João Gilberto: Difference between revisions

| birth_place = [[Juazeiro]], [[Bahia]], Brazil

| death_place = [[Rio de Janeiro]], [[Rio de Janeiro (state)|Rio de Janeiro]], Brazil

| spouse = {{marriage|[[Astrud Gilberto]]|1959|1964|end=divorceseparated}}

'''João Gilberto''' (born '''João Gilberto do Prado Pereira de Oliveira''' – {{IPA-|pt|ʒuˈɐ̃w ʒiwˈbɛʁtu|lang}}; 10 June 1931 – 6 July 2019) was a Brazilian guitarist, singer, and composer who was a pioneer of the musical genre of [[bossa nova]] in the late 1950s. Around the world, he was often called the "father of bossa nova";<ref name=BBC_obit>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-48894651 |title=João Gilberto: Brazilian 'father of bossa nova' dies aged 88 |work=BBC |date=7 July 2019 |access-date=7 July 2019 }}</ref><ref name=Guardian_anon>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2019/jul/06/brazilian-musician-joao-gilberto-dies-aged-88 |title=Brazilian musician João Gilberto dies aged 88 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date= 6 July 2019 |access-date=7 July 2019 }}</ref><ref name=Guardian_Denselow>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2019/jul/06/joao-gilberto-obituary |title=João Gilberto obituary |author=Robin Denselow |author-link=Robin Denselow |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=6 July 2019 |access-date=7 July 2019 }}</ref> in his native Brazil, he was referred to as ''"O Mito"'' ("The Legend").<ref name="Allmusic">{{cite web |last1=Dougan |first1=John |title=João Gilberto – Biography & History |url=https://www.allmusic.com/artist/joão-gilberto-mn0000785283/biography |publisher=AllMusic |access-date=8 July 2019}}</ref>

In 1963, Gilberto collaborated with American jazz musician [[Stan Getz]] on the album ''[[Getz/Gilberto]]'' which was released the following year. Jobim played the piano for the album while Gilberto's then-wife [[Astrud Gilberto|Astrud]] performed the vocals in English while he sang in Portuguese. Although Astrud Gilberto was only in the recording studio to be with her husband, João Gilberto requested her to sing on several of the tracks as he could not sing in English. This resulted within a duet between the two on the track "[[The Girl from Ipanema]]" which became a major hit from the album.<ref>{{cite book |last1=McGowan |first1=Chris |last2=Pessanha |first2=Ricardo |title=The Brazilian Sound: Samba, Bossa Nova, and the Popular Music of Brazil |date=1998 |publisher=Temple University Press |isbn=9781566395458 |page=68 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7MFD-EoTR7MC&pg=PA68}}</ref> At the [[7th Annual Grammy Awards]], ''Getz/Gilberto'' won three awards including [[Grammy Award for Album of the Year|Album of the Year]], which marked the first time a jazz album received the accolade.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ruggiero |first1=Bob |title=The Girl From Ipanema – Still Turning (Jazz) Heads at 50 |url=https://www.houstonpress.com/arts/the-girl-from-ipanema-still-turning-jazz-heads-at-50-6378314 |access-date=9 July 2019 |work=Houston Press |date=26 June 2014}}</ref>

In July 1958, [[Elizete Cardoso]] released the famous [[LP record|LP]], ''[[Canção do Amor Demais]]'', containing songs by Tom Jobim and [[Vinicius de Moraes]]. The record, however, would enter the history of [[Música popular brasileira|Brazilian popular music]] for another reason: Gilberto accompanied Cardoso on guitar on the tracks "Chega de Saudade" and "Outra Vez", these being the first recordings of the so-called "bossa nova beat". In August of that year, Gilberto released a [[Phonograph record#78 rpm disc developments|78 rpm record]] containing "Chega de Saudade" and "Bim Bom", recorded at Odeon, with collaborations from Jobim, [[Dorival Caymmi]] and [[Aloysio de Oliveira]]. This albumrecord inaugurated the "[[bossa nova]]" genre and soon became a commercial success. Gilberto's recording had arrangements by Jobim and the participation of [[Milton Banana]], among other artists. Gilberto innovated by using two microphones to record, one for the voice and one for the guitar. This way, the harmony became more clearly heard. Until then, songs were recorded with only one microphone, emphasizing the voice to the detriment of the guitar. With this innovation, voice and guitar could compete equally, if the voice maintained a natural intensity. Thus, it was necessary to issue the voice in a volume close to that of ordinary speech. With Gilberto, voice and guitar are kept at the same volume intensity, with the microphones picking up both sound sources equally, and, if required, changing the volume of both would be in equal proportion. In 1959, Gilberto released another 78 rpm, containing "[[Desafinado]]" by Jobim and [[Newton Mendonça]], and "Hô-bá-lá-lá", written by himself. In March 1959, he released the LP ''[[Chega de Saudade (album)|Chega de Saudade]]'', which became a sales success and had a major impact in the history of Brazilian music.<ref name="Role on Bossa Nova" />

Writing in ''[[The Guardian]]'' after his death, [[Dom Phillips]] described Gilberto as ".. one of the country's greatest musicians and composers, a reclusive genius in a nation of extroverts whose work recalled happier, more optimistic times for a deeply divided nation."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/07/brazil-mourns-death-of-musician-joao-gilberto|title=Brazil mourns death of musician João Gilberto|first=Dom|last=Phillips|date=7 July 2019|work=The Guardian}}</ref> In ''[[The Washington Post]]'' pop critic Chris Richards said, "His voice was one of the most intimate sounds of the 20th century – more melodic than a sigh, more rhythmic than chitchat, only just barely. Every syllable that appeared on his lips carried an air of effortlessness, but Gilberto had worked hard to locate that sacred place where a human breath becomes music."<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/joao-gilberto-sang-lullabies-to-the-future/2019/07/07/1770b426-a0cb-11e9-b732-41a79c2551bf_story.html|title=Perspective &#124; João Gilberto sang lullabies to the future|date=7 July 2019|first=Chris|last=Richards|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=5 October 2019}}</ref>

Gilberto has released several studio and live albums:<ref>

* 1951: ''"Quando Você Recordar" // "Amar é Bom''" (1951)

* 1951: ''"Anjo Cruel" // "Sem Ela''" (1951)

* 1952: ''"Quando Ela Sai" // "Meia Luz''" (1952)

* 1958: ''"Chega de Saudade" //Bim ""Bim-Bom''" (Odeon 14.360, 1958)

* 1958: ''"Desafinado" // "Hô-bá-lá-lá''" (Odeon 14.426, 1958)

* 1960: ''[[OChega Amor,de oSaudade Sorriso(album)|Chega ede a FlorSaudade]]'' (Odeon, 1959)

* 1961:''[[O Amor, o Sorriso e a Flor]]'' [AKA ''Brazil's Brilliant João Gilberto''] (Odeon, 1960)

* 1962: ''Bossa Nova at Carnegie Hall'' (Audio Fidelity, 1963)

* 1965: ''HerbieThe MannWarm &World of João Gilberto'' with(Atlantic, Antônio1963) reissue of ''Chega Carlosde JobimSaudade''

* 1970: ''[[João Getz/Gilberto enVol. México2]]'' (with Stan Getz) (Verve, 1964 [1966])

* 1973: ''[[João Gilberto (album)|Joãoen GilbertoMéxico]]'' (Orfeon, 1970)

* 1976: ''[[The Best of Two Worlds]]'' (with Stan Getz) (Columbia, 1975 [1976])

* 1976: ''[[Amoroso (album)|Amoroso]]'' (Warner Bros., 1977)

* 1980: ''[[João Gilberto Prado Pereira de Oliveira (album)|João Gilberto Prado Pereira de Oliveira]]'' (Warner Bros., 1980)

* 1981: ''[[Brasil (1981 album)|Brasil]]'' (with [[Caetano Veloso]], [[Gilberto Gil]] and [[Maria Bethânia]]) (Warner Bros., 1981)

* 1985: ''Meditação'' (EMI, 1985)

* 1986: ''[[Live in Montreux]]'' (Elektra Musician, 1985 [1987])

* 1990: ''[[Stan Getz MeetsJoão (album)|João & Astrud Gilberto]]'' (Philips, 1991)

* 1991: ''[[JoãoEu Sei que Vou Te Amar (album)|JoãoEu Sei que Vou Te Amar]]'' (Epic, 1994)

* 1996: ''[[Live at Umbria Jazz]]'' (EGEA [Italy], 2002)

! rowspan="34" scope="row" | [[Grammy Awards]]

!|[[43rd Annual Grammy Awards|2001]]

[[Category:MaleBrazilian male jazz musicians]]