FINAL REPORT

Solar panel installation in the campus and the problems being faced in the installation of the solar
panels.

INTRODUCTION:
Since the beginning of the time, people have been fascinated by the sun. Ancient
civilisation personified the sun,worshipping it as a God or Goddess.
Throughout the history farming and agriculture efforts have replied upon the sun’s rays to grow
crops and sustain populations.
Only recently, however have we develop the ability to harness the sun’s awesome power. The
resulting technologies have the promising implification for the future of renewable energy and
sustainability.
Since the beginning of time people we developed fascinated by the sun. Ancient civilizations
personified the sun worshipping it as God or Goddess. Throughout history, farming and agriculture
efforts have relied upon the sun’s ray to grow crops and sustain population.
Only recently however, we have developed the ability to harness the sun’s awesome power. The resulting
technologies have promising implications for the future of renewable energy and sustainability.

Since the beginning of the time people have been fascinated by the sun .Ancient civilizations personified
the sun,worshipping it as a God or Goddess. Throughout history farming and agriculture efforts have relied
upon the sun’s ray’s to grow crops and sustain populations.

Only recent, however, have we developed the ability to harness the sun’s awesome power. The
resulting technologies have promising implication for the future of renewable energy and sustainability.

The most crucial benefit of solar energy is the truly renewable source of energy. There is no
hazardous green house gas emission which are released in the atmosphere when you use solar power
system to create electricity.

Environmental consciousness acts as a natural nuclear reactor which releases tiny packets of
energy called photons travelling through 93 million miles from sun to Earth in 8.5minutes.
LITERATURE VIEW:
Our team has gone through lots of ideas. From different source of ways. We explored many books, interacted with many
books. So we can conclude that India is a country where solar power is a fast developing industry. The installed solar
capacity has reached 32.527GW as of 30 November 2019. India success story are proof through its compelling business
case is maximising the falling renewable technology costs as the key toward future energy decarburisation.

The most crucial benefit of solar energy is truly renewable source of energy. There are no hazardous
greenhouse gas emissions which are released in the atmosphere when you use solar power system to create electricity.

There are photons which hits the solar cells to knock electrons free from atom hence generating a
flow of electricity . Various cells together make up a solar panel while multiple panels wired together will result in a solar
trip array. Most of the solar panel made up using crystalline silicon solar cells.
Photovoltaic(PV) technologies have achieved commercial acceptance, technologies maturity and foresee a leading role in
a current energy. Transition of combat and adverse environmental issues posed by fossil fuels–based power generation.
The market of photovoltaic technology is rapidly evolving with a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) equal to 34%
between 2010 and 2020. This review presents updated information on the solar PV development from the
market ,material and engineering perspective. Cell efficiencies, market trends cost of PV students and global research
efforts over the last years are provided. Real monitored performances reveal a decrease of up to 10% of PV power output
due to soiling effects. This paper discusses soiling mitigation approaches, a critical technical pathway to improve the
power output of solar PV system. A particular emphasis was put into recent and novel experimental and numerical
investigations pursued by the PV research community related to heat management in PV systems.

Finally , critical challenges and prospects of the solar PV technologies are highlighted and discussion.
When people think about alternative or renewable energy , the first image that comes to mind is often large blue or black
solar panel on rooftops or portable highway signs that have been a small panel attached . These solar panels , also known
as photovoltaic effect (how sunlight is converted into electrical energy) was discovered over 100 years ago ! Yet
widespread implementation of this technology has been very gradual. Only in very recent years has photovoltaic gained
wide popularity as an alternative way to produce electricity.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Here in this segment we will discuss about procedures for installation of solar panels.
We want to thank Ramajeet Singh(Senior head of solar management in LPU) .
The most common location for the installation of solar PV panels in the roof . Most
roof typically have the desired specification for the installation , so that panels get the maximum sunlight.
Nevertheless , if installation of solar PV panels is the roof . The most roof rapidly typically if installation on
the roof if not applicable or desired . The solar panels could also be mounted on the ground . You just
need to make sure that there are no objects blocking the acess to the sun .

The following steps explain solar panel installation on a roof :

1. Set up scaffolding
Firstly , you have to erect scroffoling to ensure safety during the whole installation process when being
on the roof .

2. Install the solar panels

When the mounts are setup the solar panel itself has to be installed on the mounting structure . Make
sure to tighten up all the bolts and nuts so that it stays stable.

3. Install Solar Panel Mounts

Then the solar panel mounts system has to set up . This will support the base of the solar panel . The
whole mounting structure straight and have the angle between 18 to 36 degree to have maximum sunlight
exposure.
4 . Wire the solar panel
The next step in the installation process is to install the electrical wiring . In most cases , MCG connectors are
used because they are suited for all types of solar panels . Make sure to shut off the household’s electricity supply
during the wiring installation.

5. Install solar Inventor

After that the solar inventor must be connected to the system. It is typically installed near the main panel and it
could be both indoor and outdoor inverters are more efficient if kept in the cooler place .
If the inverter is outdoor then it should be kept away from the afternoon sun. If it is installed indoor the garage or
utility room are usually the best places since they stay cool for most of the years and have ventilation .

6. Bond solar inverter and Solar battery

Thereafter the solar inverter has to be connected to the solar battery . The solar battery storage can save you
from worrying about the lack and usable energy during cloudy times , it can also loose the solar battery storage
system costs during installation .
7. Connect the inverter and solar battery to the consumer unit
The inverter should be connected to the consumer unit to generate electricity. A generation meter
should also be connected to the consumer unit to generate electricity. A generation meter should also be
connected to monitor the amount of electricity the solar panels actually produce. You can use your
computer or other device to check your solar system’s performance. For example, you can check how much
electricity you generate at different times and decide what time is suitable for using your washing machine
or other utilities.

8. Start and Test Solar Panels

The final step is to switch the power on and test the newly installed solar panel system. After that the
solar panel installation process is completed.
SOLAR PANEL MANAGEMENT
Since there are no moving parts, solar panels require very little maintenance. Once you have
covered the installation cost of solar panels there are not many costs associated with maintaining them.

Having said that, you should inspect them a few times per year for dirt or some other things
that might have piled on top. It is important panels are clean and there is nothing blocking them from
efficiently absorbing the sun.

Before cleaning the panels yourself, you should consult with your installer about the warranty
conditions. Some solar panels manufactures could terminate the warranty if any self cleaning is done.
 For the general cleaning, you can just use a normal garden hose to wash the face of the panels. You
should do this in morning or in the evening . Also avoid spraying them with cold water while they are hot
because that might damage them .

Moreover, if the panels need some more cleaning that the hose cannot provide , you can use a
sponge with spray soapy water to scrub them. You can also get the services at a cleaning company . This is
advisable if the panels are to high or need more thorough cleaning.
You should have your system every 4-6 years by an installer.

It is also a good idea to ask your installer about specific maintenance requirements for your
solar system. IF you want to take the next step and get solar panels for your home, then look no future.
Fill in the contact form to compare up to 4 quotes from suppliers near you. GreenMatch’s service is free of
change and without further obligates.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:
The solar heating and cooling system is designed to satisfy the needs of space
heating , water heating ,and air conditioning loads for a family in a typical Kuwaiti house . The weather data
files for Kuwaiti is provided by Kuwait Institute For Scientific Research(2006). The weather file contains
monthly average value of daily radiation on horizontal surface, clearness index , ambient temperature and
wind speed . The weather data generator subroutine included in TRNSYS package is used to generate hourly
data from the available average monthly data for Kuwait.
The terminal performances of a solar system is usually measured by the solar function.
Solar fraction is defined as a fraction of load met by solar energy . Fig 28.3 shows the variation of the solar fraction
of space heating (FS). Domestic water heating (FD),and cooling load (FAC) as well as total score fraction(FT) with
collector area. As seen from the fig. a significant portion of the solar fraction for space heating and domestic year
water heating is satisfied at areas around 38m. Conversely the space cooling requires much greater areas.

The variation of total solar fraction, life cycle savings and overall system efficiency (ratio of solar
energy provided to the total incident radiation) with collector area is presented in fig.28.4. This totally figures shows
the choice of optimum collector area which is approximately equal tom 38m in this case . It is clear from the figure
that this optimum area neither corresponds to maximum systems efficiency nor to be maximum solar fraction.

The thermal performance of a solar system is usually measured by a solar fraction (F). Solar
fraction is defined as a fraction of log met by solar energy. Fig 28.3 shows the variation of solar fraction of space
heating , domestic water heating(FD), and cooling load(FT) as well as the total solar fraction (FT) with collector area.
As seem from the figure, a significance portion of the solar fraction for space heating and domestic water heating is
satisfied at area around 38m^2. Conversely, the space cooling requires much greater areas.

CONCLUSION:
After constant efforts by our team we reached to some conclusive outcomes. The solar heating
and cooling system is designed to satisfy .The need of space heating ,water heating and air conditional loads for a
family in a typical Kuwait house. The weather data files for Kuwaitis provided by Kuwait Institute for Scientific
Research(2006). The weather files contain monthly average values of daily radiation on horizontal surface , clearness
index, ambient temperature, and wind speed. The weather data generator subroutine included in TRNSYS package is
used to generate hourly data from the available average monthly data for Kuwait.

The variation of total solar fraction, life cycle savings and overall system efficiency (ratio of
solar energy provided to the total incident radiation)with collector area is presented in figure 28.4.
This typically figure shows the choice of optimum collector area which id approximately equal to 38m^2 in this case
.It is clear from this figure that this optimum area neither corresponds to maximum system efficiency nor to the
maximum solar fraction.

CONTRIBUTION OF CURRENT WORK IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS

Our project have potential to give support to sustainable development goals as we suggest to increase
the amount of use of renewable source of energy like solar energy . This will reduce the work load on
non-renewable source of energy and hence it will be helpful to achieve sustainability.