摩訶薩埵

See also: 摩诃萨埵

Chinese

		phonetic
trad. (摩訶薩埵)		摩訶	薩埵
simp. (摩诃萨埵)		摩诃	萨埵

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit महासत्त्व (mahāsattva, “great creature; great being”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): móhēsàduǒ

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄛˊ ㄏㄜ ㄙㄚˋ ㄉㄨㄛˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): mo¹ ho¹ saat³ do²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: móhēsàduǒ
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄛˊ ㄏㄜ ㄙㄚˋ ㄉㄨㄛˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: móhesàduǒ
    • Wade–Giles: mo²-ho¹-sa⁴-to³
    • Yale: mwó-hē-sà-dwǒ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mohesahduoo
    • Palladius: мохэсадо (moxɛsado)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu̯ɔ³⁵ xɤ⁵⁵ sä⁵¹ tu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: mo¹ ho¹ saat³ do²
    • Yale: mō hō saat dó
    • Cantonese Pinyin: mo¹ ho¹ saat⁸ do²
    • Guangdong Romanization: mo¹ ho¹ sad³ do²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɔː⁵⁵ hɔː⁵⁵ saːt̚³ tɔː³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: ma xa sat twaX

Rime
Character	摩	訶	薩	埵
Reading #	1/2	1/1	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	曉 (32)	心 (16)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)	歌 (94)	曷 (63)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open	Open	Closed
Division (等)	I	I	I	I
Fanqie	莫婆切	虎何切	桑割切	丁果切
Baxter	ma	xa	sat	twaX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/muɑ/	/hɑ/	/sɑt̚/	/tuɑX/
Pan Wuyun	/muɑ/	/hɑ/	/sɑt̚/	/tuɑX/
Shao Rongfen	/muɑ/	/xɑ/	/sɑt̚/	/tuɑX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/mwa/	/ha/	/sat̚/	/twaX/
Li Rong	/muɑ/	/xɑ/	/sɑt̚/	/tuɑX/
Wang Li	/muɑ/	/xɑ/	/sɑt̚/	/tuɑX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/muɑ/	/xɑ/	/sɑt̚/	/tuɑX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mó	hē	sa	duǒ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	mo4	ho1	saat3	do2

Noun

摩訶薩埵

1. (Buddhism) bodhisattva
2. (Buddhism) mahasattva, a "great bodhisattva", one explicitly defined by their devotion to bodhicitta

Synonyms

• (bodhisattva): 菩薩／菩萨 (púsà), 摩訶薩／摩诃萨 (móhēsà), 菩提薩埵／菩提萨埵 (pútísàduǒ)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (摩訶薩埵):

• → Japanese: 摩(ま)訶(か)薩(さっ)埵(た) (makasatta)

References

• Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “摩訶薩埵” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].

Japanese

Kanji in this term
摩	訶	薩	埵
ま Grade: S	か Hyōgai	さち > さっ Jinmeiyō	た Hyōgai
goon

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 摩訶薩埵 (MC ma xa sat twaX), itself a transliteration of Sanskrit महासत्त्व (mahāsattva, “great creature; great being”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ma̠ka̠sa̠t̚ta̠]

Noun

摩(ま)訶(か)薩(さっ)埵(た) • (makasatta) 

1. (Buddhism) Synonym of 摩訶薩 (makasatsu): a great bodhisattva

See also

• 大(だい)士(し) (daishi), 大(だい)士(じ) (daiji)