See also: dúx

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin dux (leader). Doublet of doge, duc, and duke.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dux (plural duxes or duces)

  1. (UK, Australia, New Zealand) The top (male or female) academic student in a school, or in a year of school; the top student in a specified academic discipline.
    Synonym: (North America) valedictorian
    • 1849, Wilhelm Steven, The History of the High School of Edinburgh, page 191:
      [] on the motion of Sir John Marjoribanks, Bart., Lord Provost, unanimously resolved, July 27, 1814, “that there be annually presented by the town of Edinburgh to the boy at the head of the Greek class, taught by the rector of the High School, a gold medal of the same value [five guineas] as that annually presented to the dux of the Latin class.”
    • 1999, Keith Scott, Gareth Evans, page 29:
      He finished the year dux of Form III with an average 90 per cent over eight subjects. The school did not award end-of-year marks in fourth and fifth forms, but Evans′ report for those years shows he passed all subjects in both years and was again dux in Form V.
    • 2010, Roger K. A. Allen, Ballina Boy, page 28:
      This school was where my father had been dux in his senior year in 1937 just as his father had been dux at the Rockhampton Grammar School27 before the turn of the 19th century.
    • 2011, A. Lydiard, Running to the Top, page 17:
      Quite a few who became national athletic champions were also duxes or top academic pupils at their schools.
  2. (historical) A high-ranking commander in the Roman army, responsible for more than one legion.
  3. (music) The subject of a fugue, answered by the comes.
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Anagrams

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Azerbaijani

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Other scripts
Cyrillic дух
Abjad دوخ

Etymology

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From Russian дух (dux).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dux (definite accusative duxu, plural duxlar)

  1. (colloquial, proscribed) courage
    Synonyms: (vulgar) göt, cəsarət
    bunu eləmək üçün dux lazımdır!it takes courage to do this!
    buna duxum çatmırI lack the courage to do this

Declension

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    Declension of dux
singular plural
nominative dux
duxlar
definite accusative duxu
duxları
dative duxa
duxlara
locative duxda
duxlarda
ablative duxdan
duxlardan
definite genitive duxun
duxların
    Possessive forms of dux
nominative
singular plural
mənim (my) duxum duxlarım
sənin (your) duxun duxların
onun (his/her/its) duxu duxları
bizim (our) duxumuz duxlarımız
sizin (your) duxunuz duxlarınız
onların (their) duxu or duxları duxları
accusative
singular plural
mənim (my) duxumu duxlarımı
sənin (your) duxunu duxlarını
onun (his/her/its) duxunu duxlarını
bizim (our) duxumuzu duxlarımızı
sizin (your) duxunuzu duxlarınızı
onların (their) duxunu or duxlarını duxlarını
dative
singular plural
mənim (my) duxuma duxlarıma
sənin (your) duxuna duxlarına
onun (his/her/its) duxuna duxlarına
bizim (our) duxumuza duxlarımıza
sizin (your) duxunuza duxlarınıza
onların (their) duxuna or duxlarına duxlarına
locative
singular plural
mənim (my) duxumda duxlarımda
sənin (your) duxunda duxlarında
onun (his/her/its) duxunda duxlarında
bizim (our) duxumuzda duxlarımızda
sizin (your) duxunuzda duxlarınızda
onların (their) duxunda or duxlarında duxlarında
ablative
singular plural
mənim (my) duxumdan duxlarımdan
sənin (your) duxundan duxlarından
onun (his/her/its) duxundan duxlarından
bizim (our) duxumuzdan duxlarımızdan
sizin (your) duxunuzdan duxlarınızdan
onların (their) duxundan or duxlarından duxlarından
genitive
singular plural
mənim (my) duxumun duxlarımın
sənin (your) duxunun duxlarının
onun (his/her/its) duxunun duxlarının
bizim (our) duxumuzun duxlarımızın
sizin (your) duxunuzun duxlarınızın
onların (their) duxunun or duxlarının duxlarının

Further reading

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  • dux” in Obastan.com.

Latin

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Latin Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia la

Etymology

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From dūcō (lead, verb) +‎ -s (noun-forming suffix).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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dux m or f (genitive ducis); third declension

  1. leader, head
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.363-364:
      “[...] Portantur avārī / Pygmaliōnis opēs pelagō; dux fēmina factī.”
      “[...] The wealth of avaricious Pygmalion they carry across the sea, a woman the leader of the deed.”
      (Venus tells Aeneas about Dido. See: Pygmalion of Tyre.)
  2. commander, general, captain
  3. prince, ruler
  4. guide, cicerone, conductor
  5. (Medieval Latin) duke
  6. (ambiguous example quotation; various possible interpretations)
    Coordinate term: ducissa
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 4.124-125:
      “[...] Spēluncam Dīdō dux et Troiānus eandem
      dēvenient. [...].”
      “Dido, [as] the [ruler/leader/guide?], and the Trojan [ruler/captain?] [Aeneas] will arrive at the same cavern.”
      (Ambiguity: Queen Dido, ruler of Carthage, here may be a guide, who is “leading the way” into the cave. Aeneas, on the other hand, leads the Trojans as their chieftain or captain. The alliteration of “Dido dux” aligns the word with the queen; however, the juxtaposition can also be understood as Dido and Aeneas being “side-by-side” as they enter together.)

Usage notes

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During the Roman Republic, dux could refer to anyone who commanded troops including foreign leaders but was not a formal military rank. In writing his commentaries on the Gallic Wars, Julius Caesar uses the term only for Celtic generals, with one exception for a Roman commander who held no official rank.

Declension

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Third-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative dux ducēs
Genitive ducis ducum
Dative ducī ducibus
Accusative ducem ducēs
Ablative duce ducibus
Vocative dux ducēs

Derived terms

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Descendants

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References

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  • dux”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • dux”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • dux in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • dux in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • a demagogue, agitator: plebis dux, vulgi turbator, civis turbulentus, civis rerum novarum cupidus
    • (ambiguous) to be guided by ambition: gloria duci
    • (ambiguous) to cherish a hope: spe duci, niti, teneri
    • (ambiguous) to be misled by a vain hope: inani, falsa spe duci, induci
  • dux”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • dux in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
  • dux”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
  • Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
  • Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag

Middle English

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Noun

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dux

  1. (Early Middle English) Alternative form of duk (duke)

Spanish

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Spanish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia es

Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin dux. Doublet of duque.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈduɡs/ [ˈd̪uɣ̞s]
  • Rhymes: -uɡs
  • Syllabification: dux

Noun

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dux m (plural #)

  1. doge (chief magistrate in the republics of Venice and Genoa)

Further reading

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