Papers by Jung-hsing Chang
Concentric. Studies in Linguistics
In modern Chinese, a Directional Verb Construction (DVC) may contain either two or three verbs. D... more In modern Chinese, a Directional Verb Construction (DVC) may contain either two or three verbs. DVCs with two verbs can be represented in three different ways, and DVCs with three verbs can be represented in four different ways. The different positions of the shared internal noun phrase (NP) argument result in divergent word orders of DVCs. Based on the Corpus of the United Daily News, this study discusses the syntax-pragmatic interface in Chinese DVCs within the framework of Role and Reference Grammar (RRG) with the intention of ascertaining how NP arguments are linked to syntax in DVCs, while at the same time accounting for what pragmatic factors play a role in determining constructional schemas for argument linking. The results show that different patterns of DVCs have different focus domains, and that the differential activation state of the internal NP argument plays an essential role in determining word order. Considering the correlation between activation state and focus doma...
臺灣語文研究, 2023
The same idiom can be interpreted in different ways according to
different contexts. This study,... more The same idiom can be interpreted in different ways according to
different contexts. This study, drawing on the notion of image schemas, examines the polysemous phenomena related to the Chinese idiom jin chan tuo ke ‘a cicada casting off its skin’. The data for the analysis were collected from the corpus of the United Daily News (2003-2020). The results of the study show how different interpretations of the idiom jin chan tuo ke result from a semantic network centering on the container image schema and the in-out image schema, employed in combination with rhetorical strategies like metaphors and shifts in focus and perspective. The analysis suggests that the meaning of the
idiom jin chan tuo ke has extended in a process similar to that
proposed for the English preposition over. The results of this study provide insights into Chinese language learning/understanding and should be useful in helping Chinese language learners acquire Chinese idioms more efficiently.
華文世界(The World of Chinese Language), 2023
This paper discusses the discourse structure and the metaphoric phenomena in the essay of Tao Qua... more This paper discusses the discourse structure and the metaphoric phenomena in the essay of Tao Quanquan ‘ring toss’, based on the Event Structure Metaphor. It aims to demonstrate how the Event Structure Metaphor in discourse can be applied to the teaching of Chinese idioms. According to our study, many idiomatic expressions are related to the Event Structure Metaphor, for example, the idioms such as zou tou wu lu ‘at an impasse at a dead end’, jin tui wei gu ‘no room to advance’, and jian nan xian zu ‘untold dangers and difficulties’ are associated with the metaphor of ‘difficulties are impediments to motion.’ Through the analysis of Event Structure Metaphor, we can better interpret the metaphoric meanings in the discourse. Besides, we can connect the different but related idioms to the discourse and design how to teach idioms in a systematic way.
Concentric: Studies in Linguistics, 2023
In this paper we reanalyze the so-called classifier predicates with special reference to Taiwan S... more In this paper we reanalyze the so-called classifier predicates with special reference to Taiwan Sign Language, arguing that the so-called classifier morpheme is a superordinate and should be analyzed as a proform because of its primary anaphoric function. In addition, we develop an approach combining Talmy's (1985) motion events with the proform analysis to account for how Figure and Ground are represented concurrently with spatial verbs in spatial constructions and how the proforms of Figure and Ground are formed to satisfy such requirement. It is shown that in Taiwan Sign Language the proforms of Ground are more predictable than those of Figure, because the Ground usually takes the handshape of the non-moving hand as its proform, while the Figure usually adopts a new handshape that is not part of the given sign to serve as its proform.
Taiwan Journal of Linguistics, 2006
This paper discusses the proposals of Li and Thompson (1977), Yen (1986), and Feng (1993) in rela... more This paper discusses the proposals of Li and Thompson (1977), Yen (1986), and Feng (1993) in relation to the development of the Chinese copula and argues that Li and Thompson's suggestion of a topic mechanism, Yen's analogical change, and Feng's phonological pause are unsatisfactory in explaining the development of the copula. It is suggested that Katz's (1996) cognitive concept of existence in time and space between pronouns and copulas is what relates the demonstrative pronoun shi to a copula, while the verbal form shi occurring in the same syntactic context as the demonstrative pronoun shi is what triggers this demonstrative pronoun to turn into a copula.
文章编号:1003-0077(2011)00-0000-00 论中国手语的分类词谓语 姚登峰 ,江铭虎 ,张荣兴 3 , 阿布都克力木.阿布力孜 2 (1. 北京市信息服务工程重点实验室(北京联... more 文章编号:1003-0077(2011)00-0000-00 论中国手语的分类词谓语 姚登峰 ,江铭虎 ,张荣兴 3 , 阿布都克力木.阿布力孜 2 (1. 北京市信息服务工程重点实验室(北京联合大学),北京 100101; 2. 清华大学人文学院计算语言学实验室,清华大学心理学与认知科学研究中心,北京 100084; 3. 台湾中正大学语言学研究所,台湾嘉义县 621) 摘要:分类词谓语是手语中一种独特的语言现象。中国大陆学者对分类词谓语的研究刚开始涉足,尚未见 到系统的研究报道。本文试图从语言学的角度对中国手语分类词谓语做了语义认知分析,首先结合 Talmy 的动态事件和代形词的分析,解释了中国手语的分类词谓语现象,分析了主体和背景的代形词如何形成以 达到手语同时性和序列性要求,并由此确定了主体代形词和背景代形词通常是由非运动的手形组成,另一 方面也说明中国手语与汉语的相互影响,对“动作”和“位于”这两类的手语代形词作了较为详细的描述 及分类。 关键词:中国 手语;分类词谓语;手形;代名词 中图分类号:TP391 文献标识码:A
Based on the idea that cognitive processes play an important role in linguistic analysis, this pa... more Based on the idea that cognitive processes play an important role in linguistic analysis, this paper focuses on two main issues. The first issue is concerned with the nature of the intertwined relations of the various meanings of the Chinese polysemous word xiang and how these different meanings are extended from the original meaning found in ancient Chinese texts. The relations between these meanings can be accounted for in terms of five cognitive processes: generalization, extendability across motive states, profile, metaphor, and change in the position of the perspective point, all of which constitute links within the semantic network of xiang. The second issue is concerned with why xiang has two opposite meanings, i.e., goal marker and source marker. It is proposed that the two opposite meanings result from a change in the position of the perspective point in a given schema. That is, by changing the perspective point from that of the starting point of the movement of the Figure ...
This paper discusses why the aspect marker le in Chinese has been analyzed in many different ways... more This paper discusses why the aspect marker le in Chinese has been analyzed in many different ways in previous studies when occurring with stage-level states, and argues that it does not shift the given state into an activity or an achievement, as suggested by Smith (1997) and Szeto (1988). In addition, this paper proposes that the aspect marker le, when occurring with stage-level states, is able to evoke a boundary, to which the adverbial chabuduo/jihu 'almost' can make reference. Because the boundary of an individual-level state is usually not evoked, the occurrence of an individual-level state with the adverbial chabuduo/jihu 'almost' is impossible.
International Conference on Role and Reference Grammar 2004 Pags 172 190, 2004
Deontic modal in the pre-verbal position: (6) ECONOMY SITUATION BAD, POOR^PEOPLE GOVERNMENT [CAN ... more Deontic modal in the pre-verbal position: (6) ECONOMY SITUATION BAD, POOR^PEOPLE GOVERNMENT [CAN D ] TAKE-CARE+POOR^PEOPLE CL 'Due to economic recession, the government will take care of the poor.' CAN The sentences with the deontic modal 'CAN', as in (6) and (7) only differ in the syntactic positions. But the sentence with the modal in the clause-final position, as in (7) conveys stronger subjectivity. Deontic modal in the clause-final position: (7) ECONOMY SITUATION BAD, POOR^PEOPLE GOVERNMENT TAKE-CARE+ POOR^PEOPLECL [CAN D ] 'Due to economic recession, the government is obligated to take care of the poor.' CAN upward-backward head tilt, chin up The non-manual features (e.g., upward-backward head tilt, chin up) are incorporated into the clause-final deontic modal to show the stronger subjectivity. Epistemic modal in the preverbal position: (8) SISTER STUDY DILIGENT. SHE [DEFINITE E ] EXAM SUCCESS 'My sister studies so hard. She will pass the exam.' DEFINITE The sentences in (8) and (9) describe the same situation, but the modals in these two sentences occur in different positions. The sentence with the modal in the clause-final position, as in (9) conveys stronger subjectivity. [NEG^Deontic] > [NEG^Epistemic]: (19)HE WIFE INDEX RESTURANT WORK. HE WIFE FOOD COOK [NEG^CAN N^D ] [NEG^SHOULD N^E ]. 'His wife works in restaurant. It is not possible that she does not know how to cook.' [NEG^Epistemic] > [NEG^Deontic] : (20)*HE WILE INDEX RESTURANT WORK. HE WIFE FOOD COOK [NEG^SHOULD N^E ] [NEG^CAN N^D ]. When both modals are negated, and the negated epistemic modal has to occur after the negated deontic modal.
Language and Linguistics
Metaphors in the film Butterfly Lovers are examined within the framework of Mental Spaces Theory ... more Metaphors in the film Butterfly Lovers are examined within the framework of Mental Spaces Theory (Fauconnier 1994, 1997, Fauconnier & Turner 2002), illustrating how context in discourse plays an important role in the interpretation of metaphor. We propose that metaphorical interpretations in Butterfly Lovers result from conceptual blending (partial cross-space mappings). In addition, we demonstrate how the Optimization of presupposition obstructs the metaphorical interpretation and how the Upward Floating of presupposition reinterprets the same context from literal meaning into metaphorical meaning.
Metaphors in the film Butterfly Lovers are examined within the framework of Mental Spaces Theory ... more Metaphors in the film Butterfly Lovers are examined within the framework of Mental Spaces Theory (Fauconnier 1994, 1997, Fauconnier & Turner 2002), illustrating how context in discourse plays an important role in the interpretation of metaphor. We propose that metaphorical interpretations in Butterfly Lovers result from conceptual blending (partial cross-space mappings). In addition, we demonstrate how the Optimization of presupposition obstructs the metaphorical interpretation and how the Upward Floating of presupposition reinterprets the same context from literal meaning into metaphorical meaning.
Taiwan Journal of Linguistics
This paper discusses the proposals of Li and Thompson (1977), Yen (1986), and Feng (1993) in rela... more This paper discusses the proposals of Li and Thompson (1977), Yen (1986), and Feng (1993) in relation to the development of the Chinese copula and argues that Li and Thompson's suggestion of a topic mechanism, Yen's analogical change, and Feng's phonological pause are unsatisfactory in explaining the development of the copula. It is suggested that Katz's (1996) cognitive concept of existence in time and space between pronouns and copulas is what relates the demonstrative pronoun shi to a copula, while the verbal form shi occurring in the same syntactic context as the demonstrative pronoun shi is what triggers this demonstrative pronoun to turn into a copula.
Honolulu: University of Hawaii dissertation, 2001
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2001. Includes bibliographical references (leaves... more Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2001. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 257-284). Microfiche.
Journal of Taiwanese Language and Literature, 2019
This paper discusses metaphors in the modern poem Chuang-Xi (sex scene, literally translated as ‘... more This paper discusses metaphors in the modern poem Chuang-Xi (sex scene, literally translated as ‘bed-play’) within the framework of mental space theory, and aims to explain what the structures of metaphors look like and what has brought about ambiguous interpretations in the poem. It will be pointed out how the poet employs the polysemy of lexical item chuang-xi ‘sex scene’ and the cognitive concept of frame-shifting to create the ambiguity in the poem, as a result bringing a series of metaphorical interpretations. In addition to the metaphorical meanings, this research also helps us understand how the metaphors are processed by the reader when reading a poem. 本文以心理空間理論來分析現代詩〈床戲〉的隱喻現象，希望透過認知語言學理論的分析，來呈現詩中的隱喻結構以及歧義產生的背後機制。本文討論了詩人如何在詩中結合詞的多義現象和「框架」的認知概念，進而很巧妙地應用「框架轉換」的策略讓「床戲」這個詞產生歧義，並引發一系列的隱喻重新詮釋現象，為此文學作品帶來隱藏在字面下的弦外之音。本文的研究除了探討潛藏在詩中的涵義，同時也解析了讀者理解詩中隱喻的思維過程。
教材取材自真實語料，提供學生更多學習真實語言的機會，是近年來華語文教學的趨勢。然而真實語料中獨樹一格的語言現象，常讓華語教師在教學時感到困擾，轉喻即是種常見的語言轉化現象。本文從認知語言學的觀點... more 教材取材自真實語料，提供學生更多學習真實語言的機會，是近年來華語文教學的趨勢。然而真實語料中獨樹一格的語言現象，常讓華語教師在教學時感到困擾，轉喻即是種常見的語言轉化現象。本文從認知語言學的觀點重新詮釋台灣華語中指稱轉喻現象及其背後的認知機制。本文主張轉喻是透過一個概念實體為另一個概念實體提供心理捷徑的認知過程，兩種概念實體間也會產生語意的融合現象。本文將轉喻區分成：來源域在目標域內的轉喻、目標域在來源域內的轉喻，並說明華語轉喻的內部結構，並進一步提出華語文轉喻教學的建議。
本文以認知語言學的譬喻相關理論審視「語言癌」議題，描繪出「做一個⋯⋯的動作」的認知概念圖。作者認為，從認知語言學的角度來看，釐清使用者的認知概念才是消除「語言癌」的關鍵。
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Papers by Jung-hsing Chang
different contexts. This study, drawing on the notion of image schemas, examines the polysemous phenomena related to the Chinese idiom jin chan tuo ke ‘a cicada casting off its skin’. The data for the analysis were collected from the corpus of the United Daily News (2003-2020). The results of the study show how different interpretations of the idiom jin chan tuo ke result from a semantic network centering on the container image schema and the in-out image schema, employed in combination with rhetorical strategies like metaphors and shifts in focus and perspective. The analysis suggests that the meaning of the
idiom jin chan tuo ke has extended in a process similar to that
proposed for the English preposition over. The results of this study provide insights into Chinese language learning/understanding and should be useful in helping Chinese language learners acquire Chinese idioms more efficiently.
different contexts. This study, drawing on the notion of image schemas, examines the polysemous phenomena related to the Chinese idiom jin chan tuo ke ‘a cicada casting off its skin’. The data for the analysis were collected from the corpus of the United Daily News (2003-2020). The results of the study show how different interpretations of the idiom jin chan tuo ke result from a semantic network centering on the container image schema and the in-out image schema, employed in combination with rhetorical strategies like metaphors and shifts in focus and perspective. The analysis suggests that the meaning of the
idiom jin chan tuo ke has extended in a process similar to that
proposed for the English preposition over. The results of this study provide insights into Chinese language learning/understanding and should be useful in helping Chinese language learners acquire Chinese idioms more efficiently.