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    RT Level II Units

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    raju
    rt class

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    RT Level II Units

    Uploaded by

    raju
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    rt class

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    Rt Level II Units

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    3 views9 pages

    RT Level II Units

    Uploaded by

    raju
    rt class

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
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    RT LEVEL II

    PCN / CSWIP / ISO 9712 / JPK ii / SNT-TC-1A STANDARD

    UNITS USED IN RT
    Common Units in Radiographic Testing
    Radiography involves different units to measure radiation exposure, radiation dose, intensity, and activity.

    •The most important units in radiographic testing are:

    •Roentgen (R)
    •Sievert (Sv)
    •Gray (Gy)
    •Curie (Ci)
    •Half-Value Layer (HVL)

    02/10/2024 OTI 2
    Roentgen®
    •Definition:Roentgen (R) is a unit used to measure the exposure of X-rays and gamma rays
    in air.

    •It quantifies the amount of ionization produced in a specific volume of air.

    Application:Used for measuring the radiation level during radiographic testing to ensure
    safe practices.

    Conversion:1 Roentgen = 2.58 × 10⁻⁴ coulombs per kilogram of air (C/kg).

    Example:
    Exposure rate of 1 ci Ir-192 is 0.5 R / Hour

    Exposure dose for a person stayed at 2 ci source at the distance of 1 meter for 1 hour is 1
    Roentgen

    02/10/2024 OTI 3
    Sievert (Sv) / rem
    Definition:
    Sievert (Sv) / rem is a unit used to measure the biological effect of ionizing radiation on human tissue.

    It considers both the energy absorbed and the biological impact of different types of radiation.

    Application: Used in radiography to assess the health risk posed by radiation exposure, especially for
    workers in the field.

    1 Sv = 100 rem

    •Examples:
    • Exposure limit for workers: Typically less than 20 millisieverts (mSv) / 2000 mrem per year.

    • Exposure limit for public: Typically less than 1 millisieverts (mSv) / 100 mrem per year.

    02/10/2024 OTI 4
    Gray (Gy) / rad
    Definition:
    Gray (Gy) is a unit that measures the absorbed dose of radiation.
    It represents the amount of energy deposited by radiation into a material (including human tissue).

    Application:
    Used to quantify the absorbed dose of radiation in a material during radiographic testing.
    Conversion:
    1 Gray = 1 joule of radiation energy absorbed per kilogram of material.

    1 Gy = 100 rads (older unit for absorbed dose)

    02/10/2024 OTI 5
    Curie (Ci) / Becquerel(Bq)
    Definition:

    Curie (Ci) is a unit used to measure the radioactivity of a radioactive


    source.

    1 Curie equals the activity of 1 gram of radium-226, which undergoes 3.7 ×


    10¹⁰ disintegrations per second.

    Application:
    Used to specify the strength of a gamma-ray source like Cobalt-60 or
    Iridium-192 in radiographic testing.

    Conversion:

    1 Curie = 3.7 × 10¹⁰ becquerels (Bq), where 1 becquerel = 1 disintegration


    per second

    02/10/2024 OTI 6
    Curie per gram (Ci/g)
    Unit of Specific activity for Gammaray sources.

    Definition: Specific activity refers to the activity per unit mass of a radioactive source,
    typically measured in curies per gram (Ci/g) or becquerels per gram (Bq/g).

    Importance in RT: Higher specific activity allows for shorter exposure times and more
    compact sources, resulting in sharper images.

    Common RT Sources & Their Specific Activity


    •Iridium-192: ~450 Ci/g
    •Cobalt-60: ~1100 Ci/g
    •Cesium-137: ~88 Ci/g

    02/10/2024 OTI 7
    Summary of Units in Radiographic Testing
    Unit Measurement Application in RT
    Exposure of X-rays/gamma
    Roentgen (R) Measuring radiation levels in radiography
    rays in air
    Biological effect of
    Sievert (Sv) / rem Assessing radiation risk to workers
    radiation

    Gray (Gy) / rad Absorbed dose of radiation Quantifying energy absorbed in materials

    Curie (Ci) / GBq Radioactivity of a source Strength of gamma-ray sources like Co-60

    Thickness to reduce
    HVL Determining shielding requirements
    radiation by half

    02/10/2024 OTI 8
    Thank you

    Any question
    +60-19 242 0203
    +60-19 955 5845
    venkata@oti.com.my
    huzairi@oti.com.my

    02/10/2024 OTI 9

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