ACTIVITY 1

MY OWN SOUNDING BOX

Q1. What physical signs did you observe when you plucked
each band. Did you hear any sound? What produced the
sound?

ANSWER: The rubber bands vibrate when

plucked and sound could be heard. Sound is
produced by vibration of the rubber band.
 ACTIVITY 1
MY OWN SOUNDING BOX

Q2. How different are the sounds produced by each rubber

band with different thickness?

ANSWER: The sound produced by each rubber

band is different from the others. The thicker the
rubber band, the louder the sound produced. The
thicker the rubber band, the lower the tone.
 ACTIVITY 1
MY OWN SOUNDING BOX

Q3. Are there changes in the note when you plucked

the stretched band?

ANSWER: When the rubber bands are

stretched then plucked, the pitch increases.
 ACTIVITY 1
MY OWN SOUNDING BOX

Q4. Arrange the rubber bands in sequence from the highest

note to the lowest note produced.

ANSWER: Highest note- thinnest, Lowest note

- thickest
 ACTIVITY 1
MY OWN SOUNDING BOX

TOTAL SCORE = 8
 Activity 2
My spectrum wheel

Q1. How are frequency and wavelength related for

a specific region of the spectrum?

ANSWER: While the frequency increases,

the wavelength decreases.
 Activity 2
My spectrum wheel

Q2. What can you observe with the values of the product of
frequency and wavelength in the different spectra?

ANSWER: The product of frequency and

wavelength for all spectrum regions is constant.
This is equal to the speed of light in vacuum.
 Activity 2
My spectrum wheel

Q3. How is energy related to frequency?

ANSWER:As the frequency is increased, the

energy is also increased.
 ACTIVITY
Color Frequency Wavelength Frequency x Wavelength
Spectrum (x1012 /s) (x10-9 m) (m/s)
(422 x1012/s) (700 x10-9m) =
Red 422 700
295 400 x103 m/s ≈ 3x108 m/s
Orange 480 635 ≈ 3x108 m/s
Yellow 510 590 ≈ 3x108 m/s
Green 540 560 ≈ 3x108 m/s
Blue 580 520 ≈ 3x108 m/s
Indigo 610 490 ≈ 3x108 m/s
Violet 670 450 ≈ 3x108 m/s
 Activity 2
My spectrum wheel

TOTAL SCORE = 6
NEW LESSON
LET’S PLAY!
4 PICS 1 WORD

RAINBOW
4 PICS 1 WORD

VISIBLE
4 PICS 1 WORD

LIGHT
 Learning Objectives
a. relate color and intensity to frequency and wavelength,
describe the characteristics, sources, and behaviors of light
b. explore the characteristics of color lights
c. developing a positive and appreciative mindset regarding
the importance of light and its applications
d. practice the values of cooperation and respect.
 Let’s Recall
Electromagnetic Spectrum
The 7 types of electromagnetic waves
•1. Radio waves – the longest wavelength, the lowest frequency & energy
•2. Microwaves
•3. Infrared light
•4. Visible light
•5. Ultraviolet light
•6. X- rays
•7. Gamma rays- the shortest wavelength, the highest frequency & energy
 VISIBLE
LIGHT
Here starts the
lesson!
https://scijinks.gov/rainbows-simulation/#:~:text=In%20this%20rainbow%20simulator%2C%20change,browser%20version%20to%20view%20this!
DISPERSIO
N

• Rainbows are formed through dispersion.

• This happens when sunlight passes through
raindrops.
• A double rainbow occurs when the light is
reflected twice in the drop.
• The second rainbow is fainter and more pastel
in tone than the primary rainbow because
more light escapes from two reflections
compared to one.
• A key feature of double rainbows is that the
color sequence in the second rainbow is
reversed.
 01
VISIBLE LIGHT
White Light
White light is made up of all the colors of
the rainbow. How do we know?

Because a prism
splits the light into
its component colors.
DISPERSION
• The separation of light
into colors.
• This creates the colors
of the rainbow.
• These band of colors are
named as spectrum.
 Visible Light

• The difference between one color

and another color is due to the
differences in wavelengths or
frequencies.
• Each color has its own frequency and
wavelength.

Increasing VIBG
wavelength YOR
Increasing ROY
frequency GBIV
 The colors of the stars are a Colors of Objects
result of the thermal radiation
from the surface of the stars.

-oldest stars
-coolest stars
– low
frequency
Red Stars means low
-youngest stars energy
-hottest stars –
high frequency
means high
energy Blue/White
 Color
Color is the way our eyes
perceive different
wavelengths of light. It's
what makes objects look
different from one another.
 Mixing colors

A prism is a special glass or plastic object

that can bend, or refract, light.
 Unlike pigments, The secondary When you combine
colors are: the primary colors of
the primary colors green + blue = cyan
blue + red = light: red, green, and
of light are red, magenta blue, they will reflect
green, and blue. red + green =
yellow white light.
 Properties of Light

SCATTERIN
G
• As the light coming from
the sun travels through
Earth’s atmosphere, the
dust particles and air
molecules in the • This is also known as
atmosphere scatter the light Rayleigh scattering.
in all directions.
 Properties of Light

SCATTERIN
• G(clouds) scatter all
Water vapor
colors equally making them
appear white.
• When clouds gets thicker, they
absorb much of the light,
allowing light not to pass
through. The result is a darker
cloud.
 Properties of Light
SCATTERI
NG
• At daytime, since blue and violet
has the highest frequency and
short wavelength, they are
scattered and reflected to earth, so
the sky looks blue.
 Properties of Light
SCATTE
RING
• At late afternoon, since most
of the blue and violet light is
being scattered, red having
the longer wavelength and
low frequency is the most
predominant color left when
light from the sun reaches
your eyes.
SOURCES
OF LIGHT
 SOURCES OF
LIGHT
Natural Sources - light are those that emit
light without any human intervention or
manipulation.
Artificial Sources - This refers to light
produced by human-made sources, such as
electric bulbs, LEDs, fluorescent lights, etc
TYPES OF LIGHT

Luminous - Objects that emit light on

their own.
Nonluminous - Objects that do not
emit light of their own.
 Types of Lighting

Incandescent
Light
• It has a thin wire coil
made up of tungsten.
• Incandescence means • Less than 10% of the energy
emission of light as a is given out as light, the rest
of its energy is given off as
result of heating of the
heat or infrared rays.
filament.
 Types of Lighting

Fluorescent
• It uses thelight
process called
fluorescing.
• Fluorescent lights contain gas
(ex. Mercury gas) that emits
ultraviolet rays when an
electric current pass through
the bulb.
 Types of Lighting
Neon
• Lights
It is made up of neon gas sealed
in glass tube.
• When an electric current pass
through the neon particles of the
gas, it absorb energy until it
cannot anymore hold the energy,
it is now released in the form of
light.
 Types of Lighting
Sodium Vapor
Light
• A type of lighting that uses
small amount of solid
sodium and some neon, and
argon gases. • are commonly used for street
• The particles of sodium lightings since they require
vapor give off energy in the very little electricity to give
form of yellow light. off a great deal of light.
 Types of Lighting 1 Offensive
Adaptation – use to
lure or search for
Bioluminesce prey.
• a type of chemiluminescence Anglerf
nce ish
• Bioluminescence is a "cold light."
Cold light means less than 20% of
the light generates
thermal radiation, or heat.
Loosej
• Luciferin is the compound that aw
actually produces light.
 2 Attraction – Fireflies uses
Types of Lighting
light to attract mates.
Male fireflies have more
Bioluminesc flashing lights than
• a type of chemiluminescence
ence females.
• Bioluminescence is a "cold
light." Cold light means less than
20% of the light generates
thermal radiation, or heat.
• Luciferin is the compound that
actually produces light.
 3 Changes in the
Types of Lighting environment –
Organisms
Bioluminesc (bioluminescent algae)
• a typeence
of chemiluminescence can emit light when they
are disturbed. They
• Bioluminescence is a "cold
signal a drop of salt
light." Cold light means less than
20% of the light generates
content (salinity) in
thermal radiation, or heat. water.

• Luciferin is the compound that

actually produces light.
 Brightness
- Is a qualitative and is dependent on
the person’s perception.
- depends on the source and the
distance from the source.
 Brightness
- can be measured using luminous intensity and
expressed with a unit known as candela (cd).

Illuminance – the measure of the amount of light

that illuminates a surface area.
 Intensity
- The quantity that measures the amount of
light. The intensity depends upon the
amount of light that passes a certain area.
Intensity
defined to be the power per unit area, and it
has the units of Watt per square meter
(W/m2).

Intensity=Power/Area or I = P/A
Where: I= Intensity P= Power (Watts)
A= Area of sphere (4 π r2) Π= 3.14 r = radius
BEHAVIO
RS OF
LIGHT
 Why do you
feel hotter
when you
wear dark-
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colored
clothes?
Effects of Different Materials on Light
SLIDESMANIA.COM - Jennifer Leban & Omar López
One of the properties of light is that it travels in
a straight line, unless it is acted on by some
external force or condition.
When interfered with, the path of light rays can
be bounced or appear to be bent away from the
original object making it seem larger or smaller
than it really is.
 Reflection
When light strikes a surface and is redirected
back to its point of origin, this is reflection.
- The bouncing back of light from the surface it
hits.
Smooth, shiny surfaces that absorb very little
light, will reflect light in almost the exact way
that the light hits it.
next

Smooth, shiny surface

Mirrors reflect images of objects because light rays bounce
off the object. The light rays travel in a straight line to a
mirror, bounce off the mirror, and then travel back to the
eye of the observer.
Light beams

next

Mirror
 Reflection
Incident Ray - the ray of light that comes from the light source and
approaches the mirror.
Angle of Incidence - the angle formed by the incident ray and the line
perpendicular to the surface of the mirror (normal line).
Reflected Ray- the ray coming from the mirror as a result of
reflection.
Angle of Reflection - is the angle formed by the reflected ray and the
normal line.
 TWO MAIN TYPES OF
REFLECTION
Regular Reflection
- also known as specular reflection -happens when
light is reflected off smooth surfaces
-reflected light rays are in an orderly pattern

Diffused Reflection
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-occurs when light is reflected off rough surfaces

-reflected rays are scattered in all directions
Light and Refraction
Light slows down as it goes from space to air. It
slows down even more in water and glass. Why?

The atoms get in the way.

We use lenses to curve light on purpose.

Decide whether each object below best represents reflection or
refraction.

reflection refraction
reflection refraction
reflection refraction

reflection refraction
reflection refraction reflection refraction next
APPLICATIONS OF VISIBLE LIGHT
VISION MEDICINE COMMUNICATIONS

Endoscopes
Humans
use fiber Visible light
see
optics to allow is also used
objects in
doctors to see to transmit
the visible
internal high-speed
light
organs and data.
spectrum.
vessels.
 ASSESSMENT. Use ¼ sheet of paper
Identification
1. What is the color of the longest wavelength in visible
light wave?
2. Which visible light has the highest frequency?
3. The longer the wavelength, the ________ frequency.
Essay. Briefly describe the following:
1. Color vs Intensity vs Brightness
2. What are the 2 sources of light and give 1 example for
each.