Seminar 4 (1)

Starting your
Research
What next after topic approval?
Do you think this will this be primary

or secondary research?
Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Choosing Your Approach
Se
co nd
ar y
Prim
a ry
• Aims & Specific Objectives
• Aims & Specific Objectives
• Research Background
• Research Background
• Rationale of the Research
• Rationale of the Research • Methodology (Philosophy,
• Methodology (Philosophy, Research method, PRISMA
Research method, Sampling protocol, Data Analysis
Technique, Population, Sample technique, Eligibility criteria,
size, Data Analysis technique Information Sources, Search
Strategy
• LEAS Application
• Chapter structure
Research Structure
With Primary data / research Secondary sources only
Abstract (not in word count) – 200-300 words, aim for one page max. Abstract (not in word count) – 200-300 words, aim for one page max.
Contents (not in word count) Contents (not in word count)

Lists of Figures / Tables etc… (not in word count) Lists of Figures / Tables etc… (not in word count)
Introduction (1500 words) Introduction (1500)
Literature review (4000 words) Underpinning literature / scoping literature / Literature search / Literature criteria / Literature
Identification
(3500)
Methodology (2500 words) Methodology (2500)
Findings (2500) Roughly 5500 words across these two Secondary data findings and analysis Roughly 6000 words across these two
chapters but each could vary chapters but each could vary
(3500)
Analysis and evaluation (3000) Evaluation (2500)
Conclusions, including reflections on your learning (1000) Conclusions, including reflections on your learning (1000)
Recommendations / further research (500) Recommendations / further research (500)
Bibliography – not in word count Bibliography – not in word count
Appendices Appendices
– not in word count but do not have too many appendices or use them to avoid word count – not in word count but do not have too many appendices or use them to avoid word count

Research Chapters
Primary Secondary
• Chapter One • Chapter One
• Chapter Two • Chapter Two
• Chapter Three • Chapter Three
• Chapter Four • Chapter Four
• Chapter Five • Chapter Five
Research
Data
Next Steps
for
Secondary
research

Systematic
Literature
Review
PRISMA
Flow
Diagram
https://
forms.office.com/e/
V9tGamcQeQ
Topic
Selection
and
Feedback
Next Steps
for primary
research

Thinking about
your ethics

Access the LEAS system
through this link:
https://lncn.ac/leas
Or –
ethicsapply.Lincoln.ac.uk
Your
ethics
Ethics handbook and portal
site – see link and
Blackboard site for
BUS9036

• Don’t rush to complete your LEAS though…
• What you will need to complete your LEAS
• Reviewed the Handbooks (on Blackboard)
• Have a sufficient understanding of your research and core literature
• Have a sufficient understanding of your intended methodology and
have already developed data collection instruments
• Have copies of appropriate Participant Information Sheets (PIS), Data
collection instruments (questionnaires, interview questions, focus
group protocols etc)
• So – You cannot complete your LEAS successfully until you have a
reasonable understanding of your project
• Reminder - Connect to LEAS:
• https://ethicsapply.lincoln.ac.uk/
• Use your University ID and password – logging in automatically creates
your workspace.
You can create a folders for all your
projects

Navigation In your workspace you have a
Panel NAVIGATION PANEL (left Side) and a
workplace (main page)
Select this link

Confirm your work is research (rather than say test discussion or opinion
paper) – there are pointers here to other sources of help
You MUST select the correct response – ‘MA/MSc/MBA Student’

Your ‘supervisor’ is your facilitator
Get your school right…

Your ‘supervisor’ is your facilitator
This is ‘?’ at the time of writing.

Select NO
Select NO

Add a short title here – for example if
this is PART A of a project
Add your full title here – e.g. your

dissertation title
Select NO

For 9036 - select this box
It is strongly advised you do not select or seek to undertake work that

requires any other topic to be chosen in 9036. In doing so your work
would be reviewed by the ETHICS COMMITTEE of the University – a longer
process
Select NONE of the above – otherwise your
work would be reviewed by the ETHICS
COMMITTEE of the University – a longer
process
Select NO for
9036

COMMON FAILURE
POINT!
Put here what your research is about – be clear, use simple language – DON’T Add
your first chapter here or huge amounts of text – it must be simple, clear and
focused
Put here the main issues for LEAS – you should have an idea from your work /
discussions – e.g confidentiality, access to people, type of data needed etc
Select NO – this also confirms the need (in LIBS) for

your LEAS/ second marker later*
Add dates for your work – be realistic and allow time for LEAS approval
(DON’T give dates say in a week’s time!)-
COMMON FAILURE POINT!
Add your primary research questions /aims here
Select YES/NO
(Probably NO in
9036)
COMMON FAILURE
POINT!
Why are you doing this work? What will be the

contribution? Again use simple and clear language
You need to have a reasonable idea here
…and be able to justify your sample size in here… VERY important

– this can be a ‘sticky’ point in applications – it is OFTEN a source
of REJECTION.
Cite similar work and their sample sizes

Cite sample sizes determined by calculation
…Probably
one or more
of these…
…Maybe
…select one of
those that these…
will apply
…Unlikely
to be one
of these…
…It will
not be
one of
these..…
Again – a question relevant for everyone in your work – you must discuss and justify whatever your
Methodology is.
Depending upon your responses to C10- new questions ask you ABOUT your chosen data instruments

…If you selected ‘Interview etc’ you see this
question…NOTE – the need to UPLOAD your
questions either NOW in this application OR
later as an amendment
COMMON FAILURE
POINT!
Validated = existing / tested

questionnaire/construct

…If you selected
‘Questionnaire’
you see this
question…
…Choose either
of these options
for 9036
Batch enrolment …Summarise your arguments FOR this data collection instrument
Requested…
…Detail here IF your data collection instrument is an existing
TESTED instrument for a particular population or your own
design instrument

Select YES usually for 9036 – you might select NO for say a client project.
This questions does not mean are you paying anyone.

Select ‘NO Vulnerable groups’ -
anything else means the
application is reviewed differently
– DELAYING APPROVAL
Confirm how you will identify your participants and who will not be eligible – from
what type /kind/occupation/status etc of person are you needing their data?

This will be you as principal investigator

Confirm how you will recruit participants – if you select social media – you will then be asked to confirm which
platform– some platforms allow you access to some personal data so that you must account for how you will
manage in your work (questions are asked later about your access to or use of personal data).

Say WHY you have chosen these methods- be clear in your reasoning
COMMON FAILURE POINT

Present your invitation text here – see the templates on BB for guidance
SELECT YES/NO –depending upon your project

participants – if you select YES – you see the
next Question…
Have you confirmed your second language information? Is it understood in the way
you want it to be?
This will most likely be a NO
Select YES – you must have good reasons not to do so

Select YES UNLESS your method involves ‘mystery shopper/deception’ as part of the research
method – which you would have noted earlier when outlining your methodology.
Give a reasonable timeframe for participants to decide to engage (minimum 24hrs) . Street
surveys differ in this regard for example.
Populate (fill) each box for each data collection method
You will be using (ie if you are using 2 data collection methods,
you will fill in this page twice).
e.g. once
e.g. 15 mins
e.g. online survey
e.g. self administered
e.g. participants convenience

Your response depends on your design

Probably select
NO – but if you
need to select YES
for 9036 – then…
…select those that apply to your project…
…JUSTIFY your need for this personal data…

…Select those which might apply…
Probably ‘None’ for 9036
…confirm HOW you will manage personal data (use

university cloud based storage, encrypted and
delete after 3 months)
Probably you only….
NONE
6 months maximum

Probably only
using (some) of
these….
Add details…

COMMON FAILURE POINT!

Select this box – templates are on Blackboard and via the portal site –
bu you do NOT need to submit one in order to apply for ethical approval
YES / NO ideally but if you do select yes…
You need permission from any organisation you

are working with…
Select the country(ies)

You may say YES if you are
Working on a project about
The University

State here your intended analytical method(s) – this can be brief – but MUST be
clear (e.g. Regression, Thematic coding etc) COMMON FAILURE POINT!
State here you (as PI) will complete the work using university
resources

State here your plans – encrypted, university systems
Data is usually stored for the duration of your project and 3-6
months after – not required for specific inclusion in your work
If you chose selecing personal data (data that allows participants to be
identified)…then…
Justify in this box why this is important in the research

Questions R3-R7 only appear if you
chose YES to identifiable
participants in your work…
Then select those that apply.

Confirm who
This should be none
No longer than 6
months

Select those which apply-
But this will probably only be
Those identified
Select NO to these
questions

Select NO to these questions – selecting
YES to S.7 asks you to explain this interest

Either choice here – but if you select yes (think about why) then new questions
open…
Select this
option
You *may* select other options dependingAttendance

upon the Code type
- N/A forof project
online events but this is unlikely…
Those are the core questions of the LEAS application.
You then need to upload ALL supporting documentation in the

required format using the templates to help you do this…
Depending on your project this can include:
• Consent forms
• Permission / Access letters
• Participant Information Sheet
• Survey
• Interview Questions
• Debrief Sheet
• Permissions from any organisations involved in the work
• Interview protocol….
Note the format of naming
files
Typical listing of additional materials –

depending upon your answers to
questions – your list might be different

FINAL PAGE
CHECK the boxes

YOUR APPROVAL

YOUR SUPPORT APPROVAL REQUEST (This
should not be a surprise to them!)

YOUR SECOND MARKER APPROVAL REQUEST – IF you have
COMPLETED ALL the QUESTIONS, your supervisor is HAPPY (and
has APPROVED via this system) with your application - you will be
asked to request your SECOND MARKERS (SECOND APPROVER)
What next?
• Once submitted – expect a turnaround time of several days to a week or so
(dependent)
• IF you ‘ticked’ a box requiring external ethical review – this could take 3-4
weeks! BE WARNED
• You need to receive a ‘favourable opinion’ email/letter – meaning you can
start
• You could receive a rejection which means you need to make amendments–
and you cannot start UNTIL you have addressed those points and secured
favourable approval.
• Need to make an amendment?
• DO NOT leave your LEAS application until the last week before the due date
(staff availability, risk of refusal and need to rework…)
• DO work with your support to ensure you are both OK with the submission
• You can submit for APPROVAL upto and on 18 th June NOT after.
Other Questions?

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Starting your

Do you think this will this be primary

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Contents (not in word count) Contents (not in word count)

Methodology (2500 words) Methodology (2500)

Analysis and evaluation (3000) Evaluation (2500)

Recommendations / further research (500) Recommendations / further research (500)

Bibliography – not in word count Bibliography – not in word count

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Select this link

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

You MUST select the correct response – ‘MA/MSc/MBA Student’

Get your school right…

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

This is ‘?’ at the time of writing.

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Add your full title here – e.g. your

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

It is strongly advised you do not select or seek to undertake work that

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Select NO – this also confirms the need (in LIBS) for

COMMON FAILURE POINT!

Add your primary research questions /aims here

Why are you doing this work? What will be the

You need to have a reasonable idea here

…and be able to justify your sample size in here… VERY important

Cite similar work and their sample sizes

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Validated = existing / tested

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

COMMON FAILURE POINT

SELECT YES/NO –depending upon your project

Select YES – you must have good reasons not to do so

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

e.g. self administered

e.g. participants convenience

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

…select those that apply to your project…

…JUSTIFY your need for this personal data…

…confirm HOW you will manage personal data (use

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

You need permission from any organisation you

Select the country(ies)

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Attendance Code - N/A for online events

Justify in this box why this is important in the research

You may select other options dependingAttendance