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    Lecture 1

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    Bhawna Rathi
    Bioinformatics is the intersection of computer science, biology, and statistics. It uses algorithms and techniques from computer science to analyze and manage biological data. The first protein sequence was determined in 1951, and the term "bioinformatics" was coined in 1970. Major advances include sequencing DNA in 1977 and completing the Human Genome Project in 2003. Bioinformatics plays a role in data generation, integration, analysis, and usage across molecular biology. Its applications include sequence assembly, genome annotation, and protein structure prediction. Future areas include personalized medicine, gene therapy, and drug development.

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    Lecture 1

    Uploaded by

    Bhawna Rathi
    36 views14 pages
    Bioinformatics is the intersection of computer science, biology, and statistics. It uses algorithms and techniques from computer science to analyze and manage biological data. The first protein sequence was determined in 1951, and the term "bioinformatics" was coined in 1970. Major advances include sequencing DNA in 1977 and completing the Human Genome Project in 2003. Bioinformatics plays a role in data generation, integration, analysis, and usage across molecular biology. Its applications include sequence assembly, genome annotation, and protein structure prediction. Future areas include personalized medicine, gene therapy, and drug development.

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    Bioinformatics is the intersection of computer science, biology, and statistics. It uses algorithms and techniques from computer science to analyze and manage biological data. The first protein sequence was determined in 1951, and the term "bioinformatics" was coined in 1970. Major advances include sequencing DNA in 1977 and completing the Human Genome Project in 2003. Bioinformatics plays a role in data generation, integration, analysis, and usage across molecular biology. Its applications include sequence assembly, genome annotation, and protein structure prediction. Future areas include personalized medicine, gene therapy, and drug development.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    36 views14 pages

    Lecture 1

    Uploaded by

    Bhawna Rathi
    Bioinformatics is the intersection of computer science, biology, and statistics. It uses algorithms and techniques from computer science to analyze and manage biological data. The first protein sequence was determined in 1951, and the term "bioinformatics" was coined in 1970. Major advances include sequencing DNA in 1977 and completing the Human Genome Project in 2003. Bioinformatics plays a role in data generation, integration, analysis, and usage across molecular biology. Its applications include sequence assembly, genome annotation, and protein structure prediction. Future areas include personalized medicine, gene therapy, and drug development.

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    Topic Name = Definition

    and History of
    Bioinformatics
    PICTORIAL OVERVIEW OF
    BIOINFORMATICS

    Biology

    Mathematics BIOINFORMATICS Statistics

    Computer
    Science
    WHAT IS “BIOINFORMATICS”..

    • The ‘intersection’ between computer science and molecular biology


    – The algorithm and techniques of computer science are being used to solve
    the problems faced by molecular biologists

    • ‘Information technology applied to the management and analysis of biological


    data’
    – Storage and Analysis are two of the important functions – bioinformaticians
    build tools for each.
    – Bioinformatics can be defined as the use of computers for the acquisition,
    management, and analysis of biological information. It exists at the
    intersection of molecular biology, computational biology, clinical medicine,
    database computing, the Internet, and sequence analysis.
    HISTORY OF BIOINFORMATICS
    • First complete protein sequence was determined
    19 by Frederick Sanger known as bovine insulin.
    51
    • Margaret Dayhoff established the ATLAS of protein
    19 sequences which became the base for PIR
    65
    • The term BIOINFORMATICS was coined by Paulin
    19 Hogeweg & Ben Hesper
    70
    HISTORY OF BIOINFORMATICS
    • Sequencing DNA by Frederick
    19 Sanger.
    77

    19 • Human Genome Project started.


    90
    • Human Genome Project
    20 completed.
    03
    Central Paradigm in Molecular Biology

    DNA mRNA Protein

    21ST century

    Genome Transcriptome Proteome


    RECAPPING BIOINFORMATICS

    • Bioinformatics is redefining rules and scientific


    approaches, resulting in the ‘new biology’. Within this
    new paradigm the traditional scientific boundaries are
    blurred, leaving no clear line between ‘dry or
    computational’ and ‘wet-based’ approaches.
    ROLE OF BIOINFORMATICS

    DATA GENERATION AND DATA INTEGRATION DATA USAGE AND THE SCIENTIFIC TECHNOLOGICAL
    VALIDATION. AND FUSION. USAGE INTERFACING. RESPONSIBILITY TO RESPONSIBILITY TO
    DEVELOP THE MANAGE AND
    UNDERLYING INTEGRATE HUGE
    COMPUTATIONAL AMOUNTS OF
    CONCEPTS AND HETEROGENEOUS DATA
    MODELS TO CONVERT SOURCES FROM HIGH
    COMPLEX BIOLOGICAL THROUGHPUT
    DATA INTO USEFUL EXPERIMENTATION
    BIOLOGICAL AND
    CHEMICAL
    KNOWLEDGE
    APPLICATIONS OF
    BIOINFORMATICS
    Sequence
    assembly

    10
    Genome
    annotation

    11
    Protein
    structure
    prediction
    Protein
    docking

    12
    ADVANCEMENTS & FUTURE
    APPLICATIONS

    • Molecular medicine: From Human Genome Project Data Base we can


    search for the genes directly associated with different diseases and
    understand the molecular basis of these diseases more clearly. This new
    knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of disease will enable better
    treatments, cures and even preventative tests to be developed.
    • Personalized medicine: Clinical medicine will become more personalized
    with the development of the field of pharma-co-genomics. This is the study
    of how an individual's genetic inheritance affects the body's response to
    drugs. In future, doctors will be able to analyse a patient's genetic profile
    and prescribe the best available drug therapy and dosage from the
    beginning.
    • Gene therapy: Gene therapy is the approach used to treat, cure or even
    prevent disease by changing the expression of a persons genes. In the not
    too distant future, the potential for using genes themselves to treat disease
    may become a reality.
    CONTD.

    • Drug development: With an improved understanding of


    disease mechanisms and using computational tools to
    identify and validate new drug targets, more specific
    medicines that act on the cause, not merely the
    symptoms, of the disease can be developed.
    • Evolutionary studies: The sequencing of genomes from
    all three domains of life, eukaryota, bacteria and archaea
    means that evolutionary studies can be performed in a
    quest to determine the tree of life and the last universal
    common ancestor.

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