跑
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Translingual
[edit]| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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Han character
[edit]跑 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 口一心口山 (RMPRU), four-corner 67112, composition ⿰𧾷包)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1223, character 23
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37461
- Dae Jaweon: page 1695, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3697, character 12
- Unihan data for U+8DD1
Chinese
[edit]| simp. and trad. |
跑 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
[edit]| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 袍 | *buː |
| 袌 | *buː, *buːs |
| 軳 | *buː |
| 抱 | *buːʔ |
| 勽 | *buːs, *mɯnʔ |
| 菢 | *buːs |
| 勹 | *pruː |
| 包 | *pruː |
| 胞 | *pruː, *pʰruː |
| 苞 | *pruː |
| 枹 | *pruː, *bu, *bu |
| 飽 | *pruːʔ |
| 泡 | *pʰruː, *m̥ʰruːs, *bruː |
| 炮 | *pʰruːs, *bruː |
| 皰 | *pʰruːs, *bruːs |
| 疱 | *pʰruːs, *bruːs |
| 跑 | *bruː, *bruːɡ |
| 咆 | *bruː |
| 庖 | *bruː |
| 匏 | *bruː |
| 刨 | *bruː |
| 狍 | *bruː |
| 炰 | *bruː |
| 鉋 | *bruː, *bruːs |
| 瓟 | *bruː, *bruːɡ |
| 颮 | *bruː, *pʰruːɡ |
| 鞄 | *bruː, *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *pʰruːɡ |
| 鮑 | *bruːʔ |
| 骲 | *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *bruːɡ, *pʰoːɡ |
| 玸 | *bu |
| 雹 | *bruːɡ |
| 窇 | *bruːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bruː, *bruːɡ) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 包 (OC *pruː).
Etymology 1
[edit]Compare Proto-Loloish *paw¹ (“to flee”) (Schuessler, 2007).
The computing sense is a semantic loan from English run.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): pao3
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): по (po, II)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): pau3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): pau2
- Northern Min (KCR): bǎu
- Eastern Min (BUC): pàu
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6bau
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): pau3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄠˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: pǎo
- Wade–Giles: pʻao3
- Yale: pǎu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pao
- Palladius: пао (pao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: pao3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: pao
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰau⁵³/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: по (po, II)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɔ⁵¹/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: paau2
- Yale: páau
- Cantonese Pinyin: paau2
- Guangdong Romanization: pao2
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰaːu̯³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: pau2
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰau⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: pau3
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰau²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phâu
- Hakka Romanization System: pauˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: pau1
- Sinological IPA: /pʰau̯²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: pau2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /pʰau⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bǎu
- Sinological IPA (key): /pau²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: pàu
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰau⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note: pâu - rare, literary.
- Dialectal data
Definitions
[edit]跑
- to run
- to run away; to flee
- (dialectal) to walk; to stroll; to go to
- to rush about; to make the rounds; to be busy
- to leak; to evaporate
- to go away; to be gone; to be lost
- (computing, colloquial) to run (a program)
- (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) well-liked; popular
- (Taiwanese Hokkien) to steal and run away
Synonyms
[edit]Dialectal synonyms of 跑 (“to run”) [map]
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 走, 離開, 離去 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 走, 離開 |
| Singapore | 走, 離開 | |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 走 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 走 |
| Xi'an | 走 | |
| Xining | 走 | |
| Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 走 |
| Ürümqi | 走 | |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 走 |
| Wuhan | 走 | |
| Guiyang | 走 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 走 |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 走, 扯 |
| Hong Kong | 走, 扯, 撇, 閃, 𨅝, 鬆, 撇s | |
| Penang (Guangfu) | 走 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 走, 扯 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 走 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 走 |
| Yudu | 走 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 走 |
| Southern Min | Taipei | 走 GT |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 走 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 行 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 走 | |
| Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 走, 行 |
| Wu | Shanghai | 跑, 走 |
| Danyang | 走 | |
| Hangzhou | 走 | |
| Jinhua | 走 | |
| Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) | |
Compounds
[edit]- 亂跑／乱跑 (luànpǎo)
- 偷跑 (tōupǎo)
- 助跑 (zhùpǎo)
- 嚇跑／吓跑 (xiàpǎo)
- 奔跑 (bēnpǎo)
- 帶球跑／带球跑 (dàiqiúpǎo)
- 慢跑 (mànpǎo)
- 戰備跑道／战备跑道
- 打帶跑／打带跑
- 拔腿就跑
- 拐跑
- 接力賽跑／接力赛跑
- 晨跑 (chénpǎo)
- 東奔西跑／东奔西跑 (dōngbēnxīpǎo)
- 東跑西顛／东跑西颠
- 東躲西跑／东躲西跑
- 白跑
- 百米賽跑／百米赛跑
- 短跑 (duǎnpǎo)
- 空跑
- 臂跑
- 賽跑／赛跑 (sàipǎo)
- 起跑 (qǐpǎo)
- 起跑線／起跑线 (qǐpǎoxiàn)
- 越野賽跑／越野赛跑
- 趕跑／赶跑 (gǎnpǎo)
- 跑不了
- 跑不掉
- 跑五方
- 跑兒／跑儿
- 跑兔子
- 跑反
- 跑合
- 跑單幫／跑单帮 (pǎodānbāng)
- 跑圓場／跑圆场
- 跑堂 (pǎotáng)
- 跑堂兒的／跑堂儿的
- 跑壘／跑垒
- 跑封人
- 跑新聞／跑新闻
- 跑旱船 (pǎohànchuán)
- 跑樓／跑楼
- 跑檯子／跑台子
- 跑步 (pǎobù)
- 跑江湖
- 跑海
- 跑片
- 跑狗場／跑狗场
- 跑碼頭／跑码头 (pǎomǎtou)
- 跑票
- 跑竹馬／跑竹马
- 跑肚 (pǎodù)
- 跑腿 (pǎotuǐ)
- 跑腿子 (pǎotuǐzi)
- 跑船 (pǎochuán)
- 跑表 (pǎobiǎo)
- 跑解馬／跑解马
- 跑警報／跑警报
- 跑起來／跑起来
- 跑跑跳跳
- 跑跑顛顛／跑跑颠颠
- 跑路 (pǎolù)
- 跑車／跑车 (pǎochē)
- 跑轍／跑辙
- 跑道 (pǎodào)
- 跑道兒／跑道儿
- 跑道容量
- 跑野馬／跑野马
- 跑電／跑电 (pǎodiàn)
- 跑鞋 (pǎoxié)
- 跑馬／跑马 (pǎomǎ)
- 跑馬場／跑马场 (pǎomǎchǎng)
- 跑馬燈／跑马灯 (pǎomǎdēng)
- 跑馬賣解／跑马卖解
- 跑馬走解／跑马走解
- 跑龍套／跑龙套 (pǎo lóngtào)
- 路跑
- 逃跑 (táopǎo)
- 連跑帶跳／连跑带跳
- 長跑／长跑 (chángpǎo)
- 障礙賽跑／障碍赛跑
- 飛跑／飞跑 (fēipǎo)
- 馬跑泉／马跑泉
- 龜兔賽跑／龟兔赛跑
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): pau1
- Jin (Wiktionary): pau1
- Eastern Min (BUC): pàu
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄠˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: páo
- Wade–Giles: pʻao2
- Yale: páu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: paur
- Palladius: пао (pao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: paau4
- Yale: pàauh
- Cantonese Pinyin: paau4
- Guangdong Romanization: pao4
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰaːu̯²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: pau3
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰau²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: pau1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /pʰau¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: pàu
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰau⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pâu
- Tâi-lô: pâu
- Phofsit Daibuun: paau
- IPA (Xiamen): /pau²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phâu
- Tâi-lô: phâu
- Phofsit Daibuun: phaau
- IPA (Xiamen): /pʰau²⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: pao2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pháu
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰau⁵²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Middle Chinese: baew
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*bruː/
Definitions
[edit]跑
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bó
- Wade–Giles: po2
- Yale: bwó
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bor
- Palladius: бо (bo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pu̯ɔ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: baewk
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*bruːɡ/
Definitions
[edit]跑
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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References
[edit]- “跑”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]跑
Readings
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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