BADMINTON

Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock

across a net. Although it may be played with larger teams, the most
common forms of the game are "singles" (with one player per side) and
"doubles" (with two players per side). Badminton is often played as a
casual outdoor activity in a yard or on a beach; formal games are played
on a rectangular indoor court. Points are scored by striking the
shuttlecock with the racquet and landing it within the other team's half
of the court.

Each side may only strike the shuttlecock once before it passes over the
net. Play ends once the shuttlecock has struck the floor or ground, or if a
fault has been called by the umpire, service judge, or (in their absence)
the opposing side.[1]

The shuttlecock is a feathered or (in informal matches) plastic projectile

that flies differently from the balls used in many other sports. In
particular, the feathers create much higher drag, causing the shuttlecock
to decelerate more rapidly. Shuttlecocks also have a high top speed
compared to the balls in other racquet sports. The flight of the
shuttlecock gives the sport its distinctive nature, and in certain
languages the sport is named by reference to this feature (e.g., German
Federball, literally feather-ball).

The game developed in British India from the earlier game of battledore
and shuttlecock. European play came to be dominated by Denmark but
the game has become very popular in Asia, with recent competitions
dominated by China. In 1992, badminton debuted as a Summer Olympic
sport with four events: men's singles, women's singles, men's doubles,
and women's doubles;[2] mixed doubles was added four years later. At
high levels of play, the sport demands excellent fitness: players require
aerobic stamina, agility, strength, speed, and precision. It is also a
technical sport, requiring good motor coordination and the development
of sophisticated racquet movements involving much greater flexibility in
the wrist than some other racquet sports.[3]
HISTORY OF
BADMINTON

The game originally developed in India among the British expatriates,[8] where it was
very popular by the 1870s.[6] Ball badminton, a form of the game played with a wool
ball instead of a shuttlecock, was being played in Thanjavur as early as the 1850s[9]
and was at first played interchangeably with badminton by the British, the woollen ball
being preferred in windy or wet weather.
Early on, the game was also known as Poona or Poonah after the garrison town of
Poona (Pune),[8][10] where it was particularly popular and where the first rules for the
game were drawn up in 1873.[6][7][b] By 1875, officers returning home had started a
badminton club in Folkestone. Initially, the sport was played with sides ranging from 1
to 4 players, but it was quickly established that games between two or four
competitors worked the best.[4] The shuttlecocks were coated with India rubber and, in
outdoor play, sometimes weighted with lead.[4] Although the depth of the net was of no
consequence, it was preferred that it should reach the ground.[4]
The sport was played under the Pune rules until 1887, when J. H. E. Hart of
the Bath Badminton Club drew up revised regulations.[5] In 1890, Hart and
Bagnel Wild again revised the rules.[6] The Badminton Association of
England (BAE) published these rules in 1893 and officially launched the
sport at a house called "Dunbar"[c] in Portsmouth on 13 September.[12]
The BAE started the first badminton competition, the All England Open
Badminton Championships for gentlemen's doubles, ladies' doubles, and
mixed doubles, in 1899.[5] Singles competitions were added in 1900 and
an England–Ireland championship match appeared in 1904.[5]

England, Scotland, Wales, Canada, Denmark, France, Ireland, the

Netherlands, and New Zealand were the founding members of the
International Badminton Federation in 1934, now known as the Badminton
World Federation.[13] India joined as an affiliate in 1936. The BWF now
governs international badminton. Although initiated in England, competitive
men's badminton has traditionally been dominated in Europe by Denmark.
Worldwide, Asian nations have become dominant in international
competition. China, Denmark, Indonesia, Malaysia, India, South Korea,
Taiwan (playing as 'Chinese Taipei') and Japan are the nations which have
consistently produced world-class players in the past few decades, with
China being the greatest force in men's and women's competition recently
The game has also become a popular backyard sport in the United States.
RULES FOR BADMINTON

Court
The court is rectangular and divided into halves by a net. Courts are usually
marked for both singles and doubles play, although badminton rules permit a
court to be marked for singles only.[14] The doubles court is wider than the
singles court, but both are of the same length.
The full width of the court is 6.1 metres (20 feet), and in singles this width is
reduced to 5.18 metres (17.0 feet). The full length of the court is 13.4 metres
(44 feet). The service courts are marked by a centre line dividing the width of
the court, by a short service line at a distance of 1.98 metres (6 feet
6 inches) from the net, and by the outer side and back boundaries. In
doubles, the service court is also marked by a long service line, which is 0.76
metres (2 feet 6 inches) from the back boundary.
The net is 1.55 metres (5 feet 1 inch) high at the edges and 1.524 metres
(5.00 feet) high in the centre. The net posts are placed over the doubles
sidelines, even when singles is played.
The minimum height for the ceiling above the court is not mentioned in the
Laws of Badminton. Nonetheless, a badminton court will not be suitable if the
ceiling is likely to be hit on a high serve.
Serving
When the server serves, the shuttlecock must pass over the short service
line on the opponents' court or it will count as a fault. The server and receiver
must remain within their service courts, without touching the boundary lines,
until the server strikes the shuttlecock. The other two players may stand
wherever they wish, so long as they do not block the vision of the server or
receiver.
Scoring
Each game is played to 21 points, with players scoring a point by winning a
rally.[14] This differs from the old system in which players may only win a point
on their serve and each game is to 15 points. A match is the best of three
games.
If the score ties at 20–20, then the game continues until one side gains a
two-point lead (such as 24–22), except when there is a tie at 29–29, in which
the game goes to a golden point of 30. Whoever scores this point wins the
game.
EQUIPMENT

Racquets
Badminton racquets are lightweight, with top quality racquets weighing
between 70 and 95 grams (2.5 and 3.4 ounces) not including grip or
strings.[15][16] They are composed of many different materials ranging
from carbon fibre composite (graphite reinforced plastic) to solid steel,
which may be augmented by a variety of materials. Carbon fibre has
an excellent strength to weight ratio, is stiff, and gives excellent
kinetic energy transfer. Before the adoption of carbon fibre composite,
racquets were made of light metals such as aluminium. Earlier still,
racquets were made of wood.
• Grip
The choice of grip allows a player to increase the thickness of their
racquet handle and choose a comfortable surface to hold. A player
may build up the handle with one or several grips before applying the
final layer.
Players may choose between a variety of grip materials.
Shuttlecock
A shuttlecock (often abbreviated to shuttle; also called a birdie) is a
high-drag projectile, with an open conical shape: the cone is formed
from sixteen overlapping feathers embedded into a rounded cork
base. The cork is covered with thin leather or synthetic material.
Synthetic shuttles are often used by recreational players to reduce
their costs as feathered shuttles break easily. These nylon shuttles
may be constructed with either natural cork or synthetic foam base
and a plastic skirt.[citation needed]
According to Kathmandu Post the feathers used to make shuttlecocks
are plucked from living birds, which causes pain to the birds.[18]
BADMINTON COURT
Terminologies
• Alley - side-extension of the court by l½ feet on both sides that is used for
doubles play.
• Back Alley - Area between the back boundary line and the long service line for
doubles.
• Backcourt - the back third of the court, in the area of the back boundary lines.
• Baseline - Back boundary line at each end of the court, that runs parallel to
the net.
• Bird or birdie - another name for the shuttlecock
• Carry - An illegal tactic, also called a sling or throw, in which the shuttle is
caught and held on the racket and then slung during the execution of a stroke.
• Center Line - Line perpendicular to the net that separates the left and right
service courts.
• Clear - A shot hit deep to the opponent’s back court.
• Court - Area of play, as defined by the outer boundary lines.
• Drive - A fast and low shot that makes a horizontal flight over the net.
• Drop - A shot hit sohly and with finesse to fall rapidly and close to the net on
the opponent’s side.
• Fault - A violation of the playing rules, either in serving, receiving, or during
play (see common faults listed below).
• Flick - A quick wrist and forearm rotation that surprises an opponent by
changing an apparently soft shot into a faster passing one; used primarily on
the serve and at the net.
• Forecourt - Front third of the court, between the net and the short service
line.
• Hairpin Net Shot - Shot made from below and very close to the net with the
shuttle rising, just clearing the net, and then dropping sharply down the other
side. The shuttle’s flight approximates the shape of a hairpin.
• Halfcourt Shot - A shot hit low and to midcourt, used effectively in doubles
against the up-and-back formation.
• Kill - Fast, downward shot that cannot be returned; a "putaway."
•Let - A legitimate cessation of play to allow a rally to be replayed.
•Long Service Line - In singles, the back boundary line. In doubles a
line 2 l/2 feet inside the back boundary line. The serve may not go
past this line.
•Match - A series of games (at U.S. Olympic Festival-’93 it is three out
of five), to determine a winner. Midcourt - The middle third of the
court, halfway between the net and the back boundary line.
•Net Shot - Shot hit from the forecourt that just clears the net and
drops sharply.
•Push Shot - Gentle shot played by pushing the shuttle with little
wrist motion, usually from net or midcourt to the opponent’s
midcourt.
•Racket - Instrument used by playerto hit shuttlecock Weight:About3
ounces. Length: 27 inches. Made of: Ceramic, graphite, or boron
frame; beef-gut string. Cost: $60-$175 (unstrung).
•Rally – this occurs when the players hit the bird back and forth
several times before one side scores a point
•Serve or Service – players put the shuttlecock into play for points
by “serving” it to opponents, hitting it over the net into a special part
of the court near their opponent
•Service Court - Area into which the serve must be delivered.
Different for singles and doubles play.
•Short Service Line - The line 6 l/2 feet from the net which a serve
must reach to be legal.
•Shuttlecock - thje name for the object that players hit, made of a
ball of cork or rubber with a crown of feathers in an open conical
shape.
•Smash – when a shuttle is floated high into the air, a player has time
to unleash a powerful overhand shot straight to the floor of the
opposing court
•Wood Shot - a shot that results when the base of the shuttle is hit
by the frame of the racket. Once illegal, this shot was ruled
acceptable by the International Badminton Federation in 1963.
Thank
you