COMPUTER
PROGRAMMING 1
PUPSMB, 1st Sem.,
A.Y. 2024-2025
Engr. Christopher Cunanan
1
C Basic Construct
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main(void)
{
return 0;
} 2
First Program
#include<stdio.h> -header.contains library for input/output
int main(void) -main function. Every C program must
have a main function and/or subfunctions
-int-because it returns an integer
-void-needs no input for it to run
{ -begin
printf("\n\n\n\t\t\t Hello World! \n\n\t");
-print function, message, terminator
return 0; -return function. 0 is error free execution.
} -end
3
printf & scanf Function
printf("\n\n\t\t\t Enter an integer: ");
-printf (“ message here “ );
- \n = new line, \t = tab
scanf (" %d " , &a );
- scanf( “ % placeholder “ , & variable );
- d - integer (whole numbers)
- f - float ( real numbers, + or -, with decimal
- c - character ( letters A – Z, 0 – 9)
- s - string ( words like names, etc)
4
printf for output
printf("\n\n\n\t\t\t The sum is equal to: %d
\n\n\t", sum );
Syntax: printf (“ placeholder”, variable);
- printf( “ % d ” , sum);
d - integer (whole numbers)
-number of placeholder = number of variable/s
5
printf for output
printf("\n\n\n\t\t\t The sum of %d and %d
is equal to: %d \n\n\t",a,b,sum );
Syntax: printf (“ placeholder”, variable);
- printf( “%d %d %d ”, a, b, sum);
d - integer (whole numbers)
-number of placeholder = number of variable/s
-3 integer placeholders = 3 variables(a,b,sum)
6
Add Program (revised)
#include<stdio.h>
int main(void) {
int a,b;
printf("\n\n\t\t\t Enter an integer: ");
scanf ("%d", &a);
printf("\n\n\t\t\t Enter another integer: ");
scanf ("%d", &b);
printf("\n\n\n\t\t\t The sum of %d and %d is equal to:
%d \n\n\t", a, b, a+b );
return 0; }
7
Hypothenuse Program
#include<stdio.h>
#include<math.h>
int main(void) {
float a,b, c;
printf("\n\n\t\t\t Enter the value of the adjacent side a: ");
scanf ("%f", &a);
printf("\n\n\t\t\t Enter the value of the opposite side b: ");
scanf ("%f", &b);
c= sqrt(a*a + b*b);
printf("\n\n\n\t\t\tThe hypothenuse is equal to: %0.2f \n\n\t",
c );
return 0; }
8
#include<stdio.h>
int main(void) {
float A,C,r;
printf("\n\t\t AREA AND CIRCUMFERENCE OF A CIRCLE ");
printf("\n\tEnter the RADIUS OF THE CIRCLE: ");
scanf ("%f", &r);
A= 3.1416*r*r;
C=2*3.1416*r;
printf("\n\t\t\t The AREA OF THE CIRCLE IS %0.2f SQUARE
UNIT/S", A);
printf("\n\t\t\t The CIRCUMFERENCE OF THE CIRCLE IS
%0.2f UNIT/S\n\n\n\n", C);
return 0; }
9
#include<stdio.h>
#define PI 3.1416
#define P printf
#define S scanf
int main(void) {
float A,C,r;
P("\n\n\t\tAREA AND CIRCUMFERENCE OF A CIRCLE ");
P("\n\t\tEnter the value of the RADIUS OF THE CIRCLE: ");
S ("%f", &r);
A= PI*r*r;
C=2*PI*r;
P("\n\tAREA OF THE CIRCLE IS %0.2f SQUARE UNIT/S", A);
P("\n\\tTHE CIRCUMFERENCE IS %0.2f UNIT/S\n\n\n\n", C);
return 0; }
10
Relational and Logical Operators
> - greater than
>= - greater than or equal
< - less than
<= - less than or equal
= - assignment operator (X=5)
== - is equal to (use to compare)
! - not (!= - not equal to)
&& - and operator(both condition = T)
|| - or operator(at least one condition is T)11
Conditional Statements
• if Condition
Syntax: (two alternatives)
if (condition/s)
statement/s
else
statement/s
Ex.
If (BEP==10)
printf(“ This is the Break-Even Point!”);
else
printf(“ You need more sales!”);
12
if Condition (sample program)
#include<stdio.h>
int main(void) {
int Inv;
printf("\n\t\t Enter the current value of stock # AB143: ");
scanf ("%d", &Inv);
if (Inv<=20)
printf("\n\t\tTHIS STOCK HAS REACHED ITS CRITICAL
LEVEL! YOU SHOULD ORDER THIS STOCK ASAP! \n\n\n\n" );
else
printf("\n\n\t\t\t THIS STOCK IS STILL ABOVE THE
TRESHOLD VALUE of 20 UNITS. \n\n\n\n" );
return 0; }
13
Conditional Statements
• if Condition
Syntax: (multiple alternatives)
if condition/s
statement/s
else if condition/s
statement/s
else if condition/s
statement/s
…
else
statement/s
14
Conditional Statements
• if Condition : (problem application using && operator)
Grade Range | Equivalent Grade Range | Equivalent
98-100 | 1.0 84-86 | 2.25
95-97 | 1.25 81-83 | 2.50
93-94 | 1.50 78-80 | 2.75
90-92 | 1.75 75-77 | 3.0
87-89 | 2.0 74 below | 5.00
Use G for Grade variable ( T ) && ( T) – will result to TRUE
If ((G>=98) && (G<=100)) - this is how you should write your
first if condition!
15
if Condition (sample program)
#include<stdio.h>
int main(void) {
int G;
printf("\n\n\t\t\t Enter your Grade: ");
scanf ("%d", &G);
if ((G>=98) && (G<=100))
printf("\n\n\t\t\tYOUR GRADE IS EQUIVALENT TO 1.0! \n\n\n\n " );
else if ((G>=95) && (G<=97))
printf("\n\n\t\t\tYOUR GRADE IS EQUIVALENT TO 1.25! \n\n\n\n " );
…
else if ((G>=75) && (G<=77))
printf("\n\n\t\t\tYOUR GRADE IS EQUIVALENT TO 3.0! \n\n\n\n " );
else
printf("\n\n\t\t\tYOUR GRADE IS EQUIVALENT TO 5.0! SEE YOU NEXT
SEMESTER! \n\n\n\n " );
return 0; }
16
if Condition (sample program)
if ( (NCEE>=90) || (EE > 89) )
printf("\n\n\t\t\you are qualified for the scholarship! \n\
n\n\n " );
17
Conditional Statements
• while Repetition Structure (Looping)
Syntax:
while (condition)
{
statement/s
}
18
Conditional Statements
• while Repetition Structure (sample program)
#include<stdio.h>
int main(void) {
int P=2;
printf("\n\n\t\t\t PROGRAM SHOWING THE POWERS OF 2 LESS
THAN 100 ");
while (P<=100)
{
printf("\n\n\t\t\t\t %d", P );
P=P*2;
}
return 0; }
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