Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 25 views

    Tinnitus

    Uploaded by

    Dr Sravya M V
    This document discusses tinnitus, or ringing in the ears. It defines tinnitus, describes the sounds patients hear, and identifies two types: subjective tinnitus heard only by the patient, and objective tinnitus that can be heard by an examiner. Potential causes of tinnitus are outlined involving the ear, neurological issues, metabolic factors, and drugs. Treatments discussed include identifying and treating underlying causes, reassurance, relaxation techniques, medication, masking devices, and tinnitus retraining therapy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Tinnitus

    Uploaded by

    Dr Sravya M V
    25 views18 pages
    This document discusses tinnitus, or ringing in the ears. It defines tinnitus, describes the sounds patients hear, and identifies two types: subjective tinnitus heard only by the patient, and objective tinnitus that can be heard by an examiner. Potential causes of tinnitus are outlined involving the ear, neurological issues, metabolic factors, and drugs. Treatments discussed include identifying and treating underlying causes, reassurance, relaxation techniques, medication, masking devices, and tinnitus retraining therapy.

    Original Description:

    Brief knowldege of tinnitus

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses tinnitus, or ringing in the ears. It defines tinnitus, describes the sounds patients hear, and identifies two types: subjective tinnitus heard only by the patient, and objective tinnitus that can be heard by an examiner. Potential causes of tinnitus are outlined involving the ear, neurological issues, metabolic factors, and drugs. Treatments discussed include identifying and treating underlying causes, reassurance, relaxation techniques, medication, masking devices, and tinnitus retraining therapy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    25 views18 pages

    Tinnitus

    Uploaded by

    Dr Sravya M V
    This document discusses tinnitus, or ringing in the ears. It defines tinnitus, describes the sounds patients hear, and identifies two types: subjective tinnitus heard only by the patient, and objective tinnitus that can be heard by an examiner. Potential causes of tinnitus are outlined involving the ear, neurological issues, metabolic factors, and drugs. Treatments discussed include identifying and treating underlying causes, reassurance, relaxation techniques, medication, masking devices, and tinnitus retraining therapy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 18

    TINNITUS

    DR SRAVYA M V
    THIRD YEAR
    MS SALAKYATANTRA
    GAVC TRIPUNITHURA
    • Ringing sound / noise in the ear

    • Characteristic feature - origin of sound is within the patient

    • Usually - unilateral , also affect both ears

    • May vary in pitch & loudness

    • Roaring, hissing, swishing, rustling / clicking type of noise

    • More annoying in quiet surroundings, particularly at night, when the masking


    effect of ambient noise from the environment is lost
    2 types
    1. Subjective - only be heard by the patient

    2. Objective - even be heard by the examiner with the use of a stethoscope


    CAUSES
    Subjective tinnitus

    • Origin in the external ear, middle ear, inner ear, VIIIth nerve / CNS

    • Systemic disorders - anemia, arteriosclerosis, hypertension & certain drugs


    may act through the inner ear / central auditory pathways

    • In the presence of conductive hearing loss, the patient may hear abnormal
    noises in the head during eating, speaking / even respiration
    • Subjective tinnitus

    • Otologic • Neurologic
    • Impacted wax • Head injury (labyrinthine
    • Fluid in middle ear
    concussion)
    • Acute otitis media
    • Temporal bone fractures
    • Chronic otitis media
    • Whiplash injury
    • Ménière’s disease
    • Multiple sclerosis
    • Presbycusis
    • Postmeningitic
    • Noise-induced hearing loss
    • Brain haemorrhage
    • Idiopathic sudden SNHL
    • Brain infarct
    • Acoustic neuroma
    • Metabolic

    • Hypothyroidism

    • Hyperthyroidism

    • Obesity

    • Hyperlipidaemia

    • Vitamin deficiency

    • Pharmacologic • Psychogenic

    • Certain drugs used by the patient • Anxiety


    • All ototoxic drugs • Depression
    • Objective tinnitus

    • Less frequent

    • Vascular lesions - glomus tumour / carotid artery aneurysm cause


    swishing tinnitus synchronous with pulse

    • It can be temporarily abolished by pressure on the common carotid artery

    • Venous hum can sometimes be stopped by pressure on the neck veins


    • Tinnitus synchronous with respiration may occur due to abnormally patent
    eustachian tube

    • Palatal myoclonus produces clicking sound due to clonic contraction of the


    muscles of soft palate – easy to diagnose

    • Clonic contraction of muscles of middle ear (stapedius & tensor tympani) -


    difficult to diagnose
    • Sometimes, tinnitus is psychogenic & no cause can be found in the ear / CNS

    • Tinnitus should be differentiated from auditory hallucinations in which a


    person hears voices / other organized sounds like that of music

    • It is seen in psychiatric disorders


    • Vascular
    • AV shunts
    • Congenital AV malformations

    • Glomus tumour of middle ear

    • Arterial bruit
    • Carotid aneurysm

    • Carotid stenosis

    • Vascular loop pressing on VIIIth nerve in internal auditory canal

    • High-riding carotid artery

    • Persistent stapedial artery

    • Venous hum
    • Dehiscent jugular bulb
    • Patulous eustachian tube

    • Palatal myoclonus

    • Idiopathic stapedial or tensor tympani myoclonus

    • Dental

    • Clicking of TM joint
    TREATMENT

    • Tinnitus is a symptom & not a disease

    • Cause should be discovered & treated

    • Sometimes, even the treatment of cause may not alleviate tinnitus


    • When no cause is found, management of tinnitus includes
    1. Reassurance & psychotherapy

    2. Techniques of relaxation & biofeedback

    3. Sedation & tranquillizers

    4. Masking of tinnitus - Use of a fan, Use of a hearing aid ,Tinnitus maskers


    TINNITUS INSTRUMENT

    • Combination of a hearing aid and a masker in one device


    TINNITUS RETRAINING THERAPY (TRT)

    1. Habituation of reaction

    • It is uncoupling of brain & body from negative reactions to tinnitus

    2. Habituation of tinnitus

    • It is blocking the tinnitus-related neuronal activity to reach level of


    consciousness

    • With this therapy patients suffering from tinnitus lose awareness of tinnitus
    & also do not get annoyed even when they do have tinnitus
    • Counselling
    • Sleep disturbance

    • Inability to concentrate

    • Annoyance

    • Anxiety

    • Depression
    • Sound therapy

    • Patient is exposed to environmental sounds, music radio, television

    • In general, he should avoid silent environment


    THANK YOU

    You might also like