Dbms Final

DBMS-The building block of
backend development.
Presented by:-
Akshat Jain(01411503122)
Anuvansh Kaushik(02711503122)
Raghav Garg(02911503122)
Shashank(01511503122)
"A Journey into DBMS Architecture, ER Model,
Relational Model, and SQL Basics"
THE SUBTITLE PROVIDES A ROADMAP FOR US,

OUTLINING THE KEY AREAS WE WILL EXPLORE
DURING THE PRESENTATION. EACH COMPONENT
MENTIONES—DBMS ARCHITECTURE, ER MODEL,
RELATIONAL MODEL, AND SQL BASICS—WILL BE
COVERED IN SUBSEQUENT SLIDES. THIS SETS THE
EXPECTATIONS AND GENERATES CURIOSITY ABOUT
THE VARIOUS ASPECTS OF DATABASE
FUNDAMENTALS THAT WILL BE DISCUSSED.
Introduction to Database Management
Systems (DBMS)
• Definition of DBMS:
• "A Database Management System (DBMS) is a sophisticated software suite designed to efficiently
store, organize, and manage data within a database."
• "It acts as an interface between the database and users or application programs, facilitating
seamless data operations."
• Purpose:
• "The primary purpose of a DBMS is to provide a systematic and organized approach to data
management."
• "It enables users to easily access, manipulate, and retrieve data, ensuring data consistency and
integrity."
• Importance:
• "In the digital age, where data is a critical asset for organizations, a DBMS plays a pivotal role in
handling large volumes of information."
• "It provides a structured environment for data storage, retrieval, and modification, contributing to
efficient decision-making and business processes."
• Example Scenario:
• "Consider a company managing customer information. A DBMS would help organize and secure
this data, allowing employees to quickly retrieve customer details, update records, and analyze
Components of DBMS Architecture
1.Database:
1. The foundation of the entire storage system.
2. Serves as the organized and structured storage for data.
3. Data is stored in tables, which consist of rows and columns.
2.DBMS Software:
1. Acts as the medium between users and the database.
2. Manages and controls access to the database.
3. Performs essential functions like data storage, retrieval, and manipulation.
3.Users:
1. Individuals or applications that interact with the database.
2. Users may include data entry personnel, analysts, and administrators.
3. Different users have varying levels of access and permissions.
4.Application Programs:
1. Software applications that utilize the data stored in the database.
2. These programs can be custom-built or commercial applications.
3. Examples include web applications, business software, and reporting tools.
5.Database Administrator (DBA):
1. Responsible for the overall management and maintenance of the database system.
2. Tasks include defining the database structure, setting access permissions, and ensuring data integrity.
3. Monitors and optimizes database performance.
Types of DBMS architectures
• Tier-1 Architecture:- The client, server
& DB all present on the same machine.
• Tier-2 Architecture:- App is partitioned into
2-components. Client machine, which
invokes DB system functionality at server
end through query language statements.
• Tier-3 Architecture:- App is

partitioned into 3 logical components.
Client machine is just a frontend and
doesn’t contain any direct DB calls.
Client machine communicates with
App server, and App server
communicated with DB system to
access data.
Entity-Relationship (ER) Model
"ER Model is a conceptual data model that represents entities, attributes, and relationships within a database.“
Key Concepts:
Entities (objects):
◦ Fundamental objects or concepts in the data model.
◦ Examples: Person, Product, Order.
Attributes (properties):
◦ Characteristics or properties that describe entities.
◦ Examples: Name, Age, Price.
Relationships (associations between entities):

◦ Connections or associations between different entities.
◦ Examples: "Works for" between Employee and Department.
Use of ER Diagrams:
Visual tools for modeling data structures.
◦ Representing entities as rectangles, attributes as ovals, and relationships as lines connecting entities.
◦ Provides a clear visual representation of how data elements are related within a system.
Example depicting types of attributes
Sample ER model for university
management system
Relational Model
The Relational Model organizes data into tables (relations) consisting of rows (tuples) and columns
(attributes).
Key Concepts:
Tables:
◦ Fundamental structures that hold data in the relational model.
◦ Examples: Customer table, Product table.
Rows (Tuples):
◦ Individual records or instances of data within a table.
◦ Each row represents a unique entry in the table.
Columns (Attributes):
◦ Fields or properties of the data stored in a table.
◦ Examples: CustomerID, Name, Email.
Example
Normalization in Relational
Databases
Purpose: "Normalization minimizes data redundancy and dependency issues."
Key Normal Forms:
1NF (First Normal Form):
◦ Ensures that each column in a table contains atomic (indivisible) values.
◦ Eliminates duplicate columns.
2NF (Second Normal Form):

◦ Builds on 1NF by addressing partial dependencies.
◦ Ensures that all non-key columns are fully functionally dependent on the primary key.
3NF (Third Normal Form):

◦ Extends normalization by addressing transitive dependencies.
◦ Ensures that non-key columns are not dependent on other non-key columns.
Benefits
Enhanced Data Integrity:
◦ Reduces data anomalies, ensuring accuracy and consistency.
Flexibility:
◦ Facilitates easier modification and adaptation of the database structure.
Performance:
◦ Optimizes query performance by eliminating redundant data.
Introduction to SQL
SQL is a language used to manage and manipulate relational databases.
Purpose: "Executing operations like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE in DB.“
MySQL HeatWave is the only MySQL database service for OLTP, OLAP, ML, and
Lakehouse. In this webinar, we will focus on the machine learning capabilities and
will explain why it makes it easy to create new ML models for your MySQL
applications.
MySQL HeatWave AutoML includes everything users need to build, train, deploy, and
explain machine learning models within MySQL HeatWave.
Basic Commands of MYSQL:
1. SELECT:
Retrieves data from one or more tables.
Example: SELECT * FROM Customers;
2. INSERT:
Adds new records to a table.
Example: INSERT INTO Products (ProductID, ProductName, Price) VALUES (1, 'Laptop', 1200);
3. UPDATE:
Modifies existing records in a table.
Example: UPDATE Customers SET Email = 'newemail@example.com' WHERE CustomerID = 1;
4. DELETE:
Removes records from a table.
Example: DELETE FROM Products WHERE ProductID = 1;
EXTENSIVENESS/SCOPE OF MYSQL
MySQL is a widely used open-source relational database

management system. To connect to a MySQL database,
you'll need a server or instance to host the database files
and a software client or application to connect to the server
and interact with the database. The connection process
involves specifying the server address, username,
password, and database name in a configuration file or
connection string. There are various libraries and tools
available for connecting to a MySQL database from different
programming languages and platforms.
TERMINAL OF MYSQL:
Bibliography
W3 schools (https://www.w3schools.com/)
Geeksforgeeks (https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/introduction-of-dbms-database-management-
system-set-1/)
Perplexity (https://www.perplexity.ai/)
Fundamentals of DataBase System by Ramez Elmasri

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DBMS-The building block of

THE SUBTITLE PROVIDES A ROADMAP FOR US,

• Tier-3 Architecture:- App is

Relationships (associations between entities):

2NF (Second Normal Form):

3NF (Third Normal Form):

MySQL is a widely used open-source relational database

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