tha

See also: THA, -tha, þa, þá, thá, and thả

Translingual

Symbol

tha

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Thai.

See also

• Wiktionary's coverage of Thai terms

English

Etymology 1

In parts of Yorkshire and Lancashire where [aʊ] became [aː] and then shortened in an unstressed thou.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ða/, lengthened to /ðaː/ only when stressed.
• Rhymes: -ɑː

Pronoun

tha

1. (Northern England, dialectal) Pronunciation spelling of thou.

Etymology 2

Article

tha

1. (US, African-American Vernacular) Eye dialect spelling of the.

   Synonym: da

Anagrams

• ATH, HAT, aht, hat

Anguthimri

Verb

tha

1. (Mpakwithi) tie

References

• Claire Bowern, Harold James Koch, Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method (2004), page 415

Caolan

Etymology

From Proto-Tai *p.taːᴬ.

Noun

tha

1. eye

Fingallian

Etymology

From Middle English þe, from Old English þē m (“the, that”, demonstrative pronoun).

Article

tha

1. the

Mbariman-Gudhinma

Verb

tha

1. tie

References

• Claire Bowern, Harold James Koch, Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method (2004), page 415

Old Dutch

Adverb

thā

1. then

References

1. Dr. Tack P, Proeve van Oudnederfrankische Grammatica, 84.

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Middle Irish at·tá, from Old Irish at·tá. Cognate with Irish tá and Manx ta.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ha/, lengthened to /haː/ when emphatic.
• Hyphenation: tha

Verb

tha

1. independent present of bi: am, is, are

   Tha mi pòsda. ― I'm married.

   Tha mi à Colbhasa. ― I am from Colonsay.

   Tha mi a' smaoineachadh gu bheil. ― I am thinking so.

   Tha thu fadalach. ― You are late.

   Tha an duine anns an taigh. ― The man is in the house.

   Tha duine anns an taigh. ― There is a man in the house.

   Tha daoine anns an taigh. ― There are men in the house.

Usage notes

• Tha is used as an affirmative answer to questions formed with bheil or eil:

  A bheil thu toilichte? —Tha. ― Are you happy? —Yes.

• When linking the subject of a sentence with a complement consisting of a noun phrase ("somebody is somebody", "somebody is something", "something is something"), the verb is is used:

  Tha mise anns an t-seòmar. ― I am in the room.

  Is mise Dòmhnall. ― I am Donald.

References

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “tha”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• Colin Mark (2003) “bi”, in The Gaelic-English dictionary, London: Routledge, →ISBN, page 75
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “attá”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

South Slavey

Etymology

Cognates include Dogrib wha.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [θà(ʔ)]
• Hyphenation: tha

Noun

tha (stem -dha-)

1. tentpole

Inflection

Possessive inflection of tha (-dhaá)

		singular	plural
1st person		sedhaá	naxedhaá
2nd person		nedhaá
3rd person	1)	—	gidhaá
	2)	medhaá	godhaá
4th person		yedhaá
reflexive	sp.	ɂededhaá	kededhaá
	unsp.	dedhaá
reciprocal		—	ɂełedhaá
indefinite		ɂedhaá
areal		godhaá
1) Used when the subject is a group of human beings and the object is singular. 2) Used when the previous condition does not apply.

References

• Keren Rice (1989) A Grammar of Slave, Berlin, West Germany: Mouton de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 38

Tày

Etymology

From Proto-Tai *p.taːᴬ.

Pronunciation

• (Thạch An – Tràng Định) IPA^(key): [tʰaː˧˧]
• (Trùng Khánh) IPA^(key): [tʰaː˦˥]

Noun

tha (𥃸, 𥅂)

1. eye

References

• Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎^[2] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội
• Hoàng Văn Ma, Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Chí (2006) Từ điển Tày-Nùng-Việt [Tay-Nung-Vietnamese dictionary] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Từ điển Bách khoa Hà Nội
• Lương Bèn (2011) Từ điển Tày-Việt [Tay-Vietnamese dictionary]‎^[3][4] (in Vietnamese), Thái Nguyên: Nhà Xuất bản Đại học Thái Nguyên

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [tʰaː˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [tʰaː˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [tʰaː˧˧]

Etymology 1

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 赦 (SV: xá). See also thả.

Verb

tha • (他, 赦)

1. to forgive

   trời không dung, đất không tha ― the act in question is abhorrently egregious / the person in question has committed an unforgivable act (literally, “the sky doesn't tolerate, the earth doesn't forgive”)

2. to let go out of police custody or detention

Derived terms

Derived terms

• buông tha
• dung tha
• tha thứ

 

Etymology 2

Sino-Vietnamese word from 拖.

Verb

tha • (拕, 拖, 搓, 牠)

1. (of animals) to carry with the mouth

   Cọp tha mồi.

   The tiger drags its prey.

2. (of people) to drag a nuisance around or to bring it to where it is not wanted

   Sao cứ tha ba cái đồ nhôm nhựa về nhà nhỉ !?

   Why the hell do you keep bringing scrap back home!?

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /θa/

Preposition

tha

1. Alternative form of fatha (“like”)

Adverb

tha

1. Alternative form of fatha (“kind of”)

Yola

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ðiː/ (as if spelled thaí)

Article

tha

1. Alternative form of a (“the”)
   • 1927, “YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 132, line 3:

     Thaay paaced awi up to tha Cross o Shad

     They paced away up to the Cross of the Shad,

References

• Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page 132

Zulu

Alternative forms

• -etha

Etymology 1

From Proto-Bantu *-jɪ́ta (“to call”).

Verb

-thá

1. (transitive) to name, to nickname
2. (transitive) to choose, to pick, to select

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitive	ukutha
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukutha	ukungathi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	yitha	-the
Plural	yithani	-theni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyatha, ngitha	engithayo, engitha	ngitha	angithi	engingathi	ngingathi
2nd singular	uyatha, utha	othayo, otha	utha	awuthi	ongathi	ungathi
1st plural	siyatha, sitha	esithayo, esitha	sitha	asithi	esingathi	singathi
2nd plural	niyatha, nitha	enithayo, enitha	nitha	anithi	eningathi	ningathi
Class 1	uyatha, utha	othayo, otha	etha	akathi	ongathi	engathi
Class 2	bayatha, batha	abathayo, abatha	betha	abathi	abangathi	bengathi
Class 3	uyatha, utha	othayo, otha	utha	awuthi	ongathi	ungathi
Class 4	iyatha, itha	ethayo, etha	itha	ayithi	engathi	ingathi
Class 5	liyatha, litha	elithayo, elitha	litha	alithi	elingathi	lingathi
Class 6	ayatha, atha	athayo, atha	etha	awathi	angathi	engathi
Class 7	siyatha, sitha	esithayo, esitha	sitha	asithi	esingathi	singathi
Class 8	ziyatha, zitha	ezithayo, ezitha	zitha	azithi	ezingathi	zingathi
Class 9	iyatha, itha	ethayo, etha	itha	ayithi	engathi	ingathi
Class 10	ziyatha, zitha	ezithayo, ezitha	zitha	azithi	ezingathi	zingathi
Class 11	luyatha, lutha	oluthayo, olutha	lutha	aluthi	olungathi	lungathi
Class 14	buyatha, butha	obuthayo, obutha	butha	abuthi	obungathi	bungathi
Class 15	kuyatha, kutha	okuthayo, okutha	kutha	akuthi	okungathi	kungathi
Class 17	kuyatha, kutha	okuthayo, okutha	kutha	akuthi	okungathi	kungathi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngithile, ngithē	engithile, engithē	ngithile, ngithē	angithanga	engingathanga	ngingathanga
2nd singular	uthile, uthē	othile, othē	uthile, uthē	awuthanga	ongathanga	ungathanga
1st plural	sithile, sithē	esithile, esithē	sithile, sithē	asithanga	esingathanga	singathanga
2nd plural	nithile, nithē	enithile, enithē	nithile, nithē	anithanga	eningathanga	ningathanga
Class 1	uthile, uthē	othile, othē	ethile, ethē	akathanga	ongathanga	engathanga
Class 2	bathile, bathē	abathile, abathē	bethile, bethē	abathanga	abangathanga	bengathanga
Class 3	uthile, uthē	othile, othē	uthile, uthē	awuthanga	ongathanga	ungathanga
Class 4	ithile, ithē	ethile, ethē	ithile, ithē	ayithanga	engathanga	ingathanga
Class 5	lithile, lithē	elithile, elithē	lithile, lithē	alithanga	elingathanga	lingathanga
Class 6	athile, athē	athile, athē	ethile, ethē	awathanga	angathanga	engathanga
Class 7	sithile, sithē	esithile, esithē	sithile, sithē	asithanga	esingathanga	singathanga
Class 8	zithile, zithē	ezithile, ezithē	zithile, zithē	azithanga	ezingathanga	zingathanga
Class 9	ithile, ithē	ethile, ethē	ithile, ithē	ayithanga	engathanga	ingathanga
Class 10	zithile, zithē	ezithile, ezithē	zithile, zithē	azithanga	ezingathanga	zingathanga
Class 11	luthile, luthē	oluthile, oluthē	luthile, luthē	aluthanga	olungathanga	lungathanga
Class 14	buthile, buthē	obuthile, obuthē	buthile, buthē	abuthanga	obungathanga	bungathanga
Class 15	kuthile, kuthē	okuthile, okuthē	kuthile, kuthē	akuthanga	okungathanga	kungathanga
Class 17	kuthile, kuthē	okuthile, okuthē	kuthile, kuthē	akuthanga	okungathanga	kungathanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngātha	engātha	ngātha	angithanga	engingathanga	ngingathanga
2nd singular	wātha	owātha	wātha	awuthanga	ongathanga	ungathanga
1st plural	sātha	esātha	sātha	asithanga	esingathanga	singathanga
2nd plural	nātha	enātha	nātha	anithanga	eningathanga	ningathanga
Class 1	wātha	owātha	ātha	akathanga	ongathanga	engathanga
Class 2	bātha	abātha	bātha	abathanga	abangathanga	bengathanga
Class 3	wātha	owātha	wātha	awuthanga	ongathanga	ungathanga
Class 4	yātha	eyātha	yātha	ayithanga	engathanga	ingathanga
Class 5	lātha	elātha	lātha	alithanga	elingathanga	lingathanga
Class 6	ātha	ātha	ātha	awathanga	angathanga	engathanga
Class 7	sātha	esātha	sātha	asithanga	esingathanga	singathanga
Class 8	zātha	ezātha	zātha	azithanga	ezingathanga	zingathanga
Class 9	yātha	eyātha	yātha	ayithanga	engathanga	ingathanga
Class 10	zātha	ezātha	zātha	azithanga	ezingathanga	zingathanga
Class 11	lwātha	olwātha	lwātha	aluthanga	olungathanga	lungathanga
Class 14	bātha	obātha	bātha	abuthanga	obungathanga	bungathanga
Class 15	kwātha	okwātha	kwātha	akuthanga	okungathanga	kungathanga
Class 17	kwātha	okwātha	kwātha	akuthanga	okungathanga	kungathanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingatha	—	ngingatha	ngingethe	—	ngingethe
2nd singular	ungatha	—	ungatha	ungethe	—	ungethe
1st plural	singatha	—	singatha	singethe	—	singethe
2nd plural	ningatha	—	ningatha	ningethe	—	ningethe
Class 1	angatha	—	engatha	angethe	—	engethe
Class 2	bangatha	—	bengatha	bangethe	—	bengethe
Class 3	ungatha	—	ungatha	ungethe	—	ungethe
Class 4	ingatha	—	ingatha	ingethe	—	ingethe
Class 5	lingatha	—	lingatha	lingethe	—	lingethe
Class 6	angatha	—	engatha	angethe	—	engethe
Class 7	singatha	—	singatha	singethe	—	singethe
Class 8	zingatha	—	zingatha	zingethe	—	zingethe
Class 9	ingatha	—	ingatha	ingethe	—	ingethe
Class 10	zingatha	—	zingatha	zingethe	—	zingethe
Class 11	lungatha	—	lungatha	lungethe	—	lungethe
Class 14	bungatha	—	bungatha	bungethe	—	bungethe
Class 15	kungatha	—	kungatha	kungethe	—	kungethe
Class 17	kungatha	—	kungatha	kungethe	—	kungethe
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizokutha	engizokutha	ngizokutha	angizukutha	engingezukutha	ngingezukutha
2nd singular	uzokutha	ozokutha	uzokutha	awuzukutha	ongezukutha	ungezukutha
1st plural	sizokutha	esizokutha	sizokutha	asizukutha	esingezukutha	singezukutha
2nd plural	nizokutha	enizokutha	nizokutha	anizukutha	eningezukutha	ningezukutha
Class 1	uzokutha	ozokutha	ezokutha	akazukutha	ongezukutha	engezukutha
Class 2	bazokutha	abazokutha	bezokutha	abazukutha	abangezukutha	bengezukutha
Class 3	uzokutha	ozokutha	uzokutha	awuzukutha	ongezukutha	ungezukutha
Class 4	izokutha	ezokutha	izokutha	ayizukutha	engezukutha	ingezukutha
Class 5	lizokutha	elizokutha	lizokutha	alizukutha	elingezukutha	lingezukutha
Class 6	azokutha	azokutha	ezokutha	awazukutha	angezukutha	engezukutha
Class 7	sizokutha	esizokutha	sizokutha	asizukutha	esingezukutha	singezukutha
Class 8	zizokutha	ezizokutha	zizokutha	azizukutha	ezingezukutha	zingezukutha
Class 9	izokutha	ezokutha	izokutha	ayizukutha	engezukutha	ingezukutha
Class 10	zizokutha	ezizokutha	zizokutha	azizukutha	ezingezukutha	zingezukutha
Class 11	luzokutha	oluzokutha	luzokutha	aluzukutha	olungezukutha	lungezukutha
Class 14	buzokutha	obuzokutha	buzokutha	abuzukutha	obungezukutha	bungezukutha
Class 15	kuzokutha	okuzokutha	kuzokutha	akuzukutha	okungezukutha	kungezukutha
Class 17	kuzokutha	okuzokutha	kuzokutha	akuzukutha	okungezukutha	kungezukutha
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokutha	engiyokutha	ngiyokutha	angiyukutha	engingeyukutha	ngingeyukutha
2nd singular	uyokutha	oyokutha	uyokutha	awuyukutha	ongeyukutha	ungeyukutha
1st plural	siyokutha	esiyokutha	siyokutha	asiyukutha	esingeyukutha	singeyukutha
2nd plural	niyokutha	eniyokutha	niyokutha	aniyukutha	eningeyukutha	ningeyukutha
Class 1	uyokutha	oyokutha	eyokutha	akayukutha	ongeyukutha	engeyukutha
Class 2	bayokutha	abayokutha	beyokutha	abayukutha	abangeyukutha	bengeyukutha
Class 3	uyokutha	oyokutha	uyokutha	awuyukutha	ongeyukutha	ungeyukutha
Class 4	iyokutha	eyokutha	iyokutha	ayiyukutha	engeyukutha	ingeyukutha
Class 5	liyokutha	eliyokutha	liyokutha	aliyukutha	elingeyukutha	lingeyukutha
Class 6	ayokutha	ayokutha	eyokutha	awayukutha	angeyukutha	engeyukutha
Class 7	siyokutha	esiyokutha	siyokutha	asiyukutha	esingeyukutha	singeyukutha
Class 8	ziyokutha	eziyokutha	ziyokutha	aziyukutha	ezingeyukutha	zingeyukutha
Class 9	iyokutha	eyokutha	iyokutha	ayiyukutha	engeyukutha	ingeyukutha
Class 10	ziyokutha	eziyokutha	ziyokutha	aziyukutha	ezingeyukutha	zingeyukutha
Class 11	luyokutha	oluyokutha	luyokutha	aluyukutha	olungeyukutha	lungeyukutha
Class 14	buyokutha	obuyokutha	buyokutha	abuyukutha	obungeyukutha	bungeyukutha
Class 15	kuyokutha	okuyokutha	kuyokutha	akuyukutha	okungeyukutha	kungeyukutha
Class 17	kuyokutha	okuyokutha	kuyokutha	akuyukutha	okungeyukutha	kungeyukutha
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngithe	ngingathi
2nd singular	uthe	ungathi
1st plural	sithe	singathi
2nd plural	nithe	ningathi
Class 1	athe	angathi
Class 2	bathe	bangathi
Class 3	uthe	ungathi
Class 4	ithe	ingathi
Class 5	lithe	lingathi
Class 6	athe	angathi
Class 7	sithe	singathi
Class 8	zithe	zingathi
Class 9	ithe	ingathi
Class 10	zithe	zingathi
Class 11	luthe	lungathi
Class 14	buthe	bungathi
Class 15	kuthe	kungathi
Class 17	kuthe	kungathi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngatha	ngangatha, angatha, angangatha
2nd singular	watha	wangatha, awatha, awangatha
1st plural	satha	sangatha, asatha, asangatha
2nd plural	natha	nangatha, anatha, anangatha
Class 1	watha	wangatha, akatha, akangatha
Class 2	batha	bangatha, abatha, abangatha
Class 3	watha	wangatha, awatha, awangatha
Class 4	yatha	yangatha, ayatha, ayangatha
Class 5	latha	langatha, alatha, alangatha
Class 6	atha	angatha, awatha, awangatha
Class 7	satha	sangatha, asatha, asangatha
Class 8	zatha	zangatha, azatha, azangatha
Class 9	yatha	yangatha, ayatha, ayangatha
Class 10	zatha	zangatha, azatha, azangatha
Class 11	lwatha	lwangatha, alwatha, alwangatha
Class 14	batha	bangatha, abatha, abangatha
Class 15	kwatha	kwangatha, akwatha, akwangatha
Class 17	kwatha	kwangatha, akwatha, akwangatha

Derived terms

• into

Etymology 2

From Proto-Bantu *-jìta.

Verb

-tha

1. (transitive) to funnel, to inject (an enema)

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukutha
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukutha	ukungathi
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	yitha	-the
Plural	yithani	-theni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyatha, ngitha	engithayo, engitha	ngitha	angithi	engingathi	ngingathi
2nd singular	uyatha, utha	othayo, otha	utha	awuthi	ongathi	ungathi
1st plural	siyatha, sitha	esithayo, esitha	sitha	asithi	esingathi	singathi
2nd plural	niyatha, nitha	enithayo, enitha	nitha	anithi	eningathi	ningathi
Class 1	uyatha, utha	othayo, otha	etha	akathi	ongathi	engathi
Class 2	bayatha, batha	abathayo, abatha	betha	abathi	abangathi	bengathi
Class 3	uyatha, utha	othayo, otha	utha	awuthi	ongathi	ungathi
Class 4	iyatha, itha	ethayo, etha	itha	ayithi	engathi	ingathi
Class 5	liyatha, litha	elithayo, elitha	litha	alithi	elingathi	lingathi
Class 6	ayatha, atha	athayo, atha	etha	awathi	angathi	engathi
Class 7	siyatha, sitha	esithayo, esitha	sitha	asithi	esingathi	singathi
Class 8	ziyatha, zitha	ezithayo, ezitha	zitha	azithi	ezingathi	zingathi
Class 9	iyatha, itha	ethayo, etha	itha	ayithi	engathi	ingathi
Class 10	ziyatha, zitha	ezithayo, ezitha	zitha	azithi	ezingathi	zingathi
Class 11	luyatha, lutha	oluthayo, olutha	lutha	aluthi	olungathi	lungathi
Class 14	buyatha, butha	obuthayo, obutha	butha	abuthi	obungathi	bungathi
Class 15	kuyatha, kutha	okuthayo, okutha	kutha	akuthi	okungathi	kungathi
Class 17	kuyatha, kutha	okuthayo, okutha	kutha	akuthi	okungathi	kungathi
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngithile, ngithē	engithile, engithē	ngithile, ngithē	angithanga	engingathanga	ngingathanga
2nd singular	uthile, uthē	othile, othē	uthile, uthē	awuthanga	ongathanga	ungathanga
1st plural	sithile, sithē	esithile, esithē	sithile, sithē	asithanga	esingathanga	singathanga
2nd plural	nithile, nithē	enithile, enithē	nithile, nithē	anithanga	eningathanga	ningathanga
Class 1	uthile, uthē	othile, othē	ethile, ethē	akathanga	ongathanga	engathanga
Class 2	bathile, bathē	abathile, abathē	bethile, bethē	abathanga	abangathanga	bengathanga
Class 3	uthile, uthē	othile, othē	uthile, uthē	awuthanga	ongathanga	ungathanga
Class 4	ithile, ithē	ethile, ethē	ithile, ithē	ayithanga	engathanga	ingathanga
Class 5	lithile, lithē	elithile, elithē	lithile, lithē	alithanga	elingathanga	lingathanga
Class 6	athile, athē	athile, athē	ethile, ethē	awathanga	angathanga	engathanga
Class 7	sithile, sithē	esithile, esithē	sithile, sithē	asithanga	esingathanga	singathanga
Class 8	zithile, zithē	ezithile, ezithē	zithile, zithē	azithanga	ezingathanga	zingathanga
Class 9	ithile, ithē	ethile, ethē	ithile, ithē	ayithanga	engathanga	ingathanga
Class 10	zithile, zithē	ezithile, ezithē	zithile, zithē	azithanga	ezingathanga	zingathanga
Class 11	luthile, luthē	oluthile, oluthē	luthile, luthē	aluthanga	olungathanga	lungathanga
Class 14	buthile, buthē	obuthile, obuthē	buthile, buthē	abuthanga	obungathanga	bungathanga
Class 15	kuthile, kuthē	okuthile, okuthē	kuthile, kuthē	akuthanga	okungathanga	kungathanga
Class 17	kuthile, kuthē	okuthile, okuthē	kuthile, kuthē	akuthanga	okungathanga	kungathanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngātha	engātha	ngātha	angithanga	engingathanga	ngingathanga
2nd singular	wātha	owātha	wātha	awuthanga	ongathanga	ungathanga
1st plural	sātha	esātha	sātha	asithanga	esingathanga	singathanga
2nd plural	nātha	enātha	nātha	anithanga	eningathanga	ningathanga
Class 1	wātha	owātha	ātha	akathanga	ongathanga	engathanga
Class 2	bātha	abātha	bātha	abathanga	abangathanga	bengathanga
Class 3	wātha	owātha	wātha	awuthanga	ongathanga	ungathanga
Class 4	yātha	eyātha	yātha	ayithanga	engathanga	ingathanga
Class 5	lātha	elātha	lātha	alithanga	elingathanga	lingathanga
Class 6	ātha	ātha	ātha	awathanga	angathanga	engathanga
Class 7	sātha	esātha	sātha	asithanga	esingathanga	singathanga
Class 8	zātha	ezātha	zātha	azithanga	ezingathanga	zingathanga
Class 9	yātha	eyātha	yātha	ayithanga	engathanga	ingathanga
Class 10	zātha	ezātha	zātha	azithanga	ezingathanga	zingathanga
Class 11	lwātha	olwātha	lwātha	aluthanga	olungathanga	lungathanga
Class 14	bātha	obātha	bātha	abuthanga	obungathanga	bungathanga
Class 15	kwātha	okwātha	kwātha	akuthanga	okungathanga	kungathanga
Class 17	kwātha	okwātha	kwātha	akuthanga	okungathanga	kungathanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingatha	—	ngingatha	ngingethe	—	ngingethe
2nd singular	ungatha	—	ungatha	ungethe	—	ungethe
1st plural	singatha	—	singatha	singethe	—	singethe
2nd plural	ningatha	—	ningatha	ningethe	—	ningethe
Class 1	angatha	—	engatha	angethe	—	engethe
Class 2	bangatha	—	bengatha	bangethe	—	bengethe
Class 3	ungatha	—	ungatha	ungethe	—	ungethe
Class 4	ingatha	—	ingatha	ingethe	—	ingethe
Class 5	lingatha	—	lingatha	lingethe	—	lingethe
Class 6	angatha	—	engatha	angethe	—	engethe
Class 7	singatha	—	singatha	singethe	—	singethe
Class 8	zingatha	—	zingatha	zingethe	—	zingethe
Class 9	ingatha	—	ingatha	ingethe	—	ingethe
Class 10	zingatha	—	zingatha	zingethe	—	zingethe
Class 11	lungatha	—	lungatha	lungethe	—	lungethe
Class 14	bungatha	—	bungatha	bungethe	—	bungethe
Class 15	kungatha	—	kungatha	kungethe	—	kungethe
Class 17	kungatha	—	kungatha	kungethe	—	kungethe
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizokutha	engizokutha	ngizokutha	angizukutha	engingezukutha	ngingezukutha
2nd singular	uzokutha	ozokutha	uzokutha	awuzukutha	ongezukutha	ungezukutha
1st plural	sizokutha	esizokutha	sizokutha	asizukutha	esingezukutha	singezukutha
2nd plural	nizokutha	enizokutha	nizokutha	anizukutha	eningezukutha	ningezukutha
Class 1	uzokutha	ozokutha	ezokutha	akazukutha	ongezukutha	engezukutha
Class 2	bazokutha	abazokutha	bezokutha	abazukutha	abangezukutha	bengezukutha
Class 3	uzokutha	ozokutha	uzokutha	awuzukutha	ongezukutha	ungezukutha
Class 4	izokutha	ezokutha	izokutha	ayizukutha	engezukutha	ingezukutha
Class 5	lizokutha	elizokutha	lizokutha	alizukutha	elingezukutha	lingezukutha
Class 6	azokutha	azokutha	ezokutha	awazukutha	angezukutha	engezukutha
Class 7	sizokutha	esizokutha	sizokutha	asizukutha	esingezukutha	singezukutha
Class 8	zizokutha	ezizokutha	zizokutha	azizukutha	ezingezukutha	zingezukutha
Class 9	izokutha	ezokutha	izokutha	ayizukutha	engezukutha	ingezukutha
Class 10	zizokutha	ezizokutha	zizokutha	azizukutha	ezingezukutha	zingezukutha
Class 11	luzokutha	oluzokutha	luzokutha	aluzukutha	olungezukutha	lungezukutha
Class 14	buzokutha	obuzokutha	buzokutha	abuzukutha	obungezukutha	bungezukutha
Class 15	kuzokutha	okuzokutha	kuzokutha	akuzukutha	okungezukutha	kungezukutha
Class 17	kuzokutha	okuzokutha	kuzokutha	akuzukutha	okungezukutha	kungezukutha
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyokutha	engiyokutha	ngiyokutha	angiyukutha	engingeyukutha	ngingeyukutha
2nd singular	uyokutha	oyokutha	uyokutha	awuyukutha	ongeyukutha	ungeyukutha
1st plural	siyokutha	esiyokutha	siyokutha	asiyukutha	esingeyukutha	singeyukutha
2nd plural	niyokutha	eniyokutha	niyokutha	aniyukutha	eningeyukutha	ningeyukutha
Class 1	uyokutha	oyokutha	eyokutha	akayukutha	ongeyukutha	engeyukutha
Class 2	bayokutha	abayokutha	beyokutha	abayukutha	abangeyukutha	bengeyukutha
Class 3	uyokutha	oyokutha	uyokutha	awuyukutha	ongeyukutha	ungeyukutha
Class 4	iyokutha	eyokutha	iyokutha	ayiyukutha	engeyukutha	ingeyukutha
Class 5	liyokutha	eliyokutha	liyokutha	aliyukutha	elingeyukutha	lingeyukutha
Class 6	ayokutha	ayokutha	eyokutha	awayukutha	angeyukutha	engeyukutha
Class 7	siyokutha	esiyokutha	siyokutha	asiyukutha	esingeyukutha	singeyukutha
Class 8	ziyokutha	eziyokutha	ziyokutha	aziyukutha	ezingeyukutha	zingeyukutha
Class 9	iyokutha	eyokutha	iyokutha	ayiyukutha	engeyukutha	ingeyukutha
Class 10	ziyokutha	eziyokutha	ziyokutha	aziyukutha	ezingeyukutha	zingeyukutha
Class 11	luyokutha	oluyokutha	luyokutha	aluyukutha	olungeyukutha	lungeyukutha
Class 14	buyokutha	obuyokutha	buyokutha	abuyukutha	obungeyukutha	bungeyukutha
Class 15	kuyokutha	okuyokutha	kuyokutha	akuyukutha	okungeyukutha	kungeyukutha
Class 17	kuyokutha	okuyokutha	kuyokutha	akuyukutha	okungeyukutha	kungeyukutha
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngithe	ngingathi
2nd singular	uthe	ungathi
1st plural	sithe	singathi
2nd plural	nithe	ningathi
Class 1	athe	angathi
Class 2	bathe	bangathi
Class 3	uthe	ungathi
Class 4	ithe	ingathi
Class 5	lithe	lingathi
Class 6	athe	angathi
Class 7	sithe	singathi
Class 8	zithe	zingathi
Class 9	ithe	ingathi
Class 10	zithe	zingathi
Class 11	luthe	lungathi
Class 14	buthe	bungathi
Class 15	kuthe	kungathi
Class 17	kuthe	kungathi
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngatha	ngangatha, angatha, angangatha
2nd singular	watha	wangatha, awatha, awangatha
1st plural	satha	sangatha, asatha, asangatha
2nd plural	natha	nangatha, anatha, anangatha
Class 1	watha	wangatha, akatha, akangatha
Class 2	batha	bangatha, abatha, abangatha
Class 3	watha	wangatha, awatha, awangatha
Class 4	yatha	yangatha, ayatha, ayangatha
Class 5	latha	langatha, alatha, alangatha
Class 6	atha	angatha, awatha, awangatha
Class 7	satha	sangatha, asatha, asangatha
Class 8	zatha	zangatha, azatha, azangatha
Class 9	yatha	yangatha, ayatha, ayangatha
Class 10	zatha	zangatha, azatha, azangatha
Class 11	lwatha	lwangatha, alwatha, alwangatha
Class 14	batha	bangatha, abatha, abangatha
Class 15	kwatha	kwangatha, akwatha, akwangatha
Class 17	kwatha	kwangatha, akwatha, akwangatha

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “tha”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “tha”