4mt17ec081 Sagar Rao Salanke P

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MANGALORE INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY &

ENGINEERING
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified Institution)
(A Unit of Rajalaxmi Education Trust®)
Badaga Mijar, Moodbidri-574225

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION


ENGINEERING

SUBJECT - SEMINAR (17ECS86)


TOPIC - Density Based Traffic Signal System

BY: SAGAR RAO SALANKE P


USN: 4MT17EC081

UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF : Mr. Sanjeevi Kumar P


Assistant Professor
Department of ECE
Mangalore Institute of Technology & Engineering (MITE)
CONTENT

ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE
BLOCK DIAGRAM
FLOW CHART
HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
WORKING PRINCIPLE
APPLICATION
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
CONCLUSION
REFFERENCES
ABSTRACT

Traffic light control systems are widely used to control and to monitor the
transport system. They are mainly used to maintain a smooth traffic system
on the busiest roads of the city. However, the synchronization of multiple
traffic light systems at adjacent intersections is a complicated problem. We
are approaching with the concept of the volume control traffic system. Here
the traffic system is maintained based on the count of the cars. The number
of cars is to be counted by using the sensors.
OBJECTIVE

 When traffic demand is great enough that the interaction between


vehicles slows the speed of the traffic stream, these results in some
congestion. As demand approaches the capacity of a road extreme
traffic congestion sets in.

 Traffic congestion can lead to drivers becoming frustrated and


engaging in road rage. In order to avoid the congestion in the traffic,
Traffic Sign Recognition (TSR) is used. It is used to regulate traffic
signs, warn the driver, and command or prohibit certain actions.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
FLOW CHART
HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

• 8051 series Microcontroller


• LEDs
• Voltage Regulator
• Resistors
• Capacitors
• Crystal
• Diodes
• Transformer
• IR-LED & Photodiodes Sensors
• Transistor
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
WORKING PRINCIPLE

 The purpose of the system is to improve efficiency of existing automatic traffic


signalling system.

 The system will be image processing based adaptive signal


controlling.

 The timing will be calculated each time change automatically depending upon the
traffic load.

 Proposed system will functioning based on traditional system along with automated
signalling.
WORKING PRINCIPLE

 When there is no vehicle the IR ray is not obstructed and the photodiode
receives the IR light and starts conducting.

 The photodiode is coupled with transistors. Due to conduction the


corresponding transistor also starts conducting and thus the output is
high which send to the microcontroller.

 The microcontroller is programmed such that when it receives a logic


high signal from any lane it gives Red signal to that lane.
 Whenever the IR ray is obstructed by any vehicle the photodiode doesn't
receive the IR light and thus the corresponding transistor couldn't
conduct and cuts off giving a voltage low as output.
WORKING PRINCIPLE

 The microcontroller is programmed such that when it receives a


low signal it from a lane it will give Green signal to that particular
lane.

 Thus, the traffic system becomes flexible with traffic and controls
the traffic on different lanes based on the density.

 It is to prevent over waiting of vehicle in queue of other


lanes which would be found out experimentally.

 Controls of the signal will be routed through the


microcontroller.
APPLICATIONS
 Control traffic in metropolitan cities

 Emergency

 Edge detection

 First order edge detection

 Robert operator

 Controlling of signal lights


ADVANTAGES
 Avoids wastage of time due to the traffic.

 Fully automatic.

 Low power consumption.

 It provides the easy access in the traffic light.

 Low cost to design the circuit, maintenance of the circuit is


good.

 By using this microcontroller IC we can create many more


control to the appliances
DISADVATAGES

 Video based systems are much better compared to all other


techniques as they provide more traffic information.

 They are much more scalable with the progress in image progressing
techniques.

 The sensors which are used to quantify the traffic flow are very
expensive .

 It needs a lot of maintenance especially in developing countries


because of the road ground de-formations.
CONCLUSION
 The project may be very well used in where the traffic signals is kept and in many
other places where we need to full fill the need of the automation. In the future we
implement the project’s idea in the industries. By using this density based traffic
signal in future we can know traffic density in the city and so that remedies can be
made according to that.
REFERENCE

 IJSRD - "International Journal for Scientific Research & Development|" Vol.


4, Issue 11, 2017 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613

 "Intelligent Traffic Signal Control System Using Embedded System" by


Dinesh Rotake and Prof. Swapnili Kar More, "Innovative Systems Design
and Engineering, ISSN" 2222-1727 (paper) ISSN 2222-2871 (online), Vol. 3,
No. 5, 2012.

 "Measurement using Active RFID and GSM Technology" by Koushik


Mandal, Arindam Sen,
 Abhijnan Chakraborty and Siuli Roy, "IEEE Annual Conference on
Intelligent Transportation Systems", 2011.
 " International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and
Technology Volume 3, Issue 3, March 2014 Density Based Traffic Signal System" by
K.Vidhya, A.BazilaBanu.

 MartaSantos,Ricardo Lopes Pereira, António Brandão Leal,“GBUS - Route


GeoTracer”, 9781-4673-5029-7/12/$31.00©2012IEEE,DOI:
 10.1109/VTM.2012.6398697
 ViTran Ngoc Nha, Soufiene Djahel and John Murphy, “A Comparative Study of
Vehicles’ RoutingAlgorithms for Route Planning in Smart Cities”, 978-1-4673-
50297/12/$31.00©2012IEEE, DOI: 10.1109/VTM.2012.6398701.
 Rosamaria Elisa Barone, Tullio Giuffrè, Sabato Marco Siniscalchi, Maria Antonietta
Morgano, Giovanni Tesoriere, “Architecture for parking management in smart cities”,
IET Intell. Transp. Syst., 2014, Vol. 8, Iss. 5, pp. 445–452, doi:

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