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CUITM114 Arrays Revision

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6 views10 pages

CUITM114 Arrays Revision

Uploaded by

convincenemapare
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Arrays

Single Dimension and


Multidimensional
What is an Array
• An array is a group of contiguous memory locations
that all have the same data type.
• Array is the collection of similar data types or
collection of similar entity stored in contiguous
memory location.
• Each data item of an array is called an element.
• And each element is unique and located in separated
memory location.
• Each of elements of an array share a variable but each
element having different index number
Types of Arrays
1. Single dimensional array

2. Multidimensional array
Single Dimensional Array Declaration
• An array is declared in the same manner as ordinary variables, except that
each array name must be accompanied by a size specification.

• type array_name[array_size];

• where array_name is the name of an array of n elements of the type


specified. The size of an array must be an integer constant.
• The integer array declaration int x[100], creates an array that is 100 elements
along with the first element being at index 0 and the last being at index 99.
• Example of array declarations are :
int i[100];
char text[80];
float n[12];
Array initialisation
• An array can be initialized when declared by specifying
the values of some or all of its elements.
• Arrays can be initialized at the time of declaration when
their initial values are known in advance.
• The values to initialize an array must be constants never
variables or function calls
• Examples of Array initialisation
int array[5]={4,6,5,7,2};
int array[] = {23,40,10};
float x[6]={2.25,0.25,0,-0.50,5.2,0.75};
Array Initialisation using User input
• An array can be initialised from input entered using standard
input(from keyboard) with the help of a loop
• Example
int arr[5],i;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
printf(“enter a value for arr[%d] \n”,i);
scanf(“%d”,&arr[i]);
}
The above code will create an array arr with a size of 5 and the
array is initialised with values entered by the user
Accessing Array Elements
• An element is accessed by indexing the array
name. This is done by placing the index of the
element within square brackets after the
name of the array. For example:
double rate = array[7];
The above statement will take 8th element from
the array and assign the value to rate variable
Example Program
/*Write a program to input values into an array and display them*/
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int arr[5],i;
for(i=0;i<5;i++)
{
printf(“enter a value for arr[%d] \n”,i);
scanf(“%d”,&arr[i]);
}
printf(“the array elements are: \n”);
for (i=0;i<5;i++)
{
printf(“%d\t”,arr[i]);
}
return 0;
}
Example 2
/* Write a program to add 10 array elements */
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
int i ;
int arr [10];
int sum=o;
for (i=0; i<=9; i++)
{
printf (“enter the %d element \n”, i+1);
scanf (“%d”, &arr[i]);
}
for (i=0; i<=9; i++)
{
sum = sum + a[i];
}
printf (“the sum of 10 array elements is %d”, sum);
}
Exercise
• Using an Array write a program that accepts 5
values from a user and it then displays the
average of the 5 values entered.

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