Emotional Intelligence

Emotional Intelligence
Module
What is emotion?
Emotions appear to control our everyday life. We make
choices depending on our emotions. We pick activities and hobbies
based on our feelings. Understanding emotions and having good
emotional intelligence can help us live more peacefully and securely.
The American psychological association (n.D.)
Defined emotion as “a complex reaction pattern involving
experiential, behavioral, and physiological elements by which an
individual attempts to deal with a personally significant matter or
event.” The significance of the event determines the quality of the
emotion. For example, fear is likely to happen if the situation
involves a threat.
According to psychologist Paul Eckman, fear, disgust, anger,
surprise, happiness, and sadness are the six primary emotions common
throughout societies. In the 1980s, the psychologist Robert Plutchik
devised the “wheel of emotions,” a method to classify emotions. This
model highlights how various emotions can be merged or blended in the
same manner the primary colors can be used to generate new hues.
There are eight basic emotions in Plutchik’s wheel: anger,
anticipation, joy, trust, fear, surprise, sadness, and disgust. Then in
1999, Eckman expanded his list to include embarrassment,
excitement, contempt, shame, pride, satisfaction, and amusement.
Three Elements To Understand Emotion
1. Subjective Experience, also referred to as stimulus, the

intensity of your emotion does not have to be the same with other
people. Your emotional experience depends on your perception
of the situation. For example, one person may worry about the
result of his or her exam, while the other may experience
excitement. If you ever experienced anxiety, you feel emotions
and experience
2. Physiological Response
is caused by the autonomic nervous system’s reaction to
the emotion we are experiencing.
3. Behavioral response or the physical manifestation of the

emotion. It can be a smile, a laugh, a sigh, or a frown, among
many other reactions. Our ability to understand and react to the
behavioral responses of others can mean various things about
our emotional intelligence.
Emotional Intelligence
Peter Salovey and John D. Mayer are two doctors who first explored
and defined emotional intelligence (EI).
They defined EI as “the ability to monitor one’s own and others’
feelings and emotions, to discriminate among them, and use this
information to guide one’s thinking and actions.” They claim that
people have the ability to use their emotions to improve their thinking,
judgment, and behavior. Moreover, Daniel Goleman’s best-selling book
Emotional Intelligence, published in 1995, popularized EI. According to
Goleman (1995), EI is the set of skills and characteristics that drives
leadership performance.
Five components of EI
1. Self-awareness
2. Self-regulation
3. Internal motivation
4. Empathy
5. Social skills.
• Emotionally intelligent people are open to both positive and
negative emotional experiences. They can identify their own
emotions, and they can communicate them with others
appropriately.
• Emotionally intelligent people can use their understanding of
their own emotions as well as the emotions of others to
progress in their personal and social development.
• Those with low emotional intelligence may be unable to
understand and control their own emotions as well as the
emotions of others. Others may feel bad when they do not
INTENSITY OF EMOTIONS
As you can see in the image, shows the
emotional wheel created by plutchik. He
proposed that people have eight primary
emotions, which he put on the wheel in
opposite pairings, such as sadness and joy,
anger and fear, expectation and surprise,
and acceptance and disgust. According to his
idea, these fundamental emotions can intensify,
resulting in mild, moderate, and powerful
emotions, and can combine to create new
emotional states.
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EMOTIONS
According to Cohn and Fredrickson (2009), positive

emotions are brought about by pleasant or desirable
situations and are good indicators of flourishing and optimal
well-being. These situations could result in joy, satisfaction,
love, and trust. On the other hand, negative emotions are
results of unpleasant and disruptive events. These could
result in the emotions of anger, envy, sadness, and fear (APA,
n.D.)
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EMOTIONS
• Some common positive emotions include love, joy,

satisfaction, contentment, interest, amusement, and
happiness.
• Some common negative emotions, on the other hand,
are fear, anger, disgust, sadness, and loneliness. You
may want to avoid negative emotions because they
can stress you out or they are uncomfortable to feel.
Managing Emotions
Here are some steps to improve your emotional intelligence
according to TEDx Talks:
1. Learn to acknowledge your emotions. Acknowledging one’s

emotion is critical, especially when dealing with or experiencing
negative or unpleasant emotions.
2. Differentiate and analyze emotions. All of our emotions have
benefits and functions. You just need to handle them
appropriately and positively.
3. Accept and appreciate emotions. Emotions are part of who
we are as human beings. Good or bad, emotions are important
to our lives. They just need to be properly handled.
4. Reflect where your emotions are coming from. Knowing
the reason that you feel those emotions will help you handle the
situation. Ask yourself, “Where are these emotions coming
from? What are they telling me?”.
5. Handle your emotion. Reflect on the situation and your
emotion, and think carefully before you act. Your manner of
expressing your emotion should be appropriate.
6. Shield yourself from the emotions of others. You can
always empathize with how others feel, but you do not have to
be totally affected by their experiences
ACTIVITY
Do this in a long coupon bond.
This activity will serve as your emotion thermometer. In the left column, write five common
emotions that you feel, whether positive or negative. Positive emotions can be written beside levels 1,
2, and 3 only. Negative emotions should be in level 4 and 5 only. Then in the right column, write the
ways to manage that specific emotion. An example is given as your guide.
How do you feel? What can you do?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Example:
How do you feel? What can you do?
• Relaxed 1. I will write in my journal about the things I am
grateful for to continues being relaxed.
2.
3.
4.
5.

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Emotional Intelligence

1. Subjective Experience, also referred to as stimulus, the

3. Behavioral response or the physical manifestation of the

According to Cohn and Fredrickson (2009), positive

• Some common positive emotions include love, joy,

1. Learn to acknowledge your emotions. Acknowledging one’s

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