Let’s have a drill!

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 SOLVING
QUADRATIC
EQUATION
Quadratic Equation
• It is a polynomial equation of the
second degree.
• General Form: , where .
• a cannot be equal to zero … It must
have a squared term ().
• Example:
• The solution to an equation (also called
the roots or zeros) is all the numbers
that make it true.
Quadratic Equation
• The degree tells us how many roots a
polynomial has.
• The roots may be real and/or complex.
• Real roots may be repeated, this is
multiplicity.
 STANDARD FORM OF
QUADRATIC EQUATION

Where: are real number

coefficient
 4 Different Methods of
Solving Quadratic Equation
1.Extracting Square Root
2.Factoring
3.Completing the Square
4.Quadratic Formula
 Why so many methods?
• Some methods will not work for
all equations.
• Some equations are much easier
to solve using a particular
method.
• Variety is the spice of life.
 Square Root Property
• If and then
or
• Example:
Solution:

It is important to
remember that there is
a positive and negative
square root of every
number.
 1. Square Root Method
• Applicable when the equation is in
the form:
• or
Example 2:

It is very
applicable when
bx is absent. ()
 1. Square Root Method
• Applicable when the equation
is in the form:
• or
Example 2:

and

2 real roots
 1. Square Root Method
• Applicable when the equation
is in the form:
• or
Example 3:

and

2 real roots
 1. Square Root Method
Note:

Example 4:

2 complex solutions
Try this!
 2. Solving Quadratic
Equations by
Completing the Square
 Perfect Square Trinomials
 Examples
 x2 + 6x + 9

 x2 - 10x + 25
 x2 + 12x + 36
 Creating a Perfect
Square Trinomial

 In the following perfect square

trinomial, the constant term is
missing.
X2 + 14x + ____

 Find the constant term by

squaring half the coefficient of
the linear term.
 (14/2)2
X2 + 14x + 49
Perfect Square Trinomials

 Create perfect
square trinomials.
 x2 + 20x + ___ 100
 x2 - 4x + ___
4
 x2 + 5x + ___
25/4
Solving Quadratic Equations
by Completing the Square
Solve the following
equation by
completing the x  8 x  20  0
2
square:

Step 1: Move
quadratic term, and
linear term to left x  8 x  20
2
side of the
equation
 Solving Quadratic Equations
by Completing the Square
Step 2: Find the term
that completes the square
x  8x 
2
=20 +
on the left side of the 1
equation. Add that term  (8)  4 then square it, 4 2  16
to both sides. 2

x  8 x  16  20  16
2
 Solving Quadratic Equations
by Completing the Square
Step 3: Factor
the perfect
square trinomial
on the left side
x  8 x  16  20  16
2

of the equation.
Simplify the
right side of the
equation.
 Solving Quadratic Equations by
Completing the Square
Step 4:
Take the ( x  4)  36
2
square
root of ( x  4)  6
each side
 Solving Quadratic Equations by
Completing the Square

Step 5: Set x  4  6
up the two
possibilities x  4  6 and x  4  6
and solve x  10 and x=2
 Completing the Square-Example #2

Solve the following

equation by completing
the square: 2 x  7 x  12  0
2

Step 1: Move quadratic

term, and linear term to
left side of the equation, 2 x  7 x  12
2
the constant to the right
side of the equation.
 Solving Quadratic Equations
by Completing the Square
2 x  7 x  =-12 +
2

Step 2: Find the term 2

    
that completes the square 2x 7x 12

on the left side of the 2 2 2
equation. Add that term
7
to both sides. x  x  6 
2
2
The quadratic coefficient
2
must be equal to 1 before 1 7 7  7  49
you complete the square, so  ( )  then square it,   
2 2 4  4  16
you must divide all terms
by the quadratic
coefficient first. 7 49 49
x  x
2
 6 
2 16 16
 Solving Quadratic Equations
by Completing the Square
Step 3: 7 49 49
Factor x  x
2
 6 
the perfect 2 16 16
square trinomial
2
on the left side
 7 96 49
of the equation.
x   
Simplify the
right side of the
 4 16 16
equation. 2
 7 47
x  
 4 16
 Solving Quadratic Equations by
Completing the Square
Step 4: 7 2 47
Take the (x  ) 
square
4 16
root of 7 47
each side (x  )  
4 4
7 i 47
x 
4 4
7  i 47
x
4
 Solving Quadratic Equations by
Completing the Square

Try the following examples. Do your work on your paper and then check
your answers.

1.  9, 7 
1. x  2 x  63  0
2

2.(6, 14)
2. x  8 x  84  0
2

3.  3,8 
3. x  5 x  24  0
2

 7  i 3 
4. x  7 x  13  0
2
4.  
 2 
5. 3 x 2 5 x  6  0
 5  i 47 
5.  
 6 
Solve this problem:
The area of the chess board is 900 . Find the length
of its side in centimeters.

Formula for the Area

of a Square
Complete the given solution for each equation.

1. 2.
+___
x+__ +__
________= x+__
________=

x=
x= x=
x=
COMMON MONOMIAL FACTORING

Polynomials Factored Form

2
2 𝑥 −8 𝑥 2 𝑥( 𝑥 − 4 )

8 𝑦 +20 𝑦
2
4 𝑦 (2+5 𝑦 )
 FACTORING THE DIFFERENCE OF
TWO SQUARES

Polynomials Factored Form

2
𝑦 − 64=¿ ( 𝑦 +8)( 𝑦 − 8)

81 𝑥 −16=¿ (9 𝑥 +4 )(9 𝑥 − 4)
2

Take Note:
 FACTORING PERFECT SQUARE
TRINOMIALS
Polynomials Factored Form

𝑦 − 6 𝑦 + 9=¿ ( 𝑦 − 3)( 𝑦 − 3)
2

2 (2 𝑟 −5)(2 𝑟 −5)
4𝑟 −20𝑟+25=¿
Take Note:
 FACTORING GENERAL
TRINOMIALS

Polynomials Factored Form

𝑦 + 8 𝑦 + 12=¿ ( 𝑦 +6)( 𝑦 +2)
2

2 𝑥 +3 𝑥 − 14=¿(2 𝑥+7 )( 𝑥 −2)

2

Take Note:
 3. Factoring Method
• Zero Factor Property

The product AB=0, if A=0 or B=0 or both A and B are equal to zero.

B =0
Where:
A *
and
 2. Factoring
• Basic Steps:
Method
1. Make the equation equal to zero,
2. Factor the non zero side
3. Set each factor equal to zero and solve.
It is best used when the quadratic equation is easily factorable.
It is important to remember that it is based on zero product
property and not all quadratics can be factored.
 Note: To check if the quadratic is factorable use the
discriminant formula () . If the result is perfect square
then it is factorable.

Example: Example:

a=1, b=-8, c=12 a=2, b=-13, c=12

or NOT FACTORABLE

FACTORABLE
 SOLVING BY FACTORING
Example 1: Example 2:
𝟐
𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐=𝟕 𝒙
𝟐
𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐=𝟕 𝒙
𝟐
𝒙 −𝟕 𝒙 +𝟏𝟐=𝟎
( 𝒙 − 𝟑 ) ( 𝒙 −𝟒 )=𝟎 𝒙 =𝟎 𝒙 =− 𝟒
𝒙 − 𝟑=𝟎 𝒙 − 𝟒=𝟎 Check:
𝒙 =𝟑 𝒙 =𝟒 If x=0 and
then,
Check:
If and x=3, then
0

1. Make the equation equal to zero,

2. Factor the non zero side
3. Set each factor equal to zero and solve.
 Solving Quadratic, 1 variable Equations
• So what about this one? You may feel like you should distribute...
But if you do, it does not help you solve
it...
𝑨 ∙ 𝑩=𝟎
𝒙 𝟐
+ 𝟑 𝒙 =𝟎 So let’s Start again. Notice that we already
have 2 factors that equal to zero. This is
already factored. We can use the zero

𝒙=𝟎 and 𝒙 +𝟑=𝟎

product property.
Separate the factors and make each equal
to zero. Now I have two that can be
𝒙=𝟎 and 𝒙=− 𝟑 solve.The 1st one is already done.

1. Make the equation equal to zero,

2. Factor the non zero side
3. Set each factor equal to zero and solve.
Solve Quadratic By Factoring
• Steps to factor a quadratic trinomial equation
where a=1.
1. Make it equal to zero.
2. Find two numbers whose product is c and whose sum is b.
3. Write the factors, fill in the numbers with the correct signs
(x )(x )

Example 4. Example 5.

(p )(p )=0
(p - 9 )(p - 8 )=0
or or

or or

Solution Set:
Solution Set:
Solve Quadratic By Factoring
Steps to factor a quadratic trinomial equation
where a>1.

1. Make it equal to zero

2. Factor out the GCF, if there is one
3. If a is now = 1 go on,
if a still >1 skip to step #6.
4. Find two numbers whose product is c and whose sum is b.
5. Write the factors, fill in the numbers
GCF: (x )(x )
Solve Quadratic By Factoring
Steps to factor a quadratic trinomial equation
where a>1.

6. Draw X and put a*c on top and b on the bottom.

7. Find 2 numbers whose product is the result of (a*c) and whose sum
is b.
8. Divide each side number by a, leave as a fraction.
9. Write each factor starting at the bottom
GCf: (denominatorx +numerator)(denominatorx +numerator)
10. Separate each factor and make = 0 and solve each.
Solve Quadratic By Factoring
Steps to factor a quadratic trinomial equation
where a>1.

Factor the Polynomial:

1. Factor out GCF ❑ 6 ❑
2 3 =
2. Draw X and put a*c on top 𝟑 5 𝟑
3. Put b on the bottom of X
4. Find 2 numbers whose product is 6 (a*c) and whose sum is
5 (b).
5. Divide each factors by a, leave as a fraction.
6. Write each factor starting at the bottom
GCf: (denominatorx +numerator)(denominatorx +numerator)
( 𝟑 𝒙+ 𝟐 ) (𝟏 𝒙 +𝟏 ) =𝟎
7. Separate each factor and make = 0 and solve each.
Solving Quadratic
Equations by the
Quadratic Formula
 The Quadratic Formula

Another technique for solving quadratic

equations is to use the quadratic formula.
The formula is derived from completing the
square of a general quadratic equation.

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics 45

The Quadratic Formula

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics 46

The Quadratic Formula

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics 47

 The Quadratic Formula

A quadratic equation written in standard

form, ax2 + bx + c = 0, has the solutions.

 b  b  4ac 2
x
2a

Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics 48

 The Quadratic Formula
Example
Solve 11n2 – 9n = 1 by the quadratic formula.
11n2 – 9n – 1 = 0, so
a = 11, b = -9, c = -1

9  (9)  4(11)( 1) 9  81  44 9  125

2
n   
2(11) 22 22
95 5
22
Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics 49
 The Quadratic Formula
Example
1 2 5
Solve x + x – = 0 by the quadratic formula.
8 2
x2 + 8x – 20 = 0 (multiply both sides by 8)
a = 1, b = 8, c = 20

 8  (8) 2  4(1)( 20)  8  64  80  8  144

x   
2(1) 2 2
 8  12 20 4
 or ,  10 or 2
2 2 2
Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics 50
 The Quadratic Formula
Example
Solve x(x + 6) = 30 by the quadratic
formula.
x2 + 6x + 30 = 0
a = 1, b = 6, c = 30
 6  (6) 2  4(1)(30)  6  36  120  6   84
x  
2(1) 2 2
−𝟔 ± 𝟐 𝒊 √ 𝟐𝟏
¿
So there is no real solution. 𝟐
Martin-Gay, Developmental Mathematics 51