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Ƶ (minuscule: ƶ), called Z with stroke, is a letter of the Latin alphabet derived from Z, with the addition of a stroke through the center.
| Z with stroke | |
|---|---|
| Ƶ ƶ | |
| Ż, J, Z | |
 | |
| Usage | |
| Writing system | Latin |
| Type | alphabetic |
| Sound values | |
| In Unicode | U+01B5, U+01B6 |
| History | |
| Development | |
| Transliterations | Ь |
| Variations | Ż, J, Z |
| Other | |
| Writing direction | left-to-right |
Use in alphabets
editƵ is used in the Latin version of the Karachay-Balkar latin alphabet to represent [ʒ], with ⟨ж⟩ as the Cyrillic equivalent.
Ƶ was used in the Jaꞑalif alphabet (part of Uniform Turkic Alphabet) for the Tatar language in the first half of the 20th-century to represent a voiced postalveolar fricative (IPA: [ʒ]), now written ⟨j⟩.
Ƶ was used in the 1992 Latin Chechen spelling as voiced postalveolar fricative (IPA: [ʒ]). It was also used in a 1931 variant of the Karelian alphabet for the Tver dialect.
The 1931–1941 Mongolian Latin alphabet used Ƶ to represent Voiced postalveolar affricate (IPA: [d͡ʒ]).
It is used in Unifon, being the last letter representing the voiced alveolar fricative (IPA: /z/).
It was also used in the Latin script for the Abkhaz language representing the voiced retroflex fricative (IPA: [ʐ]). It represents the same sound in the Polish alphabet, remaining in active usage by some as an alternative for the letter Ż (called "Z with overdot"). However, only the latter glyph is considered standard and is taught in Polish schools to children.
It is sometimes used as the form for the standard Z to distinguish it from the numeral ⟨two 2⟩.
Use in heraldry
editThe Ƶ character is similar to the vertical form of the Wolfsangel (German for "wolf trap") heraldic charge from medieval Germany and eastern France.
The Wolfsangel symbol was an early 15th-century symbol of Germanic liberty and freedom that also appears as a mason's mark and was also used as a German medieval forestry boundary marker.[1] The Wolfsangel symbol uses the mostly, but not exclusively, reversed Ƶ character in both horizontal and vertical forms, and in heraldry, the vertical form is associated with a Donnerkeil (or "thunderbolt").[2]
- Vertical form of the Wolfsangel hearaldic charge
-
Municipal arms of Oestrich-Winkel -
Municipal arms of Marpingen -
Municipal arms of Eppelborn
Appropriation by Nazis
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In World War 2, the Wolfsangel symbol was appropriated into Nazi symbolism by both military and non-military groups and now remains listed as a hate symbol by the Anti-Defamation League database.[1][3] In 2020, a trend started of Generation Z users of TikTok tattooing a "Generation Ƶ" symbol on their arm as "a symbol of unity in our generation but also as a sign of rebellion" (in the manner of the 15th-century Germanic peasant's revolts), however, the originator of the trend renounced it when the appropriation of the symbol by the Nazis was brought to her attention.[4]
Use in Ukraine
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Far-right movements in Ukraine like the former Social-National Assembly and the Azov Battalion have used a 90-degree rotated Ƶ symbol with an elongated center stroke for the political slogan "National Idea" (Ukrainian: Ідея Нації), where the symbol is a combination of the letters ⟨N⟩ and ⟨I⟩. They deny any connection with Nazism, or with the Wolfsangel symbol.[5][6]
Allographic variant of Z and Ż
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Many people and regions often use Ƶ as a handwritten variant of ⟨Z⟩, especially with mathematicians, scientists, and engineers to avoid confusion with the numeral two ⟨2⟩.[7] [8]
In Polish, the character Ƶ is used as an allographic variant of the letter ⟨Ż⟩ (called "Z with overdot") although once used in Old Polish.
In Greek, the character Ƶ is a handwritten form of the letter Xi ⟨ξ⟩, where the horizontal stroke distinguishes it from Zeta ⟨ζ⟩.
Use as a currency symbol
editƵ was sometimes used instead of ⟨Z⟩ to represent the zaire, a former currency of the Democratic Republic of Congo.
In video games, Ƶ has been used as a fictional currency symbol, particularly in Japanese games where it can stand for zeni (Japanese for "money"). The Dragon Ball franchise, as well as Capcom games, use Ƶ in this way. It can also be found in the games EVE Online and Ace Combat 5: The Unsung War, where it stands for, respectively, the "Interstellar Kredit" (ISK) and the "Osean Zollar".
Use in modern runic writing
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A 45-degree rotated Ƶ forms the basis of the Gibor rune, which is a pseudo-rune (i.e. not an actual ancient rune) invented in 1902 by the 19th-century Austrian mysticist and Germanic revivalist Guido von List, and features prominently in modern runic writing.
Use in computers
editThe Unicode standard specifies two codepoints:
- U+01B5 Ƶ LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z WITH STROKE
- U+01B6 ƶ LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH STROKE
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Ahmed, Akbar (February 2018). Journey into Europe: Islam, Immigration, and Identity. Brookings Institution. p. 77. ISBN 9780815727583.
- ^ Yenne, Bill (October 2010). Hitler's Master of the Dark Arts: Himmler's Black Knights and the Occult Origins of the SS. Zenith Press. p. 69. ISBN 978-0760337783.
- ^ "Wolfsangel: General Hate Symbols, Neo-Nazi Symbols". Anti-Defamation League. Retrieved 17 March 2022.
- ^ Greenspan, Rachel (22 September 2020). "TikTok users recommended a Nazi symbol as a Gen Z tattoo idea to represent 'rebellion'". Insider. Retrieved 17 March 2022.
- ^ "Profile: Who are Ukraine's far-right Azov regiment?". Al Jazeera. 1 March 2022. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
- ^ Schipani, Andres (29 March 2022). "'Don't confuse patriotism and Nazism': Ukraine's Azov forces face scrutiny". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 2022-12-11. Retrieved 2 May 2022.
- ^ "Handwriting alphabet at DuckDuckGo".
- ^ "English Cursive Letters JPG file".
External links
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