INTRODUCTION

• Volleyball is the team sports in which two teams of six

players are separated by the net. Each team tries to score
points by grounding the ball on the other team court under
organized rule.
• It has been part of olympic games since 1964. Volleyball is
popular throughout the world .Over 800 millian people play
one of the many varieties of the game and with good
reason .It’s great fun to play and exciting to watch .There are
different versions available for specific circumstances in order
to offer the versatility of the game to everyone .
 HISTORy

Volleyball was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan physical director

of the young men’s Christian association (YMCA) in Holyoke
Massachusetts. It was designed as a indoor sports for businessmen who
found the new game of basketball too vigorous Morgan called the sport
Mintonette until a professor from Springfield college in Massachusetts
noted the volleyball nature of play and proposed the name of
‘’volleyball ‘’ The original rules were written by Morgan and printed in
the first edition of the official handbook of the athletic league of the
young men’s Christian Associations of north America(1897)the game
soon proved to have wide appeal for both sexes in schools
playgrounds ,the armed forces and other Organization in the united
states and it was subsequently introduced to other countries.
• In 1916 rules were issued jointly by the YMCA and the National
Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) the first nationwide
tournament in the united state was conducted by the National
(YMCA) physical education committee in New York city in
1922 .the United states volleyball Association (USVBA) was formed
in 1928 and recognized as the rule making ,gavering body in the
united states .from 1928 the ( USVBA) now known as USA
volleyball (USAV) has conducted annual potianal men’s and senior
men’s ( age 35 and older) volleyball championship ,except during
1944 and 1945 .Its women’s division was started in 1949 and a
senior women’s division (age 30 and older) was added in 1977
0ther nationl events in the United States are conducted by
member groups of the (USAV) such as the (YMCA) and the (NCAA)
• International volleyball competition began in 1913 with
the first far east games in Manila during the early 1900s
and continuing until after world war 2 volleyball in Asia
was played on a larger court with a lower net and nine
players on a team
• The( FIVB) sponsored world volleyball championship
( for men only in 1949, for both men and women in
1952 and succeeding years ) led to acceptance of
standardized playing rules and officiating volleyball
become an olympic sport for both men and women at
the 1964 olympic games in Tokyo
• European championships were long dominated by Czechoslovakian
Hungarian, polish, Bulgarian, Romanian and Soviet (Later ,Russian )
teams .At the world and Olympic level , Soviet team have won more titles
both men’s and women’s , than those of any other nation. Their success
was attributed to widespread grass rocks interest and well organized play
and instruction at all levels of skill . A highly publicized Japanese women’s
team , Olympic Champions in 1964 .reflected the interest of private
industry in sport . Young women working for the Sponsoring company
devoted their free time to conditioning , team Practice , and competition
under expert and demanding coaching . Encouraged by the Japanese
volleyball association . This women’s team made its mark in international
competition , winning the world championship in 1964 Olympics . At the
end of the 20th century , however , the Cuban women’s team dominated
both the world Championships and the Olympics
• The pan America games ( involving South ,
central and North America ) added volleyball
in 1955 and Brazil ,Mexico , Canada , Cube ,
and the united states are frequent contenders
for top honors . In Asia , China ,Japan and
Korea dominate Competition . Volleyball
especially beach volleyball is played in
Australia, New Zealand and throughout the
South pacific
• A four year cycle of international volleyball events
recommended by the FIVB began in 1969 with world
cup championships to be held in the year following
the Olympic game the second year is the would
Champiaships in the third the regional events are
held(e.g Eurpoean championships, Asian games
African games pan American games ) and in the
fourth year the Olympic game
 THE BALL
• FIVB regulations state that the Ball must be
spherical made of leather or synthetic leather
have a circumference of 65-67 cm ,a weight of
260g-280g and an inside pressure of 0.30-
0.325 kg /cm2 other governing bodies have
similar regulations .
 RULES OF THE GAMES
• TOSS-> Before play begins , The official carries out toss of a
coin between two opponents to decide order of service and
choice of courts . The winner of the toss has the choice of
service or choice of courts , and the loser has the remaining
choice
• TEAMS-> A team consists of maximum 12 players out of
which 6 are playing and 6 are substitutes
• SCRATCH-> A time can be scratched if it does not enter
the ground within 15 minutes of schedule start of the match
• TIME OUT -> Each team can take 2 time outs in a set .
Time out is of 30 seconds
• Scoring-> A set is won by a score of 25 points with minimum lead of 2 points. If
there is a tie at 24 points . The play continues until a lead of 2pionts is achieved
• INTERVAL -> An interval of 3 minutes is allowed between the sets. However
between 4th and 5th set an interval of 5 minutes is allowed
• incorrect service-> Serving without tossing the ball in the air touching the
end line or area beyond the service zone before hitting the ball is a foul. It leads to
change of service and a point to opponent team
• Incorrect return-> Not returning the ball correctly over the net and into
opponent court . A ball falling on the line is a correct return . Any fault leads to
change of service and a point to opponent team.
• HOLDING -> It means resting the ball momentarily on hands or
fingers . It is a fault . It leads to change of service and a point to
opponent team
• Double contact -> If a player hits the ball twice in succession or
if ball contacts the various body parts of the player . It is a fault and
leads to changes of service and a point to opponent team
• Net touch -> Touching the net during play except when a player
not playing a ball accidentally touches the net it is a fault and leads
to the change of service and a point to opponent team
• Crossing the net -> Crossing the net with hands on the opposite
side when ball has not been played by an opponent or interfering in
the play of on opponent . It is a fault and it leads to the change of
service and a point to opponent team
• Penetration under net -> A player is not allowed to
touch the opponents court with foot/feet . It is a fault and it
leads to change of service and A point to the opponent team
• Attack hit -> A back line player is not allowed to carry out
an attack hit from front zone . He may however land in the
front zone by making an attack hit from the back zone . Any
fault leads to change of service and a point to opponent
team.
• Four touches or hits-> A team is entitled to maximum
of 3 hits or touches ( in addition of blocking ) for returning
the ball . If a team hits the ball 4 time it is a fault . It leads to
change of service and a point to opponent team
 The court
• A volleyball court is 18m ( 59 fit ) long and 9m ( 29.5 fit ) wide divided
into 9m x 9m halves by a one –meter ( 40inch) wide net . The top of the
net is 2.43 m(7fit11 5/8in)above the center of the court for men’s
competition and 2.24m (7 fit 4 1/8inch ) for women’s competition .
Varied for veterans and junior competitions .
• A line 3m(9.84fit) from and parallel to the net is considered the “attack
line “ . The ‘3 meter ‘ (or 10 fool)line divides the court into “ back row “
and ‘front row” areas ( also back court and front court ) . These are in
turn divided into 3 areas each ; these are numbered as follows starting
from area ‘1’ . Which is the position of the serving player
• After a team gains the serve ( also know as siding out ) its members must
rotate in a clockwise direction with the player previously in area ‘2’ moving
to area ‘1’ and so on with the player from area ‘1’ moving to area ‘6’
• The team courts are surrounded by an area called the free zone which is a
minimum of 3 meters wide and which the players may enter and play within
after the service of the ball . All lines denoting the boundaries of the team
court and the attack zone are drawn or painted within the dimensions of the
area and are therefore a part of the court or zone . If a ball comes in contact
with the line , the ball is considered to be “ in “ . An antenna is placed an
each side of the net perpendicular to the sideline and is a vertical extension
of the side boundary of the net perpendicular to the sideline and is a
vertical extension of the side boundary of the court . A ball passing over the
net must pass completely between the antennae ( or their theoretical
extensions to the cell ceiling ) without contacting them
 ICONIC PLAYERS
->KARCH KIRALY –USA
He is the only volleyball legend to win at every level as a
player and coach . Statistically he is also the most decorated
volleyball player of all time
-> KERRI WALSH JENNINGS – USA
Kerri Jennings is the world’s no1 volleyball female player
ever . She excelled on the volleyball court before making
history in her beach career .
-> MISTY MAY – TREANOR – USA
Misty formed on unstoppable partnership with Kerri Walsh
Jennings for nearly a decade and later retired
-> LORENZO BERNARDI – ITALY
Lorenzo made headlines during the 1980s and
90s for his outstanding performance on the
court . He played as a setter , outside hitter , and
defensive specialist during his 23 years career .
-> SHILLA TAUARES DECASTRA – BRAZIL
Castro is a two – time Olympic Champion and
three –time pan –American Cup , winner . She
has collected multiple MVP awards .
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my special thanks of
gratitude to my physical education teacher
Mr. Pushkar singh for their able guidance and
support in completing my project file on the
topic “Volleyball”.
I would also like to extend my gratitude to the
principal for providing me with all the facilities
that were required.
 CERTIFICATE
• This is to certify that Smith vidhuri of class XII
science has successfully completed his project
file on the topic “Volleyball” under the
guidance of Mr. Pushkar singh during the
academic year 2024 to 2025.
 index
• INTRDUCTION
• HISTORY OF VOLLEYBALL
• THE BALL
• RULES OF THE GAME
• ICONIC PLAYERS OF THE VOLLEYBALL
ST MARY’S CONVENT SCHOOL
AGHWANPUR MORADABAD

2024-2025
Topic:- volleyball
MADE BY:- smith vidhuri
Class:-xii science
Roll no:- 36
Submitted to:- mr. pushkar singh