Interpreting

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Interpreting

Dr. Sujatmiko. M.Hum


1. Types of Interpreting
2. Basic Skills in Interpreting
3. Code of Ethics in Interpreting
4. Strategies & Testing in Interpreting
5. Quality in Interpreting Criteria & Tools
What is Interpreting?

Interpreting consists of presenting in the target language the exact meaning of


what is uttered in the source language either simultaneously or consecutively,
preserving the tone of speaker (Mahmoodzadeh, 1991).
Interpreting
Types of Interpreting

1. Simultaneous Interpreting
2. Consecutive Interpreting
3. Whisper Interpreting
4. Scheduled Telephone Interpreting

(Source: https://www.kwintessential.co.uk/blog/interpreting/types-of-interpreting)
1. Simultaneous Interpreting
At a simultaneous interpreting event, the interpreter
has to listen to what is being said and translate this into
the target language at the same time.

When interpreting simultaneously, the interpreter


wears headphones and is located in a booth. He or she
talks into a microphone that is connected to the
headphones of the target language speakers. As there is
no time to overthink translations, simultaneous
interpreters must make decisions on the spot.

(Source: https://www.kwintessential.co.uk/blog/interpreting/types-of-interpreting)
2. Consecutive Interpreting
In contrast to simultaneous interpreting, consecutive
interpreting does not occur at the same time the source
language speaker is talking. It is only when the speaker
pauses (usually every 1-5 minutes) that the interpreter
repeats what is being said in the target language.

One of the most important skills a consecutive


interpreter must possess is the ability to take notes. As
it is virtually impossible to memorize multiple minutes
of speech, note-taking is essential to convey the correct
message.

(Source: https://www.kwintessential.co.uk/blog/interpreting/types-of-interpreting)
3. Whisper Interpreting
Whisper interpreting can be compared to
simultaneous interpreting, with the only
difference that with this type of interpreting, the
interpreter is not in a booth wearing
headphones, but is sitting next to the person or
persons that they interpret for. While the source
language speaker is talking, they quietly talk
into the target speaker’s ear.

(Source: https://www.kwintessential.co.uk/blog/interpreting/types-of-interpreting)
4. Scheduled Telephone Interpreting

This type of interpreting can be both


consecutive and simultaneous. One aspect is
fixed, however; the interpreter is not physically
present in the room, but translates via telephone.

(Source: https://www.kwintessential.co.uk/blog/interpreting/types-of-interpreting)
Interpreting
Basic Skills in Interpreting

1.Listening Skill
2.Decoding Skill
3.Recording Skill
4.Re-expression Skill

(Source: Jing Ma, p.1233 - Journal of Language Teaching and Research)


Anticipation

Improve Psychological Preparation

Use Redundancy in Listening Training

Use the Expert or Booth Mate’s help

Consult Document during Interpreting


(Source: Jing Ma, p.1233 - Journal of Language Teaching and Research)
Cultivate Familiarity with English Pronunciation & Dialects

Master a well-knit Vocabulary System

Smooth shift of sentence structures between SL & TL

Form logical analysis

Gradual accumulation of Extra-linguistic/Encyclopedic Knowledge

(Source: Jing Ma, p.1234 - Journal of Language Teaching and Research)


Visualizing memorization

Outlining memorization

Reasoning memorization

Chunking
(Source: Jing Ma, p.1236 - Journal of Language Teaching and Research)
Timely Adjustment

Adding Information

Reconstructing the segmental information in context

Reformulation

Paraphrasing & Explaining

Reproducing the sound heard by the SL speech


(Source: Jing Ma, p.1237 - Journal of Language Teaching and Research)
Interpreting
Code Ethics in Interpreting

1. Accuracy and Fidelity


2. Confidentially
3. Impartially
4. Respect for Persons
5. Maintaining Role Boundaries
6. Accountability
7. Professionalism
8. Continued Competence
(Source: The article of Multilingual Community Interpreter Services )
Interpreting
Strategies and Tactics in Interpreting

1.Knowledge Based Strategies


2.Language-based Strategies
3.Meaning-based Strategies
4.Delivery-based strategies

(Source: Li, Xiandong .2015. Putting Interpreting strategies in their place)


Interpreting
Strategies and Tactics in Interpreting

(Source: Li, Xiandong .2015. Putting Interpreting strategies in their place)


Interpreting
Criteria for Interpreter

1.Amazing Language Skills


2.Specialty Knowledge
3.Accreditation
4.Soft skill
5.Cultural Competence

(Source: https://unitedlanguagegroup.com/blog/5-qualities-every-interpreter-should-have/ )

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