Agronomy

The present investigation titled “Effect of Organic and Inorganic Nutrient Sources on Growth and Yield of Maize” was conducted during kharif season of 2022 at Chamelti Agriculture Farm, MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh. The field experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design comprising of 10 treatments and 3 replications  which are (T1) Control, (T2) 100% RDF, (T3) 120% RDF, (T4) 50% RDF + FYM (10 t), (T5) 75% RDF + FYM (5 t), (T6) 100% RDF + FYM (5 t) + Mulch, (T7) 50% RDF + Vermicompost (2.5 t ha-1), (T8) 75% RDF + Vermicompost (2.5 t ha-1), (T9) 100% RDF + Vermicompost (2.5 t ha-1) + Mulch) and (T10) 75% RDF + FYM (5 t) + Vermicompost  (2.5 t ha-1) + Mulch. Mustard stover @ 2 t ha-1 was used as mulching. RDF used is (100:40:40 kg ha-1) was applied through urea (46% N), SSP (16% P2O5) and MOP (60% K2O). One third N and full dose of P and K was applied at the time of sowing as basal appl...

The rice-wheat cropping system of the Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) has contributed tremendously to food security of the region. However, of late there has been a significant slowdown in yield growth rate of this system and the sustainability of this important cropping system is at stake. A decline in soil productivity, particularly of organic C and N, deterioration in soil physical characteristics, a delay in sowing of wheat, and decreasing water availability are often suggested as the causes of this slowdown in productivity. Therefore, a paradigm shift is required for enhancing the system’s productivity and sustainability. Resource-conserving technologies involving zeroor minimum tillage with direct seeding, improved water-use efficiency, innovations in residue management to avoid straw burning, and crop diversification should assist in achieving sustainable productivity and allow farmers to minimize inputs, maximize yields, conserve the natural resource base, reduce risk due to both...

An experiment was conducted during kharif 2015 at Agronomy Research Farm, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu (J&K), India to study the effect of graded levels of N, P & K on yield and nutrient uptake of fine rice (Oryza sativa) under subtropical conditions. Results revealed that, graded levels of P and K, highest grain (4091 kg ha-1) and straw yield (7242 kg ha-1) was recorded with P3K1 (35:15 kg ha-1 of P2O5 and K2O) though the difference was non-significant. Whereas, with N application highest grain (4214 kg ha-1) and straw yield (7475 kg ha-1) was recorded with 60 kg N ha-1 which was statistically at par with 50 kg ha-1. Graded levels of P and K not influence the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake but levels of N significantly improve NPK uptake by crop. Highest uptake of total NPK by grains as well as straw was recorded with application of 60 kg N ha-1 which was at par with 50 kg N ha-1 .

Kushinagar district of Eastern Uttar Pradesh is divided into 14 blocks with 1571 villages. The net sown area is 2.33 lakh ha out of that 1.67 lakh ha under irrigation. This district has a prominent place for fruits and vegetables cultivation. The major crops of the district are paddy (rice), sugarcane, wheat, maize, pulses, potato, vegetables and mango. Rice-wheat based cropping system is most dominated in the district. Traditional integration is practiced in such a way that product of one component should be the input for other enterprises with high degree of complimentary effects on each other and also increase the farmer income. The study advocated the benefits of productivity improvement by 30-50% depending upon the number and kind of enterprises and their management. Sole rice could not give high income as compare of mixed /integrated farming system, so its needs to be refine / developed suitable integrated farming system in that's reasons. To sustain and satisfy needs, farmers include crop production, livestock, poultry, goat keeping, etc. in their farming systems. Earlier, the important objective of existing farming was subsistence and few farmers are now approaching for quality and soil health aspects also.

An experiment was conducted during kharif 2015 at Agronomy Research Farm, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu (J&K), India to study the effect of graded levels of N, P & K on yield and nutrient uptake of fine rice (Oryza sativa) under subtropical conditions. Results revealed that, graded levels of P and K, highest grain (4091 kg ha-1) and straw yield (7242 kg ha-1) was recorded with P3K1 (35:15 kg ha-1 of P2O5 and K2O) though the difference was non-significant. Whereas, with N application highest grain (4214 kg ha-1) and straw yield (7475 kg ha-1) was recorded with 60 kg N ha-1 which was statistically at par with 50 kg ha-1. Graded levels of P and K not influence the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake but levels of N significantly improve NPK uptake by crop. Highest uptake of total NPK by grains as well as straw was recorded with application of 60 kg N ha-1 which was at par with 50 kg N ha-1 .

The present study was conducted at Shoolini University, Solan during the kharif season 2022 to evaluate the influence of Different Fertility Levels on Growth and Quality of Pearl millet in Mid Hills of Himachal Pradesh. The soil of the experimental site was fertile with uniform sandy loam texture, medium in N and K but high in phosphorus availability. The experiment  was laid out in RBD comprising of ten treatments (T1) Control, (T2) 100% RDF, (T3) 120% RDF, (T4) 50% RDF + FYM @ 10 t ha-1, (T5) 75% RDF + FYM @ 5 t ha-1), (T6) 100% RDF + FYM @ 5 t ha-1, (T7) 50% RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t ha-1, (T8) 75% RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t ha-1, (T9) 100% RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t ha-1 and (T10) 75% RDF + FYM @ 5 t ha-1 + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t ha-1 and and replicated thrice. Pearl millet cultivar PHB-2884 was sown at spacing of 45 × 15 cm with the seed rate of 4 Kg ha-1. Plant population, plant height, nitrogen content & uptake and protein yield were recorded significantly higher with applicat...

In Himachal Pradesh, farmers typically possess small land holdings where machinery isn't practical for various sowing techniques, limiting them to broadcasting. Regarding nitrogen, it facilitates more vegetative growth by enhancing the photosynthetic rate. The higher the nitrogen content, the greater the vegetative growth potential. Therefore, present investigation titled “Effect of Sowing Methods and   Nitrogen Levels on Growth, Yield and Economics of Oats (Avena sativa L.) under Mid-hills of Himachal Pradesh, India” was conducted during rabi season of 2022-23 at Chamelti Agriculture Farm, MS Swaminathan School of Agriculture, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh. The field experiment was laid out in Split Plot Design comprising twelve treatments with three replications. The experiment consists of three sowing methods in main plot i.e., (S1) Broadcasting, (S2) Line sowing and (S3) Crisscross and four levels of nitrogen N0 (0 kg h...

Biofertilizers are tiny living organisms that can enrich the quality of the soil. These organisms positively imapact, making them healthier and more productive. One of the great things about biofertilizers is that they are environmentally friendly. Unlike some chemical fertilizers, they do not harm the environment. This makes them a good choice for sustainable farming practices. Another advantage of using biofertilizers is that they are cost-effective. One of their most important roles is maintaining the soil’s long-term fertility. Over time, chemical fertilizers can deplete the soil of its natural nutrients. Biofertilizers, on the other hand, work in harmony with the soil, helping to keep it healthy and productive for years to come. So, if you want to increase your soil's productivity and do so in an environmentally friendly and cost-effective way, using biofertilizers is smart and intelligent. The present investigation, titled Effect of Biofertilizer and Fertility Levels on Gr...

Castor is an important non-edible oilseed crop grown during the monsoon season mainly for its seed, from which 40-50% oil is extracted. It does well both under dry land or rainfed farming and limited irrigation due to deep root-system. Its cultivation is becoming popular in northwestern part of the country owing to its better performance under stress conditions and higher export potential. Newly developed genotypes of castor are different from the traditional ones in terms of morphology, duration, growth response, and productivity (Kumar et al., 2003; Raghavaiah et al., 2003). They also respond differently to

A quadreplicated split plot design field experiment with two main plot treatments and weight subplot treatments were conducted during summer 2011. Both the SH compounds and water was sprayed twice i.e., 25 and 45 DAS. Seed yield was not influenced but stover yield was significantly reduced due to moisture stress at vegetative stage (M 2). Moisture stress did not influence protein content and protein yield. Crop without moisture stress (M 1) produced higher net return and cost benefit ratio (CBR). Use of Thiourea 500 ppm (S 4) increased seed and stover yield by 58 and 84% respectively over control (S 1). Protein content and yield also increased with thiourea application @ 500 ppm (S 4) over the SH compounds. Net return and CBR was highest with Thiourea 500 ppm. Use of thiourea @ 500 ppm without moisture stress earned maximum while moisture stress with control recorded the lowest net return and CBR. Foliar spray of thiourea@ 500 ppm twice at 25 and 45 DAS proved most effective to get higher yield and net return from summer greengram.

The greater challenges of the 21 st century is affordably meeting nutritious food demand for a world population which were expected to surpass 9.6 billion people at middle of the century and at the same time sustaining a quality and quantity of a natural resources and biodiversity. Coming to the reality a need of urgent attention for technological innovations in a sector of food production ultimately leading for "greater protein and energy production per unit of resource input". Therefore, a field experimented was conducted at Chamelti Agriculture Farm,

Weed management in mungbean is one of the most efficient ways to improve its growth, as uncontrolled weed growth causes a significant decrease in crop growth. Effects of various herbicides applied at different rates as pre-emergence or as post-emergence were studied on growth characterstics in mungbean. It is usually infested and its growth parameter is adversely affected by a number of weed species that compete with the crop from germination to harvest, affecting the crop growth adversely. A field experiment titled "Effect of Different Weed Management Practices on Growth Characters of Mungbean under Mid-hills of Himachal Pradesh" was conducted during the kharif season of 2022 at Chamelti Agriculture Farm, MS Swaminathan School of

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is one of the most important pulse legumes in many parts of the world. India is largest producer of chickpea in the world, sharing 65 and 70 % of the total global area and production, respectively. Different weed control practices use of herbicides were followed for better management. Application of herbicide at critical growth stages followed by one or two hand weeding at proper time or manipulation of row spacing for improving the weed suppressing effect of crops gives marginal improvement in crop yield. A field experiment titled "Effects of Different Weed Management Practices on Growth Characters of Chickpea in Mid-hills of Himachal Pradesh" was

Crop production encounters challenges due to the dearth of nitrogen and phosphorus, while excessive use of chemical fertilizers causes environmental hazards. Use of Rhizobium and phosphate solubilizing hazards. The use of Rhizobium and phosphate solubilizing bacteria can be a sustainable strategy to overcome these problems. The present investigation was conducted during Kharif season of 2022 at Chamelti Agriculture Farm,

The nutrient applied is not readily available to the plants due to soil salinity; a sufficient quantity is leached or fixed in the soil. Balanced application of fertilizer like nitrogen and phosphorus play vital role in enhancing the yield of sesame. Nitrogen is a structural component of chlorophyll and protein therefore adequate supply of nitrogen is beneficial for both carbohydrates and protein metabolism as it promotes cell division and cell enlargement, resulting in more leaf area and thus ensuring good seed and dry matter yield. The present investigation was conducted during kharif season of 2022 at

Experiment was carried out using chlorophyll meter in order to adequate use of nitrogen in wheat crop on alluvial soil of eastern India. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with fourteen treatment combinations of two SPAD levels (42 and 44) as main plot and seven wheat cultivars as sub plot during the dry season of 2015-16 in Sabour, Bhagalpur. Herein the study, growth attributes in SPAD 42 were found comparable with SPAD 44 in most of the cases, using considerably less amount of N (19%) than SPAD 44. The highest grain yield (5172 kg ha-1) was recorded in cultivar HD 2967 followed by Sabour Samriddhi (4817 kg ha-1) and both these cultivars were significantly superior over the cultivar PBW 343 which had scored the lowest productivity among the sub plot treatments. Similar trend was noticed in case of straw yield, where SPAD 42 and 44 were comparable likewise in grain yield. Study confirmed that chlorophyll meter based N management, especially maintenance of SPAD threshold value of 42 with N application of 20 kg ha-1 in each top dressing could save substantial amount of N along with the positive impact on grain yield.