匏

匏 U+530F, 匏 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-530F ← 匎 [U+530E] CJK Unified Ideographs 匐 → [U+5310]

Translingual

Han character

匏 (Kangxi radical 20, 勹+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 大尸心口山 (KSPRU), four-corner 4721₂, composition ⿰夸包)

1. gourd
2. musical instrument

Derived characters

• 𫉌

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 151, character 33
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2544
• Dae Jaweon: page 341, character 17
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 542, character 4
• Unihan data for U+530F

Chinese

simp. and trad.		匏

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (勹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
袍	*buː
袌	*buː, *buːs
軳	*buː
抱	*buːʔ
勽	*buːs, *mɯnʔ
菢	*buːs
勹	*pruː
包	*pruː
胞	*pruː, *pʰruː
苞	*pruː
枹	*pruː, *bu, *bu
飽	*pruːʔ
泡	*pʰruː, *m̥ʰruːs, *bruː
炮	*pʰruːs, *bruː
皰	*pʰruːs, *bruːs
疱	*pʰruːs, *bruːs
跑	*bruː, *bruːɡ
咆	*bruː
庖	*bruː
匏	*bruː
刨	*bruː
狍	*bruː
炰	*bruː
鉋	*bruː, *bruːs
瓟	*bruː, *bruːɡ
颮	*bruː, *pʰruːɡ
鞄	*bruː, *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *pʰruːɡ
鮑	*bruːʔ
骲	*bruːʔ, *bruːs, *bruːɡ, *pʰoːɡ
玸	*bu
雹	*bruːɡ
窇	*bruːɡ

Etymology

Cognate with 瓢 (OC *bew, “gourd; dried gourd ladle”), as well as Proto-Lolo-Burmese *pu (“pumpkin, gourd”), whence Burmese ဘူး (bhu:, “gourd”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): páo (pao²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄠˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): paau⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): pâu / pû

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: páo
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: páo
    • Wade–Giles: pʻao²
    • Yale: páu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: paur
    • Palladius: пао (pao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: paau⁴
    • Yale: pàauh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: paau⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: pao⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaːu̯²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pâu
    • Tâi-lô: pâu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: paau
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /pau²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pau¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pû
    • Tâi-lô: pû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: puu
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pu²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pu¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /pu²⁴/

Note:

• pâu - literary;
• pû - vernacular.

---

• Middle Chinese: baew

Rime
Character	匏
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	肴 (90)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	薄交切
Baxter	baew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bˠau/
Pan Wuyun	/bᵚau/
Shao Rongfen	/bau/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/baɨw/
Li Rong	/bau/
Wang Li	/bau/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱau/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	páo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	paau4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]ˤru/

  (Zhengzhang): /*bruː/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	匏
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	páo
Middle Chinese	‹ bæw ›
Old Chinese	/*[b]ˁru/
English	gourd
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	匏
Reading #	1/1
No.	288
Phonetic component	勹
Rime group	幽
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	庖
Old Chinese	/*bruː/

Definitions

匏

1. gourd
2. one of the eight categories of musical instruments in the Chinese bayin (八音) classification system, most prominently including mouth organs

Compounds

• 匏仔 (pû-á) (Min Nan)
• 匏尊 (páozūn)
• 匏崙／匏仑 (Páolún)
• 匏瓜 (páoguā)
• 匏繫／匏系 (páoxì)
• 細漢偷挽匏，大漢偷牽牛／细汉偷挽匏，大汉偷牵牛 (sè-hàn thau bán pû, tōa-hàn thau khan gû) (Min Nan)

 

Japanese

Kanji

匏

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. gourd

Readings

• On (unclassified): ほう (hō)
• Kun: ひさご (hisago)

Korean

Hanja

匏 • (po) (hangeul 포, revised po, McCune–Reischauer p'o)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

匏 (bào, bầu)