Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 8 views

    Lecture 8

    Uploaded by

    Temogo Khumo Reetsang

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Lecture 8

    Uploaded by

    Temogo Khumo Reetsang
    8 views11 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    8 views11 pages

    Lecture 8

    Uploaded by

    Temogo Khumo Reetsang

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 11

    Force on a Curved Immersed Surface

    Vertical plane
    C

    Center of
    curvature
    FH
    Force on a Curved Immersed Surface
    Calculation of the resultant force on a curved immersed surface is
    given by the following steps
    1.The resultant force acts at right angles to the curved surface.
    This force can be thought of as having both a horizontal (FH) and a
    vertical (FV) component

    2. To calculate the horizontal component of the resultant force,


    project the curved surface onto a vertical plane. This is effectively
    what you would see if you looked at the curved surface from the front.
    Calculate the force on this projected vertical surface as you would
    any other vertical surface using FH =ghGA, where A is the area of
    the projected vertical surface and not the area of the actual curved
    surface

    3.Calculate the vertical component of the resultant force by


    evaluating the weight of the volume(V) of water above the curved
    surface, that is FV =gV
    Force on a Curved Immersed Surface
    4. The resultant force, F is given by F = (F2H +F2V)1/2

    5. The direction of the resultant force can be found from


    Tan() = Fv/FH
    This gives the angle, , of the resultant to the horizontal.

    6. Always remember that there is an equal and opposite force acting


    on the other side of the surface. This fact comes in useful later,
    because it is always easier to calculate the force on the upper
    surface, even if this is not the surface in contact with the water
    Force on a Curved Immersed Surface
    Worked Example
    A surface consists of a quarter of a circle of radius 2.0m. It is located
    with its top edge 1.5 m below the water surface. Calculate the
    magnitude and direction of the resultant force on the upper surface

    STEP 1: Project the curved surface onto a vertical plane and


    calculate FH
    FH = ghGA, where A is the area of the projected vertical surface
    Since the length of the curved surface is not given, calculate the
    force per meter length with L = 1.0 m
    Thus A = 2 x 1.0 = 2 m2 per meter length
    The value of hG is that for the proposed vertical surface
    hG = 1.5 + (2.0/2) = 2.5 m.
    FH = 1000x9.81x2.5x2.0 = 49.05 x 103 N/m
    Force on a Curved Immersed Surface
    Worked Example
    2.0m

    1.5 m
    hG
    C

    Fv
    G 2.0m
    FH
    Force on a Curved Immersed Surface
    Worked Example
    STEP 2: Calculate FV from the weight of water above the surface
    FV = gV, where V is the volume of water above the curved surface
    Again using 1 m length
    V = ¼(x2.0x2.0) x 1.0 + 2.0x1.5x1.0 = 6.14 m3 per meter length

    FV = 1000x9.81x6.14 = 60.23 x 103 N/m


    Force on a Curved Immersed Surface
    Worked Example
    A radial gate whose face is part of a circle of radius 5.0 m holds back
    water as shown on the figure below. The sector of the circle
    represented by the gate has an angle of 30° at its center. Water
    stands to a depth of 2.0 m above the top of the upstream face of the
    gate. The other side of the gate is open to the atmosphere. Determine
    the magnitude and direction of the resultant hydrostatic force. The
    gate is 3.5 m long

    Air

    2.0 m
    5.0 m C
    30°

    water 5.0 m
    Gate
    Force on a Curved Immersed Surface
    Worked Example
    Displaced
    F H water V

    2.0m
    hG
    E D
    C
    60°
    G
    5.0m 2.5 m
    FH
    Fv
    A B
    4.33 m
    Force on a Curved Immersed Surface
    Worked Example
    STEP 1: Project the curved surface onto a vertical plane and
    calculate FH
    Vertical height of projection = BC = 5.0x Cos(60°) = 2.5 m
    hG = 2.0 + (2.5/2) = 3.25 m, and A = 2.5 x 3.5= 8.75 m2
    FH = g hG A=1000x9.81x3.25x8.75=278.97x 103 N
    Force on a Curved Immersed Surface
    Worked Example
    STEP 2: Calculate FV from the weight of water above the surface
    in this case calculate the weight of the water that would be above
    the gate if it was not there, that is the weight of the water displaced
    by the gate. This is shown by AEFH in the diagram. The width of this
    Area can be calculated as
    AB = 5.0x Sin(60°) = 4.33 m, So DE = 5.00 – 4.33 = 0.67 m
    The area ADE ( and subsequently AEFH) can be found by using
    Geometry
    Thus area sector ACE = (30/360) of a 5.0m radius circle
    i.,e (30/360)xx5.0x5.0 = 6.54 m2
    Area of triangle ACD = (1/2)x2.5x 4.33 = 5.41m2
    Area ADE = 6.54 – 5.41 = 1.13 m2
    Therefore the total area AEFH = 1.13 + o.67x2.0 = 2.47 m2
    Volume of water displaced = V = 2.47 x 3.5 = 8.65 m3

    FV = gV= 1000x9.81x8.65= 84.86 x 103 N


    Force on a Curved Immersed Surface
    Worked Example

    You might also like