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    Air Coolers

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    PRATIK P. BHOIR
    Air coolers use air flow over tubes containing a hot fluid to cool the fluid. Horizontal units are preferred for ease of installation but vertical units allow for better drainage. Units use either forced or induced draft fans, with induced draft using more power but providing better air distribution. Location, fan design, and temperature control methods like variable speed drives are important design considerations. Calculations are needed to determine the heat transfer area, number of tubes, fan requirements, and other parameters.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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    Air Coolers

    Uploaded by

    PRATIK P. BHOIR
    326 views18 pages
    Air coolers use air flow over tubes containing a hot fluid to cool the fluid. Horizontal units are preferred for ease of installation but vertical units allow for better drainage. Units use either forced or induced draft fans, with induced draft using more power but providing better air distribution. Location, fan design, and temperature control methods like variable speed drives are important design considerations. Calculations are needed to determine the heat transfer area, number of tubes, fan requirements, and other parameters.

    Original Description:

    heat exchanger

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    Air coolers use air flow over tubes containing a hot fluid to cool the fluid. Horizontal units are preferred for ease of installation but vertical units allow for better drainage. Units use either forced or induced draft fans, with induced draft using more power but providing better air distribution. Location, fan design, and temperature control methods like variable speed drives are important design considerations. Calculations are needed to determine the heat transfer area, number of tubes, fan requirements, and other parameters.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    326 views18 pages

    Air Coolers

    Uploaded by

    PRATIK P. BHOIR
    Air coolers use air flow over tubes containing a hot fluid to cool the fluid. Horizontal units are preferred for ease of installation but vertical units allow for better drainage. Units use either forced or induced draft fans, with induced draft using more power but providing better air distribution. Location, fan design, and temperature control methods like variable speed drives are important design considerations. Calculations are needed to determine the heat transfer area, number of tubes, fan requirements, and other parameters.

    Copyright:

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    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    AIR COOLERS

    PROCESS CONSIDERATIONS
    Fluid to

    be cooled flows through the tubes, either finned or bare, and air is blown from outside to take away the heat Economic selection when
    Temperature difference : 15-25 degC Heat loads > 2.52 Mkcal / hr

    SELECTION
    Required

    cooling water not available Make up water is expensive Space permits installation of of such big unit.

    CONSTRUCTION
    Horizontal and

    vertical units are in use Horizontal units are preferred for ease of installation Vertical units are used for maximum draining Angled sections in condensing services and positive draining. Typical angle 30 deg

    HEADR DESIGN
    PLUG

    HEADER

    HEADER DESIGN
    COVER

    PLATE HEADER

    TUBESHEET JOINTS
    EXPANSION &

    GROOVE WELDING SEAL WELDING STRENGTH WELDING

    DETAILS
    Fan Bays: 2

    are most commonly used Tubes: Length 6-50 feet; Width: 4-30 feet Fins: inch, 5/8 inch

    TYPES OF AIR COOLER

    TYPES OF AIR COOLER


    FORCED DRAFT Consumes less power Equipment is located at lower temperature zone, hence less maintenance Lower exit velocities (3-4 m/sec), hence poor distribution and chances of back-mixing and sensitive to cross currents Offers less pressure drop INDUCED DRAFT Consumes high power Equipment is located at higher temperature zone, hence prone for maintenance Higher exit velocities (10-15 m/sec), hence better distribution and no chances of back-mixing and less sensitive to cross currents Offers high pressure drop

    Cheaper Option

    Expensive Cannot be used for temp > 350 degC

    TEMPERATURE CONTROL
    2

    speed motor speed Variable speed drive Inlet / Outlet louvers Variable pitch fans Warm air circulation

    WARM AIR CIRCULATION


    For

    extreme variation in air temperature, which might cause freezing of process fluid, certain warm air is circulated back to inlet of the unit.

    WARM AIR CIRCULATION

    LOCATION
    Should

    be located away from building Forced draft coolers are preferably located high above ground, above pipe racks to avoid backmixing Avoid placing 2 coolers close to each other. Avoid placing downwind of heat generating device.

    SAMPLE CALCULATION PROCEDURE

    INPUTS Data of hot fluid Physical properties, Heat load, Inlet / outlet temperature Allowable pressure drop Data of air Ambient temperature Elevation

    SAMPLE CALCULATION PROCEDURE


    CALCULATIONS

    STEPS Assume overall HTC from chart Calculate temperature rise and CMTD Calculate Area Calculate no of tubes and tube-side pressure drop Calculate tube side heat transfer coefficient Calculate air side heat transfer coefficient based on charts available (function of air face mass velocity) Calculate overall HTC. Shall be less than assumed.

    SAMPLE CALCULATION PROCEDURE


    FAN

    CALCULATIONS Number of fans (Fanned section length / bay width <= 1.8) Fan Area:
    Face area: Projected area of fan / Face of section covered by fan; 0.40 FAPF = (0.40) x Fa / No of Fans

    SAMPLE CALCULATION PROCEDURE

    Fan static pressure drop


    (Fp) (N) / (Dr) Fp: Pressure drop factor (function of air face velocity) N: No of tube rows Dr: Avg air density

    Fan

    dynamic pressure loss

    (flow rate / area)2 x (Dr)

    Fan Power

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