Technical Drafting 10
Technical Drafting 10
Technical Drafting 10
MONROEWELL C. FAJARDO
THE PLUMBING SYSTEM
PLUMBING is the art and technique of installing pipes,
fixtures, and other apparatuses in buildings for bringing
in the supply of liquids, substances and/or ingredients
and removing them; and such water, liquid and other
carried-wastes hazardous to health, sanitation, life and
property pipes and fixtures after installation i.e., the
‘plumbing system’. (Section 217.6 The Revised National
Plumbing Code of the Philippines 1999)
THE PLUMBING SYSTEM
PLUMBING SYSTEM Plumbing System includes all potable water supply
and distribution pipes, all plumbing fixtures and traps; all sanitary and
storm drainage systems; vent pipes, roof drains, leaders and
downspouts; and all building drains and sewers, including their
respective joints and connections; devices, receptacles, and
appurtenances within the property; water lines in the premises; potable,
tap, hot and chilled water piping; potable water treating or LESSON 8
using equipment; fuel gas piping; water heaters and vents for same.
(Section 217.12 NPC 1999). A Plumbing system, reduced to its simplest
terms, consists of a supply pipe leading to a fixture and a drainpipe
taking the used water away from this fixture.
THE SYSTEM CONSTITUTES THE FOLLOWING:
1.The water supply and water distribution system. Carries
water from the water source, street main or a pump to the
building and to various points in the building at which
water is used.
2. The plumbing fixtures. The receptacles that receive the
supplied water and allow the occupants of the building to
use the water.
3. The drainage system. The piping network within the
building which conveys from the plumbing fixtures all
wastes and fecal matter (sanitary drainage) as well as
rainwater (storm drainage) to a point of disposal or a
treatment facility.
PLUMBER is a person who works, installs, repairs,
and maintains plumbing fixtures or systems in
businesses, industries, or residences.
PIPE FITTER – a skilled person who is competent to
perform laying and fitting huge pipes. Must be at
least TESDA NC2 and/or NC3 Holder.
MASTER PLUMBER - a person who is technically
and legally qualified and licensed to practice the
profession of Registered Master Plumber (RMP)
without limitations in accordance with Republic Act
1378.
THE PLUMBING CODE
The improper installation of plumbing may affect the
health of the occupants of a building and create a center
point for the spread of disease. The basic goal of the
National Plumbing Code of the Philippines is to ensure the
qualified observance of the latest provision of the
plumbing and environmental laws.
FIXTURES - receptacles attached to a plumbing system
other than a trap in which water or waste may be
collected or retained for ultimate discharge into the
plumbing system.
PLUMBING UNIT (Sec. 217.13 NPC 1999) The minimum standard
quantities of plumbing fixtures that discharge waste into a plumbing
installation include;
1 - water meter
1 - water closet
1 - lavatory
1 - shower head and drain for a bathtub or shower stall
1 - kitchen sink
1 - laundry tray
3 - floor drains
4 - faucets/hose Bibb
13- Total numbers of fixtures and fittings that comprise a plumbing
unit
THE BASIC PRINCIPLES GOVERNING THE NAT’L PLUMBING
CODE (NPC) Principle
1 All premises intended for human habitation, occupancy
or use shall be provided with a supply of pure and
wholesome water, neither connected with unsafe water
supplies nor subject to hazards of backflow or back-
siphonage.
2 Plumbing fixtures, devices and appurtenances shall be
supplied with water in sufficient volume and at pressure
adequate to enable them to function satisfactorily and
without undue noise under all normal conditions of use.
3 Plumbing shall be designed and adjusted to use the
minimum quantity of water consistent with proper
performance and cleaning.
4 Devices for heating and storing water shall be so
designed and installed as to prevent dangers from
explosion through overheating.
5 Every building abutting on a street, alley or easement
with a public sewer shall connect its plumbing fixtures to
the sewer system.
6 Each family dwelling unit on premises abutting on a
sewer or with a private sewage-disposal system shall have
at least one water closet and one kitchen type sink.
Further, a lavatory and bathtub or shower shall be
installed to meet the basic requirements of sanitation and
personal hygiene.
7 Plumbing fixtures shall be made of smooth non-
absorbent material, free from concealed fouling surfaces
and should be located at ventilated enclosures.
8 The drainage system shall be designed, constructed,
and maintained to safeguard against fouling, deposit of
solids, clogging and with adequate cleanouts so arranged
that the pipes may be readily cleaned.
9 All piping shall be of durable NAMPAP-approved
materials, free from defective workmanship, designed and
constructed by Registered Master Plumbers to ensure
satisfactory service.
10 Each fixture directly connected to the drainage system
shall be equipped with a water-sealed trap.
11 The drainage piping system shall be designed to
provide adequate circulation of air free from siphonage,
aspiration or forcing of trap seals under ordinary use.
12 Vent terminals shall extend to the outer air and
installed to prevent clogging and the return of foul air to
the building.
13 Plumbing systems shall be subjected to such tests to
effectively disclose all leaks and defects in the
workmanship.
14 Substance which will clog the pipes, produce explosive
mixtures, destroy the pipes or their joints or interfere
unduly with the sewage disposal process shall not be
allowed to enter the building drainage system.
15 Proper protection shall be provided to prevent
contamination of food, water, sterile goods and similar
materials by backflow of sewage. When necessary, the
fixture, device or appliance shall be connected indirectly
16 No water closet shall be located at a room or
compartment which is not properly lighted and ventilated.
17 If water closets or other plumbing fixtures are installed
in buildings where there is no sewer within a reasonable
distance, suitable provision shall be made for disposing of
the building sewage by some accepted method of sewage
treatment and disposal, such as a septic tank.
18 Where a plumbing drainage system may be subject to
backflow of sewage, suitable provision shall be made to
prevent its overflow in the building.
19 Plumbing systems shall be maintained in serviceable
condition by Registered Master Plumbers.
20 All plumbing fixtures shall be installed properly spaced,
to be accessible for their intended use.
21 Plumbing shall be installed with due regard to the
preservation of the strength of structural members and
the prevention of damage to walls and other surfaces
through fixture usage.
22 Sewage or other waste from plumbing systems, which
may be deleterious to surface or sub-surface waters shall
not be discharged into the ground or into any waterway,
unless first rendered innocuous through subjection to
some acceptable form of treatment.
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