 000.00 ₱10 000.00
 Solution:

Category Amount Percent of the Total Angle of Sector

Salaries ₱60 000.00 60 000 =0.5 𝑜𝑟 50 %

120 000 0.5×360=180°
Advertising ₱20 000.00 20 000 =0.167 𝑜𝑟 16.7 %
120 000 0.167×360=60.12°
Materials and
Supplies
₱10 000.00 10 000
120 000 0.083×360=29.88°
=0.083 𝑜𝑟 8.3 %

=0.25 𝑜𝑟 25 %0.25×360=90°
30 000
Rent ₱30 000.00
120 000
TOTAL ₱120 000.00
100 % 360 °
Expenses for Frequency Enterprises

25%

50%
8.3%

16.7%

Salaries Advertising Materials and Supplies Rent

 Electricity used in a Month
4%

10%

10%
40%

15%

21%

Water heater Stove Washing machine Refrigerator Miscellaneous Air conditioner

Example 6:

The amount of electricity used in a typical home is shown

in the circle graph. In a certain month, a home used 1 200
kWh (kilowatt-hours). Use the graph to find the amount of
electricity used:

i. by the stove.
ii. by the refrigerator
iii. by the water heater
iv. by the air conditioner
i. The amount of electricity used by the stove:
of
ii. The amount of electricity used by the refrigerator:
of
iii. The amount of electricity used by the water heater:
of
iv. The amount of electricity used by the air conditioner:
of
 The Pictograph
• A pictograph is a graph that uses pictures to
illustrate data.
• To construct a pictograph, the following steps are
to be followed:
a. Collect the necessary data.
b. Round off numerical data if necessary.
c. Choose an appropriate symbol to
represent the subject.
d. Indicate the quantity each symbol
represents.
Example 7:

Draw a pictograph for the given facts below.

THE ANNUAL BUDGET OF GEOM SCHOOL DISTRICT DURING

2014 - 2018
YEAR 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
BUDGET ₱3 500 000 ₱4 000 000 ₱5 000 000 ₱5 500 000 ₱5 000 000

Solution:

¿ ₱ 1000000
ANNUAL BUDGET OF GEOM SCHOOL DISTRICT DURING
2014 - 2015

2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
 The Histogram
• A histogram is a bar graph showing the data
frequency that occurs within a certain interval. In a
histogram, the bars are always vertical, the width
of each bar is based on the size of the interval it
represents, and there are no gaps between
adjacent bars. Histograms have no gaps because
their bases cover a continuous range of possible
values.
Example 8:
Use the graph below to answer the questions
that follow:
a. Which age group has the most number of people?
21 - 30
b. Which age group has the least number of people?
1 - 10
c. How many people are in the age group 11 – 20?
25
d. How many people are there in the age group 0 –
20? 40
e. How many people are older than 30?

25
Example 9:
The histogram below shows the height (in cm) distribution
of 30 people.
a. Which age group has the most number of people?
21 - 30
b. Which age group has the least number of people?
1 - 10
c. How many people are in the age group 11 – 20?
25
d. How many people are there in the age group 0 –
20? 40
e. How many people are older than 30?

25
 The Tables
• Statistical Table is the more effective and more accurate
way of presenting data and using this method, we usually
approximate the values.

• Statistical Table has main four components:

1. Table Heading – shows the table number and the
table title.
2. Body – contains the quantitative information that we
are looking for in a table.
3. Stubs – labels and categories which are presented as
values of a variable.
4. Boxheads – captions that appear above the columns.
 NUMBER OF CARS REGISTERED IN THE KEY
CITIES OF METRO MANILA BY TYPE OF FUEL
(2001 – 2007)
CITIES GAS DIESEL
MANILA 27 300 10 428
QUEZON 32 583 13 647
CALOOCAN 29 123 8 762
PASAY 15 876 8 634
SAN JUAN 22 336 11 428
MAKATI 28 645 9 978
PARANAQUE 15 223 8 351
PASIG 17 645 4 378

Source: Land Transportation Office

THANK YOU! <3
Prepared by: Rachell C. Macaso, LPT