Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 5 views

    Ch9 Tricardoxylic Acid Cycle Lecture

    Uploaded by

    aryanchaudhary77798

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Ch9 Tricardoxylic Acid Cycle Lecture

    Uploaded by

    aryanchaudhary77798
    5 views16 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    5 views16 pages

    Ch9 Tricardoxylic Acid Cycle Lecture

    Uploaded by

    aryanchaudhary77798

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 16

    Biochemistry is

    fun!!!

    La Bioquímica
    es divertida!!!
    Citric Acid Cycle (CAC)
    “Kreb Cycle”
    Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle

    2/3 of O2 consumption needed for


    oxidation of Acetyl CoA  CO2
    • Occurs exclusively in the
    mitochondrion (matrix)
    • OAA acts as carrier or acceptor
    of acetyl CoA units – is regenerated
    • “Burns” acetyl CoA to CO2 – during
    this oxidation eˉs from acetyl CoA
    are trapped in the form of:
    Pyruvate
    NADH
    FADH Pyruvate Dehydrogenase
    Complex “links”
    glycolysis to CAC

    + 2eˉ
    + 2eˉ

    + 2eˉ + 2eˉ

    GTP  ATP (substrate level


    phosphorylation)
    The Three Stages of Metabolism (H.A.
    Krebs)
    The Krebs Cycle
    Citric Acid Cycle; The TCA Cycle
    • Pyruvate (actually the acetyl group) from glycolysis is degraded
    to CO2
    – The acetyl group is formed in stage II of metabolism from
    carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism
    • 1GTP (ATP in bacteria) and 1 FADH2 is produced during one
    turn of the cycle
    • 3 NADH are produced during one turn of the cycle
    • NADH and FADH2 energize electron transport and oxidative
    phosphorylation
    • Eight reactions make up the Krebs cycle
    – If you are given the name of the enzyme, you should be able to draw
    the structure of the reactants and products
    – You may be given the names of all eight reactions and will be
    expected to reproduce the whole cycle
    Overview of the Krebs Cycle: A
    Mitochondrial Process
    Anatomy of the Mitochondrion

    • Which membrane is impermeable to


    protons and other ions?
    • Which membrane will allow for the
    transport of molecules up to a molecular
    weight of about 1000?
    Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Cytoplasm Pyruvate

    Multimolecular aggregate
    * Pyruvate transporter
    3 Enzymes
    5 Coenzymes
    5 Reactions * Pyruvate mito matrix

    Irreversible
    CoA contains the
    vitamin Pantothenic acid Links glycolysis to CAC

    Product Inhibition Mitochondrial matrix

    Coenzymes
    Thiamine Pyrophosphate (TTP)
    NAD+
    FAD+
    CoA
    Lipoic acid
    PDH Deficiency – results in Congenital Lactic Acidosis
    Pyruvate cannot enter the CAC and results in ↑ Lactic
    Acid
    Primarily affects the brain – neonatal death
    3 Forms – psychomotor retardation
    √ Possible treatment is ketogenic diet:
    Low in CHO CAC
    High in fats
    Produces ketone bodies as an alternate form of energy for the brain

    Arsenic Poisoning – Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Both require lipoic acid as a cofactor


    – -Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase
    Arsenite – Trivalent form of arsenic
    I° – Forms a stable complex with the thiol (-SH) group of Lipoic Acid
    II° – Glyceraldehyde 3-PO4 step forms complex with inorganic P i thus prevents ATP
    formation in glycolysis
    Affects the brain – Death, neurologic problems
    Skeletal muscle
    Contraction

    cAMP dependent
    √ Allosteric Regulation

    √ Allosteric
    Regulation
    Carrier
    Aldo condensation

    The entrance of acetyl CoA does


    not ↑ or ↓ intermediates in the CAC

    Fluorocitrate OA
    A
    Fluoroacetate

    Rat poison ( ¯)

    Oxidative decarboxylation
    ADP (+) e¯
    One of the rate limiting Rxs Irreversible (1)
    of the CAC
    ATP
    NADH¯
    Oxidative decarboxylation
    Very similar to the Irreversible (2)
    Pyruvate Dehydrogenase complex ( ¯ )
    ATP. GTP
    e¯ Succinyl CoA
    NADH
    From oxidation of
    odd number FAs
    ADP GDP
    “Substrate Level
    ATP
    Nucleoside Biphosphate Phosphorylation”
    Kinase

    Irreversible (3)
    e¯ Oxidation reaction

    Hydration reaction
    Reversible oxidation reaction

    e¯
    (4)
    Summary

    Regulation of the CAC


    Dependent on the energy state of
    the cell which is reflected by
    [ADP] [Pi]
    ratio
    [ATP]

    This ratio determines the rate of


    oxidative phosphorylation
    Named “Respiratory Control”
    of energy production because oxidation
    and phosphorylation of ADP must
    occur simultaneously
    Biochemistry is
    fun!!!

    La Bioquímica
    es divertida!!!

    You might also like