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    Functions of Plant Hormones

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    chhetridhristi

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    Functions of Plant Hormones

    Uploaded by

    chhetridhristi
    12 views14 pages

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    Functions of plant hormones

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    12 views14 pages

    Functions of Plant Hormones

    Uploaded by

    chhetridhristi

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Plant Hormones

    (Phytohormones)
    Plant hormones/ Phytohormones:

    • Phytohormones are biochemical substances which regulate


    growth and development of the plants.

    • The phenomena such as flowering, fruiting, ageing, etc., are


    regulated by phytohormones.
    5 – essential types of phytohormones:

    1. Auxin

    2. Cytokinins Growth promoters

    3. Gibberellin

    4. Ethylene

    5. Abscisic Acid (ABA) Growth inhibitors


    Functions/Roles of Pant
    Hormones
    1. Auxin:

    Apical Dominance*.

    Cell Division and elongation.

    Rooting in plant propagation (IAA & NAA).

    Induce Parthenocarpy (IAA).

    Used as weedicides (2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid).


    2. Cytokinins:

     Stimulate cell division and cell differentiation*.

    Helps in breaking the dormancy of seeds.

    Promotes lateral growth (girth).

    Delay senescence (aging of leaves).


    3. Gibberellins:

     Stem elongation (GA)*.

    Helps in breaking the dormancy of buds and tubers.

    Promotes flowering in some plants*.

    Seed germination*.
    4. Abscisic Acid (ABA):

     Maintains seed dormancy*.

     Temporary closure of stomata to check water


    stress in plants*.
     Inhibits cell division*.
    5. Ethylene:

     Induces fruit ripening*.

     It retards flowering in most plants.

     Inhibits cell division*.

    Inhibits stem elongation.


    The interaction of plant hormones:
    • In plants, growth, development and responses are influenced by interaction of
    two or more plant growth regulators.
    • It is rarely done by single plant hormone.
    Interaction type:
    1. Synergism- Positive interaction of plant hormones.
    - Phytohormones interact to support each other's effects.
    Ex: Gibberellins and Auxins (IAA) are synergistic in bud formation.

    2. Antagonism- Suppressive interaction of plant hormones.


    - Phytohormones interact to oppose each other's effects.
    Ex: Auxin and cytokinin are antagonistic in maintaining apical dominance.
    *Commercial use of pant hormones:
    1. Synthetic auxins:
    i. α-naphthaline acetic acid (NAA)- used as rooting hormone during plant propagation.
    ii. α-naphthaline acetic acid (NAA)- is used to prevent sprouting of potatoes and onion bulb
    (store of longer time).
    iii. NAA is also used to induce flowering of fruits when required.
    iv. 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid- used as herbicide to kill the weeds.
    2. Gibberellins:
    v. Gibberellic acid (GA)- used to delayed fruit ripening and store for longer time (increase
    shelf life).
    vi. GA is also used to increase the yield by increasing the number and size of fruits.
    vii. GA helps in breaking seed dormancy of fruits.

    3. Ethylene gas- Induces fruit ripening.


    GA and ABA used in Renewable Natural Resources
    Research Development Centres of Bhutan

    1. GA is used for breaking seed dormancy, extending


    shelf life and colour development of citrus fruits.

    2. ABA is used for rooting purposes in plant


    propagation.
    Group activity:
    •Read and discuss the functions and use
    of plant hormones thoroughly in your
    group.

    •After 15 minutes you will have to fill the


    cross puzzle on plant hormones.
    Thank you!

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