Introduction To Juvenile Delinquency Prevention

INTRODUCTION TO
JUVENILE DELINQUENCY
PREVENTION
MINOR
 This refers to any
person whose age is
seventeen (17)
years old and
below.
 juvenile, child, and
youth
COMMITTED BY A CHILD OR MINOR
 The age of majority in

the Philippines is
eighteen (18) years old.
 This is provided by RA
6809, the law that
lowered the age of
majority from twenty-
one (21) to eighteen (18)
years old.
CHILD DEVELOPMENT
Definition:
 Change in the child that occurs over
time. Changes follow an orderly
pattern that moves toward greater
complexity and enhances survival.
Periods of development:
 Prenatal period: from conception to
birth
 Infancy and toddlerhood: birth to 2
years
 Early childhood: 2-6 years old
 Middle childhood: 6-12 years old
 Adolescence: 12-19 years old
BRONFENBRENNER’S ECOLOGICAL MODEL
The microsystem - activities and
interactions in the child's immediate
surroundings: parents, school, friends,
etc.
The mesosystem - relationships among
the entities involved in the child's
microsystem: parents' interactions with
teachers, a school's interactions with
the daycare provider
The exosystem - social institutions
which affect children indirectly: the
parents' work settings and policies,
extended family networks, mass media,
community resources
The macrosystem - broader cultural
values, laws and governmental resources
The chronosystem - changes which occur
during a child's life, both personally,
like the birth of a sibling and some
other cultural factors.
What is Juvenile Justice
System ?
is the segment of the justice
system; including police, courts, and
corrections designed.
- and its goal was to treat juveniles

rather than to punish them for their
transgressions. Youths were seen as
redeemable and fundamentally different than
hardened adult criminals.
THERE ARE FOUR (4) MAIN ISSUES
INFLUENCING YOUTHS;
 poverty
 family
urban
problems

decay
 inadequate
education
R.A. 10630, amending R.A. 9344
“An Act Strengthening the
Juvenile Justice System in
the Philippines”
CHILD EXEMPT FROM CRIMINAL
RESPONSIBILITY
 A child fifteen (15) years of age or under at the time of
the commission of the offense.
A child is deemed to be fifteen (15) years of age on the

day of the fifteenth anniversary of his/her birthdate.
Note: Exemption from criminal liability does not

include exemption from civil liability
ESTABLISHMENT OF ‘BAHAY PAG-
ASA’
 Each province and
highly-urbanized city
(the LGUs) shall be
responsible for
building, funding and
operating a ‘Bahay
Pag-asa’ within their
jurisdiction following
the standards that
will be set by the
DSWD and adopted
by the JJWC
BAHAY PAG-ASA
A 24-hour child-caring
institution established funded
and managed by local
government units (LGUs) and
licensed and/or credited non-
governmental organizations
(NGOs) providing short-term
residential care for children in
conflict with the law who are
above fifteen (15) but below
eighteen (18) years of age who are
awaiting court disposition of their
cases or transfer to other agencies
or jurisdiction.
Intensive Juvenile Intervention and Support
Center (IJISC)
 Every ‘Bahay Pag-asa’ will have a facility

called the IJISC. This Center will be
allocated for children in conflict with the
law (CICL) found to have committed
serious crimes, repeat offenses, and
have been found to be
neglected, or abused abandoned, parents byor
guardian.
Intervention and Assistance to the Victim of the
offense committed and Family of the CICL and Victim
 The victim of the offense committed by a child and

the victim’s family shall be provided with appropriate
assistance and psychological intervention by
LSWDO, DSWD and other concerned agencies.
 The parents of the child in conflict with the law may

be required by the court to undergo counseling or
other intervention, based on the recommendation of
the multi-disciplinary team of the IJISC, the LSWDO,
or the DSWD.
Inclusion in the LGUs Annual Budget an Allocation
for the Local Juvenile Intervention Program
 The LGUs expected expenditures on the local

juvenile intervention program for children at
risk and children in conflict with the law shall
be included in the LGUs annual budget.
 Highly-urbanized cities and provincial

governments should include a separate budget
for the construction and maintenance of the
‘Bahay Pag-asa’ including the operation of the
IJISC within the ‘Bahay Pag-asa’.
THANK YOU
LECTURE
ON
INTRODUCTION TO CJS
ORIGINS OF THE
CRIMINAL JUSTICE
SYSTEM
The community pillar is the informal part, as it is
not part of the official government.
All of the pillars play very important and crucial

roles in making the criminal justice system work,
effectively combating and reducing crimes.
GOALS OF THE CRIMINAL
JUSTICE SYSTEM
The goals of the criminal justice system appears
to be obvious: the prevention and control of crime.
The criminal justice system operates to
apprehend, prosecute, convict, and punish
those members of the community who do not live
according to law.
These functions are enhanced by the effect that

sanctions imposed on one person have on the
general population; that is, by observing the
consequences of criminal behavior, others may be
encouraged to live according to the law.
Finally, it must be recognized that society can
prevent and control crime only within the framework
of law.
Criminal law defines what is illegal, and
prescribes the procedures that officials must use at
any attempt to achieve these goals.
The rights of citizens are carefully outlined in the
law.
In many places, one can see the goals of the
criminal justice system being actively pursued.
While the images of the pillars of the criminal
justice system exemplify the broadly stated goals,
they also point to nuances of meaning in the
definition of these goals.
related to the achievement of these goals.
Value conflicts occur among the competing
measures of effectiveness and operational styles.
The goals of the criminal justice system also

include crime prevention—that is, preventing or
deterring criminal behavior.
Deterrence means two things:
 deterring offenders from committing further
crime (special deterrence)
deterring the public from committing crime in
the first place (general deterrence)
With regard to the value choices that influence
STAGES OF THE CRIMINAL
JUSTICE SYSTEM
The stages of the criminal justice system process
are designed to ensure that innocent people are
not convicted and law enforcement officials do not
abuse their power.
The majority of cases do not proceed past the
preliminary review stage, and only a small
percentage of arrests ends in convictions.
The criminal justice system is composed of five

phases.
Every criminal case may potentially flow through
all the five phases, though most do not.
In the first phase, called entry into the system,
citizens bring criminal events to the attention of the
police.
The police, by investigating the cases and
identifying the suspect, play a crucial role.
The judiciary participates by issuing search and
arrest warrants.
The second phase, that is, prosecution and pre-

trial services, is dominated by government lawyers
called prosecutors, who prepare the charges, and
judges, who conduct series of hearings, including
initial appearance of an arrested person in court.t a
The third phase, adjudication, begins with the
arraignment, at which the officially accused person
pleads to the indictment or information against him
or her, and ends with a judgment of guilty or not
guilty.
This phase is conducted by a judge.
The prosecutor, representing the state and the
people, and the defense lawyer play the most
active roles in this phase.
The fourth phase consists of sentencing and

sanctions.
The judges impose the sentences, usually after
hearing a pre-sentence investigation report
Prosecutors, defense lawyers, and defendants
have their say; and in most countries, the victim
as well.
The fifth and final phase, corrections, is in the

hands of the executive branch of government.
This is where the Bureau of Corrections
(BuCor) executes the sentence imposed by the
court.
When called upon to do so, courts play a
considerable role in ensuring compliance with law
in the correctional phase.

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INTRODUCTION TO

 The age of majority in

- and its goal was to treat juveniles

A child is deemed to be fifteen (15) years of age on the

Note: Exemption from criminal liability does not

 Every ‘Bahay Pag-asa’ will have a facility

 The victim of the offense committed by a child and

 The parents of the child in conflict with the law may

 The LGUs expected expenditures on the local

 Highly-urbanized cities and provincial

All of the pillars play very important and crucial

These functions are enhanced by the effect that

The goals of the criminal justice system also

The criminal justice system is composed of five

The second phase, that is, prosecution and pre-

The fourth phase consists of sentencing and

The fifth and final phase, corrections, is in the

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