.Lesson 6

Review!
Review
What are the elements of a short

story?
Plot
Setting
Characters
Conflict
Theme
Review
What are the parts of a plot?
Exposition
Rising Action
Climax
Falling Action
Resolution
Review
What are the two types of characters?
Protagonist
antagonist
Review
What are the types of conflict?
Man vs Man
Man vs Society
Man vs Self
Man vs Nature
Man vs Technology
Man vs Supernatural
Gods and Goddesses
of Greek and Roman
Mythology
Quarter 1: Lesson 6
Difference between
Roman and Greek Mythology
The first major difference between

Roman gods and Greek gods is the
time period.
Greek mythology predates Roman

mythology over 1,000 years.
Difference between
Another major difference between Roman
gods vs. Greek gods is in the name of the
gods and goddesses.
Roman gods and goddesses were named

after objects and did not possess a gender,
whereas Greek gods were decided by
human characteristics and traits.
Difference between
Greek mythology emphasized the
importance of good deeds mortals
performed on earth.
Roman mythology did not put emphasis

on the works of mortal heroes in regards
to their life on earth because Roman
mythology believed in an afterlife.
Difference between
The Greek culture viewed deities as
an unattainable being.
Romans believed that mortals should

try to aspire to be like the gods they
worshipped.
The Primordial Greek
Gods
The Primordial Greek Gods
Greek mythology starts at the beginning of
the world! The Greek Gods that existed
then were the Primordial Gods. The
famous work of Hesiod, called Theogony
(meaning “birth of the Gods” in Greek),
presents a complete cosmogony. Natural
forces are personified and the most basic
components of the cosmos are Gods.
According to Hesiod, in the beginning
there was Chaos. Chaos was the
personification of the absolute
nothingness - an immerse, dark void
from which all of the existence
sprang. Out of Chaos came Eros, the
god of love and procreation.
Then Tartarus was born, a dark

place like the abyss and the
original god of the
Underworld. Goddess Gaia then
followed, the personification of
Earth.
Erebus, the god of darkness,
and Nyx, the goddess of the night,
were also born from Chaos. From
Gaia came Ourea, the god of the
mountains, Pontus, the god of the
sea, and Uranus, the god of the
heavens.
The Titan Gods
The Titan Gods
According to Greek mythology and the
ancient Greek religion, the Titans were
the pre-Olympian gods. Their parents
were Gaia (Mother Earth) and Uranus (god
of heavens). They had two other species as
siblings, born also from the union between
Gaia and Uranus: the Hecatoncheires
(meaning "hundred-handed ones") and the
Cyclops (meaning “circle-eyed”).
The Titan Gods
Cronus: the Titan god of the harvest.
Cronus, although the youngest of the
first twelve Titans, became the ruler of
the world after overthrowing his
father, Uranus. He then married his
older sister, Rhea.
The Titan Gods
Rhea: the Titan goddess of fertility
and generation.
Oceanus: the Titan god of the oceans.
He was the eldest son of Uranus and
Gaia.
Tethys: the Titan goddess of the
rivers and fresh water. She was the
wife of Oceanus.
The Titan Gods
Hyperion: the Titan god of light.
Theia: the Titan goddess of the aether.
Theia bore the Titan Hyperion three
shining children: Helios (the Sun), Eos
(the Dawn), and Selene (the Moon).
Iapetus: the Titan god of mortal life. He
fathered the Titans Atlas, Prometheus,
Epimetheus.
The Titan Gods
Crius: the Titan god of constellations.
Coeus: the Titan god of intellect.
Phoebe: the Titan goddess of prophecy
and oracular intellect.
Themis: the Titan goddess of divine law
and order.
Mnemosyne: the Titan goddess of
memory.
The Olympian Gods
The Olympian Gods
Zeus
Zeus was recognized as the father of gods and
humans.
God of Sky and Thunder
The name Zeus means "bright" or "sky”.
His weapon of choice was the thunderbolt,
made for him by the Cyclops.
His Roman equivalent was Jupiter.
The Olympian Gods
Poseidon
The God of the sea and the protector of all
waters.
He was sitting on a famous chariot drawn
by immortal horses and holding in his
hand the famous trident, forged by the
Cyclops.
His Roman equivalent was Neptune.
The Olympian Gods
Hermes
Hermes was the god of wealth, trade,
thieves and travelers.
He was also known as the Messenger God
Hermes was considered a “trickster” due
to his cunning and clever personality.
His Roman equivalent was Mercury.
The Olympian Gods
Hera
The queen goddess of Olympus.
Hera was both sister and wife to Zeus.
The goddess of marriage, women and
family, and the protector of women during
childbirth.
Her Roman equivalent was Juno.
The Olympian Gods
Hades
Hades was the brother of Zeus and Poseidon
The god of the Underworld.
Hades had a cap or helmet that made its
wearer invisible.
His wife was Persephone
His Roman equivalent was Pluto.
The Olympian Gods
Dionysus
Known as the God of the Wine
He was the son of god Zeus and
the mortal Semele.
His Roman equivalent was
Bacchus.
The Olympian Gods
Demeter
Goddess of Agriculture
Mother of Persephone
Her Roman equivalent was Ceres.
The Olympian Gods
Apollo
He is the god of light, music and poetry, healing
and prophecy.
He was the one that established the great
Oracle of Delphi.
He was the teacher of the nine Muses and when
they sang he accompanied them with his
famous lyre.
His Roman name was Phoebus.
The Olympian Gods
Ares
The God of War.
He was always followed by two of his
faithful sons and followers, the gods
Deimos and Phobos.
His Roman equivalent was Mars.
The Olympian Gods
Artemis
Apollo's twin sister.
The goddess of hunting, wild animals
and the wilderness.
Her Roman equivalent was Diana.
The Olympian Gods
Athena
The goddess of wisdom and strategic warfare.
The Parthenon in Athens is the most famous
temple dedicated to her.
Protector of heroes and wisest among the Gods.
She also guided Perseus and Heracles through
their trials.
Her Roman equivalent was Minerva.
The Olympian Gods
Aphrodite
The goddess of fertility, love, and beauty.
The most beautiful among mortals and
immortals.
She was said to have emerged from the foam
generated from the severed testicles of her
father, Uranus.
Her Roman name was Venus.
The Olympian Gods
Hephaestus
The god of fire and blacksmiths.
He was married to Aphrodite.
His Roman counterpart was Vulcan.
Other
Olympian
Gods
The Olympians
Calliope - The leader of the nine
Muses, and goddess of epic poetry.
Clio - The Muse of historical writings.
Deimus - The god of fear. He was a
son of Ares who accompanied his
father on the battlefield.
Heracles – God of Strength and
Heroes
The Olympians
Eris - The goddess of strife. She was a sister
and companion of the god Ares.
Eros - The god of love and sexual desire. He
was the son and divine minion of the goddess
Aphrodite.
Hestia - The goddess of the hearth.
Iris - The goddess of the rainbow and
messenger of the gods. She was the personal
handmaiden of the goddess Hera.
The Olympians
Nike - The goddess of victory.
Psyche - The goddess of the soul and wife
of the god Eros.
Achilles - Greatest warrior of the Trojan
War
Atlas - The Primordial Titan who
carried the weight of the heavens on
his back.
The Olympians
Perseus - Slayer of the Gorgon

Medusa
Persephone - Goddess of
agriculture, spring growth, and
rebirth
Recap!
Who is his/her counterpart?
Greek Roman
Zeus Jupiter
Hera Juno
Poseidon Neptune
Aphrodite Venus
Ares Mars
Hermes Mercury
Hephaestus Vulcan
Artemis Diana
Hades Pluto
Athena Minerva

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Review!

What are the elements of a short

What are the parts of a plot?

What are the two types of characters?

What are the types of conflict?

The first major difference between

Greek mythology predates Roman

Roman gods and goddesses were named

Roman mythology did not put emphasis

Romans believed that mortals should

Then Tartarus was born, a dark

Perseus - Slayer of the Gorgon

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