Constructive Theory

Constructive Theory
of Learning
What is Constructivist Learning Theory?
 Constructivist Learning Theory states that learning is the result of using new
information to construct knowledge based on the information we already have. There
are two ways that we incorporate new information:
• Assimilation: Taking new information and including it into an existing schema.
• Accommodation: Using new information to update existing schemas or create new
ones.
Who is the Proponent of Constructivism
Learning Theory
 Jean Piaget (1896-1980) is considered the father of the constructivist view of
learning. As a biologist, he was interested in how an organism adapts to the
environment and how previous mental knowledge contributes to behaviors.
Knowledge is not a snapshot of reality; in order to understand something, you
don't just simply look at it and make a mental copy of it. In order to truly
know an object you must act on it. According to Piaget (1964), learning is
modeling, transforming, and understanding the way in which an object is
constructed. Through interactions with the environment, we change our
internalized view of the world. Views on separate constructs can be changed
in different ways.
What does Constructivism Learning
Theory Believe in
 Constructivism is an important learning theory that educators use to help their students
learn. Constructivism is based on the idea that people actively construct or make their
own knowledge, and that reality is determined by your experiences as a learner.
Basically, learners use their previous knowledge as a foundation and build on it with
new things that they learn. So everyone’s individual experiences make their learning
unique to them.
 Constructivism is crucial to understand as an educator because it influences the way all
of your students learn. Teachers and instructors that understand the constructivist
learning theory understand that their students bring their own unique experiences to the
classroom every day. Their background and previous knowledge impacts how they are
able to learn. Educators are able to use constructivist learning theory to help their
students understand their previous knowledge. If you’re a current or aspiring educator,
it’s important to get the education and credentials you need. But it’s also important to
understand learning theories and how they impact you and your students. This guide
will tell you more about the constructivist learning theory and how it helps you as a
teacher.
What are Some Classroom Activities That
Promotes The Constructivist Theory
• Reciprocal teaching/learningAllow pairs of students to teach each other.
• Inquiry-based learning (IBL)Learners pose their own questions and seek answers to
their questions via research and direct observation. They present their supporting
evidence to answer the questions. They draw connections between their pre-existing
knowledge and the knowledge they’ve acquired through the activity. Finally, they draw
conclusions, highlight remaining gaps in knowledge and develop plans for future
investigations.
• Examples of Inquiry-Based Labs
• Inquiry-Based Labs: A Case Study in Biological Sciences
• Assessment Options for Inquiry-Based Labs: Summative Assessment in Biological Sciences
• Problem-based learning (PBL)The main idea of PBL is similar to IBL: learners
acquire knowledge by devising a solution to a problem. PBL differs from IBL in that
PBL activities provide students with real-world problems that require students to work
together to devise a solution. As the group works through the challenging real-world
problem, learners acquire communication and collaboration skills in addition to
knowledge.
• PBL In Action in Medical School
• Mercer University School of Medicine PBL
• Cooperative learning
Students work together in small groups to maximize their own and each other's
learning. Cooperative learning differs from typical group work in that it requires
interdependence among group members to solve a problem or complete an assignment.
Impact of Constructivism Theory in
Education
 Consequences of constructivist theory are that:
• Students learn best when engaged in learning experiences rather passively receiving
information.
• Learning is inherently a social process because it is embedded within a social context
as students and teachers work together to build knowledge.
• Because knowledge cannot be directly imparted to students, the goal of teaching is to
provide experiences that facilitate the construction of knowledge.
Consequences for the classroom
 Curriculum emphasizes big concepts, beginning with the whole and expanding
to include the parts.
 Pursuit of student questions and interests is valued.
 Materials include primary sources of material and manipulative materials.
 Learning is interactive, building on what the student already knows.
 Teachers have a dialogue with students, helping students construct their own
knowledge.
 Teacher's role is interactive, rooted in negotiation.
 Assessment includes student works, observations and points of view, as well as
tests. Process is as important as product.
 Knowledge is seen as dynamic, ever changing with our experiences.
 Students work primarily in groups.
What is your own idea about
Constructivism, beneficial or not
I think Constructive Learning is a great way to study what the student is
interested in, making it an excellent way to learn. it also help student learn how
to do research and study by themselves without the help of their teacher nor
their parents.
Haris Nakpradit 6521123018

Rungrot Chonnen 6521123083

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