The Psychology Gender and Human Sexuality

THE PSYCHOLOGY GENDER AND
HUMAN SEXUALITY
Presented to 3rd year undergraduate

psychology students, AU
Prepared by Tadesse Megersa
2015 EC
Ambo
WHY THIS COURSE?
 What do you expect to learn from this course?
 What do we mean by Sex, Gender, Sexuality?
 Why we study
 Gender issues?
 Sexuality ?
Difference between Sex and Gender
Sex Gender
Present and known at birth The result of socialization
Nearly given, but can be changed Socially constructed
Difference in Hormones, Difference is culture,

chromosomes, genital organs, norm, tradition, religion,
reproductive organs Roles, expectations,
behavioral patterns given
to males and females
Nearly same across culture Varies across culture
Male versus female Masculinity/femininity

Girls and Boys
Someone who’s born

Someone who’s born with:
with:
•A vulva, Ovaries, XX •A penis, Testicles, XY
chromosomes…is chromosomes…is usually
usually called a “girl” called a “boy”
If someone’s called a boy…

What toys is he/she given to play with?
What clothes is he/she given to wear?
How is he/she expected to behave?
Major Dimensions of Gender
Health:
diseases and
Economic mortality
and access
to resources: Cultural/
job, societal/
education
Gender religious:
norms, roles
psychological-
personality,
cognitive, Political and
Legal: human
morality rights
Key Issues in Gender and
sexuality
 Gender Disparity: differences between men and women
such as power, resource ownership, health, education,
mortality etc.

Gender role: meaning, examples, causes, consequences

Gender stereotypes : meaning, example, cause, consequence,

Gender discrimination: meaning, example, cause, consequence,

Patriarchy: meaning, example, cause, consequence,
 Gender-based violence and Harassments
 Gender and health: gender disparity in health and mortality
 Gender and development: key issues???
 Gender difference in: behavior, abilities, traits, cognition,
emotion
Gender Identity and Expression
• Gender Identity: A person’s internal, deeply held sense of
one’s own gender.
• Gender Identity Is about who you ARE; how you feel inside; how
you express your gender through clothing, behavior, and
personal appearance.
– It’s a feeling that begins very early in life.
– Not who you are attracted to.
• Gender expression: is how to express yourself externally.

These are influenced by a person’s culture, societal norms,
fashion, clothes, and gestures.
• Your gender expression is unique and different and it does not
have to align with societal norms.
Types of Gender Identity
• Cisgender: A person’s gender (how they feel on the inside)
identity corresponds to the person’s biological sex assigned at
birth.
• Transgender: A person’s gender identity (how they feel on the
inside) does not correspond to the biological sex assigned at
birth.
• Nonbinary: Someone whose gender identity isn’t exclusively
male or female, may include both, or neither
• Agender: A term meaning “without gender.” It can be seen
either as a non-binary gender identity or as a statement of not
having a gender identity.
• People who are agender can present in any way – masculine,
feminine, both or something completely beyond the binary.
Gender identity….
• Gender queerer: an umbrella term that refer to people who
are perceived to transcend or diverge from traditional
distinctions of gender, regardless of their gender identity.
Genderqueer, identity adopted by individuals who
characterize themselves as neither female nor male, as both,
or as somewhere in between.
Continued…
• Bigender: Someone whose gender identity encompasses both
man and woman. Some may feel that one side or the other is
stronger, but both sides are present.
• Gender dysphoria: Clinically defined as significant and

durational distress caused when a person’s assigned birth
gender is not the same as the one with which they identify.
• Gender questioning: A person who may be processing,

questioning, or exploring how they want to express their
gender identity.

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THE PSYCHOLOGY GENDER AND

Presented to 3rd year undergraduate

 What do we mean by Sex, Gender, Sexuality?

Nearly given, but can be changed Socially constructed

Difference in Hormones, Difference is culture,

Male versus female Masculinity/femininity

Someone who’s born

If someone’s called a boy…

• Gender expression: is how to express yourself externally.

• Gender dysphoria: Clinically defined as significant and

• Gender questioning: A person who may be processing,

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