WELCOME

TB 1: TELECOM GENERAL
(CONSTRUCTION PRACTICE)

N.V.Gopala Rao
ILP-1
Out Door Telecom Lab
 S & T DEPARTMENT
 The role of the Signalling and
Telecommunication Department of the Indian
Railways is to provide a modern, efficient
and reliable signalling system for speedy,
smooth and safe running of trains, as well as
an effective and reliable mode of
telecommunications.
 This can be achieved by implementing

uniform policy, new technology, asset

upgradation and renewal, maintenance,
inspection and human resource development
TELECOM SYSTEM IN INDIAN RAILWAYS
1. Train Traffic Safety Circuits ( in 6 quad cable)
2. Train Traffic Safety Communication(VHF,MTRC,TCAS)
3. Train Traffic Communication (CTO,TPC,RC,TLC,ENGG,
Hot Line, Auto TP in OFC)
4.Data Circuits (UTS,PRS,FOIS,RAILNET,DATA LOGGERS)
5.Switching (C-DOT, ISDN, VoIP)
6. Passenger Amenities.(PA, TIBs,CIBS,POET,DTES-Touch
Screens, FRBS, BSNL phones)
7.Passenger Safety System. (Surveillance System & ISS)
8. Accident site Communication (ART,ARMV,V-SAT,6Q-
OFC, VHF,CUG)
9.Alternate Communication for TTC (BSNL Phones, BSNL
Leased lines, CUG )
IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY OF
TB2
 Maintenance and inspection are to
be the cornerstones for ensuring
efficient functioning of equipment.
 Study found that zonal railways

were unable to provide standard

expected performance parameters
for Signalling and
Telecommunication equipment in
use. Active service for each hour of
down time, mean time between
failures and the time taken to repair
varied vastly from zone to zone and
make to make.
Proper maintenance of assets and on the need to
move from corrective maintenance towards
preventive maintenance.
Corrective maintenance comes into play only after
equipment becomes defective.
Preventive maintenance on the other hand is
applied when equipment is still operative and
proactive treatment is given consisting of checks,
examination and supervisory inspections.
INTRODUCTION:
Uniform construction and maintenance
practices are essential to promote
safety and reliability of Telecom
network.
 Construction of a new

telecommunication system.
 Maintenance or repair of an existing

telecommunication system.
 Replacement of a existing system in a

section.
The Planning, installation methods
and conditions for carrying out the
Telecom works (maintenance) must
be in accordance with the written
specifications and recommendations
of Railway Board or RDSO.
The CSTE of Zonal Railways and
RDSO are authorised to supplement
additional guidelines required for
day to day working
Revolutionary evolutions in Telecom
technologies leading to obsolete of earlier
systems.

for successful adaptation of new technologies

&
to inculcate better construction or installation
and maintenance practices in Telecom
systems
1.providing similar standard equipment
2.Training, Work shops and seminars
for achieving the results of enhanced line
capacity, better operational efficiency and
safer movement of trains.
Indian Railway Telecommunication Manual

Issued by Railway Board

The latest edition was brought out in
Oct.,2007.
It consists of 29 Chapters and
covering entire telecom of IR.
The current TM is available in IR
website in both Hindi and English versions.
Technological changes and
advancements in IR Telecom system –
guidelines are under updation in RB for
upcoming new edition.
The important organisations in
Telecom

1.ITU-T, R & D
2.TEC
3.RDSO
4.PTCC
5.WPC
6.SACFA (Standing Advisory Committee on Radio Frequency
Allocations

7.Telecom Directorate of IR
International Standards:
ITU: International Telecommunication Union, agency under UN.
The standardisation which has made an effective international
telecom network possible carried out through the ITU.
The ITU is carrying out with Three main divisions.
•ITU-T (CCITT) : International Telecom Union-Telecommunication
sector.
Its duties are the study of technical questions, Operating
methods and tariffs for telephony, telegraphy and data
communication.
•ITU-R ( CCIR) : International Telecommunication Union-Radio
communications sector.
It studies all technical and operating issues related to radio
communications, including point to point communications,
mobile services and broadcasting.
Regulates the assignment of Radio frequencies to prevent
interference between different transmissions..
 ITU –D: International Telecommunication Union-
Development Sector.
it is responsible for creating policies, regulation
and providing training programs and financial
strategies in developing countries.
•ISO: International standards Organisation .
This organisation produces standards in many fields,
including Information Technology.
Pertaining to telecom, ISO reference model for Open
System Interconnection(OSI).
•ETSI: European Telecommunication Standards Institute.
•ANSI: American National Standards Institute.
•IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers.
TEC: Telecommunication Engineering Center
The Telecommunication Engineering Center is a body under
telecom commission and a nodal agency of the Department of
Telecommunications, Ministry of Communications and
Information Technology, Government of India.
TEC is responsible for drawing up of standards, generic
requirements, interface requirements, service requirements and
specifications for telecom products, services and networks.

Specialised divisions of TEC cover various telecom technology

areas :
External Plant Information Technology , Networks, Optical
Transmission, Line Transmission, Radio Transmission,
Satellite Transmission , Value Aided Services , Switching
Mobile Communications . These divisions are responsible for
standardisation and trials of new technologies. They have
capabilities and human resources for testing of all kinds of
telecom products, services and networks.
RDSO: Research Designs and Standards Organisation .

RDSO was established in Lucknow in 1957. The primary

quality policy of RDSO is to develop safe, modern and cost
effective Railway technology complying with statutory and
regulatory requirements, through excellence in research,
designs and standards and continual improvements in
quality management system to cater to growing demand of
passenger and freight traffic on the railways.

“ RDSO is an attached office of Ministry of Railways,

engaged in design and standardisation of equipment for
use in Indian Railways”.
RDSO /SPN along with comments received from various
quarters is discussed in Telecom Standards Committee
(TCSC) meeting . Recommendation made by TCSC is put
up to Railway Board for approval. After approval from
Railway Board, the specification is given an IRS number
and issued as Indian Railway Standard Specification,
i.e.IRS:TC: ____. Ex: IRS:TC/30/2005(Rev.2).

RDSO/SPN specification is issued as draft specification for

discussion. This specification is circulated to customers /
Railways and field inspection units for comments.
Ex: RDSO/SPN/TC/72/2007 (Rev.0)
PTCC:
Power and Telecommunication Co-ordination Committee

It is a central standing committee for co-ordination of Power

and Telecommunication system. The committee was formed by
the Government of India in the year 1949. The role of the
committee is to deal with route approval for all new power lines.

The clearance of this committee is required before energization

of new power lines of 11KV and above, which is given after
obtaining clearances from the Railway/ Telecom having lines in
the area.
PTCC Monitoring cell headed by CCE/DyCSTE(Tele) of the
railway shall monitor the timely disposal of pending and new
cases.

Full details are available in Telecom Manual / PTCC Manual

 Power Crossing 11KV and above

Whenever laying of new telecom cables

across or parallel to the existing 11KV and above
power crossing within vicinity of 8 Kms, PTTC
(Power Telecom Co-ordination Committee)
approval is mandatory to protect Railway
Telecom network from induced voltage effects
from power lines and vie versa. As per the PTTC
guideline the protection devices such as surge
protection devices shall be provided.
As per PTTC , it is advisable to take the telecom cable with
maximum horizontal clearance as far as practicable but not
less than 0.6 meters, so that the intensity of inductive
interference can be minimized. Absence of sheath continuity
and armour continuity in Telecom cable and it’s improper
earthing in the vicinity of power cable will result in AC
induction and consequent impairment of the telecom circuits.
When the power parallelism is more than 0.8 kms the
cable route should be referred to PTCC for
recommendation of protection measures. In case of
crossings, care should be taken see that telecom cable
crosses at right angles and at a vertical clearance preferably
of 0.6 meters but not less than 0.3 meters at any point. When
the specified clearances cannot be maintained, it is
preferable to lay the telecom cable through cement concrete
pipes for a length of 1 meter on either side of power cable to
the crossing and seal the mouths at both ends.
WPC: WIRELESS PLANNING & COORDINATION
The WIRELESS PLANNING & COORDINATION (WPC)
Wing of the Ministry of Communications, created in 1952, is
the national radio regulatory authority responsible for
frequency spectrum management, including licensing and
caters for the needs of all wireless users (government and
private) in the country.

WPC is divided into major sections like

Licensing and Receival (LR),
New Technology Group (NTG) and
Standing Advisory Committee on Radio Frequency
Allocation (SACFA).
SACFA : Standing Advisory Committee on Radio Frequency Allocations
The Standing Advisory Committee on Radio Frequency Allocations (SACFA) is
a high level committee chaired by Secretary (DOT)/Chairman, Telecom
Commission.
Heads of major wireless users/administrative ministries of the Govt. of India,
Member (Technology), Telecom Commission, and Wireless Adviser to the Govt.
of India, Joint Secretary, DoT are its members.

WPC wing of the Ministry of Communications provides secretarial help to the

committee. Joint Wireless Adviser, WPC wing is the member-secretary
of the Committee.

SACFA clearances are issued after getting 'no objection' from various SACFA
members who have to carry out detailed technical evaluation including field
surveys, etc. At times they have to obtain evaluations from their field units.

The technical evaluation is done primarily for

a) Aviation hazards.
b) Obstruction to line of site of existing/planned networks
c) Interference (Electro Magnetic Interference (EMI)/Electro Magnetic
Compatibility (EMC)) to existing and proposed networks.
The main functions of the committee are to make
recommendations on:-

• Major frequency allocation issues,

• Formulation of National Frequency Allocation Plan,
• Making recommendations on various issues related to ITU,
• Asia Pacific Tele community (APT),
• To sort out the problems referred to the committee by various
wireless users, siting clearance of all wireless installations in
the country, etc.

SACFA Monitoring cell headed by Dy.CSTE(Tele) of the

Railway shall monitor the timely disposal of pending and
new cases.
The Telecom Directorate of Ministry of Railways,
Government of India, oversees the complete working of
Telecom in Indian Railways.
It takes care of all the telecommunication requirement of
Indian Railways.

Organization

Member Electrical
Addl. Member (Telecom)
Executive Director (Tele. Dev.)
Director (Telecom)
Telecom Policy

All the Telecom policies decisions are taken in the

Railway Board. The information about various Telecom
policy decision taken in the Railway Board will be
made available in Telecom Directorate and circulated
to all zonal Railways and various Railway organisations
for implementation.
Example
Policy Letters Issued in 2013
•Telecom Circular No. 10/2013 - Report on most suitable Protection
Scheme for Control Communication Circuits including SCADA.
•Telecom Circular No. 9/2013 - Proportionate maintenance charges
payable to RCIL for the year 2012-13.
•Telecom Circular No. 7/2013 - VHF sets-MIL Standard Compliance.
•Telecom Circular No. 5/2013 - Consolidated instructions for provision
of Display Board for various Passenger Information System.
Policy Decisions will be Subject Wise

Operational and administrative communication system

&
•RailTel
•Disaster Management
•Railnet
•Public Amenities
•Broadband
•Telephones
•CUG Phones
•VHF
JPO : JOINT PROCEDURE ORDER.
Ex: Prevention of Cable Cuts ( issued by RB)
VHF sets utilization in IR
Inspection of Surveillance system (issued by Zonal
Railways)

MOU : Memorandum Of Understanding.

Ex: Between Indian Railways and Airtel (RB level)
Between Zonal Railways and RCIL ( Zonal level)
PCDO: Periodical Comprehensive Demi Official

MCDO: Monthly Comprehensive Demi Official

TAP : Telecom Action Plan

(TAIAP:Telecom Reliability Improvement Action
Plan)

Special reports

Compliance on Inspection report

Messages

Official Letters
All the above reports play a vital role as a method
of supervision of the Telecom assets in Railways.
By going through these reports the higher officials
will evaluate the performance of different
segments in Telecom.

The aim of PCDO/MCDO is to get acquaint the

Zonal Railway / Railway Board with the latest
position working of Railways.
PCDO document contains:
1.Highlights of the month. 2. Telecom works
3. Assistance required from HQ
4. Inspection done during month 5. Stores & Estb.
6. The PCDO doc. Has to be submitted by 25 th
of every month to Sr DSTE.
TELECOM RELIABILITY IMPROVEMENT ACTION PLAN (TRIAP) T 4.0 A

1.Drawings and documentation.

2.Improvements to the Cabling system.
3.Maintenance Aids
4.Security & Protection works for Railnet
5.AMC/ARC for telecom systems
6.Automatic Volume Control for Station PA System
7.Review of BSNL channel & upgradation of RCIL channels.
8.Provision of telecom equipment in ART and MRV.
9.Co-ordination meeting with RCIL, BSNL and Project/Construction units.
10.Power Supply, Earthing and Surge Protection system.
11.Provision of PD MUX in divisional HQRS for all control circuit to work on
the E1 protection path.
12.Execution of S&T, Road Safety and Passenger amenity LSWP telecom
works.
13.Testing of telecom systems.
14.Improvement in Airtel’s coverage over the division.
15.Training and Manpower.
16.Innovations and new ideas.
The efficiency of a circuit
Efficiency = ( A – B ) X100
A
A = Total working hours in a month.
B = Total working hours lost on account of
interruptions.

The efficiency has to be calculated for

i) Operating efficiency
ii) Circuit efficiency
 Signal and Telecom Units

The work load of S & T department is measured

in terms of Integrated Signal and Telecom Units

These units are bench mark for manpower

planning and management., i.e., for
justification of existing posts and creation of
new posts.

These units have to be prepared by SSE, once

in year and to be submitted to HQ.
 DISTU , DESU & DETU

The work load of S & T department in a Divisional

Railway is measured in terms of Divisional
Integrated Signal & Telecommunication Units
(DISTU)

DISTU comprises of

(i) equated workload for maintenance of

signalling equipment (DESU)

(ii) Equated workload for maintenance of

telecom equipment (DETU)
ZISTU : Zonal Integrated Signal and Telecom Units

The work load of S & T department in a Zonal

Railway is measured in terms of Zonal Integrated
Signal and Telecom Units (ZISTUs) which
comprises of
(i) equated workload for maintenance of
signalling equipment (ZESU);
(ii) Equated workload for maintenance of
telecom equipment (ZETU) and
(iii) Equated workload for management of
S&T workshop (ZEW) on that Zone.
 Codel life
The expected standard life of equipments intended to serve and to take a
decision for replacement of the assets for effective functioning and utilisation
of equipments for safe running of train traffic system.

Expected standard life (Codal life) of some Telecom Equipment are:

 OBJECTIVES OF MAINTENANCE

TO EXTEND THE USEFUL LIFE OF EQUIPMENT

TO ASSURE OPTIMUM AVAILABILITY OF THE

INSTALLED EQUIPMENT

TO ENSURE OPERATIONAL READINESS OF

ALL EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED FOR
EMERGENCY

TO ENSURE SAFETY FOR PERSONNEL USING

SUCH FACILITY
TYPES OF MAINTENANCE

1. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE(PM)

2. CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE(CM)
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE (PM)
(First Level Maintenance)
1.TUNING OR ADJUSTMENTS

2. LUBRICATION

3. INSPECTION

4. CLEANING Etc.

5. MAJOR PART OF PM IS INVOLVES

INSPECTION BY LOOK, FEEL & LISTEN
 CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE (CM)
(Second Level Maintenance)

ONLY WHEN IT IS NECESSARY DUE TO

MALFUNCTION OR FAILURE
 Failures
Failures which have affected the final performance of
Telecom system i.e. failures affecting transmission,
complete shut down, failure of complete function.
Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) is a reliability term used
to provide the amount of failures per million hours for a product.
when equipment such as Chargers, Train Operation equipment,
Media converters or Switches must be installed into critical
applications, MTBF becomes very important.
Total working hours
MTBF = ------------------------------------
Number of failures of sub system
Total working hours of Eqpt = Σ number of Eqpt provided
x working hours, of Eqpt system.
Mean Time To Repair (MTTR) is the time needed to
repair a failed hardware module. In an operational
system, repair generally means replacing a failed
hardware part. Thus, hardware MTTR could be viewed
as mean time to replace a failed hardware module.
Taking too long to repair a product drives up the cost
of the installation in the long run, due to down time until
the new part arrives and the possible window of time
required to schedule the installation.
To avoid/minimise, MTTR, procurement of spare
products so that a replacement can be installed
quickly.
 CLASSIFICATION OF FAILURES
 DISRUPTIVE
 EQUIPMENT DOES NOT OPERATE AS INTENDED

 DISSIPATIVE
 EQUIPMENT EXPERIENCES REPEATED STRESSES
THAT LEAD TO FAILURE LATER FOR NO APPARENT
REASON

 DESTRUCTIVE
 EQUIPMENT FAILS AT THE INSTANT THE
DISTURBANCE OCCURS
BPAC
 Block Proving by Axle Counter is a
system used for controlling the
coordinated movement of the train in
the block section working on absolute
block working principle.
 Rugged communication line in 6 Q

cable /channel in OFC is required for

transmission of error-free data.
Classification of stations is linked to the rules for
block system working - Class A, B, C,D.

Group of Routes in BG: A,B,C,D, D-spl & E.

(based on traffic density)

Standard of Interlocking
(based on speed of section) :
1(<50Kmph), 2 (<110 Kmph),3 (<140 Kmph)&
4(140-160 Kmph)

Category of Stations: A-1,A,,B,C,D,E& F

(Commercial Classification- based on revenue)
Life Cycle Cost of Telecom
plant
(Phase vice)
1. Procurement
2. Installation and Commissioning
3. Operation and Maintenance
4. Codal life and Disposal
Telecom System in Indian Railways
1. Train Traffic Safety Circuits ( in 6 quad cable)
2. Train Traffic Safety Communication (VHF,MTRC, TCAS)
3. Train Traffic Communication (CTO,TPC,RC,TLC,ENGG,
Hot Line, Auto TP in OFC)
4.Data Circuits (UTS,PRS,FOIS,RAILNET,DATA LOGGERS)
5.Switching (C-DOT, ISDN, VoIP)
6. Passenger Amenities.(PA, TIBs,CIBS,POET,DTES-Touch
Screens, FRBS, BSNL phones)
7.Passenger Safety System. (Surveillance System & ISS)
8. Accident site Communication (ART,ARMV,V-SAT,6Q-
OFC,VHF,CUG)
9.Alternate Communication for TTC (BSNL Phones, BSNL
Leased lines, CUG )
Some of the typical requirements of
Telecom equipment Power Supplies at
the station are:
SN Name of Equipment Working Required
Voltage Current
1. 25W VHF Set 12V DC 2-3 Amp
2. VF Repeater 12V DC 0.5 Amp
3. Gate Telephone 12V DC 100mA
4. Way Station Control 12V DC 100mA
Telephone
5. STM1/4 OFC Equipment 48V DC 3 Amp
6. PD MUX 48V DC 2 Amp
7. Router 12V DC 3 Amp
8. Switch 12V DC 2 Amp
9. IPIS 230V AC 5 Amps(6
Line)
10. Auto Announcement 230V AC 5 Amps
system
11. Digital Clock 230V AC 1 Amp/PF
Clock
12. Coach Guidance 230V AC 4 Amp /PF
 Registers / Documentation
to be maintained at Telecom Installations
Exchange
Indoor : 1) Exchange layout plan, 2) Rack layout plan for
each rack with connection details, 3) MDF and IDF
termination plan, 4) Installation manual for equipment, 5)
Software documentation, 6) Operation and maintenance
manual, 7) Wiring diagram for power panel, 8) Manual for
battery chargers, 9) Battery maintenance register
Outdoor : 1) Telephone No. wise subscriber’s details, 2)
Subscriber wise Telephone Directory, 3) Cable/ Overhead
layout plan, 4) Subscriber premises wiring plan typical.
OFC system
1) KM wise diagram (soft & hard copy), 2) Channel planning
chart , 3) E1 allocations chart, 4) STM 1 eqpt. Test register ,
5) PD MUX test register, 6) SMPS battery charger test register, 7)
maintenance register, 8) Earth measurement register, 9) Fibre
joint test register with RCIL. 10) Installation Manuals of STM1
eqpt., 11) Operation Manuals of STM1 eqpt., 12) Maintenance
mannuals of STM1 eqpt., 13) Installation Manuals of PD MUX,
14) Operation Manuals of PD MUX, 15) Maintenance mannuals of
PD MUX, 16) SMPS battery charger.

Quad Cable
1) Km wise Cable route diagram (soft & hard
copy), 2) Quad cable allocation chart, 3) Quad
cable testing register
Data Networks ( UTS/ PRS / FOIS/
Railnet/MIS)
1) Approved network diagram, 2) Actual network
diagram, 3) E1 alloction for RCIL channels and channel
detils for BSNL channels, 4) E1 Ring protection for RCIL /
BSNL channel details

Accident communication
1) Details of EC socket, 2) L-14 diagram for O/H lines,
3) Zonal Rly. Telephone directory, 4) Zonal CUG mobile
dirctory, 5) Satellite phone directory, 6) Rly. Board
telephone directory, 7) Disaster management telephone
directory, 8) OFC/ Quad Cable route diagram, 9) Train
Time Table
MW / UHF system
1) Log book for on duty TCM/WTM , 2) Failure Register, 3) Fading
Register , 4) Diesel Generator Register & fuel register , 5) Power
Supply failure register & AC register , 6) Cable Termintion
Register , 7) Maintenance and line up report of equipment and
Earth. 8) Technical Literature of all communication equipments
such as Radio, multiplexing, 9) Technical Literature of Charger,
stabiliser along with circuit diagram., 10) Tower Register.

Drawings/ Specifications & Circulars/ JPOs

( Avalable at Divisional HQs/ section SSE level)

1) Set of all IRS (TC) drawings, 2) Set of all RDSO drawings , 3) Set
of all IRS (TC) Specifictions, 4) Set of all RDSO Specifictions, 5)
Rly. Board Circulars, 6) Rly. Board JPOs. 7) Set of all Zonal
Circulars, 8) Set of all Zonal JPOs. 9) Jurisdictions chart of
Quad cable /OFC maintenance staff & telecommunication
equipment maintenance staff
Passenger Amenities ( at Stations )
1) Approved Installation network diagram, 2) Actual
network diagram, 3) AMC /ARC particulars 4) Inspection
registers.

Equipment Register

1) At stations for all equipments 2) At LC gates 3) At

TSS/SSP/SP locations.
 PCDO / Telecom Action Plan Discuss in detail – 30 min

The maximum permissible potentional difference between Neutral and Earth

in 220V AC supply meant for all Telecom Installations. ---10 min
The difference between Transmission racks and networking racks ----10 min
TS allocation plan & TS allocation for HL / Data logger -- 10 min
Equipments arrangements in OFC hut / Block diagram - -- 15 min

Integrated Cable Path Diagram ---10 min

ISS -- 10
min
Things to be checked by JE/SSE/Telecom at the time of EC testing --10 min
EC circuit arrangement in 6Q / OFC territory --15 min

Arrangement of quad cable connectivity between SSDAC modems

used for BPAC system in a block section. -20 min
Block circuit connectivity in quad cable --10 min
V SAT –15
min
EC socket –10
min
COMMUNICATION REQUIREMENTS FOR NEW STATIONS
1 Opening of new stations whether in an already existing line or as part of a new
section shall be governed by “ Rules for opening of a Railway”.
2 Communication systems for new sections shall be planned on underground cable
only.
Suitable system to meet the future communication requirement of the section shall
be planned. Adequate capacity shall be built in to meet the safety requirements of
block working, TAWD, BPAC, emergency requirements for accident communication
etc.
3 Communication arrangements at a new station shall be governed by:
a) Controlled / Uncontrolled section.
b) Electrified/Non-electrified section.
c) Importance in terms of the various departmental staff to be
Posted at the station.
4 The following communication arrangements shall be provided at new stations:
a) Control telephone in controlled sections.
b) Phone communication to all manned level crossing gates controlled
from the station.
c) 25W VHF sets with proper standby power supply.
d) Communication arrangements with sidings. Mode of communication shall
be decided by the Railway administration, depending on the
importance of the siding.
e) BSNL phone wherever feasible. In the absence of feasibility for land
line BSNL phone, wherever WLL phone is feasible, it shall be provided.
f) In new sections, telephone exchange shall be provided at important
stations where there is a sizeable establishment for railway working.
Wherever feasible, such exchanges shall be connected by
suitable means to the divisional exchange.
g) In all new sections, S&T controls shall be provided connecting
SE/JE (S&T)Offices and residences of Technicians (S&T) etc. This
shall however be subject to availability of channel in the main
communication system.
h) In all new sections, Engg. Control shall be provided connecting
SE/JE ( P.Way ) offices and residences. This shall however be
subject to availability of channel in the main communication
system.
i) In a new section, communication arrangements for block working to
suit the system of working to be followed shall be provided.
j) In electrified territory, TPC phone shall be provided.
.
5 Additional communication facilities be provided in new electrified sections,
shall be governed by the provisions in Chapter - IV of the 25KV AC traction
manual
6 All the communication equipments shall be provided with suitable power
supply
arrangements and proper protective arrangements.
7 All the communication equipments and power supply units shall be
properly earthed.
8. Besides telecommunication facilities, one or more of the following
facilities are to be
provided depending on the importance of the station.
a) Platform clocks.
b) PA systems for announcements on the platforms.
c) Rly and BSNL Telephones for Train Enquiry Communication.
d) IVRS systems.
e) Train Indication Board as per Railway Board’s guidelines
The Telecommunications traffic: unit is Erlang (E)
which is named after A.K. Erlang.
The traffic intensity is defined as the average number of
calls in progress.
The 220V AC power supply to all telecom
installations has to be extended from AC supply
CLS panel available in ASM room with suitable
MCB protection. ( Local EB / UP & DN AT /
Generator supply)

At stations, where telecom installations (for OFC,

V.F.repeater, Microwave or cable) are located
within 2 Kms stations, a power cable of suitable
size will be laid from the automatic chage over
panel in ASM’s room to the repeater stations by
Electrical Department to provide stand by power
supply.
Structured Cabling (Cables, Racks, Connectors – all passive
devices)

Cabling architectures, if not chosen correctly, could force an early

replacement of the cabling infrastructure to meet connectivity
requirements in the network and transmission system.

A 19-inch rack is a standardized frame or enclosure for mounting

multiple equipment modules. Each module has a front panel that is 19
inches (482.6 mm) wide, including edges or ears that stick out on each
side which allow the module to be fastened to the rack frame with
screws.
Equipment designed to be placed in a rack is typically described as
rack-mount, rack-mount instrument, a rack mounted system, a
rack mount chassis, subrack, rack mountable, or occasionally
simply shelf. The height of the electronic modules is also standardized
as multiples of 1.75 inches (44.45 mm) or one rack unit or U . The
Telecom industry standard rack cabinet is 4/9/12/24/42 U tall and depth
of 400/600/800/1000 mm.

Connectors : RJ-45, DB25, IO box, OF patch cords, Splitters etc.

VSAT : Very Small Aperture Terminal
VSAT provides Point to Point or Point to Multi Point data connectivity using
Geostationary Satellite as repeater location. As satellite is being used as
repeating stations, the data originating and terminating point can be any
where on the earth.
VSAT networks are typically used for Video Surveillance, Video
Conferencing,
, Internet Kiosk etc. Railway is using them to provide data connectivity
between various goods terminals and CRIS as well as for video conferencing
applications. It shall also be used for Accident Site Communication for voice,
data and video transmission.

VSAT Network Components

The network works in Star as well as Mesh architecture and consists of
i) Hub Earth Station
ii) Remote Earth Station
iii) Satellite Transponder & Space Link
iv) Network Control Centre
v) Interface Equipment
 V SAT System Architecture

Location 3

Railtel 512Kbps

512Kbps
Location 2

2Mbps
OFC Link MPLS cloud 512Kbps

HQ
VSAT HUB Location 1
NDLS

H.Q Eqpt. Interfaced to

Exchange & Control Board
(4-wire) /UTS/PRS/FOIS
TYPICAL EARTHING ARRANGEMENT IN BPAC
PROPER SOLDERING / TINKERING OF EARTH LEADS IN BPAC LB
Telecom Cable Laying Supervision Policy
PROTECTION OF U/G TELECOM
CABLES & JPO IMPLEMENTATION
 Railway Board have issued detailed
instructions for laying Telecommunications
cables in the vicinity of track, vide JPO under
Telecom circular no: 17/2013, dt: 24-06-2013.
 Strictly follow the JPOs issued by RB & HQ

 Cable protective works to be carried out soon

after monsoon.
 Cable to be tested before & after laying.

 Periodical testing of cable shall be carried out

as per schedule.
CABLE PATH DIAGRAMS
 IntegratedCable Path Diagrams
The combined cable path diagram of Signals,
Telecom and OFC shall be prepared with
reference to OHE mast or other land marks in
Station Yard called as offset.
The periodicity of offset measurement is 30
meters in block section.
The exact distance between cable path and
centre of the main line track is to be recorded in
the combined cable path diagram.
These set diagrams shall be made available
with all S&T and Engineering staff.
CABLE MARKERS

 The cable routes shall be clearly demarcated by

suitable concrete/stone/fiber markers for
identification in future.
 After completion of cable laying, cable route

markers shall be provided at regular intervals of

50 meters on the cable route.
 Cable Markers shall be provided at all types of

cable joints.
AMC
 AMC: ANNUAL MAINTENANCE CONTRACT
 Annual Maintenance Contract hereinafter referred to as
(“CONTRACT”) is made on this the ______________ day
of __________ between M/s ________________________,
having one of its Station/ location at __________ (hereinafter
referred to as Vendor and SR DSTE/ _____/___. (hereinafter
referred to as “CUSTOMER”)
1. Duration of CONTRACT : The duration of CONTRACT
is one year starting from _________ to __________.
2. Periodic Maintenance Service : Vendor shall arrange
to depute his technically competent representative to
respective Location / Station to provide maintenance
services.
 3. Breakdown Maintenance Service: The
Maintenance Service shall include remedial
maintenance service (i.e. error fixing) for any
significant error, malfunction or defect in the
various software / systems supplied by the service
includes fault finding and rectification of all
hardware, and equipment and software problems.
The report mentioning the activities / checking
carried out during the visit should be submitted to
Sr DSTE/___/___for each visit.
 4. Penalty charges
a. Description during
b. Time allowed AMC
c. Penalty : in case of delay
charges
for rectification beyond stipulated period/days
 u . .
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