Unit 6: Geometry

6.3 Angles of Polygons

Today’s Goals
● Find the sum of interior angles of polygons and apply it to solve
problems
● State the sum of exterior angles of convex polygons and apply it to
solve problems

Extension
● Solve complex problems involving sum of interior and sum of
exterior angles of polygons
Rebus
Warm-up
Find the value of x in each giving reasons. (Hint: you can create variables,
make sure you label them on the diagrams)
a. b.
c.
Warm-up - Answers (1)
Find the value of x in each giving reasons

Method 1:
a. x = 60 + 55 (Exterior angle theorem)
x = 115˚

Method 2:
y = 180 – (60 + 55) (Triangle angle sum theorem)
y = 180 – 115
y
y = 65˚

x = 180 – 65 = 115˚ (Linear pair)

Warm-up - Answers (2)
Find the value of x in each giving reasons

Method 1:
b. y = 122 ÷ 2 (Exterior angle theorem/Isosceles ∆)
y = 61˚
y
z = 180 – 61 = 119˚ (Linear pair)
z y
x = 180 – (42 + 119) (Triangle angle sum theorem)
x = 180 – 161
x = 19˚
Warm-up - Answers (2)
Find the value of x in each giving reasons

Method 2:
b. a = 180 – 122 = 58˚ (Linear pair)

b b = (180 – 58) ÷ 2 (Triangle angle sum theorem/Isosceles ∆)

b = 61˚
c b a
c = 180 – 61 = 119˚ (Linear pair)

x = 180 – (42 + 119) (Triangle angle sum theorem)

x = 180 – 161
x = 19˚
Warm-up - Answers (3)
Find the value of x in each giving reasons

y = 180 – (55 • 2) (Triangle angle sum

c. theorem/Isosceles ∆)
y = 180 – 110
y y = 70˚

z z = 70˚ (alternate interior angles with y)

x = 180 – (70 • 2) (Triangle angle sum theorem/Isosceles ∆)

x = 180 – 140
x = 40˚
Polygons
 Polygon
Greek: Poly- "many“, -gon "angle"
Regular = sides/angles all equal

Exterior Angle
Hexagon

Interior Angle
Irregular Hexagon

Pentagon
Examples of
Polygons
Non-Examples Why aren’t these polygons?
of Polygons

Not all
straight lines
Folds in
on itself

The lines
don’t connect
 Concave vs.
Convex
Concave polygons – cave in on themselves
If any internal
angle is greater
than 180° then
the polygon is
concave.

Convex polygons – Do not cave in

No internal
angle can be
more than 180°.
 Which of these shapes are polygons?
Which are regular?
Which are irregular?
Can you name them? Regular
Irregular
3. Decagon
Regular Pentagon 4.
1. 2. Hexagon
Irregular
Octagon

5. 6. 7.
Irregular
Hexagon 8.

Regular
11. Octagon
10.
9. 12.
Regular
Regular
Triangle
Pentagon
Polygons
Define each of the following using this resource and draw an example in
your notebook:
● Polygon
● Regular Polygon
● Irregular Polygon
● Concave Polygon
● Convex Polygon
● Interior vs Exterior angles
● What are the names of the polygons? (up to a 12 sided polygon)

Go here to practice classifying polygons. Click the “Challenge Me” button.

Go here to quiz yourself on the names of polygons.

Interior and Exterior Angles of
Polygons Digital Investigation
Note: You can choose to do the digital investigation for the
interior angles of polygons or the
pencil and paper investigation. You must do the
digital investigation for the polygon exterior angle
discovery
Desmos: Polygon Interior Angle
Discovery (Pt. 1)
Go here
Desmos: Polygon Exterior Angle
Discovery (Pt. 2)
Go here
 Interior Angles of Polygons
Pencil and Paper Investigation
Note: You can choose to do the digital investigation for the
interior angles of polygons or the
pencil and paper investigation. You must do the
digital investigation for the polygon exterior angle
discovery
 1) Draw a line from the dot to each vertex (corner).
Finding the Sum of Interior Angles
2) Count how many triangles can be made from each shape.
3) Complete the table.

Total of
Name of Number of Number of Calculation
Sides (n) Triangles Interior
Shape
Angles

Triangle 3 1 1 × 180° = 180°

Quadrilateral 4 2 2 × 180° = 360°

Pentagon

Any
n
Polygon
What is the rule to find the sum of interior angles of a polygon?
Draw an irregular hexagon and an irregular octagon in your book.
Does the rule work for irregular polygons?
 1) Draw a line from the dot to each vertex (corner).
Finding the Sum of Interior Angles
2) Count how many triangles can be made from each shape.
3) Complete the table.

Name of Number of Number of

Answers Total of
Calculation Interior
Shape Sides (n) Triangles
Angles

Triangle 3 1 1 × 180° = 180°

Quadrilateral 4 2 2 × 180° = 360°

Pentagon 5 3 3 × 180° = 540°

Hexagon 6 4 4 × 180° = 720°
Heptagon 7 5 5 × 180° = 900°
Octagon 8 6 6 × 180° = 1080°
Nonagon 9 7 7 × 180° = 1260°
Decagon 10 8 8 × 180° = 1440°
Any (n−2) ×
n n−2
Polygon 180
What is the rule to find the sum of interior angles of a polygon?
Draw an irregular hexagon and an irregular octagon in your book.
Does the rule work for irregular polygons?
Polygons and Interior/Exterior
Angles
Go here for a summary of today’s lesson
Interior Angles of Polygons
Note: The following slides are all animated, make sure
you click the button
 We can see that any polygon can be divided into triangles.
The amount of triangles is two less than the number of sides (n).

Regular Pentagon Irregular Octagon

Total Interior Angles Total Interior Angles
= 3 × 180° = 540° = 6 × 180° = 1080°

The formula for any regular or irregular polygon is:

Sum of Interior Angles = (n−2) × 180

 How can we calculate the size of one interior angle
of a regular polygon?

Regular Pentagon Regular Decagon

Total Interior Angles Total Interior Angles
= (5 − 2) × 180° = 540° = (10 − 2) × 180° = 1440°

540° ÷ 5 = 108° 1440° ÷ 10 = 144°

The formula for an angle in any regular polygon is:

One Interior Angle = (n−2) × 180

n
Exterior Angles of Polygons
Note: The following slide is animated, make sure you
click the button
Exterior Angles of any Polygon
total 360°

Interior Angle + Exterior Angle = 180°

Worked Examples and Practice
Note: The following slides are all animated, make sure
you click the button
DEM Finding Angles in Irregular Polygons
O

135° 95°
100°
110°
125°

(6−2) × 180 = 720°

Interior Angles of a Hexagon Total 720°

720 − 95 − 110 − 125 − 100 − 135 = 155°

Sum of Interior Angles = (n−2) × 180

DEM Finding Angles in Irregular Polygons YOUR
O TURN

135° 95°
130°
100°
110°
125° 120° 125°

(6−2) × 180 = 720° (5−2) × 180 = 540°

Interior Angles of a Hexagon Total 720° Interior Angles of a Pentagon Total 540°

720 − 95 − 110 − 125 − 100 − 135 = 155° 540 − 130 − 90 − 125 − 120 = 75°

Sum of Interior Angles = (n−2) × 180

DEM Finding Angles in Irregular Polygons YOUR
O TURN

135° 95° 130° 160°

150° 120°
100°
110° 110° 110°
125° 150°

(6−2) × 180 = 720° (8−2) × 180 = 1080°

Interior Angles of a Hexagon Total 720° Interior Angles of an Octagon Total 1080°

720 − 95 − 110 − 125 − 100 − 135 = 155° 1080 − 110 − 150 − 130 − 160 − 120
− 110 − 150 = 150°

Sum of Interior Angles = (n−2) × 180

DEM Finding Angles in Irregular Polygons YOUR
O TURN

100°
135° 95°
95°
100°
110° 135° 175°
125°

(6−2) × 180 = 720° (7−2) × 180 = 900°

Interior Angles of a Hexagon Total 720° Interior Angles of an Heptagon Total 720°

720 − 95 − 110 − 125 − 100 − 135 = 155° 900 − 90 − 90 − 175 − 135 − 95 − 100 = 215°

Concave Heptagon
Sum of Interior Angles = (n−2) × 180
(1+ diagonals are outside the shape)
The ship wants to sail in a hexagon.
What is the total of the five turns?
How much is one turn?

60° 60°

60° 60°

60° 60°
The ship wants to sail in a pentagon.
What is the total of the five turns?
How much is one turn?
72°
72°

72°

72°
72°
① What is the size of this ② What is the size of this
exterior angle?
exterior angle?

③ A pentadecagon has 15 sides. ④ This is one vertex of a regular polygon.

How many sides does this polygon have?

What is the size of

each exterior angle?
18°
① What is the size of this ② What is the size of this
exterior angle?
exterior angle?

72° 45°
③ A pentadecagon has 15 sides. ④ This is one vertex of a regular polygon.
How many sides does this polygon have?

What is the size of

each exterior angle? 20 sides
18°
24°
Answers
Practice
● Mathopolis:
○ Interior Angles of Polygons
○ Exterior Angles of Polygons

● Transum:
○ Polygon Angles (try levels 1 - 3)

● Khan Academy:
○ Angles of a Polygon

● Quizizz:
○ Interior and Exterior Angles

● Math Games:
○ Interior Angles of Polygons
 Check the
Episode III: Angles of Polygons
OLP page for the Homework