al
Afrikaans • Asturian • Azerbaijani • Basque • Breton • Catalan • Crimean Tatar • Danish • Dutch • Emilian • Epigraphic Mayan • Esperanto • Gagauz • Galician • Haitian Creole • Hani • Hungarian • Icelandic • Ido • Ingrian • Interlingua • Istriot • Italian • K'iche' • Ladin • Luxembourgish • Mandinka • Mauritian Creole • Michoacán Nahuatl • Middle Dutch • Middle English • Mokilese • Northern Kurdish • Norwegian Nynorsk • Occitan • Oirata • Old Dutch • Old English • Old French • Old High German • Old Norse • Old Saxon • Old Swedish • Picard • Polabian • Portuguese • Romanian • Saterland Frisian • Silesian • South Efate • Spanish • Sumau • Sumerian • Swedish • Tatar • Turkish • Turkmen • Venetan • Veps • Volapük • Watubela • West Flemish • West Frisian • Yola
Page categories
Translingual
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Symbol
[edit]al
- (metrology) Symbol for attoliter (attolitre), an SI unit of fluid measure equal to 10−18 liters (litres).
English
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]al (usually uncountable, plural als)
- The Indian mulberry, Morinda citrifolia, especially as used to make dye.
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:al.
Translations
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Multiple parts of speech
[edit]al
- Archaic form of all.
- c. 1522 (date written), Thomas More, “A Treatyce (Vnfynyshed) vppon These Wordes of Holye Scrypture, Memorare Nouissima, & Ineternum non Peccabis, Remember the Last Thynges, and Thou shalt Neuer Synne. […]”, in Wyllyam Rastell [i.e., William Rastell], editor, The Workes of Sir Thomas More Knyght, […], London: […] Iohn Cawod, Iohn Waly, and Richarde Tottell, published 30 April 1557, →OCLC, book I, page 80, column 1:
- Now if ye felt your belly in ſuche caſe, that ye muſt be fayne al daye to tende it with warme clothes, oꝛ els ye were not able to abide the payne, would ye recken your belly ſicke oꝛ whole? I wene ye would recken your belly not in good quart.
References
[edit]- “al”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 4th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin, 2000, →ISBN.
- “al”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
- "al" in WordNet 2.0, Princeton University, 2003.
Anagrams
[edit]Afrikaans
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Dutch al, from Middle Dutch al, from Old Dutch al, from Proto-West Germanic *all.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]al
Adjective
[edit]al (attributive alle, not comparable)
Conjunction
[edit]al
Asturian
[edit]Contraction
[edit]al m sg
Azerbaijani
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *āl.
Adjective
[edit]al (comparative daha al, superlative ən al)
Etymology 2
[edit]Verb
[edit]al
Further reading
[edit]- “al” in Obastan.com.
Basque
[edit]Etymology
[edit]A grammaticalization of ahal.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Particle
[edit]al
- Used to form yes/no questions.
- Esan al diozu? ― Did you tell her?
Usage notes
[edit]It is placed before the verb.
References
[edit]- ^ “ahal” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk
Further reading
[edit]- “al”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
- “al”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005
Breton
[edit]Article
[edit]al
See also
[edit]Catalan
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Contraction
[edit]al m sg
Usage notes
[edit]When el contracts to l' before a vowel, al is not used:
- Ens veurem a l'aeroport. ― We'll meet at the airport.
Further reading
[edit]- “al” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Crimean Tatar
[edit]Adjective
[edit]al
Danish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Dutch al, from Old Dutch al, from Proto-West Germanic *all.
Pronunciation
[edit]Determiner
[edit]al
- all, all of
- Heb je al het bier opgedronken? ― Did you drink all the beer?
- Van Gogh produceerde al zijn werk gedurende een periode van slechts tien jaar. ― Van Gogh produced all of his work during a period of only ten years.
- Alle olie is uit de tanker gelekt. ― All the oil has leaked out of the tanker.
- Niet alle mensen zijn zo gemeen. ― Not all people are that mean.
Declension
[edit]Declension of al | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
uninflected | al | |||
inflected | alle | |||
comparative | — | |||
positive | ||||
predicative/adverbial | — | |||
indefinite | m./f. sing. | alle | ||
n. sing. | al | |||
plural | alle | |||
definite | alle | |||
partitive | — |
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Afrikaans: al
- Jersey Dutch: ā, āl, ālle (from the inflected form)
- Negerhollands: al, alda
- → Aukan: ala
- → Sranan Tongo: ala
Adverb
[edit]al
- already
- Het is al negen uur. ― It's 9 o'clock already.
- yet
- Heb je al een kip gekocht? ― Have you bought a chicken yet?
- (obsolete, today only in fixed phrases and compounds) emphatic modifier of adverbs
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Petjo: al
Conjunction
[edit]al
Anagrams
[edit]Emilian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]al (personal)
Alternative forms
[edit]- Becomes l- before a vowel.
- Becomes -el when acting as an enclitic (after a consonant).
- Becomes -l when acting as an enclitic (after a vowel).
Related terms
[edit]Number | Person | Gender | Disjunctive (tonic) |
Nominative (subject) |
Accusative (direct complement) |
Dative (indirect complement) |
Reflexive (-self) |
Comitative (with) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | — | mè | a | me | mêg | ||
Second | — | tè | et | te | têg | |||
Third | Masculine | ló | al | ge | se | sêg | ||
Feminine | lê | la | ||||||
Plural | First | Masculine | nuēter | a | se | nōsk | ||
Feminine | nuētri | |||||||
Second | Masculine | vuēter | a | ve | vōsk | |||
Feminine | vuētri | |||||||
Third | Masculine | lôr | i | ge | se | sêg | ||
Feminine | el | li |
Epigraphic Mayan
[edit]Verb
[edit]al
- to speak
Esperanto
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Likely from Italian al, Catalan al, and Spanish al.
Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]al
- to; toward
- to (indicates indirect object)
- Ŝi donis la libron al siaj gepatroj. ― She gave the book to her (own) parents.
Related terms
[edit]Gagauz
[edit]Adjective
[edit]al
Galician
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old Galician-Portuguese al, from Vulgar Latin *ale, from Latin aliud, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos.
Pronoun
[edit]al
Etymology 2
[edit]Contraction
[edit]al
- Contraction of a el (“to the (king)”)
Usage notes
[edit]Used exclusively preceding the word rei (“king”), when referring to the current King of the land.
References
[edit]- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “al”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “al”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
Haitian Creole
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Contraction of French ale, from French aller.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]al
Hani
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Interjection
[edit]al
- showing surpise, or admiration
- Al! Aqqoq aqda/aqma!
- Oh! What a great man/woman!
- Al, zaqqul al!
- Oh, how beautiful it is!
Particle
[edit]al
- indication completion of action
- zaq al ― finished eating
- used with negative sentence
- Maq beq sso al
- Never mind
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Uralic *ëla (“space, area under something, under(neath), the lower (part)”). (Spelled *ala in Uralonet.) Originally it was a noun; today it is used in compound words, see al-.[1] Cognate with Finnish ala, ala-, Erzya ало (alo).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]al
Declension
[edit]Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | al | alok |
accusative | alt | alokat |
dative | alnak | aloknak |
instrumental | allal | alokkal |
causal-final | alért | alokért |
translative | allá | alokká |
terminative | alig | alokig |
essive-formal | alként | alokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | alban | alokban |
superessive | alon | alokon |
adessive | alnál | aloknál |
illative | alba | alokba |
sublative | alra | alokra |
allative | alhoz | alokhoz |
elative | alból | alokból |
delative | alról | alokról |
ablative | altól | aloktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
alé | aloké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
aléi | alokéi |
Possessive forms of al | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | alom | aljaim |
2nd person sing. | alod | aljaid |
3rd person sing. | alja | aljai |
1st person plural | alunk | aljaink |
2nd person plural | alotok | aljaitok |
3rd person plural | aljuk | aljaik |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Entry #7 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
Further reading
[edit]- al in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- al in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
Icelandic
[edit]Noun
[edit]al
Ido
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]al
Usage notes
[edit]This is optional, you can also use a l'...
Ingrian
[edit]↗︎○ | allative | alle |
---|---|---|
○ | adessive | al |
○↘︎ | ablative | alt |
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *alla. Cognates include Finnish alla and Estonian all.
In the sense "near", semantic loan from Russian под (pod).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈɑlːɑ/, [ˈɑɫː]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈɑl/, [ˈɑɫ]
- (Hevaha) IPA(key): /ˈɑl/, [ˈɑɫ]
- Rhymes: -ɑlː, -ɑl
- Hyphenation: al
- Homophone: alle
Adverb
[edit]al
- (of location) under, underneath
- 1937, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (toin osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 53:
- Präkkää jää i paukkaa,
vesi ono al.- The ice crackles and bangs,
Water is under it.
- The ice crackles and bangs,
- 1937, V. A. Tetjurev, translated by N. I. Molotsova, Loonnontiito (ensimäin osa): oppikirja alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 7:
- Kons șommela vesi seisohtaijaa, ni klaziputelin pohjaa jääpi kaks sloijaa: al — liiva, a sen pääl — savi.
- When the cloudy water settles down, two layers will remain on the bottom of the glass bottle: beneath - sand, and above it - clay.
Postposition
[edit]al (+ genitive)
- (of location) under, underneath
- 1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka[2], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 135:
- Aitan al ellää kärppä.
- Under the storehouse lives a stoat.
- 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 11:
- Jään al hänel ei oo kylmä.
- Under the ice they aren't cold.
- (of location) near, around
- 1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 77:
- Talvi Moskovan al on pitkä, melkeen 5 kuuta.
- Winter around Moscow is long, almost 5 months.
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “under”): pääl (“on top; above”)
References
[edit]- V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka[3], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 135
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 10
- Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 18
- Olga I. Konkova, Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку[4], →ISBN, page 33
Interlingua
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Preposition
[edit]al
Istriot
[edit]Contraction
[edit]al
- Contraction of a el (“at the”).
- 1877, Antonio Ive, Canti popolari istriani: raccolti a Rovigno, volume 5, Ermanno Loescher, page 40:
- Che mai pioûn biela duon i’iê veisto al mondo,
- That I haven’t ever seen a more beautiful woman in the world,
Italian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- all' (before a vowel)
- allo (before a cluster of two consonants other than cl, cr, pl, pr, fl, fr, tr)
Pronunciation
[edit]Contraction
[edit]al
Preposition
[edit]- (cooking, in the singular) with (an ingredient)
- Synonym: con
- risotto al pecorino ― rice with pecorino cheese
- risotto allo zafferano ― rice with saffron
- pasta all'aglio ― pasta with garlic
Anagrams
[edit]K'iche'
[edit]Adjective
[edit]al
Ladin
[edit]Contraction
[edit]al m sg
Luxembourgish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old High German ald, northern variant of alt, from Proto-Germanic *aldaz. Cognate with German alt, English old, Dutch oud, West Frisian âld.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]al (masculine alen, neuter aalt, comparative méi al or eeler, superlative am eelsten)
- old, aged
- Antonym: jonk
- Vun ale Mënsche kann ee villes léieren. ― There’s a lot to learn from old people.
- (of food) stale
- Antonym: frësch
- Dat aalt Brout kënne mer de Vulle ginn. ― We can give the stale bread to the birds.
Declension
[edit]number and gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | all genders | ||
predicative | hien ass al | si ass al | et ass al | si si(nn) al | |
nominative / accusative |
attributive and/or after determiner | alen | al | aalt | al |
independent without determiner | ales | aler | |||
dative | after any declined word | alen | aler | alen | alen |
as first declined word | alem | alem |
Mandinka
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]al
- you (personal pronoun)
See also
[edit]Mauritian Creole
[edit]Verb
[edit]al
Michoacán Nahuatl
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Nahuan *aatl, from Proto-Uto-Aztecan *pa.
Noun
[edit]al
Middle Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Dutch al, from Proto-Germanic *allaz.
Pronunciation
[edit]Determiner
[edit]al
- all, all of
Adverb
[edit]al
Conjunction
[edit]al
- even though, no matter whether
Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “al (II)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- “al (III)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- “al (V)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “al (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “al (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “al (IV)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page IV
Middle English
[edit]Adverb
[edit]al
- Alternative form of all
- 14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. General Prologue:
- And smale foweles maken melodye,
That slepen al the nyght with open eye-
(So priketh hem Nature in hir corages);- And many little birds make melody
That sleep through all the night with open eye
(So Nature pricks them on to ramp and rage)
- And many little birds make melody
- 14th c. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales. General Prologue:
Determiner
[edit]al
- Alternative form of all
- 1407, The Testimony of William Thorpe, pages 40–41:
- And therwith he was named, as I gesse worthili, a passing reuli man and an innocent in al his lyuynge.
- And with this he was named, as I believe worthily, an excellent ruly and innocent man in all his living.
Mokilese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Oceanic *jalan (“path, road”), from Proto-Austronesian *zalan (“path, way”)
Noun
[edit]al (third person singularly possessed aloa, construct alen)
Verb
[edit]al
- (intransitive) to line, draw lines
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Harrison, Sheldon P., Mokilese-English Dictionary, University of Hawaii Press 1977
External links
[edit]Northern Kurdish
[edit]Central Kurdish | لا (la) |
---|---|
Southern Kurdish | لا (la) |
Alternative forms
[edit]- alî m
Etymology
[edit]Doublet of yar, see alî for more.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]al f (Arabic spelling ئال)
- (archaic, dialectal) side
Declension
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From ala (“to foster, breed”).
Noun
[edit]al n (definite singular alet, indefinite plural al, definite plural ala)
- nourishing, fostering
- a young (farm) animal that one has bred
- breeding
Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
[edit]al
- imperative of ala
References
[edit]- “al” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Occitan
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Contraction
[edit]al m sg
Oirata
[edit]Noun
[edit]al
Old Dutch
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *all. Cognates include Old High German al and Old Saxon al.
Adjective
[edit]al
- all, every
- 11th century, Hebban olla vogala:
- Hebban olla vogala nestas hagunnan
- All birds have started to build their nests
- whole, entire
- 10th century, Wachtendonck Psalms:
- An allero erthon fuor luit.
- Over the entire world the sound spread.
Inflection
[edit]strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
case | masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | ||
nominative | al | al | al | alla, alle | ||
accusative | allan, allen | alla | al | alla, alle | ||
genitive | alles | allero | alles | allero | ||
dative | allin, allemo | allero | allin, allemo | allon | ||
weak declension | ||||||
case | masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | ||
nominative | allo | alla | alla | allon | ||
accusative | allon | allon | alla | allon | ||
genitive | allin | allon | allin | allono | ||
dative | allin | allon | allin | allon |
Adverb
[edit]al
- completely, wholly
- ca. 1100, Leiden Willeram:
- Sin buch is elphondbeinin, al underskeithet mit saphiris.
- His stomach is of ivory, wholly decorated with sapphires.
Conjunction
[edit]al
- even though
- ca. 1200, Rhinelandic Rhyming Bible:
- Ire beider sculde waren grozlich, al newæren sie nieht gelich.
- Both their debts were great, even though they weren't equal.
Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “al (II)”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
- “al (III)”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
- “al (IV)”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *ail, from Proto-Germanic *ailą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éydʰ-lom, from *h₂eydʰ- (“to burn, kindle”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]āl n
Declension
[edit]Strong a-stem:
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | āl | āl |
accusative | āl | āl |
genitive | āles | āla |
dative | āle | ālum |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]Old French
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Contraction
[edit]al
Old High German
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *all, from Proto-Germanic *allaz.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]al
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *āl, whence also Old English ǣl, Old Norse áll.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]āl m
Declension
[edit]case | singular | plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | āl | āla |
accusative | āl | āla |
genitive | āles | ālo |
dative | āle | ālum |
instrumental | ālu | — |
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- Joseph Wright, An Old High German Primer
Old Norse
[edit]Noun
[edit]al
Verb
[edit]al
Old Saxon
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-West Germanic *all, from Proto-Germanic *allaz.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]al
Declension
[edit]Strong declension | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | al | alle | al | allu | al | alle |
accusative | allana | alle | al | allu | alla | alle |
genitive | alles | allarō | alles | allarō | allaro | allarō |
dative | allumu | allum | allumu | allum | allaro | allum |
Weak declension | ||||||
gender | masculine | neuter | feminine | |||
case | singular | plural | singular | plural | singular | plural |
nominative | allo | allu | alla | allu | alla | allu |
accusative | allun | allun | alla | allun | allun | allun |
genitive | allun | allonō | allun | allonō | allun | allonō |
dative | allun | allum | allun | allum | allun | allum |
Descendants
[edit]Adverb
[edit]al
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *ēlaz. Cognate with Old English ǣl, Dutch aal, Old High German āl (German Aal), Old Norse áll (Danish and Swedish ål).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]āl m
Declension
[edit]singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | āl | ālos |
accusative | āl | ālos |
genitive | āles | ālō |
dative | āle | ālum |
instrumental | — | — |
Old Swedish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse áll, from Proto-Germanic *ēlaz.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]āl m
Declension
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Swedish: ål
Picard
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Old French.
Pronoun
[edit]al
Etymology 2
[edit]From Old French, from Latin allium.
Noun
[edit]al
Polabian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Middle Low German al.
Adverb
[edit]al
- already
- 1725, Johann Parum Schultze, Die Wendländische Bauernchronik
- jong al no zartjü
- Ją al no carťėv
- He is already at the cemetery.
- 1725, Johann Parum Schultze, Die Wendländische Bauernchronik
References
[edit]- The template Template:R:pox:SejDp does not use the parameter(s):
3=1
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.Lehr-Spławiński, T., Polański, K. (1962) “al”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka Drzewian połabskich [Etymological Dictionary of the Polabian Drevani Language] (in Polish), number 1 (A – ďüzd), Wrocław, Warszawa etc.: Ossolineum, page 17 - Polański, Kazimierz, James Allen Sehnert (1967) “al”, in Polabian-English Dictionary, The Hague, Paris: Mouton & Co, page 34
- Olesch, Reinhold (1962) “al”, in Thesaurus Linguae Dravaenopolabicae [Thesaurus of the Drevani language] (in German), volumes 1: A – O, Cologne, Vienna: Böhlau Verlag, →ISBN, page 3
Portuguese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Galician-Portuguese al, from Vulgar Latin *ale, from Latin aliud, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos.
Pronunciation
[edit]
- Hyphenation: al
Pronoun
[edit]al
Related terms
[edit]Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Latin illum, from ille.
Pronunciation
[edit]Article
[edit]al m or n sg (feminine singular a, masculine plural ai, feminine/neuter plural ale)
- of (masculine/neuter singular possessive or genitive article)
See also
[edit]Saterland Frisian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Frisian all, from Proto-West Germanic *all. Cognates include West Frisian al and Dutch al.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adverb
[edit]al
References
[edit]- Marron C. Fort (2015) “al”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN
Silesian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]al m animal
Further reading
[edit]- Barbara Podgórska, Adam Podgóski (2008) “al”, in Słownik gwar śląskich [A dictionary of Silesian lects], Katowice: Wydawnictwo KOS, →ISBN, page 25
South Efate
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]al
Spanish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Contraction
[edit]al
See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “al”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10
- “al” in Diccionario panhispánico de dudas, segunda edición, Real Academia Española, 2023. →ISBN
Anagrams
[edit]Sumau
[edit]Noun
[edit]al
- a tree species of the family Combretaceae, Terminalia impediens
Further reading
[edit]- Coode, M. J. E. (1969) “Four new species of Terminalia L. (Combretaceae) from Melanesia”, in Kew Bulletin, volume 23, number 2, , page 308
Sumerian
[edit]Romanization
[edit]al
- Romanization of 𒀠 (al)
Swedish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Swedish al, from Old Norse ǫlr (compare Icelandic elri, Danish el, Norwegian older), from Proto-Germanic *aluz, *alusō (compare English alder), variant of *alizō, *alisō (compare Dutch els, German Erle), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élisos.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]al c
- alder (tree)
Declension
[edit]nominative | genitive | ||
---|---|---|---|
singular | indefinite | al | als |
definite | alen | alens | |
plural | indefinite | alar | alars |
definite | alarna | alarnas |
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- al in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker
- al in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
Anagrams
[edit]Tatar
[edit]Adjective
[edit]al
- Latin spelling of ал (al)
Turkish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Ottoman Turkish آل (al), from Proto-Turkic *āl (“red, crimson”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰞 (āl) and akin to Proto-Tungusic *pula (“red”) and Proto-Mongolic *hulaxan (“red”)
Adjective
[edit]al
- blood red (specifically the red on the flag of Turkey)
- (dated) dark red
- (by extension) red (in general)
See also
[edit]Noun
[edit]al (definite accusative alı, plural allar)
- blood red (specifically the red on the flag of Turkey)
- (dated) dark red
- (by extension) red (in general)
Declension
[edit]Inflection | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | al | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | alı | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | al | allar | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | alı | alları | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | ala | allara | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | alda | allarda | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | aldan | allardan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | alın | alların | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
See also
[edit]beyaz, ak | gri, boz | siyah, kara |
kırmızı, kızıl; al | turuncu; kahverengi, konur, boz | sarı; bej |
limon çürüğü | yeşil | nane yeşili |
camgöbeği; turkuaz | gök, mavi | lacivert |
eflatun; mor | pembe; mor | yavruağzı |
References
[edit]- Tokat, Feyza (2014) “On the Common Words in Mongolian and the Turkish Dialects in Turkey”, in The Journal of International Social Research (Uluslararası Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi)[5], volume 7, number 32, →ISSN, pages 185-198.
Etymology 2
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *āl (“trick, deceit; to deceive”).
Noun
[edit]al
Related terms
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
[edit]al
Turkmen
[edit]Adjective
[edit]al (comparative ?, superlative iň al)
Venetan
[edit]Preposition
[edit]al
Article
[edit]al m sg
Veps
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *alla; related to Finnish alla.
Postposition
[edit]al
- under, underneath (stationary location)
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Zajceva, N. G., Mullonen, M. I. (2007) “под”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary][6], Petrozavodsk: Periodika
Volapük
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from German all and English all.
Adjective
[edit]al
Watubela
[edit]Noun
[edit]al
References
[edit]- Papers from the Fourth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics: FOCAL II (1986)
- Blust, Austronesian Comparative Dictionary
West Flemish
[edit]Adverb
[edit]al
West Frisian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Frisian all, from Proto-West Germanic *all. Cognate with English all.
Determiner
[edit]al
Inflection
[edit]This determiner needs an inflection-table template.
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “al”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
Adverb
[edit]al
Further reading
[edit]- “al”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
Yola
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]al
- Alternative form of aul
- 1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, line 18:
- An smithered hays videl, bow, strings an al;
- And smashed his fiddle, bow, strings and all;
References
[edit]- Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page 133
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- mul:Metrology
- Symbols for SI units
- English terms derived from Hindi
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/æl
- Rhymes:English/æl/1 syllable
- Rhymes:English/ɑːl
- Rhymes:English/ɑːl/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- English archaic forms
- English terms with quotations
- en:Madder family plants
- en:Polynesian canoe plants
- Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Afrikaans terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Afrikaans terms inherited from Dutch
- Afrikaans terms derived from Dutch
- Afrikaans terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Afrikaans terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Afrikaans terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Afrikaans terms derived from Old Dutch
- Afrikaans terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Afrikaans terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Afrikaans terms with IPA pronunciation
- Afrikaans terms with audio pronunciation
- Afrikaans lemmas
- Afrikaans adverbs
- Afrikaans adjectives
- Afrikaans conjunctions
- Asturian non-lemma forms
- Asturian contractions
- Azerbaijani terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Azerbaijani terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Azerbaijani lemmas
- Azerbaijani adjectives
- Azerbaijani non-lemma forms
- Azerbaijani verb forms
- Basque terms with IPA pronunciation
- Basque terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Basque/al
- Rhymes:Basque/al/1 syllable
- Basque lemmas
- Basque particles
- Basque terms with usage examples
- Breton lemmas
- Breton articles
- Catalan 1-syllable words
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan terms with homophones
- Catalan non-lemma forms
- Catalan contractions
- Catalan terms with usage examples
- Crimean Tatar lemmas
- Crimean Tatar adjectives
- Danish terms derived from Old Norse
- Danish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Danish lemmas
- Danish pronouns
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɑl
- Rhymes:Dutch/ɑl/1 syllable
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch determiners
- Dutch terms with usage examples
- Dutch adverbs
- Dutch terms with obsolete senses
- Dutch conjunctions
- Dutch indefinite determiners
- Emilian terms inherited from Latin
- Emilian terms derived from Latin
- Emilian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Emilian lemmas
- Emilian pronouns
- Epigraphic Mayan lemmas
- Epigraphic Mayan verbs
- Esperanto terms derived from Italian
- Esperanto terms derived from Catalan
- Esperanto terms derived from Spanish
- Esperanto terms with IPA pronunciation
- Esperanto terms with audio pronunciation
- Esperanto lemmas
- Esperanto prepositions
- Esperanto terms with usage examples
- Esperanto BRO1
- Gagauz lemmas
- Gagauz adjectives
- Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Galician terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Galician lemmas
- Galician pronouns
- Galician terms with obsolete senses
- Galician terms borrowed from Leonese
- Galician terms derived from Leonese
- Galician non-lemma forms
- Galician contractions
- Haitian Creole terms derived from French
- Haitian Creole terms with IPA pronunciation
- Haitian Creole lemmas
- Haitian Creole verbs
- Hani terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hani lemmas
- Hani interjections
- Hani terms with usage examples
- Hani particles
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian terms with audio pronunciation
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian nouns
- Hungarian terms with archaic senses
- Hungarian terms with rare senses
- Hungarian two-letter words
- Icelandic non-lemma forms
- Icelandic noun forms
- Ido terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ido lemmas
- Ido prepositions
- Ido contractions
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian semantic loans from Russian
- Ingrian terms derived from Russian
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑlː
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑlː/1 syllable
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑl
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ɑl/1 syllable
- Ingrian terms with homophones
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian adverbs
- Ingrian terms with quotations
- Ingrian postpositions
- Interlingua terms with IPA pronunciation
- Interlingua lemmas
- Interlingua prepositions
- Interlingua contractions
- Istriot non-lemma forms
- Istriot contractions
- Istriot terms with quotations
- Italian 1-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/al
- Rhymes:Italian/al/1 syllable
- Italian non-lemma forms
- Italian contractions
- Italian lemmas
- Italian prepositions
- it:Cooking
- Italian terms with usage examples
- K'iche' lemmas
- K'iche' adjectives
- Ladin non-lemma forms
- Ladin contractions
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Old High German
- Luxembourgish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Luxembourgish 1-syllable words
- Luxembourgish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Luxembourgish/aːl
- Rhymes:Luxembourgish/aːl/1 syllable
- Luxembourgish terms with audio pronunciation
- Luxembourgish lemmas
- Luxembourgish adjectives
- Luxembourgish terms with usage examples
- Mandinka lemmas
- Mandinka pronouns
- Mauritian Creole non-lemma forms
- Mauritian Creole verb forms
- Michoacán Nahuatl terms inherited from Proto-Nahuan
- Michoacán Nahuatl terms derived from Proto-Nahuan
- Michoacán Nahuatl terms inherited from Proto-Uto-Aztecan
- Michoacán Nahuatl terms derived from Proto-Uto-Aztecan
- Michoacán Nahuatl lemmas
- Michoacán Nahuatl nouns
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch
- Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Middle Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Dutch lemmas
- Middle Dutch determiners
- Middle Dutch adverbs
- Middle Dutch conjunctions
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English adverbs
- Middle English terms with quotations
- Middle English determiners
- Mokilese terms inherited from Proto-Oceanic
- Mokilese terms derived from Proto-Oceanic
- Mokilese terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Mokilese terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Mokilese lemmas
- Mokilese nouns
- Mokilese verbs
- Mokilese intransitive verbs
- Mokilese long objects class nouns
- mkj:Roads
- Northern Kurdish 1-syllable words
- Northern Kurdish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Northern Kurdish/al
- Northern Kurdish lemmas
- Northern Kurdish nouns
- Northern Kurdish feminine nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂el- (grow)
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk neuter nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk verb forms
- Occitan terms with audio pronunciation
- Occitan non-lemma forms
- Occitan contractions
- Oirata lemmas
- Oirata nouns
- Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Dutch lemmas
- Old Dutch adjectives
- Old Dutch terms with quotations
- Old Dutch a-stem adjectives
- Old Dutch adverbs
- Old Dutch conjunctions
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eydʰ-
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old English lemmas
- Old English nouns
- Old English neuter nouns
- Old English neuter a-stem nouns
- ang:Fire
- Old French non-lemma forms
- Old French contractions
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old High German terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old High German lemmas
- Old High German adjectives
- Old High German nouns
- Old High German masculine nouns
- Old High German a-stem nouns
- goh:Fish
- Old Norse non-lemma forms
- Old Norse noun forms
- Old Norse verb forms
- Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Saxon terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Saxon lemmas
- Old Saxon adjectives
- Old Saxon adverbs
- Old Saxon nouns
- Old Saxon masculine nouns
- Old Saxon a-stem nouns
- osx:Fish
- Old Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Old Swedish terms derived from Old Norse
- Old Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Swedish lemmas
- Old Swedish nouns
- Old Swedish masculine nouns
- Old Swedish a-stem nouns
- Picard terms inherited from Old French
- Picard terms derived from Old French
- Picard lemmas
- Picard pronouns
- Picard terms inherited from Latin
- Picard terms derived from Latin
- Picard nouns
- Polabian terms borrowed from Middle Low German
- Polabian terms derived from Middle Low German
- Polabian lemmas
- Polabian adverbs
- Polabian terms with quotations
- Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese
- Portuguese terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Portuguese 1-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese pronouns
- Portuguese terms with obsolete senses
- Romanian terms inherited from Latin
- Romanian terms derived from Latin
- Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian articles
- Romanian terms with usage examples
- Saterland Frisian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Saterland Frisian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Saterland Frisian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Saterland Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian
- Saterland Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian
- Saterland Frisian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- Saterland Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Saterland Frisian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Saterland Frisian/al
- Rhymes:Saterland Frisian/al/1 syllable
- Saterland Frisian lemmas
- Saterland Frisian adverbs
- Saterland Frisian indefinite adverbs
- Silesian terms derived from Middle High German
- Silesian terms derived from Old High German
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- Silesian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Silesian terms borrowed from German
- Silesian terms derived from German
- Silesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Silesian/al
- Rhymes:Silesian/al/1 syllable
- Silesian lemmas
- Silesian nouns
- Silesian masculine nouns
- Silesian animal nouns
- szl:Eels
- South Efate terms with IPA pronunciation
- South Efate lemmas
- South Efate nouns
- Spanish 1-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Spanish terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/al
- Rhymes:Spanish/al/1 syllable
- Spanish non-lemma forms
- Spanish contractions
- Sumau lemmas
- Sumau nouns
- Sumerian non-lemma forms
- Sumerian romanizations
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Swedish
- Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish
- Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse
- Swedish terms derived from Old Norse
- Swedish terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Swedish terms with audio pronunciation
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns
- sv:Trees
- Tatar lemmas
- Tatar adjectives
- Tatar terms in Latin script
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Turkish terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish adjectives
- Turkish dated terms
- Turkish nouns
- Turkish non-lemma forms
- Turkish verb forms
- Turkmen lemmas
- Turkmen adjectives
- Venetan lemmas
- Venetan prepositions
- Venetan articles
- Northern Venetan
- Veps terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Veps terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Veps lemmas
- Veps postpositions
- Volapük terms borrowed from German
- Volapük terms derived from German
- Volapük terms borrowed from English
- Volapük terms derived from English
- Volapük lemmas
- Volapük adjectives
- Watubela lemmas
- Watubela nouns
- West Flemish lemmas
- West Flemish adverbs
- West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian
- West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian
- West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- West Frisian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- West Frisian lemmas
- West Frisian determiners
- West Frisian adverbs
- Yola lemmas
- Yola pronouns
- Yola terms with quotations