This document provides an overview of echocardiography, including:
1. The basics of cardiac anatomy, common heart diseases, echo modes, and its utility.
2. Descriptions of echo windows and how they are used to visualize different structures of the heart.
3. Explanations of various echo modes like 2D, M-Mode, Doppler, and emerging techniques.
4. How echo is used to evaluate cardiac function through measurements like ejection fraction.
5. Applications of echo like stress echo and uses of contrast and trans-esophageal echo.
6. Product profiles of the Vivid P3 and Vivid e echo machines.
This document provides an overview of echocardiography, including:
1. The basics of cardiac anatomy, common heart diseases, echo modes, and its utility.
2. Descriptions of echo windows and how they are used to visualize different structures of the heart.
3. Explanations of various echo modes like 2D, M-Mode, Doppler, and emerging techniques.
4. How echo is used to evaluate cardiac function through measurements like ejection fraction.
5. Applications of echo like stress echo and uses of contrast and trans-esophageal echo.
6. Product profiles of the Vivid P3 and Vivid e echo machines.
This document provides an overview of echocardiography, including:
1. The basics of cardiac anatomy, common heart diseases, echo modes, and its utility.
2. Descriptions of echo windows and how they are used to visualize different structures of the heart.
3. Explanations of various echo modes like 2D, M-Mode, Doppler, and emerging techniques.
4. How echo is used to evaluate cardiac function through measurements like ejection fraction.
5. Applications of echo like stress echo and uses of contrast and trans-esophageal echo.
6. Product profiles of the Vivid P3 and Vivid e echo machines.
This document provides an overview of echocardiography, including:
1. The basics of cardiac anatomy, common heart diseases, echo modes, and its utility.
2. Descriptions of echo windows and how they are used to visualize different structures of the heart.
3. Explanations of various echo modes like 2D, M-Mode, Doppler, and emerging techniques.
4. How echo is used to evaluate cardiac function through measurements like ejection fraction.
5. Applications of echo like stress echo and uses of contrast and trans-esophageal echo.
6. Product profiles of the Vivid P3 and Vivid e echo machines.
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BASICS OF
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY • Cardiac anatomy – structures • Diseases of the heart • Echo and its various modes • Features and it’s utility • Product positioning and pitch CARDIAC ANATOMY FROM THE LUNGS 4 PULMONARY SUPERIOR VEINS VENACAV INFERIOR A VENACAV A RIGHT LEFT ATRIUM ATRIUM LA RA FROM TRICUSPID MITRAL THE VALVE VALVE BODY TV MV RIGHT LEFT VENTRICLE VENTRICLE RV LV ( PUMP ) 2 PULMONARY PULMONIC VALVE / AORTIC VALVE / AV ARTERIES PV AORTA LUNGS REMEMBER : IT’S ALWAYS 4!! 4 CHAMBERS, 4 VALVES TO THE 2
BODY DISEASES OF THE HEART
CORONARY HEART VALVULAR HEART CONGENITAL HEART
DISEASE DISEASE DISEASE
• “Heart attacks” Diseases affecting either Diseases due to
of the 4 valves : developmental • High bp abnormality of the fetal • Stenosis or • High cholesterol heart : ‘narrowing’ • Diabetes • ‘Holes’ in the heart – • Regurgitation or ASD, VSD ‘leak’ • Abnormal connections
A fourth type is called ‘Disorders of Rhythm’
also exists – pertaining to rhythm and rate abnormalities, where ECG is the main diagnostic tool; little use of Echo Wh ECHO + CARDIO + GRAPHY at i sE ?? c ho US + HEART + RECORDING REFLECTIONS
Heart 4 ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC ‘WINDOWS’ Unlike the liver or kidneys, the Heart is covered by bones (ribs). Bones hinder US penetration, hence the heart can be seen from only some areas called ‘Windows’ – as they allow us to visualize the heart.
5 GE Title or job number 01/23/2024 Trans-Thoracic SUPRASTERNA Echo Windows L
PARASTERNA L
APICA REMEMBER: L 4 CHAMBERS, SUBCOSTAL 4 VALVES, 4 WINDOWS ! 6 GE Title or job number 01/23/2024 PARASTERNAL WINDOW
12 GE Title or job number 01/23/2024 OTHER WINDOWS SUBCOSTAL WINDOW SUPRASTERNAL WINDOW • Most useful in kids • Mainly used for ASD • Used to see the aorta
13 GE Title or job number Basics of Echocardiography 01/23/2024 ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY MODES 1. 2D / B-MODE 2. M-MODE / MOTION MODE 3. COLOUR DOPPLER 4. SPECTRAL DOPPLER – PW AND CW DOPPLER 5. TISSUE DOPPLER IMAGING 6. PARAMETRIC IMAGING – TVI, TT, TSI, STRAIN, AFI 7. 3D / 4D ECHO
14 EJECTION FRACTION ( EF ) • Tells us about the Systolic function or contractility of the heart • If 100 ml blood is present in LV, out of which 55 ml of blood is pumped into the Aorta, then the EF is 55% • Normal is upto 55 – 60 % • Most important result in any Echo report • Many ways of assessing EF – eyeballing, M- mode and AMM, Simpson’s, AutoEF, 4D EF 15 Basics of Echocardiography M - MODE
• Used to make measurements
• EF calculation
16 Basics of Echocardiography COLOUR DOPPLER
17 Basics of Echocardiography SPECTRAL DOPPLER PW (PULSED WAVE) DOPPLER: CW (CONTINUOUS WAVE) DOPPLER: • Measures a point sample • Measures a line sample • Used for low velocities • Used for high velocities
18 GE Title or job number 01/23/2024 TISSUE DOPPLER IMAGING
• PW Doppler technique • Used to assess diastolic function (relaxation)
19 Basics of Echocardiography PARAMETRIC IMAGING TOOLS – TVI, TT, TSI, STRAIN, Q-ANALYSIS AND AFI
20 GE Title or job number 01/23/2024 3D / 4D ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
21 GE Title or job number 01/23/2024 ANATOMICAL M-MODE • For patients with oblique views
• Helps to rotate the
cursor to obtain perpendicular cut
• For accurate EF measurements
22 GE Title or job number 01/23/2024 STRESS ECHO • Done as either Exercise (Treadmill) stress or Pharmacological (Dobutamine) stress. • To assess the function of the heart, when the heart is ‘stressed’ due to exercise or medicines. • Demand v/s Supply
23 Basics of Echocardiography TRANS-ESOPHAGEAL ECHO (TEE) • TEE probe inserted via mouth
• To assess posterior structures of the heart, not seen in Trans-thoracic Echo
• In the OT / Cathlab
24 LVO CONTRAST • Injection of contrast agent
• Helps visualise LV borders very well
• Used only by experts – ask your Doctor before you sell !! 25 Basics of Echocardiography 26 GE Title or job number 01/23/2024 Vivid P3 Value with maximum impact Value & Performance • Based on Truscan flexible PC based • Network architecture • 4x USB • Virtual Apex, AMM, and onboard Raw • 3x Video Data analysis (Comp., • Spectral Tissue Doppler SVHS, VGA) • Stress Echo and LVO Contrast • 2x power
Efficient & Reliable
• ATO/ASO and Auto TGC Outputs (backside) • Large output options: Network, 4x USB, 3x Video (Comp., SVHS, VGA), 2x power • Sleek and Streamlined , lightweight design 80kg • Premium connectivity: USB Drives and Network “Quicksave”, MPEGVue, CV DICOM SR • Report Designer and flexible USB HDD based Data Management • InSite with Express Connection
Multi-Specialist Vivid • Supports Cardiac /Vascular /Abdominal /OB/ Gyn Cardio Vascular & Shared Services • Vascular Compound, Virtual convex, B Steer, easy 3D OB Vivid e High performance quality, low capital investment Remarkable • Based on Truscan flexible PC based architecture • CV functionalities with Vivid 7 Stress Echo template, Contrast LVO, TDI, TEE and antero/Posterior IMT measurements support, Auto IMT: Anterior and Shared Service and Vascular support Optimization - ATO, ASO and AMM Posterior Standard Wall Measurement • Shared Service functionalities with work horse 9L and 8C probes • Comprehensive connectivity and Mpegvue TEE (6Tc-RS) support Portable • 4.5kg- truly ultra-portable • Rapid power up time <20sec for Emergency • Quick battery re-charge Leverage Vivid 7 Stress Echo template • Easy image store/review- eSmart Trainer • Onboard Raw Data analysis • Wireless DICOM
Affordable • Innovative and flexible eSmart Trainer module • Special designed Docking Cart
Turn Laptop to Console
Vivid S5 - Signature Class Performance • TruScan RawData Architecture • High End Image Quality • High Frame Rates > 500FpS • Smart Depth • Realtime Anatomical M-Mode • TVI, TT integrated Quantification • AutoEF quantification • LVO Contrast • Adult and Pediatric TEE • Stress-Echo • ATO & ASO – Automatic Optimization • Vascular / Abdominal / Pediatric Applications High End Cardiac Performance Bring your patients into focus Gold Standard Vingmed Doppler
Color Doppler
Spectral Doppler
30 GE Title or job number 01/23/2024 High End Cardiac Performance Advanced functionality
High Frame Rate TVI Tissue Tracking TVI Velocity Quantification
Up to 300 Fps Displacement M-Mode Tissue Tracking Quantification Quantify in EchoPAC Real Time Up to 8 Cursor / Curves Event timing with AVO, AVC, MVO and MVC
31 GE Title or job number 01/23/2024 AutoEF Automatic EF Quantification • Based 2D Speckle tracking algorithm • Easy to use • Quick Potential Benefits: • Higher Reproducibility • Lower Inter-observer variability Confidence in the AutoEF algorithm: • Based on (biplane) Simpson • Has several inherent quality checks • Is clinically used since > 3 years • Last responsibility is on the user" Volumes, EF Hemodynamic values CO, SV, HR
32 GE Title or job number 01/23/2024 HAPPY SELLING !! ALL THE BEST TEAM!
