3. UNIT II LCM HCF

LCM AND HCF
 Highest Common Factor (H.C.F) :
Also know as greatest common divisor, the greatest number which

exactly divides all the given numbers.
 There are two methods to find H.C.F of given numbers, they are:
i. Prime factorization method.
ii. Division Method.
 Least Common Multiple (L.C.M):
L.C.M is least common multiple, the smallest number which is exactly divisible
by all the given
numbers.
There are two methods to find L.C.M of given numbers:
i. Prime factorization method.

ii. Division Method.
 H.C.F of 12, 36, 48
1. Express the numbers as product of prime factors

12= 3*2^2
36= 3^2*2^2
48= 3*2^4
2. The common prime factors are 2 and 3 and the corresponding least
indices are 2 and 1 respectively
3. The product of all the common prime factors with the respective least
indices H.C.F of 12, 36, 48 = 2^2 *3 = 12
 LCM of the above number i.e. 12,36,48 is

2^4*3^2= 144
 SOME IMPORTANT LCM AND HCF TRICKS:
1) Product of two numbers = Their HCF * Their LCM

(NOTE: applicable only for two numbers)
2) HCF of given numbers always divides their LCM.
3) H.C.F of given fractions = HCF of numerators/LCM of denominator
4) LCM of given fraction = LCM of numerators/HCF of denominators

 Things to remember
1. The H.C.F of two or more numbers is smaller than or equal to the smallest
number of given numbers.
2. The L.C.M of two or more numbers is greater than or equal to the greatest
number of given numbers.
3.If the H.C.F of the numbers a, b, c is K, then a, b, c can be written as multiples

of K (Kx, Ky, Kz, where x, y, z are some numbers). K divides the numbers a, b, c,
so the given numbers can be written as the multiples of K
 Properties(L.C.M.):
 The smallest number which is exactly divisible by x, y and z is L.C.M

of x, y, z.
 The smallest number which when divided by x, y and z leaves a

remainder R in each case.
Required number = (L.C.M of x, y, z) + R
 The smallest number which when divided by x, y and z leaves

remainder of a, b, c and (x – a)=(y - b)=(z - c)=k or multiples of K then
the required number
= (L.C.M of x, y and z) – K
 Properties(L.C.M.):
 The smallest number which is exactly divisible by x, y and z is L.C.M

of x, y, z.
 The smallest number which when divided by x, y and z leaves a

remainder R in each case.
Required number = (L.C.M of x, y, z) + R
 The smallest number which when divided by x, y and z leaves

remainder of a, b, c and (x – a)=(y - b)=(z - c)=k or multiples of K then
the required number
= (L.C.M of x, y and z) – K
 Properties(H.C.F.):
 The greatest number which divide x, y, z to leave remainders a, b, c is H.C.F

of (x - a), (y - b) and (z - c)
 The greatest number which divides x, y and z to leave the remainder R is

H.C.F of (x – R), (y – R) and (z – R)
 Largest number which divides x, y, z to leave same remainder

= HCF of y-x, z-y, z-x.
QUESTIONS:
1. H.C.F. of 513, 1134 and 1215 is _____________
A. 18 B. 27 C. 33 D. 36
Ans: B
2. Find the least number which is exactly divisible by 12, 15, and 20.
A. 40 B. 50 C. 60 D. 80
Ans: C
3. Find H.C.F. of 0.63 and 1.05
A. 0.21 B. 0.28 C. 0.56 D. 0.84
Ans: A
4. H.C.F. of two numbers is 13. If these two numbers are in the ratio of 15: 11,
then find the numbers.
A. 230, 140 B. 215, 130 C. 195, 143 D. 155, 115
Ans: C
5. Find the greatest number, which on dividing 1657 and 2037 leaves
remainders 6 and 5 respectively.
A. 127 B. 132 C. 114 D. 108
Ans: A
6. Find the least number, which when divided by 12, 15, 20 and 54 leaves a
remainder of 8 in each case.
A. 548 B. 540 C. 532 D. 524
Ans: A
7. Least number which when divided by 35,45,55 and leaves remainder
18,28,38; is?
A. 3447 B. 3448 C.3445 D.3449
8. Least number which when divided by 5,6,7,8 and leaves remainder 3, but
when divided by 9, leaves no remainder?
A. 1554 B. 1689 C.1683 D.1540
9. Greater number of 4 digits which is divisible by each one of 12,18,21 and
28 is?
A. 9220 B.9880 C. 9870 D. 9828
10. Three numbers which are co-prime to each other are such that the product
of the first two is 551 and that of the last two is 1073. The sum of the three
numbers is:
A. 85 B. 75 C. 65 D.60
11. Which of the following has the most number of divisors?
A. 176 B. 182 C. 99 D. 101
12. The least number which should be added to 2497 so that the sum is
exactly divisible by 5, 6, 4 and 3 is:
A. 13 B.33 C. 23 D.43
13. The traffic lights at three different road crossings change after every 40
sec, 72 sec and 108 sec respectively. If they all change simultaneously at 5 :
20 : 00 hours, then find the time at which they will change simultaneously.
A. 5 : 28 : 00 hrs.
B. 5 : 30 : 00 hrs.
C. 5 : 38 : 00 hrs.
D. 5 : 40 : 00 hrs.
14. A rectangular courtyard 4.55 meters long and 5.25 meters wide is paved
exactly with square tiles of same size. Find the largest size of the tile used for
this purpose?
A. 25 cm
B. 45 cm
C. 21 cm
D. 35 cm
15. 5 bells commence tolling together and toll at intervals 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10
seconds respectively. Find in 40 minutes, how many times do they toll
together?
A. 8 times
B. 19 times
C. 21 times
D. 30 times
16. John, Smith and Kate start at same time, same point and in same direction
to run around a circular ground. John completes a round in 250 seconds,
Smith in 300 seconds and Kate in 150 seconds. Find after what time will they
meet again at the starting point?
A. 30 min
B. 25 min
C. 20 min
D. 15 min
17. A rectangular courtyard 3.78 meters long 5.25 meters wide is to be
paved exactly with square tiles, all of the same size. what is the largest size
of the tile which could be used for the purpose?
A. 14 cm
B. 21cm
C. 42 cm
D. NONE
DEPARTMENT OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT

18. The H.C.F and L.C.M of two numbers are 11 and 385 respectively. If one
number lies between 75 and 125 , then that number is
A. 77
B. 88
C. 99
D. 110
19. A student can divide her books into groups of 5, 9 and 13. what is the
smallest possible number of the books ?
A. 487
B. 585
C. 635
D. 705
20. A drink vendor has 368 liters of Maaza, 80 liters of Pepsi and 144 liters
of Sprite. He wants to pack them in cans, so that each can contains the
same number of liters of a drink, and doesn't want to mix any two drinks in
a can. What is the least number of cans required ?
A. 47
B. 46
C. 37
D. 35

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LCM AND HCF

 Highest Common Factor (H.C.F) :

Also know as greatest common divisor, the greatest number which

There are two methods to find L.C.M of given numbers:

i. Prime factorization method.

1. Express the numbers as product of prime factors

 LCM of the above number i.e. 12,36,48 is

1) Product of two numbers = Their HCF * Their LCM

2) HCF of given numbers always divides their LCM.

3) H.C.F of given fractions = HCF of numerators/LCM of denominator

4) LCM of given fraction = LCM of numerators/HCF of denominators

3.If the H.C.F of the numbers a, b, c is K, then a, b, c can be written as multiples

 The smallest number which is exactly divisible by x, y and z is L.C.M

 The smallest number which when divided by x, y and z leaves a

 The smallest number which when divided by x, y and z leaves

 The smallest number which is exactly divisible by x, y and z is L.C.M

 The smallest number which when divided by x, y and z leaves a

 The smallest number which when divided by x, y and z leaves

 The greatest number which divide x, y, z to leave remainders a, b, c is H.C.F

 The greatest number which divides x, y and z to leave the remainder R is

 Largest number which divides x, y, z to leave same remainder

DEPARTMENT OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT

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