Weaving

Weaving is a method of textile production in

which two distinct sets of yarns or threads are
interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or
cloth. Other methods are knitting, crocheting,
felting, and braiding or plaiting. The
longitudinal threads are called the warp and
the lateral threads are the weft, woof, or
filling. (Weft is an old English word meaning
"that which is woven"; compare leave and
left.) The method in which these threads are
inter-woven affects the characteristics of the
cloth.
 Weaving Method
1. Textile Weaving
This refers to the process of
creating cloth by interweaving a
series of parallel vertical threads
with another series of horizontal
threads at right angles.
Tnalak (also spelled tenalak), is a weaving
tradition of the Tboli people of South
Cotabato,
Philippines. T'nalak cloth is woven
exclusively by women who have received
the designs for
the weave in their dreams, which they
believe are a gift from Fu Dalu, the T'boli
Goddess of
abacá.
[
Textil
 2. Mat Weaving
This refers to the art of
"plaiting strips of organic
fibers into mats". These mats,
locally known as banig, are
cool, light, and portable
compared to fixed beds.
 A baníg (pronounced [bɐˈnɪɡ] buh-NIG) is a
traditional handwoven mat of the
Philippines
predominantly used as a sleeping mat or a
floor mat. Depending on the region of the
Philippines,
the mat is made of buri
(palm), pandanus or reed leaves. The leaves
are dried, usually dyed,
then cut into strips and woven into mats,
which may be plain or intricate.
 3. Basketry
This refers to the art of
creating containers by
weaving, plaiting, or braiding
materials into hollow three-
dimensional shapes that can
either be used for carrying,
storage and trapping animals.
 Basket weaving
Basket weaving (also basketry or basket
making) is the process of weaving or sewing
pliable
materials into three-dimensional artifacts,
such as baskets, mats, mesh bags or even
furniture.
Craftspeople and artists specialized in
making baskets may be known as basket
makers and
basket weavers. Basket weaving is also a
rural craft.
 4. Kalakat Weaving
The process used on the oil palm fronds into
finished product is thru pruning the green
stalk, then splitting and cleaning the fronds,
drying, weaving and cutting or trimming the
edges.
Kalakat sheets are primarily used as a cheap
but durable construction material. It is a
preferred material for housing and resort
cottages because of its cool and insulator
characteristic. It is environment friendly as it
utilizes basically material. an agricultural
waste
Kalakat is famous in Mindanao
that is useful in many ways like
ceiling and walling in a
traditional house of the
Indigenous Peoples (IPs).
Nowadays, it is used not only
by the IPs but the common
residents as well.
Amakan, also known as sawali in the
northern Philippines, is a type of traditional
woven splitbamboo mats used as walls,
paneling, or wall cladding in the Philippines.
They are woven into
various intricate traditional patterns, often
resulting in repeating diagonal, zigzag, or
diamond-like
shapes. The term "sawali" is more properly
defined as twilled weaving patterns.
 The term can
also be applied to baskets and banig
(soft woven mats made from pandan
leaves, buri palm
straw, abaca, or sedges), which also use
the same weaving patterns. Amakan
panels are
commonly confused with pawid (nipa
panels), which are made from thatched
leaves.
Sculpturing

From the transitional carving of anitos to the santos

to Christ and down to the saints, Filipinos find it
rather not difficult as they are already familiar with
the ways of the wood.

It is a branch of the visual arts that operates in three

dimensions. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable
sculptural processes originally used carving and
modelling; in stones, metals, ceramics, woods and
other materials but,
since Modernism, there has been
an almost complete freedom of
materials and process. In contrast
to painting, sculpture has three
dimensions - height, width, and
depth. It is created by either
carving, modelling, or assembling
parts together.
General Kinds of Sculpture

1. Free-standing

This is a kind of sculpture that can

independently stand in space. It has a flat
horizontal base. All its sides contribute to
the overall form of the sculpture.
A statue is a free-standing sculpture in which
the realistic, full-length figures of persons or
animals are carved or cast in a durable material
such as wood, metal or stone. Typical statues
are life-sized or close to life-size; a sculpture
that represents persons or animals in full figure
but that is small enough to lift and carry is a
statuette or figurine, whilst one more than
twice life-
size is a colossal statue.
2. Relief

This kind of sculpture does not have a flat

horizontal base. The form is projected from a
flat surface. There are two types of relief-low
relief or bas-relief which is slightly from the
flat surface; and high relief. Cagayan de Oro's
Legendary River Monster is an example of
relief sculpture.
There are different degrees of relief depending
on the degree of projection of the sculpted
form
from the field, for which the Italian and French
terms are still sometimes used in English.

The full range includes high relief (Italian alto-

rilievo, French haut-relief), where more than
50% of the depth is shown and there may be
undercut areas, mid-relief (Italian mezzo-
rilievo),
low relief (Italian basso-rilievo, French: bas-
relief), and shallow-relief (Italian rilievo
schiacciato),[3] where the
plane is only very slightly lower than the
sculpted elements. There is also sunk relief,
which was
mainly restricted to Ancient Egypt (see below).
However, the distinction between high relief
and
low relief is the clearest and most important,
and these two are generally the only terms
used to
discuss most work
3. Assemblage
This sculpture is formed by
putting together materials such
as found objects, pieces of
paper, sponges, wood scraps,
and other materials. A good
example of this is Lamberto
Hechanova's Man and Woman.
4. Kinetic Sculpture

This is considered as a sculpture

in motion because the entire
sculpture or some parts of the
sculpture are moving with the
wind or are vibrating with the
surrounding air.
5. Welded Sculptures

Creating these sculptures

involve the process of
connecting sheets of metal
together by using an
acetylene or electric torch.
6. Use of Glass

A kind of sculpture where the

medium of expression used by
the artist is glass,
7. Symbolic Sculpture

It is a kind of sculpture in which

an abstract idea is represented
by means of allegory and
personification.
Thank you!