End of Term 1 Review and Study Guide

Persuasive
Writing
Review
25/11/2024 Adham Elminaiwy 1

What is the purpose of
a persuasive writing or
an argumentative
A persuasivewriting?
writing or an argumentative
text is when the writer tries to persuade the
reader to do something or take and action.
Persuasive writing is a biased type because
the writer is either with or against the topic
discussed; however, an argumentative writing
is a fair one where the writer does state which
side he is supporting; however, he is giving
the pros and cons of the writing.
What should we have in our
persuasive writing?
In a persuasive writing either a biased or
argumentative one, we have 3 main factors
that must be included to make the reader
persuaded by the author’s point of view. The
three factors are:
I. LOGOS: which means your writing
consists of logic reasons and point to
make the reader persuaded. It depends
on you have a correct structure and logic
reasons.
What should we have in
our persuasive writing?
-- Continued
I. ETHOS: where the reader gains
your credibility and trust through
your correct, logic and factual
information. It is really important
to use the ETHOS in your writing
to have evidence supporting what
you are issuing.
Persuasive Devices
In a persuasive text, we use some devices in order to
have the reader persuaded either by having some of
these devices as facts and correct information or by the
vocabulary choices. These techniques or devices are
called:
a)A: Alliteration
b)F: Facts
c) O: Opinion
d)R: Rhetorical question
e)E: Emotive language
f) S: Statistics
g)T: Tricolon
Alliteration
Alliteration is when there are two words that starts
with same letter which allows the reader to memorise
it quickly: therefore, he will be convinced as he can
recall some phrases from the text as it will help the
reader become persuaded easier.
An example:
Computer devastate, demolish and damage your
eyesight.
Swimming refreshes, relaxes and calms down the
mind.
Facts
Facts are information that are true and
valid which will help the reader to be
persuaded easily as it supports the
points you are discussing with true
information which means you are
working on the ETHOS.
As an example:
Fast food consumption may cause the
person to become obese.
Opinion
Opinion is when the writer states how own point of
view as a way of persuading the reader. Usually,
opinions start with “I think” or “I believe” or even we
can show the opinion of other people without
including I.
As an example:
It is thought that sleeping late will have a huge
impact on your routine.
I believe that playing sports is one of the crucial
factors helping students to be focused in school
Rhetorical Question
A rhetorical question is a question that
the writer asks, but it doesn’t have a direct
answer but need a whole text to find its
answer. In other words, a rhetorical question
is an indirect question.
As an example:
Are you ruining your health?
Are people wise enough on social media?
Emotive Language
Emotive language is when we use powerful
vocabulary and ambitious ones in order to have
an impact on the reader’s feelings to make him
persuaded. Emotive language works on the
PATHOS of a persuasive/argumentative text.
As an example:
The whole universe is not aware of the danger of
AI.
The world is missing your mind.
Statistics
Statistics are factual information,
but with percentage after a study or a
research has been done to this topic.
Statistics works on including the ETHOS
in our persuasive/argumentative
As an example:
Studies have proven, that 35% of
teenagers especially girls are addicted
Tri-colon
Tri-colon is when we have
three words next to each
other that are related and
that they form a rhythm that
the reader can memorise.
As an example:
Trees all around us are simply
Imperative Verbs
Imperative verbs or commands
are verbs used to direct the reader
and persuade to urge and take an
action. The repetition of imperative
verbs will immensely affect the
reader because it makes the reader
think that they should follow the
action stated in the persuasive text.
Direct Address
Direct Address is used in order to help the
reader get engaged in the text by using we or us
as it makes the reader feel that he is included.
Moreover, direct address allows helps the reader
to feel directed by using you.
As an example:
I think you should get up and play sports instead
of weakening your eyesight by screens.
We must stop polluting the environment.
Bullet Points
Bullets points helps to list out the ideas in a
clear, vivid and direct way for the reader to
understand and see. In addition, bullet points
helps to separate a couple of ideas in a list.
As an example:
Furthermore, to stop polluting the world we must:
• Stop burning fossil fuels;
• Use less fuels and
• Use electric cars.
Vocabulary in Persuasive
writing
In order to have a variety in vocabulary to
emphasise the PATHOS, we use connotations
and denotations to helps our ideas to be
Connotation
clearly said Denotations
to the reader with an impact
otherwise it will be useless.
Connotations is when we use a Denotations is the literal meaning
word, but we have a hidden of the word that we will find in a
meaning in this word that we are dictionary. There are no hidden
trying to make the reader reach it meanings.
out. Example:
Example: My heart has problems in
Cairo is at the heart of Egypt. pumping blood with high
Here the connotation is heart Adham Elminaiwy
25/11/2024
pressure. Here I used heart with 16
Point Evidence Explanation
(P.E.E.) Paragraphs
The P.E.E paragraph is used in order to
write a meaningful, well-structured and
organised a piece of paragraph for the
reader to read orgainsed thoughts.
Point: A point in a paragraph is main key
point that the whole paragraph is
discussing and just by reading the point I
must know what the whole paragraph is
about. The point of a paragraph usually
takes from 1-2 sentences = or even more,
Point Evidence
Explanation (P.E.E.)
Paragraphs --
Continued
fully convinced and persuaded about the
topic. In the explanation you are saying why
you chose this point of view with all the
details you want to include.
Evidence: That is where you are supporting
your key point and explanation with either
statistics or facts to work on the ETHOS and
make the reader trust your writing.
Point Evidence
Explanation (P.E.E.)
Paragraphs --
Continued

Structure of Argumentative
Text
1.Title
2.Introduction
3.Body Paragraph 1 (where three points for
are stated)
4.Body Paragraph 2 (where three points
against are stated)
5.Counter Argument
6.Conclusion
Title
A title is needed for all texts in
order to tell the reader what the
topic the text will discuss. It is
better to have an eye-catching title
for the reader to be hooked up
maybe by using alliteration or
rhetorical question.
Introduction
Introduction is where you generalize the
whole topic you will be talking about
including a thesis statement which will
contain the general topic your are writing
about. Also in the introduction you are trying
to as rhetorical questions that you will
answer throughout the whole text . Lastly,
and introduction will help the reader to have
an idea what he will be reading about.
Body Paragraphs
In a argumentative writing,
you must have 2 body
paragraphs one stating 3 points
(for) about the topic and the
other 3 points (against) because
to make the text balanced even
though you are stating which
Counter Argument
Counter arguments is when
you are not fully opposing
your ideas, but opposing the
way it has gone out or a way
how it is done and then
giving another alternative for
Conclusion
The conclusion is when you
sum up the whole text into
direct points for anyone who
reads them will be able to
know and understand what it
is about.
SPaG
Don’t forget to:
Write correct spelled word
Correct grammatic word
A variety od different sentences
types
Use the correct punctuation
Use the correct tense
Checklist
Form and Content:
• Introduction: where the topic is generally introduced (1 mark)
• 2 Body paragraphs: where the writer is persuading the targeted
audience about some points for and against the topic. (2 mark)
• Counter Argument: where the writer wrote down how did his
argument solution go and giving another alternative. (1 mark)
• Conclusion: where the main key points are summarized in a way
that if someone reads it he or she will have an idea about the
text. (1 mark)
/5
Checklist -- Continued
Persuasive Techniques and devices:
• The audience is targeted correctly (1 mark)
• Title (1 mark)
• Subheadings (1 mark)
• A FOREST techniques covered throughout the writing
(1 mark)
• Imperative Verbs (1 mark)
• Direct Address (1 mark)
• Point, Evidence and Explanation paragraphs (1 mark)
• Bullet lists where appropriate (1 mark)
25/11/2024
/8
Adham Elminaiwy 28
Checklist – Continued
• Grammar and Punctuation:
• Correct Punctuated words (1 mark)
• Variety of sentence types (1 mark)
• Variety of punctuation (1 mark)
• Correct Spelled words (1 mark)
• Ambitious vocabulary (1 mark)
• Vocabulary used in suitable positions (1 mark)
• Sentence Structure (1 mark)
• Overall SPaG (1 mark)
25/11/2024 /8
Adham Elminaiwy 29
End Of Writing

Reading

P.E.E Exam Questions

Explanation and Evidence Exam
Questions

Making Inferences

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