G Y P SY SO R C E R Y

A ND

FO R T U NE T EL L I NG

I LL USTK A TED B YNUMER O US I NCA NTA TI ONS , SP E CI MENS OF

MEDI CA L MA GI C A NE CD O TES A ND
,
TA LE S

/
/

C H A RL ES G O DFREY k EL A ND
w sm
pa ss o l7 TH E G l P SY-
LO R B soc umr ,
&c .
,
&c .

C O P I O USL Y I LL USTR A TED BY THE J U THOR

LO NDO N

T . F I SH E R U NW I N
PA TERNO STER SQ U A R E

M DCCCX CI
 De b i ca t ton .

TH I S WO R K

Is RE S P EC T FU L L Y D ED ICA T ED TO MY CO LL E A G U E S O F TH E

C O NC R ES DES T R A D I T IO N S po p u L A I R Es,

H E L D AT pA R I s, JU L Y , 1 889 ;

A ND E S P EC IA L L Y

T o T H E F R EN C H M E M B ER S OF TH AT BO D Y ,

I N G R A T EFU L R EMEMER A NC E OF TH E I R O ENERO U S H OS P I TA L I T Y,

A N D U N FAI L I NG K I N D N E SS A N D CO UR T ES Y , EY

C H A R L ES G . L EL A N D .
 CO NTENTS .

PM !

CRA P.

I . TH E O R I GI N OF WI TC HC RA FP, S H A M AN I S M A ND SO R C E R Y VI ND I CTI V E
,
. A ND MI SC H I EVOU S

M AG C I

II CH A R M S AN D CO NJU RATI O N S TO C U RE T E D SO RDERS O P GROW P EO P L E H UN GA R A N

. H I N . I

G Y PSY M AG I C
I I I G Y PS Y C O NJUR AT O N S ND E o RC I MST H E C UR E O P C H I L DREN H U NG A R A N G Y PS Y S PE LL S
. I A x S I

CUR O U S OL D I TA L AN
A I S E C R ET T HE M AG I C V I RTU E O P G A R L I C
I A

P LO R ENT NE NC A NTAT I O N L E A R N ED P ROM A W I TC H L I L I T H

I I TH E CH L D S T E A L E R , I -
,

ND og EEN O P T H E W I T CH E S
A

I V SOU T H S L AV O N AN AN D OT H ER G Y PS Y W TCH LO RE T H E WO RD S FO R A W I T CH V L A S AN D
. I I -
. I

TH E S P RI T S O P E A RT I H AN D I R W TCH E S EGG SH E LL S A N D EGG LO RE E GG A I ,

-
,
-

P RO E Bs V DE CRU C BU S
R O VA I

V C HA R M S O R C O NJU R ATI O N S To C U RE O R PR OTECT A N M A L S

. I

V I O
. P PREG N A NC Y AN D C H A R M S O R P OL E L O RE C O NN E C TE D W I T H I T Bo R
, TE ETH AN D -
A

s

C H A R M S PO R P REV E NT N G TH E PL OW O P B LOO D I

VI I T
. H E RE C O V ER Y O E S T O L E N P R O PER T Y LO V E CH A R M S S H O E S ND LO V E PO TI O NS, O R -
A -

P H LTRES I

V III R OUM A N A N AN D T R AN S Y LVAN AN S O R C ER E S AN D S U P ER STI T O N S CO NN EC TED W I T H

. I I I I ,

TH O S E O E TH E G Y PS ES I

I X TH E RE N D EZ V O U S O R M EET I N GS O P W I T C H ES SO RC ERERS A N D V L A S
.
CO NT NUATI O N , , I . A I

P S OUT H S L AV O N AN G Y PS Y L O RE
O I -

X O P T H E HAU NTS H OM ES A N D HAB I TS O F W TC H ES I N TH E S OUTH S L AV I C L AN D S

.
, ,
I .

B OG E Y S AN D H U M B U G S

X I G Y P S Y W I TC H R I T
. TH E M AG I C A L POW ER W H C H I S NNAT E N A L L MEN A ND WO M E N
C A -
. I I I

H OW T M A Y B E CULTI V ATE D AN D DEV E LO PE DTHE PR NC P L ES O P PO R TU N E

I I I

T E L LI NG
X I I FO R TU NE TE LL N G ( t i ll ll e d )
.
- R O MA NC B B AS ED O N CHANCE O R H O PE
I t R EGA RDS T HE
.
, , AS

PUTU RE PO LR AN D SO RCE RY LO RE A UT H ENT C I N STANCE S O B G YPS Y PRED CTI ON -
I I I S6
X III PR O V ER B S R EPERRI NG TO W I TC H ES G Y PS E S A N D PA I R I E S
.
,
I , 1
94 .

X I V A G
. Y P S Y M A G C S P E L L H O K K AINI B A R O L ELLI N DU DI R B I N OR TH E G R E AT S E C R ET
. A ,

CH I L DREN S R H Y M ES AN D NC A NTATI O N S TEN L I T TL E ND A N B O YS A N D T E N

I I I

L I TT L E AC O R N GI R L S O E M A RC E L LU S B RDI G LENSI S U A

X V G Y PS Y A M U L ETS
.

XV I G Y PS E S TO A D
. I , AN D TO A D L O RE S, -
 PR EFA C E .

H I S work co n t ai n s a colle c

tion o f t he c ustoms usages , ,

a n d c e r e m o n i e s c u rr e n t

am gypsi es re g ards
on
g as ,

fo r t u n e t e l l i n g
-
wi tc h ,

doctori n g love philte ri n g

, ,

an d oth e r so r c e r y ill u strat e d ,

by man y an e cdo t e s an d i n
st an ce s take n e ith e r from
,

works as ye t v e ry littl e
k n own to t he En glish
r e ade r or fr o m perso n al
e xp e r i e n ce s W ithi n a v e r y
.

fe w ye ar s si n ce E th n ology
,

an d A r ch ae ol o gy h av e r e
ce iv e d a gr e at i n spiratio n ,

an d m uch e n l ar ge d the ir
scope through Fo lk l o r e e ve r ythi n g r e l ati n g t o such subj e cts is st udi e d
,

with far gr e at e r i n te r e st an d to mu ch gr e ate r p r ot than was t he case
whe n th e y we r e c ultiv ate d i n a l an g uid h a l f be lievi n g h al f sc e ptical S pi r it
,
-
,
-

which was i n r e ality r athe r o n e o f me r e r oman ce th an r e aso n Now th at .

we se e k with r e so l u tio n to n d t he wh ol e t r uth be it base d o n m at e ri alism

, ,

spi r it ualism or the i r ide n tity we ar e am az e d to n d that t he realm o f

, ,

mar ve l an d myste r y of wo n de r an d poe try co n n e cte d with what we

, ,

v ague ly call magic far from be i n g e xpl ai n e d away or e xplode d e n l ar ge s
, ,
 P R EP/
I CE .

we pr oce e d, i n t o a me r e clou la n d gor ge a s

d
O
d
ki ll : us as an t ha
t
n ot ,

xi bu t i n t o a a u n t r
,
of r e a t v i n whi ch m
v e n o f sc ie n c e w ho w o uld

mace ha ve di sdai ne t he me r e th ought t her e of are b e gi n n i n g t o scr av

d .

H yp n m i sm h a s f a fly r e v ea l e d far
g r ea t e r w o n d e r s t h a n w e r e e v e r e st a b li sh e d

by t e f a r ci ua l ar a of O ld or b v mesme r i st s o f mo r e mo de r n t i me s
.. .

Me m r
y trhe b a sis
,
o f t ho u g ht acco r di n g t o P L A T O w h i c h w as o n c e he ld ,

t o be a de t e r m i n e d q uan tity has be e n pr ov e d ( t he wor d i s n o : t oo bo l d )

, , ,

b y r e ce n t physi o l ogy t o be pr act i ca lly i n n ite a n d it s pe r fe ct de v e lo pme n t

, ,

t o be ide n t ica l with that of i n t e ll e ct so tha t we n o w se e pl ai n l y b e fo r e us ,

t he po we r t o pe r fmm m uch wh i ch was o n ce r e gar de d as mi r acul o us No t

'
.

le ss e vide n t is it t ha t me n of sc ie n ce or pr acti ca l i n ve n t o r s such as DA R wI N , ,

V A LL A C E H U X L EY T Y NDA L E G A L TO N J O L L E LO C K Y ER an d E D I S O N
' '

v , , , , , , ,

ha ve be e n o r ar e all wor ki n g i n commo n with the oso phists Spirituali st s , ,

Fo l k lmist s an d man y mor e n ot dive r se ly b ut all t o war ds a gr an d so l utio n

-
'

, ,

of t he U n kn own .

T he r e for e the r e is n ot hi n g whateve r in t he past r e l ati n g t o t he i n ue n ce s

which h ave swaye d man however s t ran ge e cce n t r ic supe r stiti o us o r e v e n
, , , ,

re p u l sive th e y ma y s ee m w h i ch ,
is n o t o f gr eat an d co n stan tly i n creasi n g

v al ue A n d i f we of the pr esen t time be gi n al r e ady t o se e this how m uch

. ,

mor e p im o r ta n t w i l l t he se f a ct s be to the me n of t he fu ture who by vi r tue , ,

of m or e Wi de ly ex te n ded kn owl e dge an d compariso n wil l be be t t e r abl e ,

t ha n w e ar e to dr a w w i s e co n cl u sio n s un dreame d of n o w But t he chi e f .

c on cl u si on fo r us i s to col le ct as m u ch as w e can whil e it is y e t e xt an t o f , ,

all the s tr an ge lo r e o f the ol d e n ti m e i n ste ad o f wasti n g time in for mi n g idl e

,

theorie s about it .

I n a pape r re ad be fore t he Congr : dc: Tr adi t i ampopula i r e: i n Paris 1 8 8 9 , ,

h r l ti f y ies to F l k l or e I se t for th my beli e f that these p e o le

o n t e e a o n s o
gp s o
p
-
,

have al ways be e n the h umble pr i e sts o f wh at is real ly the practic al r eligion

of all pe asan t s an d poor pe o pl e ; th at is their m agic al ce remon ies an d
me dici n e Very fe w have an y con ceptio n o f the de gr e e to which gypsie s
.

hav e bee n t he colporte urs of wh at i n Italy is c all e d t he o ld faith or ,

W itchcraft .
 P R EFA CE .
xi

A S re gar ds the ill ustr ative m atter give n I am m uch i n debt e d t o DR , .

W L I SLO C K I who has probably had far m or e i n timate pe rso n al expe rie n ce of
,
.

gy psi e s th an an y othe r l e ar n ed man who e ve r li ve d through o ur mutual ,

fri e n d Dr A N T H O N H ERR M A N N editor of t he Et b n olagi r c/

, .
, ze M i t t e i lun m
g ,

B udape st who is also himse l f an accomplish e d Ro m an y schol ar an d col le ctor

, ,

an d who has ki n dl y t ake n a war m i n tere st i n this book an d gre at ly aided it , .

To th e se I may add Dr F R I E DR IC H S K R A U SS of V i e n n a whose v ario us

. .
, ,

wor ks o n t he superstition s an d Folk lo r e o f t he S o uth Sl avo n i an s ki n dly

-
-

pre se n te d by himto me c o n tai n a vast mi n e o f m ate r i al n e ar ly all that of ,

which he tre ats be i n g c o mmo n pro perty be t we e n p e asan ts a n d t he Ro m an y ,

as o t h e r so ur c e s ab u n dan tly i n dic at e W ith this the r e is also much which

.

I co ll e ct e d pe rson ally amon g gypsi e s an d fortun e t e ll e rs an d simil ar -

,

ch aract e rs it be in g t r ue as r e gar ds this wor k an d its mai n o bj e ct that

, ,

the re is m uch cogn at e or alli e d i n for mation which is q uite as v al uabl e as

gypsy lor e itse l f as all suc h subj e cts m utuall y e xpl ai n o n e of t he oth e rs
-
, .

Gypsi e s as I h ave said h ave do n e more th a n an y race or cl ass o n

, ,

t he face o f t he e ar th t o di ssemi n at e am o n g the multit ude a be li e f i n

fort un e te lli n g m agic al or symp athe tic cure s am ule ts an d such small
-
, ,

sor c e r i e s as n ow n d a pl ace in Folk lor e Their wome n have all pr e -

te n ded to po ss e ss occ ult power si n ce pre histor ic tim e s B y t he exe r cise .

o f th e i r wits th e y h av e act ually ac q ui r e d a c e r tai n ar t o f r e adi n g ch ar acter

o r e ve n thought which howe ve r it b e alli e d t o de ce it is i n a way tr ue

, , ,

i n itse l f an d we ll worth care fu l e xami n atio n

, MA TT H E W A R NO L D has .

dwelt o n it with rar e skill i n his poe m of The Gypsy Schol ar E ve n .

de ce it an d i mpost ur e n e v e r he ld its own as a syste m for age s without

som e gro un d wo r k o f t r uth
-
an d th at which up h e ld t he st r u ct ure o f gypsy
,

sor ce r y has n e v e r be e n v e ry care fully e xami n e d I trust th at I h ave

,
.

don e this i n a r ation al an d philosophic spir it an d have also ill ust r ate d ,

my r e mar ks in a m an n er whic h will pr ov e att r active to t he ge n e ral re ade r .

The r e ar e m an y good re ason s for bel i e vi n g th at t he gr e atest portio n

o f gypsy m agic was b r o ught by t he Rom an y fr om t he E ast or I n di a .

This is specially tr ue as regards those n ow d we lli n g in E aster n E ur ope .

xii PR EFA CE .

A nd it is cert ai n ly i n t e r e sti n g to obse r ve th at a m o n g th e se p e ople th e r e

i s still e xt an t o n a v e r y e xt e n de d scale i n d e e d a S ham an ism which

, ,

se e ms to h ave c o me fr om the same Tar t ar Altaic sour c e which was -

fou n d o f yo r e amon g t he A cc adi an B abyl o n i an s E t r uscan r ac es an d

-
, ,

I n dian hill tribe s This t he re ligio n o f t he drum an d t he de m o n as a

-
.
,

dise ase o r de vil do cto r i n g will be foun d fully ill ust r at e d i n man y

c ur i o us ways i n the se page s I b e lie v e th at i n d e scr ibi n g it I h ave

.

als o sh o wn ho w m an y fr agm e n ts o f this p r i mitiv e r e ligi on or cult still , ,

e xist , un d e r ve r y diffe r e n t n ame s in t he most e n lighte n e d c e n tr e s o f

,

civili z atio n A n d I r e spe ct fully submit to my r e ade r o r critic t h at I

. , ,

hav e i n n o i n st an ce e ithe r i n thi s o r an y othe r c ase wan de r e d fr om

, ,

my r e al subj e ct an d that t he e n ti r e wo r k for ms a c ar e fully c o n side re d

,

an d con siste n t whol e . To p e r fe ct my title I sho uld p e r h aps h ave

,

add e d a li n e or t wo t o t he e ffe ct th at I h av e ill ust r at e d man y o f t he

gypsy s orce r i e s by i n stan ce s of Folk l or e d r awn fr o m o the r so ur ce s ;

-

b ut I b e li e ve th at it is n owh e r e i n approp r i ate co n sid e r i n g t he subj e ct as

,

a whol e . For th o se who would lay str e ss o n omi ssi on : i n my boo k I would ,

th at I h av e ne v e r i n t e n d e d o r p r e t e n d e d to ex ha ust gypsy s up e r stiti o n s

sa
y .

I hav e n ot e ve n giv e n all t hat may b e foun d i n t he wor ks o f W L I SL O C K I

alo n e . I h av e acco r di n g t o t he limits o f t he b o o k cite d so m uch as t o fully
, ,

illust r at e t he m ai n s ubj e ct al r e ady d e scr ibe d an d this will be of m o r e i n t e re st

,

to t he st ude n t o f history than t he de t ail s of gypsy chi r om an cy or mo r e Sp e lls

an d ch ar ms th an ar e n e ce ss ar y to e xpl ai n t he l e adi n g id e as .

W h at is wan te d i n t he pr e se n t Stat e of Fo lk l or e I he r e r e p e at is -
, ,

colle ct i on fr o m o r igi n al so ur c e s an d m ate r i al th at is fr o m pe opl e an d

, ,

n ot m ly om books T e c r itics
e r e f r .h w e
have like t he p oor al ways
with us an d a c e n t ur y he n c e we sh all doubtl e ss h av e far b e tte r o n e s
,

th an thos e i n w o e
h m w n o w r ej o i ce or sor r ow But mat er i a l abide s .

no time an d an imme n se q uan tity o f it which is wor l d o ld p e r ishes

,
-

eve ry day For with ge n e ral cult ur e an d i n te l lige n ce we ar e killi n g

.

a ll ki n ds o f o ld faiths with wo n de r ful c e l e r ity

,
The tim e is n e ar at
.

han d whe n it will all be i n cr e dibly v al uabl e an d t he n me n will wish ,

 RR EPA CE . xi i i

s orr owfully e n ough that th e r e had be e n mor e coll e ct ors to accum ulate
an d fewe r cr itics t o d e tract fr o m t h e ir l abours an d to disco ur age th e m .

Fo r t he coll e ct or must fo rm his the or y o r syst e m gr e at or small good , ,

or bad s uch as it is in orde r to gathe r his facts ; an d the n t he the ory

, ,

is shattere d by the cr itic an d t he coll e ction mad e to appe ar ridicul ous .

A n d so c olle cti o n e n ds .

The re is an oth e r very c ur ious r e e cti o n which has be e n e ve r pr e se n t

to my mi n d whil e wr iti n g this wor k an d which t he r e ade r will do well ,

c ar e fully to thi n k ou t for himsel f It is that t he v e r y rst e fforts of t he .

h uman mi n d towar ds t he supe r n atur al we r e gloomy str an ge an d wild , ,

th e y we r e of witchcr aft an d sor ce r y de ad bodi e s de le me n t de viltr y an d , , , ,

dirt Me n soo n c ame t o b e lie ve in t he vir tue o f t he r e p e tition o f c e r tain

.

r hym e s o r s pe lls in co n n e cti o n with de ad m e n s bon e s han ds an d other

, ,

h or r or s o r r e lics To this day this o ld r e ligio n e xists e xactly as it did o f

.

y o r e whe r e ve r me n ar e ign or an t st upid cr imi n al o r cor re spo n di n g to the ir

, , , ,

pre histo r ic an ce stor s I myse l f h ave se e n a d e ad m an s h an d fo r sale in

.

Ve n ic e Accor di n g t o DR B L OC K s ays a wr iter i n The St ya mes e Gaz et t e

. .
, .
,

Jan uary 1 6 1 8 8 9 t he cor pse can dl e s upe r stitio n is sti ll rmly e n sh r i n e d

, ,
-

amon g t he t e n e ts o f t hi e v e s all o ve r E ur o p e I n re al it y acc o r di n g t o Tb c .

,

St a n da r d we k n ow littl e about the S tr an ge t h o ughts which agit at e t he mi n ds

,

o f t he c r imi n al classe s The i r c r e e ds ar e l e ge n ds M ost of the m ar e t he

. .

child r e n an d g r an dchild r e n of thie v e s who hav e b e e n br o ught up from

the i r youth i n t he d e n se st ig n or an ce an d who c on stan tly at war with , ,

so ci e ty se e k t he aid o f th ose powe r s o f dar k n e ss i n t he dr e ad e f cacy o f

,

which th e y h ave an un shake n co n de n ce .

Fe t i shi sm of t h e
u d st typ w h t t h myth l gists h v l
r d t c ll
e imisme , or a e o o a e e ar n e o a an

is p t d p c l f t h
ar an bb s c d A h bit d p u t thi f h
ar e o e ro l w ys i his
er

ree .

a an re e

e as a a n

p ck t
o e s m wh
, orb u t his p s
o e bit f c l
ere ch lk
a l u cky S t
o e r on , a o oa , or a , or a

on e ,

or an

a mu l t f s m s t
e o which ho li s f s f t y i his h u f p il O m s h mly
e or on e re e or a e n o r o er . en e r

t u sts i
r Divi ti
n .is g u l ly p ctis d by him
na on th cc si l qu ls v t h
re ar ra e , as e o a on a ar r e o er e

B ibl d ky
e an d t h si v ed sh s t sti fy Th s u pp s d p w f witch s d wi z ds
, an e e e an e ar , e . e o e o er o e an ar

m k m y f th m liv i t
a e an o d p y bl ckm il
e d lth u gh th y w ill li
e n lm s t
e r r or , an a a a , an a o e e a o

with u t o m tiv t h i g n u i ty wi th which t h m st d p v d c imi l will t y t v d

a o e, e n e e o e ra e r na r o e a e

kissi g t h 5 k: P f mi n g this r i t e with his th u mb i st d is c u i u s i st c f wh t

n e 00 e r or n ea , a r o n an e o a
xiv P R EFA CE .

may t e r m d p ve t d ligi u s i sti cts A f t he f

be e er r e f th
re il y it i i m d
o n n . s or e ar o e ev e e, s a r e

th t m
a t f t h f ig thi v s f L d d d m
os o e ore b i g b u ght be f
n e e p tic u l
o on on re a or e e n ro or e a ar ar

m gist t wh h t h p u t ti
a ra e o f b i g
as d w d w i t h th t f t l gi ft th
e re a f b i g
on o e n en o e a a a an o e n

su m m ily s t c d by y th wh s j u d ici l gl is l ss s v
ar en en e an o er o e a ar e e e ere .

This is all true but it te lls o n ly a sm all par t of the tr uth Not
, .

o n ly is Fe tish or S haman ism t he r e al r e ligi o n o f crimi n als b ut o f vast ,

n um ber s who ar e n o t suspect e d of it The r e is n o t a to wn i n E n gl an d .

or i n E ur ope i n which witchc r aft ( its be gi n n i n g ) is n ot e xt e n sive ly

p ract i sed although this is do n e with a se cre cy t he succ e ss of which is of
,

it se l f almost a mi r acl e W e may e re ct ch ur che s an d pri n t books b ut

.
,

wher e v er t he p r e historic man e xists an d he is still t o b e foun d e ve r y

whe re by mi llio n s he will cli n g t o t he o ld witchcr aft of his r e mote
an cestor s U n ti l y o u c han ge his v e r y n at ur e t he on ly for m i n which he
.
,

can r ea li z e super n at ur alism will be by mean s o f s u pe rstiti o n an d t he gr osse st ,

su e r st i o n at that R e se ar ch an d r e e ctio n h av e t aught m th at this

p . e

sor cery is far more wide ly an d d e e ply e xt e n ded th an an y c ultiv at e d p e rso n

dreams i n stead o f yi e ldi n g t o t he p r o gr ess o f c ult ur e it se e ms to
actual ly adv an ce wi t h it Cou n t A N G EL O DE G U B ER NA T I S on ce r em ar ke d
.

t o o n e o f t he most disti n guishe d E n glish st at e sm e n that ther e was in

t he cou n tr y in T usc an y t e n tim e s as m uch h e athe n ism as Christi an ity .

The same r e m ar k was m ade t o me by a fort un e te ll e r i n Flor e n ce She -

.

expl ai n e d what she m e an t It was t he vecchi a r e ligi on e . t he old r e ligion

n ot Christi an ity b ut t he dar k an d S tr an g e sor c e r i e s o f t he st r egb a or witch

, , ,

the compo un di n g of m agical medi ci n e o ve r which spells ar e m utte r e d ,

t h e m aki n g l o v e philt e r s t he c ur si n g e n e mies t he r e movi n g t he i n ue n ce

-
, ,

o f oth e r witc he s an d t he m an u fact ur e o f am ul e ts i n a m an n e r

,
pr o hibite d
by t he Ch ur c h .

It wo uld se e m as i f by some stran ge proce ss whil e adv an ced sci e n tists

, ,

ar e o cc u pi e d i n e limi n ati n g m agic fr om re ligi o n t he coars e r mi n d is ,

act ually b usy in r e duci n g it t o re ligio n al o n e It has be en e d ucated .

sui ci e n t ly t o perc e iv e an an alogy b e twe e n d e ad m an s h an ds an d re lics

as wor ki n g mi r acl e s an d as sorc e ry is mo r e e n t e r t ai n i n g th an re ligio n an d

, ,

has mo r e over t he ch arm o f s e cr e cy t he pre histo r ic man who is still

, , , ,
 m
M
b e h
g u ps f p e pl wh s st t u s w
ro o o t e f s v g y ; it s
o e a as o a a er ee ms di f c u lt t b li v t h t o e e e a

R l e ig h
a d Sp s anct u lly b h ld sp c i m s f t h I ish s v
en er a a e e e en o e r a a ge ; it s ms imp ssibl t ee o e o

rea d K mbl d G e d F m e an d y t t u d st d t h reen an ree an an e o n er an a t th y esp ki g ly f

ar e ea n on o

t he dv c d g u d f t h E glish ti
a an e t
arf t h b ck w do e n na on , n o o e a ar ra c s w ithi t h b u d y f
e n e o n ar o

its isl d h m Th st u d t f ch ic c u st m h h w v t
an o e . e en o ar a o as, o e er, o m e t th s di f c u lti s d
e e e e , an

it s ms c ss y th f
ee ne t t y e d iv t s m id
ar , t e r e or e, o r an ar r e a o e e a as o wh t t he p i d f s v g y
a er o o a a er

i t h s isl ds lly m s
n e e an rea e an .

W hich is a q ue sti o n th at ve r y fe w can an swe r The r e is to be fo un d in .

almost ev e r y che ap b o o k o r pen n y dre ad ful an d n e wsp ape r S hop in G r e at ,

Brit ai n an d Am ic e r a f o r s l a v e r y low p r ice a B o k of Fate or som e

a e t a o,

t hi n g eq uiv al e n t t o it for t he n ame of th e se wor ks is l e gio n ,

an d o n e
p ub

lisb e r adve r tise s th at he has n e ar ly thi r ty of the m o r at l e ast s u ch books with ,

di ffe r e n t titl e s I n my copy the r e ar e t we n ty ve p age s o f i n can t ati o n s

.
-
,

charms an d sp e lls e ve r y o n e of the m e v e r y whit as s upe r stiti o us as an y
, ,

o f t he gypsy c e r e mo n i e s se t forth i n this vol um e I am c on vi n ce d fr o m .

,

much i n qui r y th at n e xt to t he B ibl e an d t he A lm an ac the r e is n o on e b o ok

,

which is so m uch disse mi n at e d am o n g t he milli o n as t he fo r t un e te ll e r i n so me -

,

fo rm o r o t he r Th at is t o say the r e ar e n um e r ically man y milli o n s mo r e o f

.
I
, , ,

beli e ve rs i n s uch small sorce r y n o w i n Gre at B r itai n th an the r e we r e c e n t ur i e s

a o fo r b e it r e m e m b e r e d t he su e rst I t I o n s o f t he m asse s we r e al ways p e tty
g , , p ,

on e s like those o f t he fat e b o oks

, it was o n ly t he arist ocr acy who co n s ult e d -

Cor n e li us A gripp a an d c o uld affor d la b a a t e magi e W e may c all it by

, .

othe r n ames b ut fr y boil r oast po wd e r o r pe r I me it as we will t he old

, , , , ,

o cc u lt m e an s o f g e tti n g at it still exist s

fait h in t he s upe r n at ur al an d i n
i n o n e for m or an oth e r t he par abl e o r mor al o f m o s t fr e que n t occ ur r e n c e in
o

it b e i n g th at o f t he M ot e an d t he B e am o f t he r e al an d I ll me an i n g of ,

n
which I can o ly r e pl y i n t he e v e r r e c ur r i n g r e fr ai n o f t he E dd a : U n der

s t an d y e this or what ?

c mys l f m d t c t ib u t i v l u t ily t this ki d f lit t u

I was on e e F ty a e o on r e, n o n ar , o n o era re . or

y s g I p u blish d F lk l
e ar a o b k titl d T h P t y d Myst y f D ms i
e a o -
or e oo en e

e oe r an er o rea ,

n

which t h xpl ti s f d ms e e giv by A T M Y H

an a A RT E M D O R U
on d th
o re a , as en S RA PS C I U S, I S, an o er

anci e t i l gi t
n w ill u st t d by p ss g s f m m y p ts d p p u l b ll ds
on e r o o s s, ere ra e a a e ro an oe an o ar a a ,

sh wi g h w wid ly t h
o n ci t symb lism h d xt d d A f w y s g I f u d th t
o e e an en o a e en e . e e ar a o o n a

s m i g i u s lit y h ck h d t k my w k (with u t c dit ) d mitti g wh t w u ld

o e n en o e r ar a a a en or o re , an , o n a o

not b u d st d by s v t gi ls h d m d of it c mm sixp y d m b k
e n er oo er an r , a a e a o on enn rea -
oo .
 C H A PTE R I .

TH E O R I G I N O F WI T C H C R A FT , S H AMA N I SM, A ND S O R C ER Y .
V I N DIC T IV E
A ND M I S C H I EVO U S MAGI C .

S the ir p e culi ar p e r fu me is t he
chie f associ atio n with spic e s ,

so sor c e r y is allied i n e ve r y
m e mor y t o gy psi e s A n d as it .

has n o t e s cap e d man y poe ts

that the r e is s ome t hi n g mor e
str an ge ly s we e t an d myste r ious
i n t he s ce n t o f clov e s than in
th at o f owe rs so t he attr ibut e
,

o f i n h e r ited m agic powe r adds

t o t he rom an c e o f the se pi ct ur

e sq ue wan de r e rs B o th t he
.

spice s an d t he Roman y come

fr o m t he far E ast the fathe r
l an d o f divi n ati o n an d e n chan t
me n t .The latt e r have be e n
t r ace d with tol e r able accur acy ,

I n dian D om an d D o mar back t o the ,

 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

th sh ld o f hist ory or we ll n igh i n to pr e histor ic time s an d in all age s the y

re o ,
-
, ,

o r th e i r wom e n h ave bee n e n gaged as i f by elvish i n sti n ct in s e lli n g e n c han t

, , ,

m e n ts p e ddli n g prophe cies a n d palmistry an d deali n g with t he de vil ge n e rall y

, ,

i n a small r e t ail way .

A s it was o f old so it is t o day

Ki r ban i Roman i

A doi ma
i clvorz lzan i .

Wh ere v er gypsi g es o,

Th e re t he w itc h s e ar e , we k n ow .

It is n o gr eat p r obl e m i n e thn ol og y or an t hro po logy as t o how gypsi e s .

b e c ame for tun e t e ll e r s W e may n d a ve ry c ur io us ill ustrati o n o f it i n t he

-
.

wr e n . This is app ar e n tly as h umbl e mode st prosaic littl e fo wl as e xists , , ,

an d as far fr om myste r y an d wick e d n e ss as an o ld he n B ut t he or n i t ho lo .

gists of t he ol de n tim e an d t he myth m ake r s an d t he gypsi e s who l ur ke d an d

,
-
,

liv e d i n t he fo r e st k n e w b e tt e r
, Th e y saw how this br ight e ye d st r an ge
.
-
,

littl e cre at ur e i n he r e lvish way slippe d i n an d o ut o f h o llow t r e e s an d wo od

sh ade i n t o s un light an d an o n was go n e n o man k n e w whither an d so th e y
, , ,

k n e w that it was an un can n y cr eat ur e an d told won de r al tal e s o f its d e e ds ,

,

i n hu man fo r m an d to day it is c all e d by gypsies i n Ge r m an y as i n En g ,

l an d t he witch bi r d or m or e br i e y cbor i lzan i
,
-
,
the witch J ust so t he , , .

gypsi e s themse l ve s with th e ir glitte r i n g I n di an e ye s slippi n g like t he wr e n

, ,

in an d o ut o f the sh ado w of t he U n k n o wn an d an o n away an d i n visibl e wo n , ,

for the mse l ve s t he n ame which no w the y we ar W he r e v e r Sh aman is m o r .

,

t he s or ce r y which is b ase d o n e x o r cisi n g o r c o mm an di n g S pi r its exi sts its , ,

p r o fe sso r s fr o m l e adi n g str an ge live s or fr o m solit ude or wan de r i n g be co me , ,

str an ge an d wild lo o ki n g W he n me n h av e this app e ar an ce pe opl e associ at e

-
.

with it myste r i o us powe r This is the c as e in Tar t ar y Afr ica am on g t he

.
, ,

Eski mo Lapps o r Re d I n di an s wi t h all o f wh o m t he sorc e r er voodoo o r

, , , ,

medaoli n has t he e y e o f t he fasci n at o r glitt e r i n g an d c ol d as th at o f a

,

,

se r pe n t So t he gypsi e s fr o m t he m e r e fact o f b e i n g wan de r e r s an d o ut o

.
,
f -

d o or s liv e r s i n wild pl ace s be came wild l o oki n g an d wh e n aske d if th e y

,
-
,

d id n o t associ at e with t he d e vils wh o dwe ll in t he de s e r t p lace s ad mit t e d ,

 TH E OR I GL V OF
WI TCH CRA FZ } SE A MA NI SM , A ND SOR CER Y .
3

t he so ft imp e achme n t an d bei n g further question ed as t o whe ther their

,

fr ie n ds t he d e vils fair i e s elve s an d gobli n s had n o t t aught them ho w to tell

, , ,

t he fut ure they plead e d guilty an d n di n g that it p aid we ll we n t to work i n

, , ,

t h e ir s m an d p artic ul ar ly thei r pec un i ary

"
all wa to improve th e ir sci e n ce
y ,

r e so ur ces It was an e asy calli n g ; it re q uir ed n o pr op e r ty or properties

.
,

n either c apit al n o r c apitol S hi n e r s n o r shr i n e s where i n to work t he oracle

, , .

A n d as I beli e ve th at a com pan y o f childre n le ft e n tire ly to thems e lves

w ould for m an d gro w up with a l an guage which in a ve r y fe w years would be
s p o ke n ue n t l so I am cer t ai n th at the sh ades o f n ight an d fe ar p ai n an d
I
y , , , ,

light n i n g an d myste ry wo uld p r oduc e i n the s ame time con ception s o f dr e aded
be i n gs re sulti n g r st in de mo n ol ogy an d then in the fan ci e d ar t of drivi n g
,

d evils away For o ut o f my own childish e xperie n ces an d me m o ries I ret ai n

.

with absol ute acc uracy m ater ial e n ough to de cl ar e th at witho ut an y ai d from
o th e r peopl e t he out h i l mi n d fo r ms for itsel f stran ge an d se emi n gly super
y
n at ural ph e n o me n a A tree or bush wavi n g in the n ight bre e ze by m oo n
.

l ig ht is perh aps mist ake n for a gre at man the me r e re petitio n o f t he sight or ,

o f its memor y m ak e it a p e rso n al r e ality

-
O n ce when I was a child powerful .

d oses o f qui n i n e caus e d a pe culi ar th r ob i n my car which I for some time

b eli e ve d was t he soun d o f som e body con ti n ually walki n g upstairs Very
'

y o u n g child r e n s o m e times im agi n e i n visibl e pl aym ates or c o mpan io n s t alk

w ith them an d act ually believe th at t he un see n talk to th e m in r e t ur n

,
I .

mysel f k n e w a small bo y who had as he si n c e re ly beli e ved such a comp an ion , , ,

w hom he c alle d B ill an d whe n he could n o t un ders tan d his l e sson s he con
,

s ult e d the myst e r io us W illi am who e xpl ai n ed the m to him The re ar e , .

c hildr e n who by t he vol un t ary o r i n vol u n t ary exe rcise o f vis ual erc e ptio n
, p
o r volition al e e memo r y 2 r e prod uce or create im ages which they i magi n e
y
-
,

Vi dext m e ly i t sti g p p
an e re Th O igi of L g u g s
n ere d t he A n ti qu ity
n a er on

e r n an a e an

o f S p e ki g M
a n by H ti H l e an , P c e di gs f t h e A m r ic

or a A ss ci ti
o f a t he
. ro e n o e an o a on or

A dv a c e m e n t f S ci e c v l xxv I i g o st u di e s f m y y s b by
]

n o A h d w n t e, o . f . a S a ,
o n or an e ar o

t lk
a d j g s l g g
an ar on ive d t M H l e s c cl usi s I w st ish d t l e
, on a o ar r a th t r. a

on on , as a on e o ar n a

t h e y h ve b
a S O c tly f m d by
een yb dy
re en or e an o .

Vi d P ctic l Ed u c ti
e ra by C G L l d (Lo do : Whitt k e r n d CO
a a on ,

. . e an n n a a .,

i whic h this f c u lt y is fu lly disc u ss e d pp 1 8 4 2 1 3

n a , .
-
.
 G YP SY S OR CE R Y .

to be real an d t his fac ulty is m uch c o mmon e r than is S upposed I n fact I

,
.

be li e v e th at whe r e it exists in most r e mar kabl e de gr e e s t he adults to wh o m

t he childr en descr ib e th e i r visi o n s dismiss them as fan ci e s or false h o ods .

E ve n in t he v e r y e xt r aordi n ar y case s r e cor de d by Pr o fe ssor HA L E i n which ,

li t tl e children for m e d for the mse lve s Spon tan eously a l an g uage in whic h th e y
co n ve rse d ue n tly n e ither the ir pare n ts n or an ybody e lse appears t o h ave
,

t ake n the least i n t e r est i n t he m atte r H owe ve r t he fact be i n g th at b abe s

.
,

ca n for m for th e mselv e s sup e r n at ur al con c e pti on s a n d e mbr yo mythol o gi e s ,

an d as th e y al ways do attribut e to S t r an ge or te r ribl e looki n g ers on s p o we r

p
-

which t he l at t e r do n o t possess it is e asy witho ut goi n g further t o un de r

, , ,

stan d why a wild I n di an gypsy with e ye s like a de mo n whe n e xcite d an d

, ,

u n e arthly looki n g at his c almest shou ld h av e b e e n s uppos e d to b e a so r

-
,

ce rer by cre dul ous child like vill age r s A ll of this I b e li e ve might h ave
-
.

t aken place or r e ally did t ake pl ace i n the v ery d awn of m an s e xist e n c e as
, ,

a r atio n al c r e at ur e that as soo n as the fr on tal co n vol utio n of the br ai n

which mo n ke ys do n o t po ssess had begun with t he
, ge n i al tube rc ul e ,

e sse n ti al t o l an guag e t o de v e lop itse l f the n also c e r t ai n othe r co n vol u ti o n s

, ,

an d t ub e r c u l e s n o t as y e t discov e r e d b ut which a d i n t er i m I will c all

, , t he

ghost m akin g be gan t o act

-
,

e .

n ,

G n ial the y certai ly we r e n ot littl e j o y
an d m u ch sorr w o has m an
g o t o ut o f his sp e ct r o f aci e nt a p ar at us
p

p er -

haps if i t an d t a ll: ar e corr e l ativ e he might as we ll m an y a time h av e b e e n , ,

bett e r o if he we r e dumb
"
,
.

So out of t he e ar liest time i n t he v e ry t wo o cl o ck o f a misty m o r n i n g

in hist ory m , an c ame forth beli e vi n g i n n on e xiste n t te r r or s an d e vils as -

so o n as he could t al k an d talki n g abou t them as fast as he form e d the m

, .

Lo n g be for e t he con ce ption of an ythi n g good or b e n e ce n t or of a He ave n l y ,

Fathe r or ben e vole n t an ge ls c am e t o him he was sc are d wi t h n ightm ar e s an d

,

spirits of death an d dar k n ess h e ll h un ge r tor tur e an d t e r r or W e all

, , , , .

kn ow how dif c ult it is for m an y pe ople when some on e die s out o f a h o use
hold t o ge t over t he i n vol un tar y fe e li n g th at we shall un e xpecte dly me e t
the de p arted i n t he usual h aun ts I n almost e v e r y family the r e is a r e co r d
'

ho w some on e has he a r d a vo ice the y ca

n n o t h e ar or the dead sp e aki n
g ,
 THE OR I GI N OF WI TCH CRA FT; SH A MA NI SJI ,
A ND SOR CE R Y .
5

in the famili ar t on es He n ce t he belie f in ghosts as soo n as me n be gan t o

.
,

c ar e for de ath at al l or to miss those who had go n e So r st of all c ame

, .

ter r ors an d spe ctr e s or r e ven a n t s an d fr om se tti n g out food for t he l atter
, , ,

which was the most obvious an d chil dlike man n e r to p le ase th e m grew ,

sacr ices to e vil spirits an d n ally t he whol e system of sacr ice in all it s
,

e l aboratio n .

It may th e re fore be con cluded th at as soo n as man began to thi n k an d

speak an d fe ar t he myst e r ious he also be gan t o appease gho sts an d b ugbe ars
,

by sacr ices . r
Then th e e s prun g up at on ce q uite as e ar ly t he magn s or ,

t he cle ver er man who had the wit to do t he sacrici n g an d eat the m e at s
,

sacriced an d expl ai n th at he had arran g e d it all priv at e ly with the d e ad an d

,

the de vils H k n e w all about t he m an d b e could d r ive the m away Thi s

.
e
,
. .

was the S h aman H e se e ms to h ave had a Tart ar Mon gol mo n gr e l T uran i an

.
- - -

or igi n somewher e i n Ce n tr al A si a, an d to have sp r ead with his m agic dr um

, ,

an d son gs an d sti n ki n g smoke

, exor cisi n g his e n ds all ove r t he face of
,

the e arth ev e n as his de sce n dan t Ge n e r al B ooth with his devil driver s
, , ,
-

is doi n g at t he prese n t day But t he e arli e st authe n tic records of Shaman ism
.

ar e to b e foun d i n the A cc adi an proto Chal daean an d B abylon r ecords , .

Accor di n g to it all dise ases wh at e ver as we ll as all disast e rs we r e directl y , ,

t he wor k of e vil spi r its which we re to b e d r ive n away by son gs o f e xo r cism

m
, ,

bur n i n g of pe rfume s or e vil smelli n g drugs an d per for i n g ce r e mon ies

-
, ,

m an y of which with scraps of t he e xo r cisms ar e foun d i n famili ar use

,

h e r e an d the r e at t he prese n t day Most im portan t o f all in it was t he .

.

e xtr aordi n ary i n uen ce o f t he S h am an hims e l f o n his p ati e n t f h m d

o r e a e ,

t he o n e act e d on sle e or w ake fr ee d him o m m an y pp ar e n tly di r e

p a
'

disorde r s i n a mi n ute amo n g oth e rs of e pil e psies which we re b e lieved t o

-

be cause d by d e v ils dwe lli n g i n man t he n e arest an d l ate st e xpl an atio n o f

which magic po we r is give n i n th at ver y re m arkabl e book Psycho ,

The rapeutics o r Tre atme n t by S leep an d Suggestion
, by C L L O Y D ,
.

T U C K EY M D ( Lo n do n : Baillie r e an d Co
, . . which I comme n d t o .
,

all erso n s i n t e reste d i n e th n ology as c asti n g light o n some of the most

p

i n te re stin g an d perpl e xi n g problems o f h uman ity an d especi ally of m agic ,
.
6 G YP SY SOR CER Y .

It would se e m at l e ast amo n g t he Lapl an de rs Fi n n s E skimo an d

, , , ,

R e d I n di an s th at t he fi r st st age o f S ham an ism was a v e r y horrible witch

,

c r aft practise d chi e y by wo m e n i n which at tempts we re m ade t o con ci lza t e

'

, ,

t he e vil spi r its ; t he m ean s e mployed e mbr aci n g ever ythi n g whic h could

r e volt an d st ar tl e b arb ar o us m en Thus fragmen ts o f de ad bodi e s an d

.

poison an d un h e ar d o f t e r rors an d cr imes for med its basis I thi n k it ve ry

,
-
.

r o b abl e t h t this w t h p imitive r ligio mo n g sav age s e v e r y wh e r e

p a a s e r e n a .

A n imm e n se amoun t o f it i n its vilest con ce iv abl e for ms stil l exists amon g
n e gr oes as Voodoo .

A ft e r a time this primiti ve witchc r aft or voodooism had its r efor me r s

pr o bably brave an d s hr ewd me n who co nj e ctur e d t hat t he power s o f e vil
,

might be e xpl o ite d t o advan t age The re is gr eat co n fusio n an d littl e

.

kn o wl e dge as y e t as r e gards pr imitive man b ut till we k n o w be tte r we ,

may r oughly assume t h at witch v oodooism was the r e ligion of the p e opl e
-

o f the p al e o lithic pe r iod i f th e y could t alk at all si n ce lan g uage is d e n ied

, ,

to t he me n o f t he Nean der th al Can stadt Egn ishe i m an d Po dha v a typ e

, , , .

A ll th at we can de cl ar e with so me c e r t ai n ty is th at we n d t he advan ce d

Shaman ism the r e ligio n o f the e ar ly Tur an i an r ace s amo n g who se de sce n ,

d an ts an d oth e r p e ople allied to th e m it e xists to this day

, , The gr an dest .

i n cide n t i n t he histor y o f human ity is t he appe ar an ce o f t he Man o f Cr o

mag n on H e it was who foun ded what M D E Q U A T R EEA G ES c alls a
. .

m agn ice n t r ace pr obably o n e which sp e e dily d e ve lope d a high ci vili

,

a stio n , an d a r e n ed r e ligion But t he old S h am an ism with its amulet s

.
,

e x orcisms an d smok e
, its n oise s m or e or less m usical o f dr ums an d
, , ,

e n ch an t e d bells an d i t s m
, ai n be li e f th at al l t he ills o f li fe c am e fr om t he

a ctio n o f e vil spi r its was d e e ply,

b ase d am on g the i n fe r io r r ace s an d the
i n fe r ior scion s o f t he Cr o magn o n stock cl u n g to it i n for ms m or e or
le ss modi e d Just as t he e ar li e r witchcraft or t he wor ship an d con ciliat io n
.
,

o f e vil , ov e rl appe d i n m an y pl ace s t he n e we r Sh am an ism so the l att e r ,

o v e r l app e d the b eauti fu l N at ur e wor ship o f t he e ar ly A r y an s

- t he st ately ,

mon othe ism o f t he Sh e mite s an d t he ot he r more advan ce d or i n ge n iou s

,

d e v e lopme n ts o f t he ide a of a creative cause The re ar e in fact eve n .

, ,
38 G YP S Y SOR CE R Y .

millio n s o f e d ucat e d peopl e at pre se n t c an n ot b e b r ought to un d e rst an d

th at all thi n gs to which t hey ar e use d ar e n ot bas e d o n imm utable l aws
of n at ure an d
,
m ust n e e ds b e e t e r n al The y will n d it h ard to
.

c omp r e h e n d th at the r e can e ve r be an y ki n d o f po e t r y ar t or se n time n t , , ,

u tt e r ly di ffe r e n t fr om th at to which t hey an d the ir an ce sto rs h ave be e n

acc ustom e d Ye t it is clear an d pl ai n b e for e the m this Ne w Era looki n g
.
, ,

the m di r e ctly in the fac e about to ushe r i n a r e for m ation comp ar e d to

,

which all t he re for m atio n s an d re vol utio n s an d n e w r e ligio n s which t he

w or ld has e ve r see n we re as n o thi n g an d t he childr e n ar e bor n who

will se e mor e th an the b e gi n n i n g o f it .

I n t he n e xt chapte r I will e xami n e the Sh am an ic sp e lls an d c har ms

s till us e d amo n g c e rt ai n gypsi e s Fo r be it obse r ved all the gypsy m agic
.
, ,

a n d sorce r y he e describ d is p r ly
r e u e S ha ma n i c that is t o say of t he most ,

primi t iv e Tar t ar type an d it is t he mor e i n te r e sti n g as hav i n g prese r ve d
f r om pr e hist or ic times m an y of t he most m arke d ch ar act e r istics o f t he
w orld s rst m agic o r r eli gio n

It tr eats e v e r y disease disorde r trouble
.
, , ,

or ali cr i o n as t he wo r k o f an e vil spirit ; it att e mpts t o b an ish th e s e

i n ue n ce s by t he aid of cer e mon ies m an y of which by t he disgusti n g an d
, ,

si n gul ar n at ur e o f t he i n gr e di e n ts e mpl o ye d S ho w t he li n ge r i n g i n ue n ce s
,

o f the bl a c k witchc r aft which p r e c e d e d Sh am an ism ; an d it i n vok e s favo ur abl e

s upe r n at ur al age n ci e s s uch as t he spi r its o f t he air an d Mashmur dalo the

,

,

gi an t o f t he for e sts I n additio n t o this th e r e will b e fou n d t o be cl e ar ly

.

an d un mist ak ably associ at e d with all th e i r us ag e s symbols an d thi n gs n e arly ,

co n n e cte d with much which is t o b e foun d in Gree k Rom an an d I n di an , ,

mythology or symbolism . Now whethe r this was dr awn fr om c lassic

sour ces or whe the r all c ame fr om so me an cien t an d obsc ur e or igi n can n ot
, ,

n o w b e acc ur at e ly deter mi n e d B ut it cer tai n ly ca n n ot b e d e n ied th at

.

Folk lore o f this ki n d c asts a gr e at d e al of light o n t he e ar ly histor y o f

-

man ki n d an d t he grad ual un foldi n g o r e vol ution o f r e ligio n an d o f mi n d

,
-

a n d th at i f i n te llige n tly studi e d this o f the gypsi e s is as importan t as

, ,

an ch apt e r i n t he gr an d work
y .

The gypsi e s c ame histor ically spe aki n g ve ry r e cen tly fr om I n di a

, , .
 THE OR I GI N OF WI TCH CR A FT, SHA MA NI SM A ND SOR CER Y .
9

It has b e e n so car e fully obs e r v e d as it might that all I n di an s ar e n o t

n ot

o f the r e ligio n o f B r ahm a much l e ss o f B uddh a or o f Maho mme d an d , ,

that am o n g t he l owe r c ast e s t he pr imazval Alt aic Sham an ism with e v e n , ,

e ar li e r witchcr aft still holds its o wn W itchc r aft or V o odoo or O bi

,
.
, , ,

r e li e s g r e atly o n poison i n g for its m agic an d t he r st gypsi e s we r e s aid ,

t o pois o n u n scr up ul o usly Ev e n t o this day the r e is but o n e wor d .

with th e m as with m an y H i n do os fo r both medici n e an d pois on i d est

dr a b H o w exactly this for m o f witchcr aft an d Sh am an ism e xists to
.

day in I n di a app e ar s fr o m t he fo llowi n g e xt r act fr om The St 7am

es s .

Ga z et t e Se pt e mbe r 8 1 8 8 8
, ,

T HE HI NDOO P RI ES T .

I di a t h e j doo wall ah o e x or cist th ive s p c e ; an d n o won d r fo r is n o t t h

In n , a -
,
r , r s a e ,

l owe c st e Hi n doo c omm u n i t y bh u t o d m o n idde n ? Eve r y vill g e g r v e ya d b u n i n g

r- a , r e -
r a ,
a r ,
r

gh at h s its spe ci l bh u t or bh u ts ; an d t h e j doo w ll ah is t he e thly m e di t or b e twe e n

, a a a -
a ar a

th e i b h ut ships n d t he c omm on folk The e x or cist is u s u lly t he S pi r it u l dvis e r t o

r a . a a a

t h e p op u l ti on o f a l w c st e vill age an d is k n wn as a g or oo o pr i e st : t h at is t o
a o -
a ,
o o ,
r

sa
y , h e p o fe ss e s t or h o ld c o mm u n e w ith t h e spi r its f d e fu n ct H i n d o s w hich h ave o o

q ualie d f r th e i r u n i qu e p ositi n i n t he o th e r wo ldby th e i i n i qu ity i n this o n e pe

o o r r ,
r

h aps Eve y Hi n doo h as a g u r di n bh u t t h at r e qu i e s pr piti ati n g an d t he goor o i

. r a a r o , o s

t he m e di u m .

Am on gst t h e Jaisw r s an d o th e low c ast e Hi n doos c ast e is r e g u l at e d by c ar n al pic e

a r -
, ,

an d a man is disti n g u ish d m o gs t t he m by a e g u l t e d m o e t a y sc l e O n e p

e a n r a n r a . e r so n

m y b e a I 4 n n c st e man whil e a oth e r may on ly b e

a -
a a a I a an n c st e m n Doe s
n a -
a a a .

t he I a an n a c st e man
-
w ish t o s u pe r s e d e t he I 4 n
a c st e m th e n he c n s u lts -
a na a an , o

t he g or o o wh w ill i
o, c o sid e r ati o of
o , n c e r tai n c n t ib u ti n pr om t e h i m t o a
n n a o r o , o

h igh e r c st e g r ade
-
a A m on y e d m n h a i n g qu alms ab ou t his fu t u e st te sh ou ld j oi
. e a v r a n

th e
J i wa s
r s w h e a
e a t l,e st h e w ro u ld h a v e an app o r t u n ity o f u t ili z i n g his sp r e c sh o a a

for t h e g oo d o f his s o u l Th e ag e g oo r oo . will b e n ly t oo gl ad t

e av r pr c u r e him o o o

e ve r l sti n g gl o r y for a m
a att e r o f fe w r u p e e s a .

Th e g oo o th e n s e v e s as r e g u l ato f t he l we r c aste Hi n doo syst m B ut it is

r o, ,
r r o o
.
-
e .

o u r i t n ti on t o e xhibit him i n his p e c u li a

n e p ositi on f e x or cist g e n e r al t t he p e pl e r o -
o o .

T his will p e h aps b e b e st e xpl i n e d by

r cc u n t f t he c as e o f on e K l oo K l o
a an a o o a . a o

w as a g r ass c u tt e r an d h d be e n -
,
ffe n d e d by K asi a b o th e r gr ss c u tt
o K si it , a r a -
er . a ,

app e ar s h ad st l e n K al oo s qu ilt n e n ight d u r i n g his t e mp r y abs e n c e at a e ighb o u i n g

, o o or a n r

li qu or shOp Kal oo on his e t u r n n di n g his qu ilt g n e aise d :t he hue n d c y ; an d

-
.
,
r ,
o , r -
a -
r

M l oo th e vill g e polic e m an tr ac e d t h e r obbe r y t o K si s h u t

oo , a ,
Ye t i spit e f this a

.
, n o

dam n i n g p oo f t h e vill g e p n cbay e t or b e n ch o f m agistr t e s d e cid e d th t a K al oo

r , a a ,
a , a ,
s
 I O G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

c ld t sw t t h x ct c l u f
ou no e ar o e e w a o o r o his l ost qu iltK al oo as
c ol o u r bli n d i t c o u ld
-

no t p ssibly b o his A yh w K l k pt K si i vi e w d hit u p

e . n o ,
pl t d him a oo e a n an on a an o o

a g i v u s b dily i j u y S c pi g t g th
r e o o n f w u p e s h e we t t
r . ra th vill g e g
n o e er a e r e ,
n o e a oo r oo

an d p mis d th t w thy
ro e ew d i f h w u ld ly x cis e t he bh u ts d g t th m
a or a r ar e o on e or an e e

t o m k K si s liv b d T h g

a e a

i c sid ti
er a f e
.

u p e s c sh p mis d
e oo r oo, n on era on o v r e a ,
ro e

c mpli c S O th t ig h t we d t h g
o an e . a b u sy w ith s d l w d d pig s bl d
n n e oor oo an a -
oo an

oo

p piti ti g t h
ro a ighb u i g bh u ts N dl s t y th t K i h d i
n e ne o r n ve y sh t sp c e . ee e s o sa a as a n a r or a

o f tim ll t h
e sympt ms f liv c mpl i t Wh th t h bh u ts g
a e o o K si b d liv
er o a n . e er e a ve a a a er

or th g e g v him f w d s s f p is is qu sti
o or o o a e a A n yh w K si s
e o e di d o o on a e on . o ,
a oo n e .

A noth c s i p i t is th t f A kut i A ku t i w
er a e n o n ti d c u t s wh h d l g
a o . as a re re o r e an o a on

p li d
e
p a t bl tr d ro
e i t h aci t y We d a h h w v
n t h e r e tiv vill g f . e n e r, o e er, a na e a e o

R mghu
a t he wi f r, f B lu B lu s e
g t
o ti d on ef his A k ut i a nd l . g d f t he a oon o re o , a on e or

c t ts f h S t g b wh i h k pt h u pe e s b c l t
on e n o er r on ox s e i gs d th
ere n S e e er r ,
r a e e s, no -
r n , an o er

v l u bl s T his w
a a e . th wk w d m tt f
as a r a B l u f A kut i w S till i t he p im
er a ar a er or a , or as n r e

o f li f B l u cc di gly i t t h g
e . a a or d wa ts A ku t i liv
n v s s m ad b d
N thi g
e o or o o an n

s er e a . o n

ea si e r,s ys t h g

a up s
e B lu h
oo r oo : c k d with u t his h st h w v

ve r ee .

a as r e on e o o , o e er

for th g e g l spir i t u l dvis t t h Ramghu c mm u ity visits A kut i d

o o r oo, as en era a a er o e r o n ,
an

te l ls h f B l u s littl e sch m e
er o a N tu lly B l u s liv is s o

ie d cli fo A kut i
. a ra a

er on n a e n e, r

s

ten u p s w e p u t i t he pp sit sid f t he g

r ee er n s sc l s o o e e o o or o o

a e .

K v s f th g na e g u s u ish i I di
o e oo r o od wh th i d p t
en o u r n n a, an en e r Is O SI I o n I s VI cI o s

th e d m g th y c d is pp lli g Th t th s e p i sts xist d d s u c h thi gs

a a e e an o a a n . a e r e e an o n as

I h v ill u st t d is b y d qu sti
a e ra e A k y tiv
e f
on I di his vi w es t hon bh u t . s an na e o n a e on e

qu sti e ond h w ill t ll y u th t th

, an e e s u ch thi gs e d fu th o th t t he g a is t h
e r e ar n , an , r e r, a o or oo e

on ly on ebl t l y th m a te sp k Acc di g t t h l w c st Hi d t h bh u t is
o a e , so o ea . or n o e o -
a e n o o, e a

spit ful c t u w hich qu i s c st t s u ppli s f li q u

e rea re re d p k; re th wise i t will
on an e o or an or o er

w r ea k its v g c th en f g t fu l v t y wh
e an e on gl cts t h s u pply A st g id
e or e o ar o ne e e . r an e e a,

too , is t his f p k b i g pl si g t t h bh u ts ; b u t w h it is e m mb d th t t h
o or e n ea n o e en r e ere a e

J i
a sw C
ar s, h m s d O t h a l w c st ar H ,
i d s
an i di t ly er f d f t
o h t m
-
t a e n oo ar e n or na e on o a ea

th ms lv s th y
e e e ight i s u pp si g pig t b e t h f v u it di h f t h bh u t s w h
, e ar e r n o n o e a o r e s o e , o,

a ft er ll a b u t t h d p t d spi its f th e i w p pl
, ar e e e ar eN t u lly M i ( b th ) r o r o n eo e. a ra a ro er

Kl a oo, o/ i ( sist
or E glish gypsy p ) A kut i t h qu d m g ss c u tt
er s n e r, n d c u t s en , e on a ra -
er an o r e an

o f R mghu vill g
a wh i
r th is li f lik d thi g b tt th
a e, o n pi c f b c d e e no n e er an a e e o a on an a

d m f spi its will i th i st t f b hut h d h k

ra o r , , n ft th s thi gs S till Ac ti g
e r a e o oo an er a er o e n . n

on th e s ti s f t h p pl t h g
e no on liv s d th iv s e xc e di gly
o e eo e, e o or oo e an r e e n .

this th e r e is n othi n g H i n doo n othi n g of t he V e das

Ye t o f all , .

It is all pr e A ryan de vil wor shippi n g po i son i n g an d Tur an i an ; an d it

-
,
-
, ,

is e x actly like voodooi n g i n Phil ade lphi a or an y othe r city in A me ri ca .

It is t he old faith which cam e b e for e all which e xiste d thr ough an d ,

un de r B r ahmi n ism B uddhism an d M aho mme dan i sm an d which as is w e ll

, , , ,
 TH E OR I GI N OF WI TCH CR A FI ; SH A MA NI SJII , A ND SOR CER Y . 1 1

kn o wn , has cr opped out agai n an d our ish e s v igor o usly un de r Br itish

tol e ratio n A n d t his is the faith which for ms the b as is o f Eur opean
.

gypsy sor ce r y as it did of yor e th at of t he Chaldasan an d Etr uri an

, ,

which still s ur vi v e i n t he witchcr aft of t he Tuscan Ro mag n a E ver y .

gyps y who c ame to Eur ope a fe w cen t uries ago set up as a goo r oo ,

a n d did his sor c e r ies afte r the same an ti que fashion E ve n to d ay it is .

m uch the sam e b ut with far less cr im e

,
B ut the bhut o r m alig n an t
.

s pi r it is un de r oth e r n ame s still believed i n Still doctor ed by gypsi e s

, ,
:
,

with h e r bs an d smoke an d ,
b e r hymed like an Ir ish r at
-
a n d co nj ur e d
,

i n to hol e s b o r ed i n t r ee s an d wafte d away i n to r u n n i n g stre ams

, ,

an d n ai ve ly impl or e d t o go whe r e he is wan ted t o wh e r e he was
,

n ur s e d, an d to n o lon ge r both e r ho n e st folk who ar e tire d o f him .

A n d for all t his the con di n g vill ager m ust pay t he gypsy wise wom an -

so m uch mo n i e s as it was i n t he begi n n i n g an d is n o w i n good

faith amo n g million s i n E ur ope who ar e i n a m uch be tter cl ass o f
soci e ty . A n d fr om this poi n t o f vi e w I v e n t ur e to say th at the r e is
n o t a ch arm o r spe ll se t do wn i n this wor k o r e xtan t which will n o t be

d eeply i n te resti n g t o e v e r y S i n c e r e st ude n t o f t he histor y o f c ultur e Le t .

me h owev e r say in this b e gi n n i n g on ce for all th at I have on ly giv e n

, ,

speci m en s s uf ci e n t to ill ust r ate my vi e ws fo r my pr escribed limits qu ite

,

forbid t he i n t r oductio n o f all the gypsy c ur e s spells & c which I h ave, , .

,

c ollecte d .
 CH APTE R I I .

C H AR M S A ND CONJURA T I O N S TO C UR E TH E D I S O R D ER S OF G R OW N P E O P L E .

H U NG AR IA N G YP SY MAGI C .

O U GH li abl e to m an y
n ot

disor de r s t he gypsi e s i n
,

Easte r n E urope fr om th e i r ,

wan de r i n g o ut O f doors
,
-

li fe an d c ampi n g by
,

m ar she s an d pools wh e r e
t he r e is m al ar i a suffe r a gr e at
,

de al fr om fe v e r s which i n th e i r
,

si m pl e syste m of m e dici n e ar e
d iv ide d i n to t he shi la le
c hills or
cold an d t he t at e
s/

zi lal i
y ,

hot c-
o ld o r f
,
e v e r an d

g
a ue . F or the fo r mer t he ,

fo l lowi n g r e m e dy is appli e d
T hr e e l un gs an d th r ee liv e r s
o f frogs ar e dr i e d an d po wd e r e d

an d d r u n k i n spi r its afte r whic h ,

t he sick man or wom an sa y s

 CH A R M S TO C UR E DI SOR DER S OF GR O WN O
P E PLE . 1 3

Cuc ke r dy a pal mr e pe r

Gi ve n s ave mi se ce !
Ouc ke r dy a pal mr e pe r

De n mi se ce ske dr om odr y p re a l

F r ogs i n my b e lly
De vo u r wh t is b ad !
a

F gs i n my be lly
ro

S h w t h e e vil th e w y
o a ou t !

By t he e vilis un de r sto od e vil spi r its A ccor di n g to the o ld .

S haman ic b e li e f which was t he p r im e val r e ligion o f all man ki n d e ver y

, ,

dise ase is caused by an e vil S pi r it which e n te r s t he body an d can o n ly

b e d r iv e n out by m agic W e h ave abun dan t tr ac e s o f this l e ft i n our
.

highest civiliz ation an d r e ligi o n amo n g p e opl e who grav e ly attribute e ve r y

e vi l to t he d e vil i n stead of t he un avoidable an tagon isms of n ature .

Nothi n g is mor e app ar e n t i n t he Ne w Te stam e n t th an that all dise ase s

we r e an ci e n tly r e gar de d as comi n g fr o m d e vils or e vi l occ ult S pi r itual , ,

i n ue n ce s the i r n e gative or c ur e bei n g holi n ess i n some form This the

, .

J e ws i f the y did n ot l e ar n it fr om the A ssy r i an s i n the r st pl ac e had

, ,

c e r t ai n ly st udi e d de e ply i n B abylo n wh e r e it for m e d t he gr e at n atio n al

,

c ult. It was t he de vil put it i n to my head says t he cr imi n al ; an d ,

t he r e is n o t a poi n t o f this old so r c e r y which is n ot ear n e stly an d

se r iously advocate d by the Rom an C atholic Ch ur c h an d the p r eachers
of the Salv ati o n Army A mo n g t he A m e r ic an Re d I n di an s t he ide a
.

o f e vil spi r its is c ar r i e d to logical e x t re me s I f a pe n drops fr om our

.

n ge r s or a pe n n y r olls fr om o ur gr asp t he for m e r o f course falls on

, ,

o ur new whit e dre ss while t he l att e r n i n e time s o ut o f t e n goe s

,

di re ctl y t o t he n e ar est gr ati n g or c r ack or r at h o l e

, I av e r that it -
.

is liter ally true i f I e ver sear ch for a le tte r or pap e r it is

,

almost al ways at t he bottom o f t he r est while i n k wipe r s an d pen s

,
-

s e e m to be e n dowe d with more than mer e i n sti n ct or r e ason the y

man i fest gen i us i n con ceali n g themselve s The I n di an s havi n g obser ve d
.

this h ave come t o t he co n cl usion that it is all the work of cert ai n

I 4 GYP SY SOR CER Y .

busy little mischievous gobli n s in whi ch I to a c e rt ain e xte n t agr ee with

, , ,

t hem holdi n g h owe v e r

, ,
th at the dwe lli n g pl ace o f these de vilki n s is i n
,
-
,

o ur o wn br ai n W hat ar e our dreams b ut the acti o n o f ou r oth e r

.

mi n d or a secon d Me in my br ai n ? Ce r tai n ly it is wi t h n o will

,

or e ffo rt
,
or act of mi n e th at I go thr ough a di abolical tort ur i n g
,

n i htm ar e a d r e ad ful d r e am wh s e l ab o r at e an d s ub t l e co n structio n

g , or o e ,

b e tr ays ve r y o ft e n mor e i n ge n uity than I i n my waki n g ho urs possess .

I h av e had phil osophic al an d lite r ary dre ams t he o utli n es o f which I ,

hav e ofte n r e m e mbere d waki n g which far t r an sce n de d an ythi n g o f the

,

ki n d which I could e ve r hope to wr ite The make r of all this is n o t .

I or my will an d he is n ev e r abo ut or o n h an d whe n I a m se l f

, , ,

con scious . But i n t he i n adverte n t mom e n ts o f o blivi o n whil e wr iti n g , ,

o r while pe r for mi n
g an
y ac t this o ther I
,
or I s ( for the re
,
m a
y b e a

m ultit ude of t hem for aught I k n ow) step in an d te ase e ve n as the y

do in dr eams Now t he disti n ctio n be twe e n this o f subj e ctive de mo n s
.

acti n g obj e ctive ly an d obj e ctive or outside spirits is r e ally too n e

, ,

t o be se e n e ve n by a Darwi n i an Car pe n t e r ian H iie cke lit e a n d ther e for e

- -
,

o n e n e ed n ot be am azed th at P I E L SA B A DI S or TO MA Q U A H o f the Pass a ,

maquoddy tr ib e o r O B E A H G U M B O of Ne w O r le an s sh ould with t he se

, , ,

experi e n ces j ump at ghosts an d go bbl e rs is n ot t o be wo n dere d at ;

, ,

still less t hat they should do somethi n g t o c on cili ate or compe l the se haun t
i n g t e r r ors or ,


b uggs as t hey we r e o n ce called whe n ce bogeys It
, .

is a fact that if o n e s i n k wi per s ge t i n to t he habit of hidi n g all we

-

h ave t o do is to de liber ate l y destr oy them an d ge t othe rs or at least watch ,

the m car e fully an d they will soon be cur ed o f wan de r i n g O n the oth e r
"

, .

h an d sacrices to co n cili ate an d please n aturally occur an d t he mo r e

, ,

expe n sive these ar e the bett er ar e they suppose d to b e A n d as h um an .

bei n gs we r e o f o ld the most val uable pro per ty they wer e as n atur ally ,

supposed to be most acce pt able to the gods or by the m o n othe i sts to , , ,

God A W e st I n dian voodoo on bein g r epr oached fo r h uman sacr i c es

.

to the se rpen t an d for eati ng the bodies sl ai n r epli e d

, D o yo u , ,

believe th at the So n of God was sacr iced to save man an d do y ou n o t ,

1 6 G YP S Y SOR CER K

wh at ll t he ch an n els were thr ough which the m agic r an e r e it c ame

a

t o the m .

A n oth e r c ur e agai n st t he fe v e r is to go t o a r u n n i n g st r e am an d
cast pi e c e s of wood n i n e tim e s backwar ds i n to t he run n i n g wate r ,

repeati n g t he r hym e s

Sh illy i p re
a ,

me t u t dzi v !
Pa or i

Nah i me t u t kmv
A n dakod e p j ,
rei i
a

O do y tu t Cu i de n ,
O doy tu t f i cr n e n ,

O doy tut m y a kme n !

Mashu r dalo ssr
y r !

F ve g way f om me
e r o a r ,

I give it w at e r u n to th e e !
, ,

U n t m th o u ar t n o t d e ar
o e ,

T h e r e f e g way fr om h e r
or o a e

To wh e e th e y n u r s e d th e e
r ,

W he e th e y sh e lt e r th e e
r ,

Whe r e th e y l ove th e e ,

Masbur dalo h clp

T his is a v e r y rem arkabl e i n voc ation which t ake s us i n to true

heathen ism Mashur dlo or cor r e ctly spe aki n g Mashmur dalo ( it would
.
, , ,

be Masmr do i n E n glish gypsy ) me an s meat kill e r H e is a sylvan

,
-
.

gi an t he has his hold by wod e an d wolde as out lawe s wo n t t o do in far ,

away fo r e sts an d lo n ely rocky pl ac e s whe r e he l ur ks to catch be ast an d

,

me n in or der t o de vour them It is n e e dless t o say t o those who ar e

.

aware th at the t ast e o f whit e peopl e s e sh is like th at o f very s uper ior

chicke n an d a n e gr o s some thi n g much be tte r than gr ouse that Mash

,

mur dlo pr e fe r s like a simpl e un sophisticate d savage as he is me n to

, , ,

an im als Like the Ger m an p e asan t who re m ar ked

It s all me at an y ,

how whe n he fo un d a mouse i n his soup Mashmur dalo is n ot partic ul ar

, , .

He is t he guar di an of great tr e asu r es ; like most me n in the advan ce

 CH A RM S TO C UR E DI SORDER S OF GR O WN PE OP L E . 1 7

b usi n ess he k n ows wh e re t he mo n ey

is to be foun d un like the m he
is r e m arkably stupid an d can b e e asily che ate d o f his val uable s But if
, .

an ybody does this M or gan t e a se r vic e he is ve r y grate ful an d aids his ,

b e n e factor e it he r with a l oan or with his e n or mous st re n gth I n man y .

r e spe cts he be ar s a r e m ar kabl e r e se mbl an ce to t wo i an ts i n the A mer ic an

g

A lgo n ki n mythology e sp e ci ally to A t wa s ke n n i ges the S pi r it o f the
,
-

Forest who is e q ually powe r I l go od n at ur e d an d stupid an d to t he ,
-
, ,

C he n oo who is a c an n ib al gi an t an d ye t grat e ful t o fr i e n ds an d also to

, ,

se ver al H i n doo gods The gypsies h av e he re evide n tly fused se v e ral O r i e n tal
.

b e i n gs in to o n e This is a pr oce ss which occ ur s i n t he de cli n e o f myth

.

o l ogi e s as i n l an guage s I n t he i n fan cy of a sp e e ch as i n it s o ld age

.
, ,

man y wor ds e xp r e ssi n g di ffe r e n t ide as but which soun d so me wh at alike , ,

become a si n gl e t e rm I n E n glish gypsy I have fou n d as man y as eight

.

o r t e n H i n di wo r ds th us co n c e n tr ated i n to o n e .

A n oth e r c ur e for a fe ve r The suffe r e r goe s i n the for e st an d n ds

.

a you n g t r e e W h e n t he rst r ays o f t he r isi n g sun fall on it the patien t

.

s ha kes it with all his might an d e xcl aims

Sh i lly i , sh i lal y i p re
a
K t he t u b sh ae ,
kat h c tu b e sh !

Fe ve r
,
fe vc r , go a way
He r e sh lt th u st y
a o a . He r e sh lt
a t ho u st y !
a

It is her e pl ai n th at t he sh aki ng t he sapli n g is i n te n ded to tran sfe r

t he shake s as t he chill an d sh udd e r i n g o f t he fe v e r is c all e d i n A me ric a
, ,

t o t he t r e e .

The n the fe v e r passe s i n to t he tr e e Pe r h aps it was in this way .

t h at t he aspe n lear n e d to tr e mble But amo n g t he gypsies i n t he sou th .

o f H un g ary amo n g whom t he v acci n atio n or i n oc ul atio n o f tr ees is g r e atly

,

t he fashio n a hole is bor ed i n to the wood

, i n to which the p atien t spits ,

t hr ice
, r epe ats t he spell an d t h e n sto ps the hol e with a pl ug The
, .

b or i n g of ho l e s i n trees or t r an sfe r ri n g ill n ess to the m is also pr actise d

witho ut formul as o f speech Thu s i f while a man is lyi n g down or sittin g
.
,
1 8 G YP SY SOR CE R YZ

in the spr i n g he he ar s the so n g of t he c uckoo he b e lieves th at he wil l b e

ill all t he tim e for a ye ar t o c o me e speci ally with fe ve rs u n l e ss he goes , ,

n i n e tim e s t o a tr e e bor e s a hol e i n it an d spits i n t o it th r e e tim e s

, ,Th e n .

he is safe I n G e r m an mytho logy t he c uckoo is a bird which br i n gs b ad

.

l uck ( FR I E D R I C H ) an d the i n h abitan ts of H ait e rb ach we r e so pe r suaded o f

,

t his th at they i n t r od u c e d a praye r ag ai n st it i n to thei r ch ur ch se rvice wh e n ce ,

they got t he n ame o f c uckoos W O L F Z e itschri ft fiir Deutsch e Myth , ,

v ol i . p . . It an n oun ces t o me n the i n de li t y o f wiv e s an d t e lls ,

liste n e r s how m an y ye ars the y have t o li ve .

It is possible th at this is a r e lic o f an old for m of sac r ice o r p r oo f ,

that t he ide a occur s t o all me n o f thus m aki n g a caske t o f a t r e e The .

o cc asio n al discov e r y o f st o n e axe h e ads in v e r y old t r e e s in A m e rica

-

r e n der s this p r ob abl e A n d wh e r e t he woo d gr ows up an d e n close s the

.

obj e ct it would v e ry r ar e ly h appe n that it would e v e r be discove r e d It .

shou ld be adde d to t he pr e vi ous i n st an c e th at whe n th e y hav e cl osed t he

hol e t he Tr an s ylvan i an gypsi e s e at so me o f t he b ar k o f the n e xt t r e e
, .

A n o th e r c ur e for fe v e r is e ffe ct e d by goi n g i n t he mor n i n g b e for e

sun r ise t o t he ban k o f a st r e am an d diggi n g a hol e with some Obj e ct for
,

,

i n st n c e a k n i fe which has n e v e r b e e n use d I n to this hol e t he p ati e n t
a .
'

makes wat e r th e n lls u p t he ho l e sayi n g

, ,

k th
Sh i lly i in

:
a e

Na ! a kiya m a g
Iv n e !

Suty d i k
r an r

s i ki ma g n e

Kn k t hc hi n pat rI i
' '

Fe ve st y h e r e !
r a

D O t c om e t o me !
no

Dr y u p i d u st n ,

C m e u to me
o n

Whe n w t e r is h e r e
no a .

D r W L I SL O C K I t r an sl ates this l ast li n e

. W he n t her e is n o mor e ,

wate r in t he r ive r ,

which is ce rt ai n ly wh at is me an t W hil e water .
 CH A RM S TO C URE DI SOR DER S OF GR O WN O
P E P LE .

s or grass grows & c is a formul a common to all co un t r ies A n other

r un
, . .

cur e for fe ve r is this : the pati e n t must take a kre ut z e r an egg an d , ,

a han d ful of salt an d be fore s un r ise go with them to a cr oss road

, t hr ow -
,

t hem away b ackwar ds

.
an d repe at ,

Ki nd san s ki y mn ge avcn
t u kiy m g
a an e shi laly i
.

Wh th s thi gs g i I
en e e n a a n se e
,

F ve th etu t m r en re rn o e.

liter ally W h e n these thin gs to me come

Or ,

For the n e xt three .

d a y s the i n v alid must n ot t o uch m on e y e ggs or salt Ther e is an old , , .

MS collection of E n glish charms an d ce r e mo nie s pr o fe sse dly o f bl ack

.
.
,

w itchcraft i n which we ar e told th at i f a gir l will walk st ar k n ake d b y
,
-

The light of t h e full m o o n ro un d a e ld or a house an d cast behi n d her ,

at e ver y step a h an d ful o f s alt she will get the lov e r whom she desires , .

S al t s ays MO R ESI NU S was sac r ed t o t he i n fe rn al de iti e s an d it was

, , ,

a symbol o f the s o ul or o f li fe b e cause it p r e serv e d the b ody while i n it

, ,

( P. I T I S C U S L, eg A n t R om . ii p . Th e devil n e ve r
. e ats s.alt O n ce
. .

th er e was in Ge r man y a pe as an t who had a witch for a wi fe an d t he devil

.

i n vited th e m to supp e r But all t he dish e s we re withou t an y se aso n i n g

.
,

a n d the pea s an t de spi te all n udges an d hin ts to hold his ton gue kep t
,

c r yi n g for
-
salt A n d whe n it was br o ught an d he said
. Than k God ,
,

h e re is salt at l ast ! t he whol e Spucle or gh astly sce n e v an ish e d ( H O R S T , , ,

De mon omagie Fr an kI r r 1 8 1 8 v o l ii p
,

For a gre at deal o f
, , . . .

fur th e r i n for m atio n an d sy mbolism o n an d of salt i n cl udi n g all the views ,

of the an cie n t Rabbis an d mode r n r atio n alists o n the s ubj e ct o f Lo t s wi fe

t he r eade r ma

co n sult S ymbolik u n d Mythologie de r N at ur by J
y , .

B FR I E DR I C H W ur z bur g 1 8 5 9
.
,

Salt is put i n to love philtr e s an d ch arms
,
-

t o e n s ur e t he d ur ation o f an att achm e n t ; i n some E ast e r n coun t r ies it is

-
car r ied in a littl e b ag as an am ul e t t o pr ese rve heal t h .

A n other c ur e for fe ve r The pati e n t m ust dri n k fr om a n e w j ug

.
, ,

wate r fr om th r e e br ooks an d aft e r eve r y dri n k throw i n to the ru n n i n g

,
 o G YFS Y SOR CER Y .

str eam a han d ful of salt . The n he must m ake wate r in to t he rst an d

sa
y

K it t h e hi n sh

t ro err o !

He r e is thy h d ! ea

A t the secon d he r epeats t he sacr e d c e r e mo n y an d mur m urs

Kdt he hi n p
t ro era

He r e is thy b lly e !

A nd a gai n at the thi r d he e xcl aims

T e kat h e hi n t re

pun r .

14 t un c i i n d re p ni
A n d h er e ar e thy fe e t .

Go n ow i t
n o t he wa t er !

p assi n g fr o m o n e st r e am t o an othe r he m ust n ot loo k b ac k

B ut whil e
o n ce for the n he might b e hold t he dr e ad de mon o f t he fe ve r Which
,

follows him n e ith e r m ust he ope n his mouth e xc e pt whil e utt e r i n g t he

, ,

ch ar m for the n t he fe ve r would at o n c e e n t e r his body again through

,

t he port al th us l e ft un close d This walki n g on i n app r e he n si o n o f be holdi n g

.

t he ugly spe ct r e will r e call t o t he r e ade r a p assage i n t he A n ci e n t

M ar i n e r o f t he man who walks i n fe ar an d dr e ad
,

,

Nor t u s u d his h d
rn ar o n ea ,

F w ll h k w s
or e f ight fu l d
e no a r en

D th cl s b hi d him t d
o o e e n rea .

The wise wive s am o n g t he gypsi e s i n H un gar y hav e man y ki n ds

s alv e s for sal e t o c ur e di e r e n t disor de r s The se the y
'

o f mi r ac u lo us .

de cl ar e ar e m ade fr om t he fat o f dogs b e ar s wolve s fr ogs an d t he , , , ,

lik e . A s in all fe tish r e me di e s th e y ar e s aid t o b e o f stran ge or

r e volti n g mate r i als like t hose use d by Can idi a o f yor e t he witche s of
, ,
'

Sh ake spe ar e an d Be n Jon son an d o f B ur n s i n Tam O Shan t e r

,

.

W he n a man has be e n s t r uck by a spir it th e r e r e sults a sor e

 CH A R MS TO C UR E DI SORDER S OF GR O WN P E OP L E . aI

swelli n g or boil which is cure d by a sorce re ss as follows The patie n t

,

is put i n to a te n t by himse l f an d is giv e n dive r s dri n ks by his ,

atte n d an t ; the n she r ubs t he suffe r er with a s alve the se cr et o f which ,

is kn own on ly to he r whil e she chan ts

,

Pr e j I , pr e j ni, pr e j I ,
K iy mi se ce ske , c Odoy ;
s p t he c
Tr i an d a tu t
a a av c n ,

Tr i d j i ukl t u t Ci g
an a n ere n ,

Tr i d kc t ut Cu
an a n n ve n

Be g o n e ,
b g e bg e on , e on e

T t he Evil O e ; S t y th
o n a e re .

M y t hi ty s k s d v u th e
a r na e e o r e,

Thi ty d gs t
r th e o e ar e,

T hi ty c c ks sw ll w th e !
r o a o e

A fter this she sl aughte r s a bl ack he n splits it ope n an d l ays i t , ,

o n the boil . Th e n t he su ffe r e r m ust dr i n k wate r fr om thre e spr in gs or

riv ulets an d thr o w wood n i n e time s i n to t he r e dail y un til he is we ll
, .

B ut bl ack hen s cost mo n e y accor di n g t o W L I SL o c x I ; albe it t he gypsi e s ;

,

like t he childre n of t he Mist in Wave r l e y ar e beli e v e d to b e acquai n te d ,

with a far mor e e co n omic al an d di r ect m e th o d o f obt ai n i n g such co m

modit ie s . Th e r e for e this e xp e n siv e an d high cl ass cur e is n o t ofte n -

r esorted to ,an d wh en it is t he sor ce r e ss ge n e r ally substit ut e s som e thi n g

cheaper th an poult r y It may be h e r e obse rved that t he black he n occ u r s
.

fre q uen tly in me di e v al witch l o r e an d l e ge n d as a demo n symbol (W O L F

- -
,

Nie de rli n dische Sage n pp 6 4 7 ,

. Thus t he bon e s o f sor ce r or s tur n
,

i n to black h e n s an d chicke n s an d it is we ll if your bl ack he n die s for if She

, ,

had n ot y ou would h av e p e r ishe d i n h e r pl ac e B l ack he n s we re wall e d up i n .

castl e s as sacrice s t o t he de vil th at the walls might l o n g e n dur e he n c e t he

,

s am e fowl occur s in t he arms of t he family o f He n n e ber g ( NO R x M yth ,

o lo ie de r Volksa e n
g g , p T
. h e lor e o n this s ubj e ct is very e xte n siv e .

The followi n g rem e dy agai n st he adach e is i n ge n e r al use amo n g

Tran sylv an i an gypsies The pati e n t s h e ad is r ubbe d an d the n wash e d
.

, ,

w ith vi n e g ar or hot wate r whil e t he fo ll o wi n g ch ar m is repe at e d

2 2 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

Oh du k an d ro mr o sh e r o

The o daI d

misc ce scr o ,

A dd dikh e l kan ,
Man t u my d t m dy os ,
r s,

Mi r o sh t u m dy ! ero r ts
z

Tu n tu ! d m
at:
"

In re e .

J t u j a t u
, j d k ,
ere .

K y t u mi ; Cu id sc e s,

O do y , o do
y si ko v e s !
KO l
j p ro mr o
ush aly i n ,
A dle ske e du k b i h l

Oh p i i my h d
, a n n ea ,

T h f th
e f ll vil
a er o a e ,

L k up
oo th w! on ee no

Th u h st g
o tly p i d m
a re a a ne e,

T h u t m t t my h d
o or en es ea ,

Re m i t i
a n m ! no n e

G th u g th u g h m
o o , o o , o o e,

W h c th u Evil O didst
en e o , ne ,

Thith thith h st e !
e r, er a n

W h t ds u p
o my sh d w
rea on a o ,

To h i m b e the pai n l

I t will b e se e n th at t he p r i n cipl e o f t r eadi n g o n t he tail of t he

co at pr actise d i n I r e l an d is much o utdon e by t he gypsi e s who giv e a

h e adache t o an y o n e who so mu ch as t r e ads on th e i r sh ado ws A n d it .

i s n ot di f cult t o u n ders t an d th at as with childr e n t he rubbi n g t he

, ,

h e ad t he bathi n g it with warm wat e r or vi n eg ar an d n ally t he si n gi n g

, , , ,

a soothi n g son g may all con d uce to a c ur e The r e ade rs o f H elen s

,
.

B abies will r e m e mbe r t he c ur e s h abit ually wro ught o n B udge b y

s i n gi n g to him , Char l e y boy on e day Gypsi e s ar e i n m an y r e sp e cts .

me r e childr e n or littl e B udge s Th e r e can be n o doubt th at wher e

, .

f aith is v er y st r on g an d im agi n ati o n is li v e ly c ur e s which se em t o

, ,

border o n t he mi r ac ulous ar e o ft e n e e ct e d an d this is i n de e d t he b asis

'

, ,

o f all mi r acl e as appli e d t o r e li e v i n g bodily ai ict i o n s A ll o f this may

.b e i f n ot as y e t fully expl ai n e d by physiology at l e ast sh o wn to pr obably
, ,
 24 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

f ath e r an mo ther which h ai r s ar e b ur n t t o a po wde r an d mixe d with

d ,

t he b r ew It is r e mar kabl e that t he bean s ar e on ly use d for a b o y

. ,

t he i r obj e ct bei n g t o i n s ur e for him gre at viril e or se xual powe r T he .

be an s ays FR I E DR IC H ( Sym d
,
is an er otic symbol o r on e
. .
,

s ig n i fyi n g se x ual pl e as ur e H e n ce it was for bidde n t o t he E gyptian

.

pr i e sts the Pyth agor e an s t he pr i e sts o f J upite r i n Rome an d to t he

, , ,

Je wish high pr i e sts on c e r tai n fe stiv als But i f t he child is a gi r l .

,

t he s e e ds o f t he p u m pki n or su n owe r ar e s ubstit ut e d fo r b e an s b e cause ,

t he l att e r would m ak e he r b ar r e n .

It is an old b e li e f an d o n e wide ly sp r e ad that i f t he witch e s or

, ,

t he de vil can g a l o ck o f a n ybody s h ai r the y can wor k him e vil

et ,
.

The gypsi e s h ave t he followi n g ar ticl e s o f faith as r e g ar ds h ai r s

S hould bi r ds n d an y an d b uild them i n to the i r n e sts the man
, ,

w ho lost th e m will suffe r o m h e adach e s un til duri n g t he wan e o f

'

the moon he r ubs his h e ad with t he y olk o f e ggs an d washe s it cl e an

,

i n r u n n i n g wate r It would b e ve r y c ur ious i f this me thod of cl e an i n g

.

t he h ai r an d gi v i n g it a s o ft gl o ss so m uch i n vogue am o n g E n glish

,

l adi e s shoul d h ave or igi n ate d i n sor ce r y B e yo n d this t he suffe r e r must

,
.
,

mix some o f his h ai r s with food an d give the m t o a white dog to e at .

I f h ai r s which h ave fall e n or be e n cut away ar e fo u n d by a s n ake

an d c ar r i e d i n to its h ol e t he man fr om whom the y c ame will c o n ti n ue
,

t o l o se mor e u n til those i n t he s n ak e s n e st ar e qu it e d e c ay e d

.

I f y ou se e hu man h ai r s i n t he r o ad do n o t t r e ad o n th e m si n c e , ,

i n th at case if the y c am e from a l u n atic y o u t oo will go mad

, , , , .

Accor di n g t o MA R C ELL U S B U R DI G A L ENSI S if you pick up s o me h ai r s ,

i n t he r oad j ust be fo r e e n ter i n g a city g at e t i e o n e t o y our own h e ad an d , , ,

thr owi n g t he r e st away walk o n without looki n g be h i n d y ou y ou can

, ,

c ur e a h e adache I have foun d n ear ly t he sam e c har m for t he same

.

p ur pose in Flor en ce but accomp an i e d by t he in can tatio n which is wan t in g

,

i n MAR C EL L U S Also his cur e for h e adache with i vy o m t he h e ad o f

.
'

a stat ue which is still use d i n

,
Tusc an y with t he i n c an tation which t he
R om an omits .
 CH A R MS TO C UR E DI SORDER S OF GR O WN PE OP L E . 25

Fi n di n g a hai r h an gi n g to your coat car e fully b urn it si n c e y ou

, ,

may by SO doi n g escape i nj ur y by wit c hcr aft A n d we may r e m ar k in .

o u se e a l o n g h ai r o n a m


c o n r m atio n o f this th at whe n an s co at it is
, y
an almost c e r t ai n sig n th at he h as be e n a mo n g t h e witch e s o r is b e witch e d ,

a s t he Co un t e ss th o ught whe n she foun d o n e cli n gi n g to the b utt o n

o f he r lov e r V o n A de lst e i n
.

, as se t for th i n
, Me iste r K ar l s Ske tc h book
-
.

B ut t o be witch y o ur e n e my ge t some o f his comb e d o ut h ai r -

st e ep it i n yo ur own wat e r an d the n th r ow it

,
o n his gar m e n ts The n .

h e will h av e n o r est by n ight o r day I h ave obse r ve d th at in all

t he Tuscan char ms i n te n de d to tor me n t a foe t he obj e cts e mpl o ye d ,

a r e lik e this o f a disg usti n g n at ur e .

I f a wi fe will hold he r h usb an d to he r i n lo ve she m ust t ak e of he r ,

o wn h ai r an d bi n d it to his This m ust be don e thr e e tim e s by full mo o n

.

light .

O r i f a m aid will win t he lov e o f a yo un g man she m ust t ake o f he r ,

o wn h ai r , mix it with e ar t h fr om his footst e ps un d mischt dies e mit de m

Sp e iche l ei n e r li u ge n H un di n n auf bur n t he whol e t o powder an d so ,

n a
m ge th at the victim shall e at it which it is n e e dle ss to say it is n ot
a , ,

like ly that he will do k n owi n g what it is

, Ear th fr om the footsteps o f
.

an o n e is r e gard e d as a v e r y o we r I l m e an s o f bewitchi n g him i n It ali an

y p
an d an ci e n t so r c e r y.

I f a man bi n d t he combi n gs o f his hai r t o t he m a n e o f a st r an ge

h o r se it will be wild an d shy till t he hai r s ar e r e m o ved .

For e asy childbi r th r e d hair is se we d i n a sm all b ag an d carr i e d

o n the belly n e xt t he ski n du ri n g p r e g n an cy Re d hai r i n dic at e s good
.

luck an d is calle d bd la kci meskr o o r sun h airs whi ch i n dic ates its I n di an

-
, , ,

o r igi n .

I f an y o n e dr e am s m uch of the d e ad let him se w some o f his h air ,

i n to an old shoe an d gi ve it to an y beggar

,
The re by he will pr e v e n t e vil
.

s pirits from an n oyi n g him .

I f a child suffe r s fr om sl e e pl e ss n e ss so m e o f i t s m o th e r s hair shou ld be

sewe d i n to its wrappi n gs an d oth e rs p ulve r i z e d

,
mixe d with a de coction
,

5
26 G YFS Y SOR CER Y .

of lde r be rr i e s be give n it to dr i n k I n Ge r m
e ,
Folk lore as I shall . an -
,

show mor e fully an on t he e lde r oft e n occur s as a pl an t speci ally ide n tie d ,

with sor ce r y I n gyps y it is c all e d j a kar i be ngeskr o o r t he devil s e y e

.
, ,

from its b e r r i e s .

Nails cut o n F r iday sho uld b e burn e d an d t he ashe s mi n gle d with t he ,

fodde r o f c attl e who ar e th us e n s ur e d agai n st b e i n g S tole n or att acke d by

,

wild b e asts I f childr e n ar e dwar sh t he sam e ashe s i n the i r food wil l

.
,

m ak e the m gr o w I f a child suffe r s o m pain s i n t he st o mach a bit o f

.
'

n ail m ust b e clipped o m its e v e r y n g e r ; this is mixe d with t he dri e d

'

d un g of a foal an d t he p atie n t exposed t o t he s moke whil e it is burn e d

,
.

A child s r st tooth must wh e n it falls o u t b e th r own i n to a hollo w

, ,

tr e e . Those which come o ut i n t he se ve n th ye ar ar e car e fully ke pt an d ,

wh e n e v e r t he child suffe r s om too th ach e o n e is thr own i n to a str e am '

, .

Te eth whi c h hav e be e n b ur i e d for m an y y e ar s se r ve to m ake a si n gul ar ,

fetish The y ar e mi n gl e d with t he b o n e s o f a t r e e fr og an d t he whol e

.
-
,

th e n se we d up i n a littl e bag I f a man has an ythi n g for sal e an d wil l .

,

d r aw or r ub this bag ove r it he will h ave man y o ffe r s or c ustom e r s fo r ,

t he ar ticles t hus e n ch an t e d The b on e s ar e p r e p ar e d by pu tti n g t he frog

.

i n to a gl ass o r e ar th e n r e c e ptacl e full o f sm all hol e s This is b ur i e d i n .

an an t hill -
The an ts e n t e r t he h o les an d e at away all t he e sh l e avi n g
.
,

t he bo n e s which aft e r a fe w we e ks ar e r e mov e d .

I

To he ar h e althy an d st r o n g child r e n wome n we ar a str i n g o f b e ar s

cl aws an d child re n s t e e th Dr v o n W L I SL O C K I cite s apr opos of this

. .
, ,

a p assage fr o m JA CO B U S R U EFF V o n Empfe n gn usse n Etlich schwan ge r ,

wybe r pige n d e i n e n bar e n klaue n v o n e in e m b ar e n t ap e n y n ge fasze t

'

am h als z uo t r age n S o m e wom e n wh e n with child ar e acc ust o me d t o

(
1
I t is s id th at if t he b e s f a g e e f g which ha b e e e t e by an ts ar e
a on o r n ro s n a n

t ak n th os
e ,
t he l e ft sid e
e on w ill p r ov o k e h t e d d th s e t he r ight sid e e xcit e a r ,
an o on

l ve
o

Div c .

O e sp e ci e s f f og all e d r uoe t a b c u s e it li e s
. n o r c , e a v

a mo g b ambl e s is s id t h ave won d e ful p owe s B ught i t n ss e mbly f pe opl e

n r , a o r r . ro n o a a o

it imp s e s sil e n c e I f t he littl e b on e i n its ight sid e b e th w i n t b oili g w te r it

o . r ro n o n a

chills it at o c e I t e xcit e s l ove wh n p u t i n t a d aught ( Castl e S ai n t A n ge l o an d

n .

e o r

t h e Evil Ey e by W W STO RY) ,

. . .
 CH A RM S TO C URE DI SOR DER S OF GR O WN PE OP LE . 27

we ar mo un ted be ar s cl aws o n the ir n e cks ) I n like m an n e r boar s te e th .

w hich mu ch r ese mbl e the m ar e still v e r y c o mmo n ly wor n i n A ust r i a an d

,

Italy an d alm ost ov e r all E ur ope an d t he E ast It is but a fe w days .

s i n c e I he r e i n Flor e n c e m
,
e t with a you n g E n glish l ady who had bought
,

a v e r y lar ge o n e mo un te d in silve r as a b r ooch b ut who was u tt er ly un awar e ,

t h at th e r e was an y m e an i ng att ach e d t o i t

I have a v e r y an ci e n t be ar s .
I

t oot h an d whistle i n silv e r m e an t for a te e thi n g child It came fr om M un ich

, . .

Pai n in t he e ye s is c ur e d with a wash m ade o f spr i n g o r we ll wat e r

a n d s affr o n D ur i n g t he application t he followi n g is r e cite d
.

Oh dukh n dr l y kh

J dn dr n p i
J
R an d al r
pafIi

A d
n re safr n e

An d r
pcuv .

J
a an dr l
pcuv

K iy Pcuv ush cskm

O doy h i n c e r c,
O doy j a te
c a
.

O h, pi a n fr o m the e ys
e

Go i t
n o t he wa te r,

Go o ut o f t he wat e r
In t o t he sa r o n ,
'

Go o ut o f t he s affr on

I n to th
t he e ar .

T t h E th S pi it
o e ar -
r .

Th s t hy h m
ere o e .

Th g
ere d t o an ca .

This i n can t atio n casts light up on t he e ar li e st Sham an ic r e m e die s .

W he n it was disco v e r e d that ce r t ai n h e r bs r e ally posse sse d c ur ativ e

ualiti e s this w as att r ib ut e d t o i n h e r e n t ma i c vir t ue s
g The i n c r e ase o f
q ,
.

t h e i r p owe r by combi n i n g th e m with wat e r o r mi n gli n g th e m was due to , ,

A cc di g or t th f w l f h u g
n to P li n y th,
ck f i f t w b li ve d
t he oo o a o n to e ne o an n an as e e

to b e i i t
an m ul t g i st dis s ; d child s t th c u ght b f it f lls t
e c en a e a a n ea e an a

oo a e or e a o

t he g un d d t i
ro b c l t w c sid d t b b ci l t w m e
an se n a ra e e N t Hist
as on ere o e ene a o o n . a . .

l i b xx i
. vp 1
. 0
(
,
Ccastl S i.t A g l d
th Evil
a E y eby W W S T O
a nR Y ) n e o an e e,

. .
28 G YP SY SOR CER Y .

mystic a i n it ie s by which a spir it p assed fr om o n e to an other The Spirit .

o f Earth we n t i n to sa r o n th at o f s affro n i n to water The m agici an th us

'

.
,

by a son g se n t t he p ai n i n to its me dical af n ity an d so o n b ack to the ,

s ource whe n ce it c am e F r o m e ar ly time s saffr on as on e of t he e ar liest

.
,

owe r s of spr i n g owi n g t o its colour was c on se crate d t o magic an d love

, ,
.

Eos t he godd e ss of t he A ur or a was c alle d p xo mr l s the o n e with t he

, ,
x o r o
,

saffr o n gar m e n t The r e fore the p ublic wome n wore a y e llow robe
. Even .

i n Christi an symbolism it mean t lov e as P O R T A L I S d e cl ar es : I n the ,

Chr isti an r e ligio n t he colour s saffr on an d or an ge wer e the symb o ls of

God embr aci n g t he he ar t an d ill umi n ati n g the souls of t he faithful

De s Coul e ur s Symb o li q ue s Par is 1 8 3 7 p ,

S o we can trace
, , .

t he ch ai n fr om t he pr e historic b ar b ar o us Sham an ism pr e serv e d by t he ,

gypsies t o t he Gre e k an d om t he Gr e e k t o t he me di e val for m s t ill

, ,
'

e x i st e n t.

The same sym pathe tic proce ss o f tran smissio n may be trac e d i n t he
r em e dy fo r t he erysi e l as
p T h e blo o d of a b u ll n ch is
.

pu t i n to a n e w v e ss e l

wi th scraped e lde r bar k an d th e n l aid o n a cl o th with whic h t he e y e s ar e

-
,

boun d up ov e r n ight M e an whil e t he patie n t r e peats

.

Duy y kh hi n mn ge
Duy p u n t a hi n mn ge
Dukh dudr al y kh
J i
z n dr e
pun r

J
n dr l
p un r .

J
a i
z n dr e u
pc ,
v

Jr n dr l

a
pcuv

A n d ro me r ib e n

I h ve t w e y e s
a o ,

I h v e t wo fe e t
a ,

P ai n f om my e y e s
r

G o i n t o my fe e t !
G o f om my fe e t
r ,

G o i t t h e e a th !
n o r

G o f m t h e e ar th
ro

I n t de th
o a

We h av e here in the e lde r b ar k -

a ssoci atio n s of m agic which ar e
 CH A R M S TO C UR E DI SOR DER S OF GR O WN PE OP LE . 29

an ci e n t an d wide ly sp r e ad an d which still exist ; for at t he pr e se n t day

,

coun tr y people in Ne w E n gl an d attr ibut e to it c urative vi r tue s which it

r eally does n ot possess . Fr om t he e ar li e st t ime s amon g t he No r the r n r ace s
t he Lady E lde r as we ma l o m t he E d d F I N MA G NU SEN
-
e ar n or
, y a ,

Pr isce v e t e r um B o r e alium Myth o logi e Le xicon 21 an d

pp , ,

NYER U P W or t e r b uch de r Scan di n av ische n Mythologi e had an un

ear thly ghostly r e p ut ation
, . Gr o wi n g in l on e ly gl o omy pl ace s its form ,

an d t h e sm e ll o f its owe r s se e m e d r e p ulsiv e so th at it was associ ated ,

with death an d some d e r ived its n am e fr o m Fr au H o lle t he sorc e r e ss

, ,

a n d godd e ss o f d e ath . B ut SC H W ENK I M y thologi e de r Sl ave n wit h

mor e probability t r ace s it fr om b ob l i e hollow an d as spir its we r e belie ve d
,
. .
, ,

to d well in all h o ll ow tre es t he y we r e al ways in its joi n ts

,
The an cie n t .

Lithuan i an s he i n fo r ms us worshipped the i r go d Puschke it who was

, , ,

a for m o f Pl uto i n fe ar an d t r e mbli n g at dusk an d l e ft th e i r o ffe r i n gs u n de r

, ,
,

t he e ld e r t r e e
-
. E v e r ybody has se e n t he littl e p uppets m ade o f a pi e ce
of e lde r pith with
-
hal f a bulle t un de r them so that the y al ways st an d ,

upr i ht
g , an d j u mp u
p w h en th r own do w n A mo ng t he S lov.aks th e se

se e m to have had so me m agical applic ation Pe r haps t he ir pr iest s .

pe rsuade d the m that th e se j umpi n g J acks we r e mir acul o us for the y ,

call e d the m Piku lj k a n ame de r ive d fr o m Pe klo t he un de r wor ld

, ,
-
.

The y still b e li e ve i n a Pikulj k who is a se r van t o f t he Evil O n e

, .

H e doe s all ki n ds o f favo ur s for me n b ut e n ds by ge tti n g th e i r souls , .

The an ce stor s of the Po le s we r e acc ustomed t o b ur y all the i r si n s an d

sor r o ws un de r e ld e r t r e e s thi n ki n g that the y th e r e by gav e t o t he lower
,

wor ld w hat pr op e r ly be l o n g e d t o it This c o r r e spo n ds accur at e ly to t he

.

gypsy i n c an tati on which p asse s t he dise ase on fr om t he e lde r b ar k i n t o t he

earth an d fr om e arth u n to de ath
, Fr au E llhor n o r E ll e n was t he old
.
, ,

Ge r man n ame fo r this pl an t Fr au per haps as ap pr opr i ate t o t he

.
, ,

fe m ale e lf who dwe lt in it (

FR I E D R IC H
S ymb o lik p ,
W h e n i t , .

was n e ce ssar y to cut o n e down t he pe asan t al ways k n e lt r st b e fo r e it

,

an d p r aye d : Lad y Ellh orn give me of thy wood an d I will give the e
, ,

o f mi n e whe n it sh all g r ow i n t he fo r e st GR I M M D e utsche M y thologi e
. ,
3 0 G YP S Y SOR CER Y

c xvi ) cit e s
. M S of 1 72 7 t he followi n g : P aga n ismo or t um de bet
fr om a .

su e r st i t i o sa m b ca m n on sse e x sci n den dum n i si r i us r o a t a rm i ssi on e

p ,u e
p g p e

h i s v er bi s : Ma t er Sa m buci per mi t t e m i lzi t u e ce der e sy lv a m O n t he n

other han d Elde r had cer tai n pr ote ctive an d he ali n g virtue s H un g be for e
, .

a stable d o or it war d e d o f witchcraft an d he who pl an t e d it co n cili ated ,

e vil spirits A n d i f a t wig o f it were pl an t e d o n a grave an d it g r e w that

.
,

was a sig n that t he so ul o f the de ceased was happy whi ch is the probabl e ,

reason why t he v e ry old Je wish c e met ery i n Pr ague was pl an te d full o f e lder s .

I n a very c ur io us an d r ar e wor k e n titled Blocke sbe r ge Be r i cht un g ( Leipz ig

, ,

by J O H N PR E TO R I U S devote d to t he W itch r ide an d Sorce r y

,
-

S abb ath , t he author te lls us t hat witch e s make gr e at use o f n i n e spe ci al

n am i n lze r bi s w on et la i di o s m m

herbs p ,
u a n a v i s est
g A o n g the se .

is Elde r o f which t he pe asan ts m ake wr e aths which if th e y we ar o n

, , ,

W alpur gis n ight they can se e t he sor ce r e sse s as the y swe e p thr o ugh t he ai r
,

o n th e ir b r ooms dr ago n s goats an d oth e r str an ge ste e ds to t he I n fe r n al

, , ,

D an ce . O r wh e n the y a n der swo he r umvagi r en g o v ag abo n di n g an

y
f

Ye a an d I k n ow o n e fe l low who s war e un to me n t hat by

wh e r e e lse .
, ,

m e an s o f this h e r b he o n ce saw c e r t ai n witches ch ur n i n g butt e r b usily an d ,

t h at o n a r o o f b ut I mi str u st th at this was a se ll ( Schn a ke ) an d that t he

, ,

tr ue n am e of t his k n av e was B uty r ola mbi us B locksber g p The

,

.

same author i n for ms u s th at Hollun der (o r E lde r ) is so call e d fr o m lzolzl ,

or holl ow or e l se is an an agr am o f Un b olden u n h oly spi r its an d some

, , ,

pe ople c all it A lb ur en fr om its con n e cti o n with witch e s an d d e b auch e r y

, ,

e ve n as CO R DU S wr it e s

Wh en ld bl ss ms bl m u p n t h b ush
e er o o oo o e ,

Th en w m s h ts t s s u l pl s u
o en

u sh
e ar o en a ea re r .

cl ose s his comme n ts o n this subj e ct with t he dr y r e mar k that i f

He
t he p e opl e o f Leip z ig we ar as is th e i r wo n t gar l an ds of e lde r with t he
, ,

o bj e ct o f p r e v e n ti n g br e ach e s o f the s e v e n th c o mm an d m e n t amo n g th e m ,

it has i n this i n stan ce at l e ast utt e r ly fail e d t o p r od uce t he e xpe ct e d e ffe ct

, , .

Q uasi cr ea dt f7 udce us A pe lla

3 2 G YP SY SOR CER Y

who will come an d sit on the l e dge of t he wi n dow A n d so witches we r e .

w o n t to m ake a man o f st r aw as did Mother Go o ki n i n H awt ho r n e s

, ,

t ale , an d u n t o th e se th e y g av e li fe whe n ce t he sayi n g of a man of st raw

,

an d st r aw b ail alb e it this l att e r is de e me d

,
by some to be r e l at e d to t he
b r e aki n g o f st r aws an d of de pe n de n c e as told in t he t al e o f Charl e s t he ,

S impl e .Str aw l o r e is e xte n sive an d cur ious A s i n e ld e r st alks small

-
.
-
,

fai r i e s m ake th e i r h o me s i n its t ub e s To str e w cho pp e d straw be fo r e t he

.

hous e o f a b r ide was such an i n sult t o he r charact e r i n Ge r man y an d so , ,

c o mmo n th at l aws we r e passe d agai n st it I posse ss a wor k pr i n te d .

D aud r ar o Novis N

abo ut e n titl e d I h
16 0
5 ,
e
j
n ur n s
q ue u
pt i s i n fe r r i
so l e n t . I Pe r spar sio n e m disse ct or um culmo r um fr ugum Ger m Dusch
. . .

d as W e r cke r li n g S t r e ue n

Se c ,
A n imme n s e amo un t o f l e ar n e d q uo tatio n
.

a n d r e fe r e n c e by its au th o r i n dic at e s th at this c ustom which was i n ue n c e d

by supe r stiti on was v e ry e xte n sive ly wr itt e n o n in its tim e It was alli e d
, .

to t he bi n di n g o f kn ots an d othe r m agic ce r e mo n i e s t o pr e ve n t t he

c o n su mm ati o n o f m ar r i age s .

The r e is a v e r y cur io us pr i n ciple i n v olve d in c ur i n g ce r tai n disor de r s

or ali ct io n s by m e an s o f sp e lls or v e r se s A ce r t ai n wor d is r e pe at e d .

man y tim e s i n a my st e r ious m an n e r so that it st r ike s t he imagi n ation o f,

t he s uffe r e r Th e re is foun d in t he Sl avo n i an coun t r i e s a wooll y cate r pill ar

.

ca ll e d Walas whose bite o r r ath e r to uch is m uch dre ade d

, , I hav e myse l f , .
,

whe n a b oy be e n stun g by su ch a cr eatur e i n t he U n ited St ate s

, AS I .

r e me mb e r it was like t he sti n g o f a bee The followi n g ( Malo Russi an )

,
.

sp e ll ag ai n st it was giv e n m e by Pr o f DR A G O M A NO FF i n G e n e va It is
. .

supposed th at a c e r tai n ki n d o f dis o r de r or c ut an e ous er uption is caused , ,

b y t he W olos

W olo sn iW olosn i c h
Ho ly W olo s .

O n c e a man dr ov e o ve r e mpty
With mpty x e o en,

T o mpty ld
an e e ,

T h v st mpty c
o ar e e or n ,

A d g th
n it i mpty
a er n e Ti c ks .
 C HA R M S TO C UR E DI SO RDER S OF GR O WN PE OP LE .
33

H e ga th e r e d mpty sh v s t he e ea e ,

L id th m i
a mpty w g s
e n e a on ,

D vero mpty ds
ovc r e r oa ,

U t n mpty th shi g
o an e re n -
oo r .

Th m pty l b u s t h a h d it
e e a o re r r s e ,

A d b
n it t t h mpty mill
or e o e e .

Th mpt y b k (w m )
e e a er o an

Mixe d i t i a mpty t u gh n n e ro ,

A d b k e d it i
n a mpty v n an e o en .

Th mpty p pl t t he mpty b d
e e eo e a e e r ea .

S m y t he W l
O a sw ll w thi dis d o os a o s or er

F m t h e e mp t y
ro
( h e t h e m er na e of th e p ti e t )
a n .

W hat is here un derstood by e mpty is that t he swelli n g i s t ake n

a way , subtract ed or emptied by vi rt ue of the r epe titio n o f the wo r d as
, , ,

i f o n e should say B e thou void D epart ! de part depart ! A void me

, .

There i s a v e ry cur ious i n can t ation also app are n tly o f I n di an gypsy -

o r igi n si n ce it r e fe rs t o t he spirits o f the water who cause diseases I n

, .

t his i n st an c e they ar e suppos e d to be exorcise d by Sai n t Paph n uti us who ,

i s a l at e r S l avon i an Christi an additio n to t he old S haman ic spell

-
I n t he .

A ccadi an C halde an fo rm ul as these spi r its ar e seve n ; her e t hey are sev e n ty
-
.

The for mula i n questio n is ag ai n st t he fe ver

In m f G d d his S
t he na d t h H ly G h ost
e o o an on an e o . Ame n !
S v ty f i m ids w t u p ut f t he c
e en a r a en o o o e an .

T h y m t t h S i t P ph u ti u s wh
e e sk d
e a n a n , o a e

Wh c e c m y h M id s ?

en o e e, o a en

Th y sw d F m t h
e an e ere
e ,

ro e oc an - s a.

W g i t t h w ld t b k t he b e s f m n

e o n o e or o rea on o e .

T giv e th m t h e f v
o ( T m k eh t n d c ld ) e er. o a e o a o .

The n t he holy Paphn uti us began to beat them , an d gave them eve r y
one se ve n ty seve n days -

Th e y be g t p y O h ly P ph u ti us !
an o ra ,

o a n

F o gi u s ( d) wh e ve S h ll be with him ( t hy)

r ve , an o r a ar na me , or wr it e it him
, we will
leave in p c
ea e .

W will d p t f m him
e e ar ro

O ve t h e st e ams ve t he e a
r r , o r s .
 GYP S Y SOR CER Y .

O ve r t he r e e ds ( c an e s ) an d mar sh e s .

O holy P aph n u ti u s sua mi t e r i cor di a,

, of thy m cy er ,

Have pity on thy sl ve a , e v en on t he sick m an ( t he na m e is h e re t
ut e r e d) .

Fr e e him fr o m fv !e er

It is r emar kabl e that as a certai n myste r ious worm cat e r pill ar or

, , ,

small liz ar d ( accoun ts diffe r ) amon g the A lgon ki n In dian s is s upposed t o

be come at will a drago n or sor ce r e r or spi r it t o be i n voked or c all e d o n
, , , ,

so the W olos wor m is al so i n vok e d someti me s as a sai n t or sorce r e r an d , ,

some tim e s as a spir it who scatte r s dise ase The followi n g gypsy Sl avo n i an .
-

i n c an t ation ove r an j=i n valid has much i n common with t he old C halde an
spe lls
Wo lo sn i Wolosn i ch
, !
Th o u h o ly W olos !
G od c alls th u t his d w lli g ee n o e n ,

U t his s t
n o ea .

Th u sh lt o t
o m i h
a n re a n e re,

T b
o k t h y ll w b s
re a e e o on e .

T d i k th
o r n d bl d e re oo ,

T d y u p t h whit b ds
o r e e o .

G fo th
o r th b ight u as e r s n

G s f th v
oe orth m u ti s o er e o n a n ,

O u t f m t h s v ty s v
ro vi s e e en -
e en e n ,

O u t f m t h s v ty limbs (p ts f t h b dy )
ro e e en ar o e o .

B f e I sh ll c g i z th
e or a re o n e ee,

B f I did r m th (c ll
e or e the e )
no na e ee a on .

Bu t w I k w wh th u t ;
no no o o ar

I b g t p y t t h m th
e an o f G d ra o e o er o o ,

A d t h m th
n ef G d b eg t o id m er o o an o a e.

G o th
as wi d g s v e th m d ws n th sh oe o er e ea o or e or e

A th w v s
s e ll v t he w t s
a e ro o er a er ,

S m y th W l
o a
g f m e o os o ro

Th m e wh is b
an o or n ,

W h is c s c t d with p y
o on e ra e ra er.

The Sh aman ic wor ship o f wate r as a spi r it is e xtremely an ci e n t ,

an d is disti n ctly re c og n i ze d as such by t he for m ul as o f t he C hur ch

i n which wat e r is c all e d
this cr e at ur e . The wate r spi r i ts pl ay a
leadi n g p art i n t he gypsy mythology . The followi n g gypsy Sl ay ,
-
 CH A R M S TO C UR E DI SOR DE R S OF GR O WN P E P L E O .
35
~

charm to co n secrate a swarm of be e s was also give n

, ,
to me by
P r of DR A G O M A NO PE who had l e arn e d it o m a p e as an t
.
,

On e g es
o to t he wate r m k e s his p y
an d d g e ts t h e w te th u s
a ra er an re a r

H il t th
a W te !
o ee, a r

Th u W t
o Oli i m a e r, a .

C e t d by G d
r a e o ,

A d th u
n h E th T iti
o !
,
o ar , an a

A d y t he
n esp i gs b o ks d iv u l e ts
n e ar r n ,
r o an r ,

Th u W t
o O li a e r, an a,

T h u g st ve t h
o oe th o r e e ar ,

O ve t h righb u i g f u t i s d t e ms
e ne o r n o n a n an S r a ,

D w u t th
o n n o e se a,

T h u d st p u i fy t h
o o r e se a,

Th s d t he
e cks d t h
an , ts ro , an e r oo

I p y th
ra g t m ee r an e

O f th w t f this l k
e a er o a e,

To ai d me ,

sp i kl e my b s To r n ee .

I wi ll sp k w d ea a or ,

A d G d w ill giv m h lpn o e e e ,

Th ll h ly M th f G d
e a -
o o er o o ,

T h m th f C h ist e o er o r ,

Will id m a e,

A d t he h ly F th n o a er

Th h ly Z i m S bb t u
e d t h h ly F id y Par
o os o s, a a e s an e o r a asc ab e ah !
Wh this is s id t k t h w t
en a d ba it h m with u t l ki g b ck
e e a er an e ar o e o oo n a . Th e n
b sp i kl d th w ith

t he be e s tar e o e r n e ere .

The followi n g M lo Russi an for mul a fr o m t he same author ity
a ,

though r epoi n t e d an d gilt with G r e e k C h r isti an ity is old he athe n an d , ,

e sp e ci ally i n t e r e sti n g si n c e Pr o f DR A G O MA NO FF traces it to a Fi n n ic .

Sh am an source
C HA R M A G A N T TH E B T E OP A S ER P E NT I S I .

Th h ly V i gi s e n t m e o r n a an

U t Mou t S i n o n on ,

Up this m u t i on o n a n

I s t he city f B byl o o a n,

A d i t h city f B byl n n n e o a o

L iv e s ( Lue e V lg n o a.
3 6 G YP SY SOR CER Y .

O h Oge e n Volga
'

Why d s t th u t t c h
o o no ea

This s v t f G d er an o o

( H e r e ; t h c na m e o f th ebitt by s p t is m
on e en a er en e n t on ei d)
SO th t h m y t b bitt
a e a no e en

B y s p ts ?er en

ply of Q ce n V lg )
( The re y o a

Not on ly will I t e ach my d e sc e n dan ts

Bu t I als o will pr ost at e myse l f r

B e for e t he Lor d G d o .

lg is t h
Vo a m f l g d y h e th p i c ss f Ki f wh w b pti z d
e na e o a e en ar a en r n e o e , o as a e

an d s i t d by t h e
a n e R u ssi Ch u ch T h f mi i f m O lg an V lg c sp dr . e e n ne or ,
a, or o a, or r e on s

to t he m sc u li e ame Ol g n0 1g t h nali st l g d y ch ct e f Ki f
, Hi
or , e e ar e e en ar ar a er o e . s

s u m w V i h t chi g t h s g
rna e as ecs c wi z d d f m e c g t a et) or or erer

ar ,
an ro a o na e r oo .

I n p pul o s gs h is c ll d V lg
ar on V lkh which is
e l t e d t V lk
a e s c o a, or o , re a o o v
, a or e re r .

R u ssi ls sp k f t h V lk f F i l d wh p s t d Sh m s
Th e an an n a ea o e o v o n an , o ar e re re en e as a an .

Niy F d i i R l zi ( T diti s
a re on a d P pulas aT les

f L e ss R u ssi

by M
ra on an o ar a o er a, .

D O M NO Ki f 1 8 76 ) i R u ssi
RA G A PP, e , n an .

I have i n t he ch apte r on curi n g t he disorde r s of childr en spoke n

o f L ilith or He r odi as who ste als t he n e w b o r n i n fan ts She an d he r
, ,
-
.

t we lve daughte r s ar e also typ e s of t he di e r e n t ki n ds of fe ve r for

'

which t he gypsi e s h ave so m an y cur e s o f t he same ch ar acte r pr e cisely ,

as tho se which were used by t he old B ogomil e s The char acte r istic .

p oi n t is that this fe mal e S pi r it is e v e r ywh e r e r e gar d e d as t he c ause

o f c atal e psy or ts H e n ce t he i n voc atio n t o St Sisin ie is use d i n
. .

dr ivi n g them away T his i n voc ation wr itt e n is carried as an am ulet

.
,

or fe tish I giv e t he t r an sl ati o n o f o n e o f th e se !To m t he R oum an ian

.
,

i n which t he H oly V i r gi n is t ak e n as t he h e al e r It is agai n st c r am p .

i n t he n ight
S P E LL A G A N S T N G HT C RA M P I I -
.

Th e is mighty hill d
re a this hill is g ld ppl t , an on a o en a e- ree .

U d

th ng lder ppl t is g ld S t l
e o en a e- re e a o en oo .

O t h stn l wh sits th
e ?oo o e re

Th S its t h M th
er e f G d w ith S i t M i ; with t h
e o er b x s o o a n ar a e o e

h n d with t h e c u p i h l ft
a ,
n er e .
 CHA R M S TO C UR E DI SORDERS OF GR O WN PE OP L E .
3T

She l ks u p d s e s n u ght h l ks d wn d s e e s my L d n d L dy Dise s e

oo an e a ,
s e oo o an or a a a

L ds d L di e s C mp L d
or an d L dy V mpi e Lo d W h wolf
a d hi wi ve s
ra , or an a a r r e r an s .

The y e g i g t ar
( t h e s u ff e
) t
o nd i k his bl ood d p u
o t i him fo u l er r , o r n an n a
'

h e ar t .

Th e Mo th e r h m w t d w t th m sp k e t o t h e m
of G o d, w he n she saw t e , en o n o e , o .

an d sk e d th m
a Whith g y e L r d d L dy Di
e ,

L d d L di e s C mp &c i
er o , o an a se ase , ~
or s an a ra , .

We g t
t o dr i k hi s bl
o d t ch g hi h t t
o f ul n oo ,
o an e s e ar o a o on e .

No y e sh ll t u ; give him his bl o d b ck e st e him hi ow he t

,
a re rn d o a , r or s n ar , an

l e ave him imme di t ly a e .

Cr mps of t h a ight c mps of t h mid ight c mps of t h d y c mps wh ve
e n ,
ra e n , ra e a ,
ra e re r

th y e F m w t e f m t he wi d g ut f m t h b i f m t h ligh t f t he
ar e . ro a r, ro n ,
o o ro e ra n , ro e o

f c
a e, f m th h ro i g f t he c s f m his h t f om his h ds n d f t f m t he
e e ar n o ar , ro e ar , r an a ee ,
ro

so l e s f hi f t o s ee .

Go d hid e wh bl ck c cks v
an w wh e e m v g whe
ere a o ne er cr o ,
I
r en ne er o, re no '

b st oar s
ea r .

H id e y u s l f th stop th e
o rd ve sh w y u s e l f m !
e e r e, re, an ne r o o r or e

My m i p u e n d gl d
a h w m d e by G d d w f t e d b y
re a n r a a , as e as a o , an as a

t h e Moth f G d! er o o

Th e sp ll is mi e t h e c u e is G d s

e n r o .

refe r e n ce t o the n ame He rodi as ( he r e ide n ti e d with Lilith t he

In ,

H ebre w mothe r of all de vils an d go bli n s ) it was a gre at puzz l e to t he

write r s on witchcr aft why the Itali an w itch e s always s aid the y had t wo

que e n s whom the y wor shi ppe d D i an a an d He rodi as The latte r se em s .

to have Spe ci ally pr e side d at t he witch dan c e I n this we can se e an -

.

e vide n t co n n e ctio n with t he H erodi as of t he N e w T e st ame n t .

I add t o this a fe w more v e r y cur ious old S l avo n i an spells from

Dr Gaster s wor k as they admirabl y ill ust r at e o n e of t he pr i n cip al an d

.
,

most i n te re st i n g subj e cts co n n ect e d with t he gy psy witch cr aft ; that is t o

sa its r e l atio n to e ar ly S h am an ism an d t he fo r ms i n which its i n c an t atio n s
y ,

were expressed I n all of these it may b e take n for gran ted fr om

.
,

a gr e at n umb e r o f clos e ly allied e x ampl e s that the C hr isti an ity in th e m -

,

is recen t a n d that they all go b ac k to t he e ar lie st he at he n times The .

This c an n o t fa il to re mi d m yn an rea d s er o f th e l d
an

Wh ere t he c oc k v c ew
ne er r ,

Wh e re t he sun n ev sh er on e an d t he wi n d ne ve bl
r ew .

3 3 G YP S Y SOR CE R Y .

fol lo wi n g for mula, dati n g from 1 4 2 3, ag ai n st sn ake bites bears -

the
t itl e
a n or ST . P AU L ac s msr S wa n
'
s.

In t he Fathe r t h e Son an d t he Holy G h ost I on c e was a

na me of t he , , .

p e r s e c u t o r b u t a m n, w a t r u e f ll w e r ;o an d I w e t f r o m my d we lli n g pl aoc e i n S
o ic ily n -
,

a n d th e y t light t o a t r u n k
se nd a s ke c am e th e r e fr o m an d bit my r ight h n d an d
, a na a

h u n g f m it ro Bu t I had in me t he powe of God an d I shoo k it off i to t he

. r ,
n

bu n i n g fi a d it was de s tr oye d an d I s u ffe r e d n o ill f m t he bite I l aid my s e l f

r re n , ro .

d w o nt o sl e e p ; th e n t he mi ghty an ge l s id : S au l Pau l st an d u p a d r e c e ive t his a

, ,
n

w iti g ; a d I fo u d i it t h e foll owi g wor ds

r n

n n n n

I e xo cis e y u sixty an d

r h al f ki n ds o f be asts th t c r e e p n t he e ar th i n t he
o
,
a a o ,

n am e f G d t he Cr e ator of H e av e n an d Ear th an d i n t he n am e
o o ,
f t h e imm o vabl e ,
o

t hr on e .

S e p e n t f E il I e x r is e th e i t he n am e of t h e b u r i n g r ive r which is e s

r o v ,
o c e n n r

u n de rt he fo o tst l o f t h e S avi u r an d i t he n m e f Hi i n c o po r e al an ge ls !
oo o ,
n a o s r

Th u s n ak e of t h e tr ib e o f b silisks t hou f u l h e ad e d s n ak e t we lve h e a d e d

o a ,
o -
,
-

s n ak e var i e gate d sn ak e dr agon lik e s n ak e th t ar t n t he r ight sid e o f h e ll who m

, ,
-
, a o ,

s e ve r
o th o u b i t e st t h u sh lt h ave n o p we r t h ar m an d th u m u st go way w ith
o a o o , o a

a ll t h e twe n ty f u ki n ds I f a man ha this p r aye n d this c u r se o f t he tr u e h oly

-
o r . s r a ,

a p ostl e an d s n ak e bit e s him th e n it will di e o t he spot

, a d t h e man th t is
,
n , an a

b itt e n sh ll r e m ai n u n h r m e d t
a t he h ou r f t he F ath e
a t he S n
,
an d t he
o H ly on o r, o , o

G h o st n ow an d fo r ll tim e
, Am e n a . .

It is n ot imp r ob abl e that we h av e i n PA UL an d the Se r pe n t an d t he

for mul a for cur i n g its bit e ( which is a c o mmo n sy mbol fo r all dise ase ) a
s ou v e n i r o f Escula ius
p the all h e al e r a n d his s e r p e n t T he fo ll owi n g is
,
-
,
.

a p r aye r ag ai n st t he too th ach e t o b e c ar r i e d abo u t with o n e i a as an , , . .
,

a m ul e t p r ay e r

S PE LL so n r un To o r n s c n s.

S ain t P e t e at st o e d we pt Ch ist c am e t o him n d s id P e te r why

r s on a n an . r a a ,

,

w e e p st th o u ?
e P e t e r n s we e d L d my t e th p i me

a T h e L r d th e e u p
r ,r de r e d

or ,
e a n .

o r on o

t h e w or m i
. P e t e r s t oo th t c m e ut f it an d n e ve m r e g i
n

g i o S c r c e ly had
o o o r o o n a a n . a

t he wo m c m e ou t w h e n t h e p ai n c e s e d
r o T h e n spo k e P e t I p ay y u O L r d th at a . e r,

r o , o ,

w h e n th e s e wor ds b e w itt e out d a mn c i e s th e m he sh all h ve

r n too thache an a ar r a no .

A n d t h e L or d a n s w e r e d Ti we ll P e t e r ; s may it b e ,
"
s ,
o

It will har dly be ur ge d that this Sl avon i an char m of E aste r n or igi n

4 0 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

on e a oth e r a man The l att e r , who was at the ve ry he ad

woman , t he .

o f t he
-
p r ofe ssio n sought the l ady s ac q uai n t an ce because he had he ard
,

th at she posse sse d so me v e r y val uabl e spe lls I n the fourth o r high e st .

d e gr e e as i n S l avo n i an or H u n gari an gypsy magic , this I n di an V o odoo

,
- -

deals e xcl usiv e ly with the spi r its o f t he fo r est an d stre am .

M K o un av in e as se t forth by D r A Elysse e ( Gy psy L or e 7014 77 14 1

.

,
. .
-
,

July ,
gives a Russi an g ypsy i n c an tation by which the r e is i n voke d
to cur e ill n e ss It is as foll ows .

Gr e a t F i my d fe d
re, d p t ct e n er an ro e or , son of the c e l e sti l e qu l f t he u
a r , e a o s n

w hocl e an e s s t he e th f f u l ss d liv this m

ar o o ne , e er an fr o m t he e vil sick e ss th t t m e ts n a or n

him ightn an d day !

The r e is a lso i n voke d to pu n ish or , as an o rdeal , e g

. .

Fi re, who pun i she st t he e vil d e wh h t e t f ls h

-
o r, o a s a e oo ,d wh o sc or ch e st t he imp u e r ,

t h o u d e st y st o e n de r s t hy m d v u th t he th De vou r s ys wh t
'

ro e a e e o re e ar . i f he a a

is n o t t u e i f he thi n ks
r , a li e , an d if h cts d c it fu lly
e a e e .

Th e se ar e pr on oun ced by t he gypsy so r cer e r faci n g t he b urn i n g

hearth Th e r e is an oth e r i n which re is addr e sse d
. as J an dra ,
an d also

i n voked to p un ish an o ffe n der

j an d r a, be ar e r o f ht u d b lts g e t Pe i i (c mp P j m
n er o , r a r an o ar e a r ar , an e pith t f I d
e o n r a,

S l von ic
a Pe r m )
s , b e ar e r f light i g sl y w ith t hy th u d b lt
o n n , a n er o an d b u w ith thy
rn

c e l e sti l
a r e him who dar es t vi l t his th
o o a e oa .
 C HA PTE R III .

c y p sv CO N JUR A T IO N S A N D E X O R CI S M S
T H E C UR B o r
C H I L DRE N H U N

G A R IA N c v p sv sp EL Ls A c u n ro u s O L D I TA L I A N
S E C RE T TH E

MA G IC V I R T U E o r G A R L I C A F L O RE N T I N E I N CA NT A T IO N L E A R N ED
FR O M A WI T C H L I L I T H T H E C H I L D S T EA L ER A N D Q UE EN o r T m:
,
-
,

WI TC H E S .

N all t he sch o ols o f S ham an ic sor cery fr om those ,

o f t he A ssy r i an A cc adi an t o t he wi dely spr e ad

- -

varietie s of the pr e se n t day t he E xor cism ,

fo r ms the pri n cipal e l e me n t A n e xo r cism .

is a for mula the p r o pe rti e s or powe r of

,

which is th at whe n prope r ly p r o n o un ced ,

e sp e ci ally i f this be d o n e with cert ai n

fumigation s an d ce r emo n i e s it will d r ive ,

away de vils dise ases an d disasters o f e ve ry

, ,

de script i on ; n ay accor di n g to v e r y high

, ,

an d t hat by n o m e an s too an ci e n t aut ho ,

rity it is e f cacious in b an i shi n g bugs

, ,

mic e or loc usts an d it is e qual t o Pe rsi an

, ,

po wder as a f uge for e as but is un , ,

fort un ately t oo expe n siv e to b e used fo r

,

th at purpose s ave by the v e r y we althy .

I t has bee n vigor ously applied agai n st the

.

di sease ,
Color ado beetle the army worm an d the bli z zar d i n
, ,

7
43 G YP SY SOR CE R Y .

the U n ited St ates but I be lieve witho ut e ffe ct owi n g possibly to differ
, , , ,

e n ce s o f clim ate or oth e r an t ago n istic i n ue n c e s .

Close ly alli e d t o t he E xorcism is t he B en ediction which soo n g r e w ,

o ut o f it as a c ure The fo r m e r be i n g me an t to rep e l an d dr ive away

.

e vil ,
t he l att e r ve r y n at u rally suggeste d I tsel f by a law of m or al pol ar ity , ,

as a m e an s of attracti n g good fort un e blessi n gs health an d pe ace

, , , .

A s t he o n e was viole n tly c urati ve the o ther was pr e ve n tive ,

The .

be n edictio n would ke e p the devils an d all thei r works away from a man
'

or his home in fact if stables be on ly we ll bl e ssed on ce a year n o
; ,

mishaps can come t o an y of the an imals who i n habit them; an d I myself

have k n o wn a n umbe r o f don ke ys to rece ive a be n e dictio n i n R o me the ,

own e r be i n g assur ed th at it would ke e p them safe from all t he ills which

don ke ys i n herit . A n d in the ye ar 1 8 8 0 in o n e o f t he pri n cipal ch ur ch e s of
,

Phil ade lphi a blesse d can dl e s were sold to a co n gre gation u n de r guar an te e
,

that t he p urchase o f o n e wou ld pr e ser ve its possesso r for o n e y ear agai n st

all dis o r d e rs o f t he th r oat on which occasio n a se rmo n was pre ache d i n
, ,

t he which se ve n i n st an c e s we r e giv e n i n which pe ople had thus be e n c ur e d .

Be t we e n bl e ssi n g an d ban n i n g it soon be came evide n t th at man y

for m ul as o f words cou ld be use d t o bri n g abou t mysteri ou s r es ults I t is .

pro bable that t he E xo r cism in its o r igi n al was simply t he an gr y e levat e d ,

ton e of voice which an imals as we ll as me n i n sti n ctive ly employ to re pel

a n e n e my or e xpre ss a t e r ror For this un usua l l an guage wo uld be chose n
.
,

r em e mb e r e d an d repe ate d
, W ith e ve ry n e w utteran ce this outcr y or c urse
.

wou ld be mor e seriously p r on ou n ced o r en l arged till it became an Er n ulphian

formul a . The n ext ste p would be t o give it me tr ic form an d its probab le ,

de velopme n t is ve r y i n te r e sti n g I t doe s n ot se em to h ave occurr e d to man y

.

i n v e stigator s that in e arly ages all thi n gs what e ve r which wer e r e memb e re d
an d re p e at e d were dron e d an d i n ton ed or si ng r ung un til they fe ll of
,
-
,

the mse lv e s i n to a ki n d of m e tr e I n all scho ols at t he pr e se n t day wher e

.
,

boys ar e r e qui r e d to r e pe at aloud an d all t ogethe r t he most prosaic l e sso n s ,

the y e n d by ch an ti n g t he m i n rude r hythm A ll mon o to n e b e it that of .

,

a r u n n i n g brook falls i n to c ade n c e an d m e t r e

, A ll of t he sagas or l e ge n ds
.
-

, ,
 G YP S Y CON ( I R A TI / ONS A ND E X OR CI SMS .
43

of the A lgon ki Waban aki we r e till withi n e ve n fty y e ar s ch an ts or son gs

n- ,

an d i f they ar e n o w r apidly losi n g th at ch aract e r it is b ec au se they ar e n o

lo n ger r e cited with t he i n ter e st an d accuracy which was o n c e obse rved i n

t he n ar r ator s . But I t was simply bec ause all thi n gs Oft e n r epe at e d were
t h us i n t on e d that t he e x o rcisms be c am e me t rical It is r e mar kable that .

a mo n g t he A ry an r ac e s it ass umed wh at is call e d the staff r hyme lik e -

,

that which S H A K E S P E A R E an d B EN J ON S O N an d B Y R O N an d man y more

, , ,

e mploy , as i t wou ld s e em i n sti n ctively whe n e v e r witches spe ak or spe lls

, ,

o r ch arms ar e utte re d It will n ot e sc ape t he r eade r t hat i n the H un gar i an

.
,

ypsy i n c an t atio n s i n this wo r k he s am e m e as ur e is u se d as th at which

g t ,

o cc ur s i n t he No r s e sag as o r i n t he sce n e s o f M acbet h : It is als o co mmo n

,

i Italy
n .

This is i n te lligibl e th at its sh or t bold de e ply m ar ke d mov e me n t , ,
-

h as in itse l f som e thi n g mysterious an d t e rr ibl e I f that wo I lly ab used .

-

wor d wei r d has an y re al applicatio n t o an ythi n g it is to t he st aff r hym e

,
-
.

I beli e ve th at wh e n a man an d p ar ticul ar ly a woman do e s n ot k n ow what

, ,

an d I l at e ly m

e lse t o sa he or she writ e s l ur id e ir d e t with a

,y or w , ,

book O f tr ave ls in which I fo un d the l att e r appli e d s e v e n ty six t ime s t o all -

ki n ds of co n u n dr u ms u n til I co n cl ud e d th at lik e t he c o achm an s d e n itio n

, ,

O f an id e a i n H E I N E S Re ise bilde r it me an t simply an y ( I ( I n o n se n s e

th at a man g e ts i n to his h e ad But if w e i r d r e ally an d o n ly me an s th at

.

which is co n n e ct e d with fat e o r desti n y fr om t he A n gl o Saxo n We or duu to ,

-
,

b e come Ge r man War de n th e n it is applicable e n ough t o r hym e s se tti n g

, , ,

forth t he fut ur e an d spoke n by t he we i r d sist e r s who ar e so calle d ,
-

n ot b e cause th e y ar e awfu l o r n ightm ar ish or poke r ish or mystical o r , , ,

buga boo r ish b ut S imply b e c ause th e y p r edict t he fut ur e or de sti n y o f me n

- -
, .

The A the n i an s as we ll as G e n til e s e xc e ll e d i n th e s e so n gs o f S or ce r y he n ce ,

we ar e told ( V A RR O Q ,d e F asci n
. th at i n A ch ai a wh e n th e y l e ar n e d th at ,

a ce rt ai n wom an who us e d th e m was an A th e n i an th e y sto n e d he r to de ath ,

d e cl ar i n g th at t he immor t al gods b e stowe d o n man t he p o wer of h e ali n g with

s to n e s, her bs an d an imals n o t with wor ds
, ,
D e Re m Supe r st it Cogn os
. .

c e n di s Tr uly doctor s n ev e r agr ee

, .

I t was i n 1 8 8 6 th at I l e ar n e d fr om a girl i n Flore n ce t wo exorcisms or

44 G YP SY SOR CER Y .

i n vocation s which she was accustome d t o r e pe at be for e te llin g fortun es b y

cards This gi r l who was O f the Tusc an Romagn a an d who looked
.
,

Etruscan with a tou ch of gy psy blood , was a re pe r tor y o f popul ar supe r

st it i o n s e spe ci ally witch lore an d a m ake r an d we ar er o f fe t ish e s al wa s
,
-
, y ,

car r yi n g a small b agfull of t he m B an sa ng n a pe ut me n t i r .

The t wo for mulas were as follows I omit a porti o n fr o m e ach .

Ve nti ci qu c t e si t n e ar e e

V ti ci q u di v li dive te t
en n e a o n re e,

Div t e e t en d t r e , an ere e

N l c p n l s gu
e

or ll imo, e

an e ne

an a,

N l l s tim ti de l c p
e

en en or o

D l mi m t
e p ss viv
o a an e n on o o e re ,

N p ss st
on ba a ar e ne e re,

Ne m gi e an ar e n

N n u mi i
e co d op ss n n e c on on n e n o n a a v ll
fa e ar e ,

F i ch l p t di c s mi
n e a a or a a a .
a

N vi e picchi e
on ne ar

Ye tw ty e c ds
ar e en -
v ar ,

B c m t w ty d vils
e o e en -
ve e

E t ni t t h b dy i t t h bl d i t
er n o e o , n o e oo ,
n o t he s ul
o

I t t h f li gs f t h b dy
n o e ee n o e o

O f my l v f m wh m I c t liv
o e r, ro o an n o e.

F I cor t st d ( xist ) d i k
an n o an e ,
or r n ,

Or e at

Nor I c n ve s e with m n
c an o r e or wo m en

T ill t t h d o f my h u s
a e o or o e

H sh ll c o m e t k n ock
e a o .

The se con d i n can t ation was t he same ,

b ut be gi n n i n g wi t h the s e
words
I p u t e n g e s t he w ll
v r on a ,

I c j u r e d ils
on ve ev ,

F ive m n ks d e fr i o an v ars,

T h at th e y m y e n t e r t h b ody a e

I n to t he bl d i n to t he s u l & c oo , o ,

.

If t he r eade r will t ak e Le Nor man t s

Magic Chaldaie n n e , an d
 G YP SY CON ( I R A TI / ONS A ND 5 x 01? CI SMS .

carefully comp ar
e t hese I t ali an spells with those of an cien t Ni n e v e h he ,

wi ll n ot o nly n d a cl ose ge n eral resembl an ce b u t all t he sever al details o r

ide n tity of wor ds A n d I t I s n Ot a l ittle c urious that t he sam
,

ac t ual . e
for m ul as which wer e re peat e d

On c e on a ti m e whe n B byl
a on was you g n

s hould stil l be cur r e n t in It aly .

SO it passe d t hrough the age s races came
a d we n t
n an d a mo n g t he e ople t he old sorc e ry was h an d e d across an d
p .

adown so t h at it still lives But i n a fe w years more the Folk lor ist will
, .
-

be its o n ly repository .

This chapt e r is devoted to conj ur I n g dise ases of childr e n by gypsies .

It be ar s a great like n e ss to on e i n t he very dev out wor k of PE T ER

P I P B R NU S De Pue ris a e ct is mor bis magicis O f B oys who h ave bee n
'

B ewitch e d i n to D isease on l y th at PI P ER NU S use s Catholic i n can tation s ,

r o li at is i n m

which he also employs p g at r imon io
pr o i n c ubo m agic o , ,

de do l r i bus stomachi magicis &c fo r t o him as he decl ares all

,

.
, , ,

disease is o f m agic origi n .

The m agic of t he gypsie s is n ot a ll de ceit though the y de ce ive with it , .

The y put faith the ms e lve s i n thei r i n can tatio n s an d pr actise the m on thei r ,

o wn acc o un t . A n d the y b e lieve th at th e re ar e wome n an d sometim e s ,

me n who possess super n at ur al powe r p art ly i n he r ite d an d p ar tly acqui r e d

, , .

The l ast o f sev e n d aught e r s bor n i n succ e ssio n without a boy s co mi n g

,

i n to t he series is won de r fully gi fte d for she can se e hidde n treasur e or

, ,

spi r its o r e njoy s e co n d S ight o f m an y thi n gs i n visibl e to m

, en A n d t he .

s ame holds good for t he n i n th i n a se r i e s of boys who may be come a se e r

.

o f t he same sort Su ch a girl i s a se ve n th daught e r be i n g a fort un e i n

.
, . .
, ,

h e r se l f n e ver l acks lover s I n 1 8 8 3 t he youn g Voj vode or leade r o f t he

,
.
, ,

K ukaya gy psy tribe n ame d D A N K U NI C U L A I offer e d t he old gypsy

, ,

wo m an P A L E BO S H E on e h un d r e d ducats i f she would persuade her s e ve n th

, ,

daug h t er t o m arry him I n the U n ited Stat e s of A mer ica the re ar e man y
.

wo me n who advertise i n t he n ewsp ap e r s th at th e y al so ar e se ve n th d aught e r s

4 6 G YP S Y SOR CE R Y

of seve n th daugh t e r s at that an d who m ake a good thi n g o f it as for tun e ,

tellers ; bu t th e y h ave a far more spe e dy e co n omical an d e ffe ctive way of , ,

becomi n g the l ast n ote in an o ctave t han by awaiti n g t he S low pr ocesses

.
,

o f b e i n g bego t te n or born i n asmu ch as they boldly de cl are themse lves ,

to be se ve n ths which I am assure d an swe rs every p ur pose as n obody

, ,

eve r asks t o se e t he i r c e rticates o f baptism an y mor e t han of

marr iag e. I

Most the se witch o f kn own i n H un gary as cal mly i or wise

-
wives also ,

wome n or gule r omm s weet or char mi n g wome n

,

, ar e t r ai n ed u
p om
'

i n fan cy by th e ir mothers in medici n e an d m agic A g r e at p art o f this .

educ ation con sists i n ge tti n g by h e ar t t he i n can tati on s o r for mul as of which
specime n s will be give n an o n an d which in commo n with the i r fairy t ale s , , ,

Sho w i n t ri n sic evi de n ce o f h avi n g b e e n drawn at n o ver y dist an t pe r iod fr om

I n di a an d p r obably i n comm on with t he lower o r Shaman ic r e ligio n of I n di a

,

from Turan i an so ur c e s But there is amon g t he H un g ar i an gypsi e s a class

.

o f fem al e m agici an s who stan d far above th e ir sist e r s of t he hidde n spell i n

po wer These ar e t he lur e r omm or good wome n who dr aw the i r powe r

.
, ,

di r e ctly fr om t he Ni vasi or P clzuv usi t he spi r its of wate r an d e arth or of

'
, ,

ood an d fe ll For t he H un gar i an gypsie s hav e a b e autiful mytho logy o f

.

the i r own which at r st sight would se e m t o be a composition o f the

Rosic r u cian as se t for th by Par ace ls us an d the Comte de GA B A L I S with the ,

e x q uisit e I n d o T e uto n ic fai r y t al e s O f t he Middl e A g e s I n fact in so m e .
,

o f t he i n c an t ation s u s e d we n d t he Ur me or fai r i e s dire ctly appeal e d to , ,

for help .

W ith t he gypsie s as amo n g t he e ar ly A ccadi an s dise ases ar e supposed

, ,

to be c aused by e vil supe r n at u r al i n ue n ces This is m or e n at ur ally t he .

c ase amo n g peopl e who l e ad ve r y simple live s an d with whom sick n e ss is ,

Of t he e m ks i his b k D E ti b u M gi i ( 1 6 4 7)
s v th en son , PI PBRNU S re ar n oo ,

e
'

ec s a c s

Et s a di up
n e san titi u m du s
n u m qu i ti s u t di P sc v s t qu t q u t u ll
s e rs os s o c or ,
or n e ar a e e ,
e o o n o

f mi s e u i t e c e d t
a ne s x b t u pt i mi m uli l gitim t h s u t ti ? m m t
n r en e, ac a or se asc e o or o n na e or a

V I d f i t i n II DE R lib i p t 2 1 G ON
A I RU S, . e asc n a o e, l Se gli J CJE
. L I U s, . .
, ar . A RZ I US n e rra o. . SA R

C ELL S s e c u d u s sc ipt i h t g i le

B A RI U n r or n or . en a .
-
4 8 G YP SY SOR CER Y

am in German , while Sh an d y ro n oun ced

j , J ines ; 71 as i n S p,
an ish ; at 4 1 ar e p
as i n En glish
.
A is like 4 12
. . The literal tran sl ation is

Oh Fre, i oh F ir e bur n,

Bu rn

A nd fr o m t he child th u d ive
d
( )
o o r away
Dr iv w y e a a

Pcuvuse an d Ni vashi
A nd r d iv w y thy sm k e ( pl )
e a a o .

t g od f i i s c m
( )
L e o ( d) a r e o e an

G ive l u c k t t h child o e ,

H e i t is l u cky ( f tun t )
er or or a e

I t h e w ld f t u t e
n or or na

B ms d twigs ( fu e l)
r oo an

A n d th m t wigs en or e ,

A d th m t wig

n y t e en e or s

I p u t (giv ) t t he e e o r .

o h o h e bu
re, r rn

T h c h ild w ps
e list ee en

I n S ou th Hun gar y the gypsy wome n on s imil ar oc casion s si n g t he

followi n g ch arm
Ett aPcuvush , ef a t Ni vashz
i
A n dre mal ave mi
Pcab uve n , pca buve n , oh a y kh a
Dy kr i n t o din dale n ,
pu
Te gu l e v s muda e
e a e r n

Pcab uve n , pcab uve n , oh a y kh a;

F e r in e n o ca e t e a a v s dy

S ve n Pcuvu h e se v e n Ni v si
e s , a

Com e i n t o t h e ld e ,

Bu r n b u rn h r e
, , o

T h e y bit e t h e m o th e r s foo t
'

T h e y d e st r oy t he s we e t child ;
F i r e r e oh b u r n
, ,

Pr o t e ct t he child an d t he m th e r ! o

Whe n t he birth is ve r y di f cult , t he mothe r s relation s come to hel p

,
 /
G YP S Y CON (I RA TI ONS A ND E X OR CI SM S .
49

o them lets an e gg fall z wi r clze u de n Be i n e u

f , de r r elbe n .

t he gypsy wo m e n i n S ou ther n H un gary si n g

An ro , aur o i n oble s,

Te e p era in o ble s

A va avo sst awe st e s

De vl a , d vl a t u t
e , akhar e l l

Th e gg e is u
, d t he e gg ro n ,

A n d t h b lly is e u d e ro n ,

Co m child i n g d h e lth
e oo a

Go d G d c lls th e
, o a e

I f a wo man dies i n child be d t wo eg gs -

ar e
place l un d re he r ar ms
an d t he followi n g coup let is mutte r ed

K an a an r o ki r n e s hi n ,
K th e
a n ati i t cud a hi n

Wh en this e
gg is ( sh ll b ) d c y d a e e a e ,

He r e ( w ill b ) is
e milk no

W h e n the afte r p ai n s be gi n it is the c ustom with s ome of the

-

psy t ribes i t h S i e be n b ur gen to smo ke the s uffe r e r with dec yed

gy n e a

willo w wood which is b urn ed for t he p ur pose while t he wome n i n

-

a tt e n dan ce si n g

S ik te sik o t eu u alr ,

Te mi l 0 D
on u ral !
K an a le n hadj i n ave n
Sas i pe n a t u t av ;
en

K n a o t u
c a u al n r

Tut e n a i t he d ukh al,

Tu t e n an i t he dukhal .

Fast an d sm k i s fa st t he o e e ,

A d i s t h m
n ei s , e oo n e ,

W h e t h y d ( th ms e lve s)
n e n e

H lth (y t ) w i ll c m t th
ea e o e o e e,

Wh th sm k e
en l( ge ) i s
e o no on r e

T h u w ilt f l p i
o m ! ee a n no or e

8
so G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

Ther e is a st r an ge myste r ious ai n i t y betwe e n gypsies an d t he moo n

, .

A wo n de r ful l e ge n d which they ce r t ai n ly b r ought fr om I n di a si n c e

,

i n i t Me kr an is me n tion e d as t he pl ace whe r e its i n ci de n t occurre d ,

de t ails th at the r e owi n g t o t he misr e pre se n t ati o n s o f a sorce r er t he

, ,

gypsy l e ade r CH E N was made to mar r y his sister GU I N or KA N

, ,
-

, ,

which b r o ught t he c ur s e o f wan de r i n g u po n his p e opl e He n ce t he .

Roman y ar e c all e d C he n G ui n It is ve r y e vi de n t that he r e we have

-
.

CH O N an d KA N or KA M t he Moo n an d Sun which is co n r me d by

, , ,

an othe r gypsy l e ge n d which de cl ar es th at t he Sun be c ause he o n ce ,

viol at e d or still se e ks to se duce his siste r t he M oo n con ti n ually follows , ,

he r b e i n g de sti n e d to wan d e r fo r e ve r
,
A n d as t he n ame Ch e n K an or .
-
,

Z i n gan o r Z ige u n e r is k n own all ov e r t he E ast an d as this l e ge n d shows

, , , , ,

is o f I n di an origi n it is har dly wor th while to b e lie v e with MI K LO SI C H

,

th at it is de r iv e d from an Obsc ur e Gr e e k h e r e tical se ct o f Chr isti an s t he

m or e so as it is most dif c ult to be li e ve that t he R o m an y wer e or igi n ally
e ith e r G r e e ks o r Chr isti an s o r Ch r isti an he r e tics .

W he n a gypsy wo man is with child she will n ot i f she can he lp ,

i t l e ave he r t e n t by full mo o n shi n e

, A child b o r n at this ti me it is .

b e li e v e d will m ake a happy mar r i age So it is said O f bir th in t he .

W e st e r n W orld
F u ll moon high se ,
a,

G e t m n th o u sh alt b e ;
r a a

Re d d w i g cl udy sky
a n n ,
o ,

B loody de th sh lt th u di c a a o .

P r ay to t he Moo n h h is
w enu d s e ro n ,

Lu ck with y o u w ill th b u d en a o n ,

Wh t y u a o se e k f sh ll b f u d
or a e o n

On t he se a or s lid g u d
o ro n .

Moon wo rship is ver y an ci e n t ; it is al lude d to as a fo r bidde n

-

thi n g i n t he B ook of Jo b Fr o m e ar ly t im e s wi t che s an d othe r wo me n

.

wor ked th e i r spells w he n s t ar k n ake d by the light o f t he full moo n -

,

which is e vide n tly d e r iv e d fr o m t he an ci e n t worship o f th at pl an e t an d t he

 G YP SY CON] UR A TI ONS A ND EX OR CI SMS .
5 I

s h am e l e ss o r gi e s co n n ect e d with it Dr W L I SL O C K ] simply r e marks o n

. .

this subj e ct that t he moo n has in t he gypsy i n can tatio n,

e i n e Ph allisch e ,

B e de u tu n g. I n a n ci e n t symbolism t he hor n s o f the moon we re regar de d

as sy n o n mo us with t h ho rns O f t he h e n ce th e ir co n n ectio n with
y e ox

agr icult ur e , p r oductive n e ss an d fe r tility or t he ge n e r ative p r in cipl e an d

, , ,

fr o m this comes t he be n e ce n t i n ue n ce n o t on ly o f t he h o r n s b ut o f ,

hor se shoe s boars t usks c r abs cl aws an d pie ce s o f coral r e se mblin g t he m

-
,

, .

The gre at lov e o f gypsy mother s for the i r child r e n s ays W L I SL O C K I , ,

i n duces th e i r fri e n ds t o se ek r e me di e s for t he most tr ii n g disor de rs A t .

a l ater per iod moth e r an d child ar e l e ft to Mothe r Natur e Or the

,
-

v i; medi ca t r i x Nat ur es . W h at is g r e atly dr e ade d is t he Ber u u or '

,

be i n g c al l e d o n
,
e n ch an ted i n E n gl ish
, ov e r looked o r subj e cted ,

to t he e vil e y e A n u n ive r s al r e medy for this is t he foll owi n g

.

A j ar is ll e d with wate r fro m a stre am an d it m ust b e t ake n w i t h , ,

n ot ag ai n st ,t he cur re n t as it r u n s I n it ar e pl ace d se ve n co als sev e n

.
,

h an d fuls o f m e al an d seve n clove s o f gar lic all of which is put on

, ,

t he r e . W hen t he wate r be gi n s to b o il it I S sti r r ed with a thr e e

fo rke d t wig whil e t he wis e wom an r e p e ats
,

Mi se cy kh a t u t di kh

a en,

T y e k ath muda
on e ren !
T at u c i ft c k a

e n e z
I o

T c v
e mi c y kh
a en se e a a
I

Mi c y kh a t u t di kh
se

a en,

T y e k ath muda
on e re n !
Bu t p h t a y kh a
r es r e a

A tu i k s th i ;
nc or e ve n s

Mi c y kh t u t di kh
se

a sI
'
en

T y e k ath muda
on e r en !
Peab uve n ii pcb uve n a
An r e de ve le ske r o y akhaI !
d

Evil ys l k
e th e e oo on e ,

M y th y h
a xti g u ish d
e ere e n e be !
A d th
n s v v s
en e en ra en

P l u ck ut t h vil y s ;
o e e e e
5 2 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

Evil y s ( w) l k
e e th e no oo on e ,

M y th y s
a xti g uish d b !
e oon e n e e

Mu c h d u st i t h y s n e e e ,

Th c m y t h y b c m bli d
en e a e e o e n ,

Evil y s w l ke th ;
e no oo on ee

M y th y s
a xti g u ish d b
e oon e n e e

M y th y bu
a m y th e y b u
e rn , a rn

In t he r e of G od

Dr W L I SLO C K I
m ar ks th at t he se v e n r av e n s ar e pr obably r e pr e
. re

se n t e d by t he sev e n c o als whil e t he thr e e poi n te d t wig t he m e al an d ,

-
,

t he g ar lic symb o li ze light n i n g

,
H e doe s n o t obse r v e that the stick may .

be t he t r i cu l a or tr ide n t O f S iv a wh e n c e pr o bably t he gipsy wor d t r us/

zul ,

a c r oss ; but t he co n n e ctio n is v e r y o bvi o u s It is r e mar k abl e that t he .

gypsie s asse r t th at light n i n g l e av e s b e hi n d it a sme ll like that of gar lic .

A s g ar lic forms an i mpor tan t i n gr e di e n t i n m agic c h ar ms t he fo llowi n g ,

fr om The Symbo lism of N at ur e Die Symbol ik un d My th o l o gie

de r by J B FR I ED R I C H will b e fo u n d i n t e re stin g
. .
,

Wem y f ms sp d f n d in d wid t h b li f th t g lic p s ss s t h

an or rea ar an e e e e a ar os e e e

m gic p w f p t cti
a o g i st p is
er o d c y T his c m s cc di g t P li y
ro e on a a n o on an sor er . o e ,
a or n o n ,

f m t h f ct th t wh
ro e it is h u g u p i t h p
a a i f tim it t u s bl ck wh
en n n e o en a r or a e, rn a , en

it is s u pp s d t tt ct vil i t its l f d c s qu tl y t withd w it f m t h

,

o e o a ra e n o e an ,
on e en , o ra ro e

w Th
e ar e r ci ts b li v d th t t h h b which M c u y g v t U lyss s t p t ct
. e an en e e e a e er er r a e o e o ro e

him f m t h ro ch tm e t f Ci c e d which H m
en c lls mly w t h li u u ig um
an n o r e, an o er a o ,
as e a r n r ,

or g lic t h p is
ar f th
,
w itch b i g
e o c tic A m g t h m d
on o G e ks d e n a n ar o . on e o e rn re e an

T u ks g lic is
r ,
g d dar th m st p we fu l ch m g i st vil spi i t s m gic
re ar e as d e o o r ar a a n e r , a , an

mis f t u or F this
ne. s t h y c y it with th m d h g it u p i th i h u s s
or r e a on e ar r e ,
an an n e r o e

as p t c ti
a g i st st ms d b d w th
ro e on a S th i
a n s il s c y w ith th m
or an a ea e r. o e r a or ar r e a

s c k f it t v t ship w ck I f y
a o o a er u tt s w d f p is e with t h i t n tire f. an on e er a or o ra e n e on o

f sci ti g f d i g h m th y l ud lic u tt it th tim s pidly

a na n or
y o G ! o n e ar , e cr a o ar or er re e ra

In A P ER S U S F cu ( S ty V ) t bit g lic v ts m gic

U LU s I LA c d t he
s vils whic h a r . . o e ar a er a an e

th g ds s d t th s wh
e o en w ti g i ov c f th m A cc di g t
o e o p pul
ar e an n n re eren e or e . or n o a o ar

b li f t h m p u ci ti
e e e f G lic ! p t cts
ere r on f m p is
n a on o

ar

ro e on e ro o on .

pp e ars to be ge n er ally he ld amo n g the m an d

It a Pol e s th at
t he

this wo r d p r e ve n ts childr e n fr om be sclzr e i e u war de n ,

th at is from ,

be i n g ban n e d or ov er l ooke d or e vil ey e d A n d amo n g

, ,
-
. t he Po l e s g ar li c:
 GYP S Y CON UR A TI ONS A / ND EX OR CI SM S

.
53

is l aid un d e r childr e n s illo ws to prot e ct th e m from d e vils an d witch e s

p .

The

( B RA TR A NEC K , B e i t r lge z ur E st b et i k de r P a uz en welt , p .

belie f i n gar lic as som e t hi n g sacr e d appe ars to h ave be e n ve r y wide ly

S pr ead si n ce t he Dr u ids attribu te d magic v ir t ue s to it ; h e n ce t he
,

re ve re n ce for the n e ar ly alli e d l e ek which is attache d t o Ki n g D av id ,

an d so m u ch ho n ou red by t h e W e lsh .

him I ll k ck hi l k b u t his p t
Te ll

no s ee a o a e

Up S i t D vid s D y
on S E
a n a

a .

I 1 A It e A R .

The m agic virt ue s of gar lic we re n at ur ally e n ough also attr ib ut e d

t o o n io n s an d le e ks an d i n a c ur iou s It ali an work e n titl e d
,
I l L i br o ,

del Coman do at t r ib u ted false ly to Co n e li us A r ipp a I nd t he

( )
, r g ,

followi n g

Segr e t o magi t a
d iudowuar e ,
'

( all: t p ala
i ,
Ia salut e d uua pe r r oua le ma

m A m gi . a c

se c t divi e w ith i s th h lth f p s

re to n dist t on o n e ea o a e r on far an G a e r on . th i s th on on e

E f C h istm s
ve o d p u t th mr lt a d u d v y i
an e on an a ar , an n er e er on o n w it t h r m f
e e na e o

th p s s
e t wh m
e r on d si s t
as b i f m d
o /w uu o on e e re o e n or e , e x t or t a i u ev
I r r va o, if th y en e

d n t w it
o o r e.

Th i ( pl t d ) which sp u ts t he st w ill cl ly

e on on u c e th t t h pe s
an e ro r e ar an n o n a e r on

wh s m e it b s is w ll
o e na e ar e .

A d i
th sm m n w n l n th e m f th h u sb d
a e w i f wh m an n e r e c an e ar e na e o e an or e o

w s h u ld ch s d this divi ti is i u i m y c t f G m y

e o oo e , an na on n se n an an o n s o er an .

much V er y allie d to this is t he followi n g lov e ch arm OIn

'
an

E n glish gy psy

T ak e an on o n , i at u lip y t f t h ki
, d ( i or b u
anlb u s r oo o e n s . a o r oo r i ), an d pl t an

it in cl
a e an pot ne v us d b f ;
er d whil y u pl
e t it e p t
e or e an e o an r ea t he na me of t he

on e wh m o
y ou l ve
o ,
d ve y d y m
an ei g d v i g y v it
r a , or n n an e en n , sa o er

A s t hist g ws r oo ro

A d
n this bl ss m bl
as o o ow s ,

My h h t b
a er e ar e

Tu d u t m!
rn e n o e

54 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

A n d it will c m e t p ss th t v y d y t he
o o a a e er a on e w h m o
y o u l v
o e w ill be mor e
and m or e i cli d t y u till y u g t y u h t s d si
n ne o o , o e o r e ar

e re .

A
simil ar divi n ati o n is pr act ised by so wi n g c r ess or lett uce se e d
i n the for m o f n ames i n gar de n s I f it gr o ws well t he o n e who .

pl an ts it will wi n t he l o ve o f t he pe r so n i n dicat e d .

A S r e g ar ds t he u se o f c o als i n i n can tati o n s MAR C EL L U S B U R D I ,

( i A L ENSI s a Lati n , physici an o f t he thir d ce n t ur y who has l e ft us a

I
,

c o llectio n of Lati n an d Gae lic ch ar ms r ec o mme n ds fo r a c ur e fo r tooth ,

a ch e : Salis g r an u m pan is mi cam car b o n e m mor t uum in phcn n ic io, ,

a l li ab i s i t o c a r r y a g r ai n o f salt a cru mb o f b r ead an d a coal i

g a , . .
, n , , ,

a re d b ag .

W he n the br e w o f c oals g arlic an d me al is made an d bo il e d

witch -
, , ,

d own to a dry r e sid uu m it is put i n t o a small t hr e e cor n e r e d b ag an d ,

-

h un g about t he chi ld s n e ck o n which o ccasio n t he appr opri ate r hyme

i s r e pe ate d n i n e time s A n d it is o f sp e ci al impor tan ce that the.

b ag S h all b e m ade o f a pi e ce o f li n e n which m u st b e S t o l e n fo un d o r , , ,

b e gge d .

To l e ar n wh e the r a child has be e n ove r looke d or e vil e y e d or ,

-
,

e n ch an t e d t he wis e wom an
,
t ake s it i n he r ar ms an d goe s t o t he ,

n e xt r u n n i n g st r e am T he r e she h olds t he face o f t he b ab e as n e ar l y

.

a s she can t o t he wate r an d r e p e ats ,

P ni ,
p n i siko va,

Bikh t h up di kh t l ! e r , e e
' '

Bu ti pa i i k l s ov e

Bu ti pal yakh t h di kh l e e

T e kan mudar e l .

b M c ll u s B u di g l i

U er J c b G imm G l s i d A d mi
ar e r a e n s s, vo n a o r . e e en n er ca e c

d W iss sch ft
er 8 J u i 1 8 4 7 ( B li
en a D MM E ) I this w k
en,

2 nw ll ,
i er n . U L R . n or , as e as n

th G m
e Myth l gy by t h s m
er an u th d i RU D O L F R O TH S
o o , Li t t tu u d e a e a or , an n

era r n

G schicht d
e V d ( Set u ttg t est h d w ill
e d a

ls i t h w ks f t
ar h ,
e rea er n ,
as a o n e or o e

e ld CA TO d P L N Y u mb s f th s i c t ti s
er an I ,
n er o e e n an a on .
5 6 GYP SY SO A CER Y

.

ar t , an dm ust go on copy i g n o ld
id s havi g wr etchedly
ea an d o ut n wor n -

exhibitio n s i n which there is n ot o n e or igi n al idea .

I f it appe ar s th at the child is over looked or berufe n man y , ,

me an s ar e r e sor t e d t o
,
one good i f an other fails but we have h e r e ,
U

t o do o n ly with those which ar e c on n e cted with i n can t ati on s A favourite .

o n e is the followi n g Thr e e twigs ar e cut e ach o n e fr om a di ffe re n t tre e

, ,

and ut i n to a pi pki n which has b e e n ll e d with water dipped or drawn

p
w i t b n o t agai n s t the cur r e n t o f a str e am
, , Thre e h an d fuls of me al .

a r e the n u t i n an d boiled d o wn t o a B r e i or uddi n g A horse h ai r is

p p , .

the n woun d r ou n d a n eedl e which is stuck n ot b y t he poi n t b ut by

,

t he he ad i n to t he i n n e r botto m o f a t ube whic h is ll e d with wate r an d , ,

pl aced upo n this is t he pipki n with the puddi n g The n t he ove r .

looked or e vil see n child is h e ld ov e r the t ub whil e the followi n g
,
-

r hym e is ch an ted

Pafi i , pfi i l un j ar iI ,
'

p i
Pni, n isb i n ii ;
Te n sh vali pe n cu c a
Nashvlipe n mudr ,

Mudii r a t e akn ,

K ath e b e sh i kan a,
Sr pr y t i a sut
y i r e l,

K t h e n dr e pi i r , n dr e pi i
r ,

Ni vashe sh e le s dvs

Wt t sp ad !
a er , wa er, re

Wt a e w t st e tch !
r, a e r, r

A d sick ss di sapp e
n ne ar ,

S ick b de str y d
n e ss e o e ,

B d st y d
e e w ro e no .

R m i
e t h
a n t ll !
no ere a a

Who e ve h v l k d thi child

r as o e r oo e s

A th i l e f i n t h pat (m yb )
s s a e a e

Be gi e t th v nNiv hi o e as

This is r epeated n i n e times when , t he wa te r i n

the t ub , wi t h t he

i
pp ki n an d i t s c on te n t s,ar e all th r own in t o the st re am om '

which t he
 G YP SY /
CON URA TI ONS A NDA EX OR CI SMS .
57

t
w a e r was dr awn This .
is a w id e ly spre a-
d ch ar m a n d , it is e x t rem e ly
an ci en t . The pipki n pl a ced a c r o ss t h e t u b or t r o u gh t r o
g
h e r e sig n i e s

a b r idg e an
, d W L I SL O C K I t e lls u s th at n o T r a n sylv a n i a n t e n t gypsy -
w ill
c r oss a br idge with ou t r st spitti n g thr ice o ve r t he r ails i n to t he wat e r .

The br idge pl ays an impo r t an t par t i n the mythol o gy an d F Olk l o r e o f -

man y r ace s The an cie n t Pe r si an s had thei r h oly mo un tai n A lbo r di

. , ,

o r Ga o t a
r m n h
t e a ,
bod e of g od s a n d bl e ss e d s o u ls t o ,
w hich th e y p ass e d
by the bridge Ci n vat o r Chi n e vad whe n c e the cr eed : I beli e ve i n
-
, ,

t he r es ur r ecti on o f t he de a d ; th a t a ll bodi e s sh al l liv e r e n e w e d a g a i n ,

a n d I beli e v e that by t he bridg e Ci n v at all good deeds will b e r e war de d

-
,

a n d all e vil de e ds p un ished The p un ishm e n t is app ar e n t fr om t he

.

arall e l o f t he bridge A ! S i r at borr owe d by the M ahomm e d an s fr o m t he

p ,

Pe r si an s over which t he good souls p asse d t o r e war d an d fr om which

, ,

t he wicke d t umbl e d down i n to hell .

W he n I r st met E M ER S O N i n I happe n e d to r em ar k that a br idge

i n a l an dscape was like a v ase in a r oom t he po i n t o n which an e y e tr ai n e d
,

to t he pictures q ue i n v olun tar ily r e ste d Ne arly thirty years aft e r whe n we
.
,

were both livi n g at Sh e ph e r d s Ho te l in C ai r o he r e mi n de d me o f this o n e

day wh e n by the Nile we wer e looki n g at a bridge A s a br idge m ust c r oss

.

a str e am or a tor r e n t which is g e

,
n e r ally b e aut i i l by itse l f an d as t he , cr oss
o r sp an has t he e ffe ct of de n i n g a n d fr ami n g t he pict ur e as a ci r clet or
,

ti ara se ts Off a be auti ful h e ad it is n o t r em arkabl e that in all age s me n have

,

made s uch o bjects s ubj e cts o f legen d an d son g He n ce t he o ft r e pe ate d .

-

De vil s Bridge so

called because it seemed to S imple peasan ts impossible for
,

me r e mor tals to build al t hough bridge s ar e habit ually an d mor e n at ur ally

,

con n e cte d with sal v atio n an d sai n ts H e who i n early ages b uilt a bridge
.
,

d id a great d e ed i n tim e s wh e n r oads wer e r ar e ; h e n ce the great priest was

c alled the Po n ti fex .

A n oth e r spe ll for t he purpose o f averti n g the effe c ts of t he evil eye is

as follo ws The mothe r o f the overloo ke d child lls her mo uth with salt
wat e r an d lets it d r op or trickle o n the limbs of the i n fan t an d when thi s
, ,

h as bee n don e r epe ats ,

5 3 S
G YP Y S R CER Y O .

Mis e r; y

I kha
a tu t di kh e n
Sr p an i or

Mudar e n
Nashv ali pe n pr ea

An d l t o e r
ra

r sh o

A n d r l t r e koly i n
a

,

A n d r al t e p r
r o

A n d r l t r e pun a
a

r

A n d r l t e v i t ii
a

r as

K ath e p ej an e n r ,

A n d e y kh y on j
r

a
I
'
iI an c u

F als e (e il ) y e s e e
v e s

Lik e this w a t e r
M y th e y p e ish !
a r

S ick n e ss d e p ar t
F m thy h e d
ro a ,

F m thy b e st
ro r a ,

F m thy b lly
ro e ,

F m thy fe t
ro e ,

F o m thy h ds
r an ,

M y th y g h e n c
a e o e

I n t o t he e vil e y s ! e

It may b e Observe d th at me a l fo r ms an i n g r e di e n t in seve r al o f th e se

sorc e r i e s
. It is a v er y an ci e n t e sse n ti al to sac r ice s an d is offer e d to t he ,

S pi r its o f t he st r eam t o app e ase th e m as it was o ft e n give n for t he same

,

pur p ose t o t he wi n d The o ld G e r man s say s PR E T O R I U S im agi n e d t he

.
, ,

st or m wi n d as a st ar vi n g r ave n ous b e i n g an d sought to appease it by

-
, ,

t hr owi n g m e al t o it So it h appe n e d o n c e e v e n o f l at e r year s n e ar B amb e r g

.

wh e n a mighty wi n d was r agi n g o n e n ight th at an o ld wom an took he r m e al

b agan d th r ew its con t e n ts o ut o f t he wi n dow sayi n g ,

Leg dich li b Wi d
e , e er n ,

B i g di ss d i m Ki d !
r n e e ne n

De ar Wi d b n , e n ot so l
w i d,

Ta k th t u t
e a n o t hy ch ild !
 GYP S Y CON] URA TI ONS A ND EX OR CI SMS .
59

I n which thi n g ds the highly Pr otestan t PR E TO R I U S ( A n thr o
,
ad

odem us Plut o n icus p she was like t he P apists w ho wo uld
p , .

fai n appease t he Douuer wet t e r o r th un d e rsto r ms with the soun d o f b apti z e d

, ,

b ells as tho ugh they we re r agi n g ro un d lik e famished li on s o r grim

, ,

wolve s o r a soldier foragi n g se e ki n g what the y may dev ou r The W i n d

, , .

here r epr ese n ts the W ild H un ter or the S torm the leade r o f t he W ut lzen de
, ,

Hear or
ragi n g army who u n de r di ffer e n t n ames is t he he ro o f so
'

, , , ,

man y Ge r m an lege n ds .

Th at the voice o f t he wi n d Should se e m like that o f wi ld be asts

r o ari n g for food wou ld occ ur n at ur ally e n ough t o an o n e who was famili ar
y
with both .

W he n a child r e Ise s the b r e ast t he gypsi e s be lieve that a Pcuvus wi fe -

,

o r a fem ale S pi r it o f the e ar th has secr e tly s u cked it I n such a case they .

l ac e b e t ween the moth e r s br e asts o n io n s an d r e pe at thes e wor ds
p ,

Pcu v ushi , Pcuvu sh i,

Ac tu n sh vl i
y
Ti t ud kh

c ro y a a sI ,

A d pcu t u peab u a!
n re v v

T h i d t h i da mi
av t ud
c ,
av ro ,

T havda, t h avdii , p ar n o t cud,

T havda, t hvda, sar kmav,

Mr e ve ske bo khale !

Ear th S p i r i t -
Ear th spI r I t
-

Be th u ill o .

Le t thy mil k b e ! e r

Bu i t h rn th n e e ar

F l w w my mil k
o , o ,

F l w w w hit milk
o , o ,
e !
F l w w s I de si e
o ,
o , a r

T my h u g y child !
o n r

The same is appli e d whe n t he milk holds b ack or will n ot o w as it is ,

t he n s upp osed th at a Pcuv us wi fe has s e cr e tly s uckl e d he r o wn child at the

-

mo t her s bre ast It is an old be li e f th at e lves put th e i r o wn o ffsp r i n g i n

.

t he pl ace o f i n fan ts whom th e y some times ste al

, This subj e ct o f e l f .
6o G YP SY S OR CER Y .

ch an ge li n gs is e xte n siv e ly tr e ate d by all t he wr ite r s ou witchcr aft The r e

'

is e v e n a Lati n t r e atise or th e sis de v o te d to d e n i n g t he le gal an d soci al

, ,

stat us r igh t s & c o f such be i n gs It is e n t itled

, , .
, De I n fan t i bus Sup
.
,

p osi t i t iis v
, ulg o W e ch sel B alge n D r e sd e n
-
1 6 7 8 S,u

ch i n fan ts s ays , .
,

t he auth o r ( J O H N V AL E N T I N E M ER B I Tz ) a r e c all e d Cam bi o n e s V agio n e s , ,

g )
con t i n ua v a i t u G erm an is K ii
,
llk r a fe
p W e chse lki n de r W e chse lb al e
g , , ,

all o f which i n dic ate s i n G e r m an b e li e f childre n which hav e n othi n g

, ,

h um an abo u t th e m e xce pt t he ski n .

W h e n t he child is s ubj e ct to co n v ulsiv e wee pi n g or spasms an d lose s ,

its sl e e p t he mo the r t ake s a str aw fr o m t he chil d s sl e e pi n g pl ac e an d p ut s

,

-

i n to he r mouth Th e n whil e she is fumigat e d with dr i e d cow dun g i n t o

.
,
,

which t he h ai r o f t he fathe r an d mothe r h av e be e n mi n g le d she ch an ts ,

B ala, b la pcub uve n ,

Cik t e b la p ub uve n ,
c
C ik te bal pcub uve n ,

Peab uve l i shval

na i
y pe n

h i bu !
H ai r , a r, rn

Di t r d h i bu
an a r rn

Di t r d h i bu
an a r rn

I ll ss b b u d !
ne e rn e

This be ar s m an i fe st m ark o f H i n doo or i gi n an d I h ave n o doubt that ,

t he s am e c e r e m o n y i n e ve r y d e t ail is pr actise d i n I n di a at t he p r e s e n t day .

I n S outh e r n H un g ar y co n vulsiv e we e pi n g i n child r e n is c ure d as follows

I n t he e v e n i n g wh e n t he r e b ur n s b e fo r e t he t e n t t he mothe r t ake s he r
, ,

child i n he r ar ms an d c ar r i e s it t hr e e tim e s ar oun d t he r e p utti n g o n it a ,

pip ki n full O f wat e r i n to which She p uts thr e e co als W ith this wat e r she
, .

wash e s t he h e ad o f he r chil d an d pour s so me o f it o n a bl ack dog Th e n

,
.

she g o e s t o t he n e xt str e am or br o o k an d l e t s fall i n to it a r e d t wist , ,

sayi n g

La a v Ni v ashi ads b oldi t or i te l ah a m

re ave skr o r o vi pe n K n ii i st ave st e s s
ss mv

me tu t e pc b y a te y an d r .

Nivashi
t k this twist d
a e ,
an w ith it t he we e pi n
g of my chil d . Wh en it is we ll
I will b i g th r n ppl s d ggs
ee a e an e .

 G YP SY CON] UR A TI ONS A ND EX OR CI SMS . 61

W he n achild b umps its head t he swe lli n g is pre sse d

with the bl ade
o f a k n i fe an d t he fo llo wi n g spell is m u tt e r e d th r ice se ve n
, , , or n i n e times,

acc o r di n g to t he gr avity o f t he i n j ury

AO tu tu k l
, a , a o v e s,

T h m y sik t u m u d es !
e a ar

A d p u tu j i
n re c v ,

Di k t u t m i ka !
av e n

S h u i sh u i a l
r , r n a,

De pal
pc uv

Be th u b th u b th
o , e o , e ou we a k s ft)
o

A d v y s
n er p ish ! oo n er

G o th u i t t h
o th
n o e e ar ,

My I
a th se ev m ee ne er or e !
B i g k iv s k iv s
r n n e , n e ,

G iv e p u t) i t t h n o e e ar th .

The n t he k n i fe is st uck thr e e se ve n or n i n e time s i n to the e ar t h I f

, , .

the child or a gr own pe r so n has a bl e e di n g at t he n o se some of t he blood is ,

c ov e re d with e ar th an d t he follo wi n g v e rse r e p e ate d

,

Pcu v ush, dv t ut e

Pc uvush, a ai l v ma g n e,

De tr e c ve ske

H in may t it
a e !
S ik l ava

Pc uv u s, I giv e t o th e e,

Pc u u o h t ak e fr o m me
v s, ,

G iv e it t o thy chil d ,

I t is v e r y wa m r ,

T k e it qu ickly !
a

If the child has p ai n s in the stom ach t he hai r o f a bl ack dog is b ur n ed ,

to po wder an d k n e ad e d with t he mothe r s milk an d som e o f the f a ces of

the child i n to a p aste This pre sc r iptio n occ ur s in t he magic al medical

.

for m ul as o f MA R C EL L U S B U R DI G A L ENI S t he cour t physici an at Rom e i n ,

-

the fourth ce n tur y : Cap e mel at t icum e t ste r cus i n fan tis quod prim um
62 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

de mit t i t ,statim ex lacte mulie r is quoe pue r um allact at pe r mi sce bis e t sic
i n un ge s
&c , Most of t he pr e scr iption s of M ar cell us we r e of an ci e n t
.

Etrurian o rigi n an d I h ave fo un d man y of them still i n use in the

,

Rom ag n a Tosc an a This is put i n t o a cloth an d boun d o n the belly o f

.

t he child W he n it falls asl e e p a ho le is b ored i n a t r ee an d t he paste put

.

i n to it The h ole is th e n stoppe d up with awoode n pl ug an d whil e this

.
,

is bei n g don e t he followin g is r e pe ated

An d ilra
'

po r p re
a ,

A n dr e s le
e ne b sh a!
e

B sh a b
e e sh tu k th ! '
tI e

Pe n v, pe n v m tu te e

De par t b lly fr o m t he e

Liv i t h g
e ! (t
n
) e reen ree

R m i
e m i th u h
a n, re a n o ere !
I ysaI y t t h, e l sa o e

The bl ack dog is i n man y c oun tri e s assoc iate d with sorcery an d
di abolic al i n ue n ce s an d in Eur ope an heathen d o m it was an emblem of

,

the evil pri n cipl e The bl ack de mon Oe r n ob og was r e prese n ted by t he
.

Sl avs as a black dog A mon g t he W all achian s th e re is a h o r r ibl e v ampir e

.

li ke creat ur e call e d Pr iccolit sh or Pr i culics who appe ars as a man in n e

, ,

he althy c o n diti o n b ut by n ight he be comes a dog kills pe opl e by t he me re

, ,

touch an d dev our s them
, The bl ack dogs o f F aust an d of Cor n e li u s
.

A gripp a will o cc ur t o most re ade r s .

Gypsies h av e always be e n r e gar de d as sorcere r s an d chi ld ste ale r s an d -

,

i t is r e mar kabl e th at Lilith t he moth e r of all witchcr aft did the sam e
, , .

A t t he pre se n t day t he Sl av on i an gypsies h av e spe lls ag ai n st s uch a spi r it .

I n t he Ch ald ae an m agic as se t for th by Le n or man t as I h ave al r e ady

, ,

stated the powe r s o f e vil ar e i n carn at e diseases th e y ar e se ve n in n umbe r

, , ,

a n d t hey ar e i n voke d by m e an s o f v e rse s which be ar an e xtraordi n ar y

r e sembl an c e to those which ar e still c ur r e n t i n It aly as we ll as i n othe r

co un tr ies A ccor di n g t o some wr it e r s this is all m e r e ch an ce coi n cide n ce

.
,

o r due to co n curre n t c aus e s an d simil ar co n ditio n s i n di ffe r e n t co un trie s .

64 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

wh e r e p r ove d its exist e n ce i n that quart e r as e ar ly as t he eighth c e n t ur y .

I t may h av e bee n o f Man ich aean origi n It has be e n p re se r ve d up to .

the pr ese n t da y i n all the l an ds o f E aste r n E ur op e an d wi th ce r t ai n ,

!

m odic atio n s exists amon g Ge r man s an d J e ws

, Though at t r ibuted to .

Si sy n ios the imme di ate fo llo we r o f MA N E S as chie f o f t he M an ich aean s it

, , ,

se ems to have bee n d e r iv e d fr om an ear li e r O r i e n t al t al e which b e ca m e the

basis o f all l ate r for mul a I giv e it he r e in the Ro uman i an for m which .
,

close l y rese mbles the old on e He r e as i n all t he o the r v ari an ts t he .

, ,

de m o n is a femi n i n e on e The follo wi n g is t he lege n d .

I , I c ame d own f m t he Mo u n t o f O liv s aw t he Ar c han g e l G ab r i e l

Si sve as, ro e ,
s

as h e me t t h A ve st i t z wi n g o f S at n an d se i z d h e r by t he h ai an d ask e d h e r
e a, a , e r

wh e r e h e w a go i n g
s A n d sh an s we e d th t she w s g o i n g t o ch e at t he holy V i gi n
s . e r a a r

by he r tr icks st al t he e w b o n child an d d i n k its bl ood

, e n -
T he ar ch a g e l ask e d h e r
r ,
r . n

h ow h e c o u ld ge t i n t
s h o u s e s so as t o ste al t he chil d e n an d she an swe r e d th at she
o r ,

c h an g e d h e s e l f i n t
r y o a c t o s u ch f r ms Bu t wh osoe ve r k n e w h e r twe lve
o a r a r o .

n d a h al f n in e te n ) n m e s an d wr t e th e m o u t she c o u ld n o t t o u c h t o ld him
a
( e a Sheo .

t h e s e n am e s an d th e y we e wr itt e n d o wn

,
r .

The r e is a Co ptic as we ll as a Gr e ek par allel to this The fai r y .

who steals the chil dr e n is c alled Lilith an d is furth e r i de n tie d with ,

H e r odi as an d he r twelve daught e r s as pe r so n i cat ion s o f di ffe ren t ki n ds of

fe v e r
. This is e xt r e me ly i n te re sti n g as it c asts some light o n a q ue stion ,

which has greatly p uzz l e d all wr ite r s o n witchc r aft as to how or wh y Her odi a s
was so ge n erally wor shi pped i n c o mp an y with D i an a by witches as a godde ss
in Italy T his is m e n tion ed by PI P ER NU S G R I L L A NDU S M I RA N D O LA an d
.
, , ,

H O R S T The n ame is probabl y much olde r th an th at o f t he He r odi as of the

.

Ne w Te stam e n t .
 C HA PTE R IV .

S O U T H S L A V ON I A N
A N D O T H ER G YP S Y WI TC H L O RE T H E WO RD S FO R A
-
.

W I T C H V I L A S A N D TH E S P I R I T S o r E A R T H A N D AI R WI T C H ES E GG ,

,
-
S H ELL S A N D E G G L O R E E GG P R O V ER B s O V A DE C R U C I B U S .

HE RE is c ur r e n t in t he whole
o f the So uth e r n S l av o n i an pro

v i n ces a vast m ass o f l e ge n ds

an d other lor e r el ati n g t o

witches which i n t he opi n ion
, ,

of Dr . FR I E D R IC H S KRA U SS may als o be

.
,

r eg ar de d as R oman y S i n c e it is h e l d i n
,

co m mo n with the gy psie s Ther e can .

,

i n de e d be very little doubt th at most o f it

,

was de r i ved o m or disse mi n ated b y the m

'

, , ,

si n ce the y have been the pri n cipal m aster s

in magic an d doctors i n m e dici n e in the
Sl avo n ic l an ds for m an y cen t ur i e s There .

ar e o t h e rs dee ply lear n e d i n this s ubj e ct who

sh ar e t he same Opi n io n it be i n g cert ai n,

that t he gypsies could hardly h ave a

s eparate the ms e lves an d o n e for m agic pr actices on others an d ,

I Q
66 GYP SY SOR CER Y .

I t rt ai n n o doubt that th e y ar e s ubst an ti ally t he s ame ; but to avoi d

en e

o ssible error an d co n fus io n I give w h at I h ave t ake n i n th is ki n d o m

-

p ,

Dr KRAU S S an d othe r s b v itsel f

.
1
.

A s t he E n glish w lz
ord w i t c A n glo Saxon Wi cca comes from a r oot , ,

implyi n g wisdom so the p ur e Sl avon i an word c st i ca Bul gar ian vj cr ci r i ca

,
2
, ,
I

n o wi n g o r we ll i n for med
( m as c u li n e v i e st a c) m,e an t o r igi n al ly the o n e
,
k ,

an d it has p r es e rv e d t he s ame
p o w e r i n allied l an uage s
g as Veaa
( N ew ,

S lov e n ish) k n owl e dge Veda vi ca a fortun e te ll e r by c ar ds Vi edma ( Russian )

, ,
f
,
-
, ,

a witch an d Vcdw i n, f a t i d i cu s I n m a n y pl ace s e speci ally i n

,
D a lm a ti a .
, ,

witch e s ar e mor e ge n tly o r l e ss pl ai n ly call e d Kr r t aca the crossed fr o m , ,

Kr r t a cr o ss i a xpw r s or Rogulj a
, , . .
, hor n ed de r i v e d fr om associ ati o n
, , ,

with the hor n s o f d e vils I n Cr oati a t he It ali an Str ig a is use d whil e amo n g
.
,

the Slov e n e s an d K ai Kr oat s t he te r m copcr n i ca ( m asculi n e copr nj ak)

-
B ut , .

it en r ages t he witch e s so m uch to b e calle d by this wor d that whe n they

hear th at an y o n e has use d it t h e y come to his h ouse by n ight an d t e ar
him in four pi e ce s which the y cast afar i n to t he fo ur q uar te r s o f t he e ar th
, ,

e a an d th e r e u n to c ar r y away all t he swi n e h or ses d c ttl so i t l

y , an a e n o e r , , ,

able i s th e i r wr ath The r e for e me n use t he wor d hma n a z e n a o r

.

,

commo n wo man lun a n a b e i n g t he Sl avo n ic p r on un ci atio n of the Ger m an
,

wo r d gcm ei n or co mmo n , I n D alm ati a an d far i n to Se r vi a a witch is .

call e d maci sn i ca an d m agic maij a whi ch is e vide n tly e n ough t he Itali an

. , , , ,

magi a But the r e ar e witche s an d wit che s an d it app e ar s that amon g t he

.
,

Sudslavi sc he H e x e n sage n , Mi t t h e i lun gcn
s llsch ft i de r A n th p l gisch e nro o o Ge e a n

Wi en xiv B d 1 8 8 4
. M di zi isch Z ub p u h
. an e, u Sl i B s i d .

e n e a ers r c e a s av o n e n , o n en, er

H c g vi n u d D lm ti
er e o W i 1 8 8 7 S G l u ck u d S chicks l i m V l ksgl u b
a n a a en .

en, . te a, n a o a en

de Sii d l v
r Wi 1 886
s a en .

Sud l i h P t g Wi 1 8 8 3
en, .

s av sc e e s sa en .

en, .

Wi t b M di v l E glish wi b th m sc u li
c . d f mi n i
e a
e wiz d
a w itch n cc c, o a ne an e n e, a ar , a .

A gl S x wi
n o- m sc u li wi f mi i
a on Wicca, is c u pti Of mi rg c mm ly
a n e, ccc, e n ne . cca a or r on a, o on

us d e sh t f m f wi t g p pt s
as a or m gicior s c oA gl S x wi t e a, a r0 ,
eer, a an , o r or e rer . n o- a on an ,

t lli d t wi t t k w S imil ly I l dic it ki wi d is f m i t t k w

o se e , a e o an , o no . ar c e an a ,
a zar , ro v a
,
o no .

Wi z d N m F ch wi d t h
ar ,
or igi l O ld F n ch be i g gui t s g ci u s
an -
ren r c ar ,
e or na re n t ca r , a a o .

I c l dic iz l cl e v
e an ,
k wi g
v w ith F
r ,
ch ui d er G m orl t h d no n ,
ren s x ar as er an ar ,
ar , ,

st g ( S E T Etym l
r on

It A T h t is wi
,
d v y wis W it d wisd m h
o . a z ar-
,
er e . an o e re

ar e r alli d t
n ea witc h c ft d thi n p titi s d t h e b ou ds divid
e o ra , an ar on o n e .
 SO U TH SLA VONI A N A ND O TH ER G YP SY WI TCH L OR E -
. 61

l e ar n edthe vj cr t i ca di ffe r s fr om t he ma ci on i ca an d this fro m t he Z lokobn i ca

f
,

who as the evil meete r or on e whom it is un lucky to e n co un ter i n the

,
-
,

mor n i n g is probably on ly on e who has the evil eye A quotatio n from a

, .

Servi an autho r i t y giv e n by Dr KRA U S S i s as follows ,

.
,

h e d f m Old H dz
I ha ve d K dij s th t e v y fe m l e W ll ch
of e n t ar ro o as an a a , a er a a a ,

as s a hoon f ty y ss ld b d s t h G d b with u s
s e is or d b e c om e se ar o , a an on e

o e an a

witch ( vj t i ) t l e st er zl k n i
ca m i i
, A e al witc h h
or a ma k fa a o o ca or a c on ca. r as a r o a

ss un d h
c ro se zl k l n i
er h s m e h i s f a be r d d m i ni m y be
er no , a o o ca as o a r o a , an a ac o ca a

k ow by f h d full f d k f lds ( f ow s ) with bl ood sp ots i h f c e

n n a or e ea Ni z
o ar o r n ,
-
n er a

e l i br i
p p vi'
d l V r i t V
o w i Pc a w
'
a. p 93 U It . v . cc ca. an cc ,

, .

reOf
at n umber o f S o uth S l avo n i an
t he term s for the v erb to
g
e n ch an t o r be witch it m s uf c e to sa that the com m e n ceme n t r at i
a
y y , ca , ,

ca r i ca r a n i ca r ov n i k & c appear , to have much more ai n i t y to t he , .

,

ypsy cizar a va o ste al or s wi n dle an d ch art b a n i a wi t ch th n t o the

g t '
-
, a ,
-
, ,

It alian ci a r lat an o an d the Fre n ch an d E n glish cb ar lat a n fr om whic h

, ,

D r KR A U S S der ives them

. .

TH E V I LA s
-
S YLV A NA E L E M E N T A R Y S P I R I T S .

mon g t he Sl avo n ic an d gypsy races all witchcraft fairy an d Folk

A ,

lore rests mai n ly upon a belie f i n ce r tai n S pirits of t he wood an d wold ,

o f e arth an d wate r which has m uch i n co mmo n with that o f t he Rosi,

c ruci an s an d PARA C E L S U S b ut m uch mor e with t he gypsy mythology ,

(
.
as give n by W li slocki

Vom W a n de r n de n Z i e un e r v olke
g pp 49, ,

.

which is app are n tly in a great measur e o f di r e ctly I n di an or igi n .

I n t he Vi le says D r KR A U S S
also k n o wn as Sa m , o vi lc Sam odi vi .
,
'
,

,

a n d Vi le vr a ci we h ave n e ar rel ation s to t he forest an d e ld spirits or

j '
, ,

the wood an d mos s folk of Middl e Ger m an y Fran ce an d B av ari a ; -

, ,

t he wild peopl e o f E i fel Hesse Sal z b ur g an d the Ty r ol ; the wood , , ,

.

wome n an d wood me n o f B ohemi a the Ty r olese Fa nggcn Fd n kcn Nbr kcl

'

-
, , ,

a n d Ha y L adies ; t he Roum an ish O r ken Eugua n c an d Di a lcn ; the D an ish

pp , ,

Ellckon cr the Swedish Skogr n uf v z a

an d the Russi an
c j s c ; while i n

c ert ai n res ect s the y h ave ai n it y with the T euto n i c Va lk y r i es Y et the
p y .
68 G YP SY SOR CER I C

diffe r on the wh ole from all of the se as from E n glis h fai r i e s in be i n g, ,

m or e like divi n ities who exert a con st an t an d familiar in ue n ce for go od

'

e v il human b e i n gs an d who ar e pr ayed to o r exorcised o n all '

or on ,

occ asio n s Th e y h av e howeve r the i r exact parall e l am on g the Re d I n di an s

.
.

, ,

o f North A m e ri c a as amo n g the E skimo an d it is e vide n t th at th e y ar e

,

o r igi n ally de r ive d fr om the old or p r ime v al Sham an ic faith which on ce ,

S p r e ad all ov e r t he e art h It is ve r y true as Dr KR A U SS re m ar ks that

.
,
.
,

i n the W e st o f Eu r ope it i s be co mi n g almost impossible t o t r ace this tr ue

or igi n of spir its n ow r e garded as me r ely di abolical o r otherwise put i n to ,

n e w r oler ; but amon g t he South Sl avon i an s an d gypsi e s we can still n d

th e m in ve r y n e ar ly the ir old for m an d pl ay i n g t he same par ts W e .

can still n d t he V il a as set for th i n old b all ads t he i n carn atio n o f beaut
y ,

an d powe r t he b e n e vol e n t fri e n ds o f s uffe rers the ge n i uses of h e r o e s t he

, , ,

dwe llers b y r ock an d river an d gr e e n wood t r e e B ut th e y ar e impl ac abl e .

i n their wrath t o all who de c e iv e the m or who br e ak a promise ; n ay , ,

they i n ict t e r ribl e p un ishmen t e v e n on those who distur b the i r ri n gs o r t he

dan c e s which th e y m ake by midsumm e r moo n light He n ce t he pr ove r b .

a pli e d to an
p y m an who s udd e n l
y fe ll ill : N airo
j c na vi li n ska kolo
f

H e step pe d o n a fair y r i n g
Fr o m this ar bitrar y e xer cise o f power
we n d t he Vil a r e pr ese nt ed at tim e s as a spi r it who pun ishes an d
tor m e n ts .

Th us we ar e t old that the r e was On ce a she ph e r d n amed STA Nx o . ,

who pl aye d b e auti fully on the ut e O n e e v e n i n g he was so abso r be d

.

i n his o wn m usic th at when t he A ve Mari a bell r u n g i n ste ad of r e p e ati n g ,

t he p r ay er he pl ay e d it A s he e n d e d he saw a V il a S itti n g o n a h e dge

. .

A n d from th at h our she n ev e r le ft him B y t abl e by his bed at wo r k

.
, ,

or pl ay t he whit e form an d un e ar thly eyes of t he spirit we r e close

,

t o him .

B y sp ll t him u k w
a e o n no n,

H c u ld v b l
e o ne er e a on e .

W itche s an d wi zards were s um mon ed to aid him b ut t o , no a a v il ;

n ay , it m ade matter s worse for t he V il a n ow O fte n beat him
, , an d when .
 SO U TH SLA VONI A N A ND O TH ER GYP S Y WI TCff L -
ORE . 69

people aske d him why it was he r e pli e d that the Vil a did so b e cause
,

he r e I se d to wan de r out i n t o t he world with he r A n d y e t agai n he .

would be discov e red i n t he top o f a t r ee boun d with b ast ; an d so it ,

we n t o n for ye ars till he was n ally fou n d o n e mo r n i n g dr own e d i n a

,

ditch So in t he W ol f D i e trich l e ge n d t he h e r o r e i se s t he lov e of di e

.

r a ulze Else an d is m ade mad by t he witch an d r u n s wild

,
A ll of .

which is ide n tic al with what is told in an A l go n ki n t al e ( a i de The

A lgo n ki n Le ge n ds of Ne w E n gl an d
'

The r e ar e th r e e ki n ds of witche s or Spi r its am on g t he Southe r n

Slavon ian s which cor r e spo n d in e ver y r e spect e xactly t o tho se i n which t he
gypsi e s be li e ve The r st of the se ar e t he Z r acn e Vi le or ae ri al spir its The se
.
,
.
,

like t he spir its of the air of Sc r iptur e ar e e v ily d ispose d to h um an b e i n gs

,
-
,

playi n g them mischie vous tr icks or i n icti n g o n the m fatal i nj ur i e s The y .

lead them astr ay by n ight like Fr i ar Rus h an d Robi n Good fe ll ow o r t he

, ,

En glish gypsy Mullo doodr o r bewilde r an d fright e n the m i n to mad

,

n e ss
. O f t he se c o n d ki n d ar e t he Earth spi r its P oz emn e Vi le i n gyps y , ,

P c v ur hi or P vur hi The se ar e ami able n obl e an d compan ion abl e

.
, ,

b e i n gs who often give sage coun se l to me n

,
Thirdly ar e t he W at e r .

spr it e s in Sl avon i c P ov odn e Vi le i n gypsy Ni v a sixi who ar e t o t he

, , ,

high e st de gr e e vi n dictive at time s y e t who behav e ki n dly t o me n whe n

,

the y mee t the m on l an d But woe to those who while swim mi n g e n cou n ter
.
, ,

the m i n str eams or l ake s fo r then t he gobli n s grasp an d whi r l th e m abo ut

,

u n til the y p e r ish Fr om this acco un t by Dr KR A U S S it app e ars as i f

. .
,

this Sl avon ic mythology we r e de riv e d o m the gypsy rstly bec ause it is '

, ,
.

m or e i mpe r fe ct than t he l att e r an d se co n dly because i n it Vil as or

, , ,

spi r its ar e con I se d with witches whil e am on g t he gypsies the y ar e cl e arly

, ,

se p arate d an d disti n ctly d e n e d .

Dr W L I SL O C I t I says
. Vom Wan d Z ige un e r v olke p 2 53 ) that
.
, .

g ypsi e s ar e still a race giv e n to Sh aman ism b ut

y e t th e y r e ver e n c e a ,

highest bei n g u n der t he n ame of de vla or de This is ho we ver t he

f

, ,

c ase to day with all believe r s in Sh am an or Sor c e r y re ligio n t he di ffe r e n c e -

,

b e t wee n t h e m an d mon othe ists bei n g that this high e st god is little wo r
7 G YP S Y SOR CERY .

Shi p pe d or e ve n thought o f all pr act i ca l devotio n be i n g paid to spi r i t; ,

who ar e really thei r sai n t s B y close e xami n ation the G ypsy r eligi on like . ,

that of the co un t r y fol k i n I n di a appears to be absolutely ide n tic al in

-
,

Spi r it with t hat of A mer ican I n di an s A n d I should say th at the mo n k .

men tion ed by PR E T O R I U S who de cl ared th at though God an d Christ ,

Sho uld d am n him ye t he could be sav e d by appeali n g t o Sai n t Jose ph

, ,

was n ot v e ry far r emoved from bei n g a Sh aman i st .

The H un gari an gypsies ar e divided i n to tribes an d on e o f these the , ,

K ukaya belie ves itse l f to be de sc e n ded fr om the P cuv ur hi or earth

, ,

fairies accordi n g
, to t he followi n g story n arr ated by Dr H von ,
. .

W L I SLO C It I in his pape r on the ge n e alogy an d family r el ation s of the

T ran sylv an i an Te n t Gypsies

Man y
th usan d ye s g th e e we r e y e t in t he w ld v e y fe w P l mu bi Th s e
o ar a o r as or r c v r . e

are be i gs f hu mn f m dwe lli g u d e

o t he e th T h e th y h v citi e s b ut the y
an or n n r ar . er e a e ,

v y oft c m e t t h w ld b ve T h e y
er en o ugly d th i m n
o e c ve d with
or a o . ar e , an e r e ar e o re

h i a r.
(A ll f this i dic t s p hist oic s u bt c lik n
e t h e Eskim fu
a e a re or e r r an e an ra e o, r

Th y c e y 05 m r t l gi ls f wiv s Th i li fe is hidd e i t he gg f bl ck h
ar r o a r or e . e r n n e o a a en .
"

This is t he sam e as that of t he O r co or Ogre in t he It ali an tale ,

I Racco n ti delle Fate Cesar e da Causa Flor e n ce 1 8 8 8 W hoeve r , ,

, .

kil ls the he n an d thro ws t he e gg i n to a r un n i n g stre am kills t he ,

pc/ I u vuslz
'
.

u g P hti u h w m c m u p t t h w ld d t i
On c e a y o n c

f i g
v s f st o an a e o e or an sa n a a r r een or e .

Sh w v y b u ti fu l y u th sl pi g i t h sh d
e sa a er ea d s id Wh t h ppi ss it m u st b
o ee n n e a e , an a a a ne e

t h s u ch h u sb d Mi is u gly H h u sb d wh h d st l sil tly f h

o ave a an . ne so er an , o a o en en a te r er,

h d this
e ar d r d Wh t g d id it w u ld b t l d my wi f t this y u g m
, an re ec e 1 a a oo ea o e o en e o o n an

till he sh ll h v b
s f mily f b u ti fu l child
a a e Th I c u ld s ll th m t my ich
or n e a a o ea r en en o e e o r

P hu f i ds S h s id t his wi f Y u m y liv w ith this y u th f y s if

c v s r en . o e t
a o e : o a e o or en e ar

y uow ill p mis e t giv e m i

ro t b t h b ys t h giols w hich y u m b t him
e e Sh er e o or e r o ay e ar o .

e

a g e d t this Th t h P hI I tI b g t si g
re o . en e c

v s
'

e an o n

y i
Fort sti g cc u nt f
a t h ve
myst i u
r s ly d w
n erefs f n a o o e er o e ar ar o Gr e a t B it i n
r a t he

re d may c s u lt E th H u s s d th i I h bit ts by D vid M

a er

on ar o e an e r n a an ,

a ac Ri t c h i e , in
Th e
T e stim y f T diti on L nd T b
o d C ra1 890 on .

o on : r n er an o .
, .
7 3 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

De r De utsche be r gl aub e de r Ge ge n war t 1 8 6 9

V olks A W hen o n e has ,

e at e n e ggs t he sh e lls m u st b e b r oke n up or b ur n ed or else t he h e n s will ,

lay n o mor e o r e vil witch e s will come ove r the m,
A n d i n En gl an d .
,

.S p ai n t he N e the r l an ds or Po r tugal there ar e m an y who be li e ve or say

, , ,

t h at i f t he witch e s can g et such she lls fr om which p e ople h ave e at e n ,

u n br o k e n the y can b y mutte r i n g sp e l ls c ause the m t o gr ow so l ar ge

, , ,

t hat the y can use th e m as b o ats Do m L EI TA S GA N E T Don n a Br an c a .

o n a Co n q uista do A lgar r e Par is howe ve r ass ur es us that is , , ,

a v e r y r isky thi n g fo r t he witch e s be c ause if th e y do n ot r e turn home .

be for e mid n ight the she ll boat p e r ishes whe n c e it h ath come t o p ass th at -
,

m an y of the se sor ce r esses h ave be e n mise rably dr own e d .

H owe ve r an e gg hu n g up i n a house is a l ucky am u le t h e n c e t he

, ,

ostr ich eggs an d cocoan uts r e sembli n g the m which ar e so comm o n i n the

E ast A n d it is to b e o bse r v ed that e v e ry gypsy i n E n gl an d de cl are s

.

th at a pi v i li oi or coco an ut as a gi ft br i n gs bci k or l uck I mysel f havi n g

, ,
'

had m an y giv e n t o me with this assu ran c e This is e vide n tly an d di r ectly .

d e r ive d fr om I n di a i n which cou n t r v th e r e ar e a m ass of r e ligious traditio n s

,

r e fe r r i n g to it .

On c e th e re was gy psy gi l who tic d th t w h

a r no e a en an yb dy ato e e ggs t h y b k e ro e

up t h e
. sh lls
e , an d a ski g why this w d
n c iv d f as on e re e e or an sw er

Yo u m u st b k t he sh e ll t bits f f r rea o or ea

L st t h witch s sh u ld m k it
e e b t my d e o a e a oa ,
e ar .

F orv th o erw y f m h m e se a a a ro o e,

F by ight t he witch e s
ar m
n r oa

.

gi l s id I d t
Th e n t he why t h p witch s sh u ld t h v b ts w ll
r a on se e e oo r e o no a e oa as e as

[
o th p pl
er A d s yi g this h e th w t h sh ll f
eo e.

n a
ggw hich h
n h d b ti g s re e e o an e s e a een ea n as

f h c u ld
ar as s e d c i d w
o i l i l t
, l
an
( W itch
r e th is y,
u b t B u t i an ,
av re er a

e re o r oa

wh t w ha m z m t t e t h sh ll c u ght u p by t h wi d d whi l d w y high

as er a a e en o s e e e a e n an r e a a on

till it b c m e i visibl whil v ic c i d P l

e a n
( I t
e,h k y u e a o e r e , ar a a .

an o

N w it c m t p ss s m tim ft th t t h gypsy gi l w
o a e o a isl n d wh oh e e a er a e r as o n an a ,
e re s e

re m i d s m d ys A d wh
a ne o h w ish d t
e a e tu b h ld g t od w isi n g n d it
. n en s e e o r rn , e o a rea o as r , a

h d w sh d h
a a b t w y he c u ld e thi g f it Bu t th w t k pt g tti g high e
e er oa a a , S o se no n o . e a er e e n r

an d high e d s th e e w
r
,
an ly littl e bit f t h isl d b v t he d d t he gi l
o on r as o n a o e an a o e oo , an r

.th u ght he m u st d w J u st t h n he w a whit b t c omi g ; th e e t i n it wom a

o s ro n . e s sa e oa n r sa a n
 SO U TH SL A V ONI A N A ND O THER G YP SY WI TCff L -
OR E .
73

w ith witch y s h w wi g w ithe b m d bl ck t t h h u ld

e s e J u mp
as r o n a r oo , an a a ca sa on er S o er .

i
n h c i d t t h gi l
s e d th
r e w d h t th ml d
o e r ,
an en ro e er o e r an .

W h h w t h shen st h w om s id T ue u n d th e tim s t t h ight d

as o n e or e e an a rn ro r e e o e r an

l k v y tim t th b t Sh did d v y tim h l k d h w t h b t g ow

oo e er e a e oa . e so, an e er e s e oo e s e sa e oa r

s m ll till it w lik
a er gg T h t h w m s g as e an e . en e o an an

Th a t is t he sh ll e
you th e w r to me ,

Ev e n a w itch c an g t fu l b
ra e e .

S ayi n g this sh e v ish d

an e , c at , b r oo m sh ll
, e , an d all .

Now my st or y is i ly d fa r on e ,

I b e g y ou to t e ll b tt a e er on e .

gar ds these boats which gr ow l arge or small at will we n d

AS re

t h e m i n t he No r se s hip Ski dbla dn er which ce r tai n d war fs m ade an d gave ,

t o Fr e y It is so l ar ge th at all t he go ds an d th e i r ar my can e mb ark in it

. .

B ut wh e n n ot i n use it may b e so con tr a cte d that on e may har mi pungi

Si n e put it i n his p urs e or pocke t T he A lgo n ki n god G lo oskap has .

n ot on ly t he cou n terp art o f Ski dbla dn i r but t he hamm e r of Thor an d ,

h is belt o f s t re n gth H e has also t he t wo att e n dan t birds wh ic h br i n g .

h i m n e ws an d t he t wo wolv e s which me an Day an d Night

, .

A n other l e ge n d giv e n b v Dr KRAU SS r e l ative to witches an d egg .

,

shells is as follows :

By
Kl k liv d ich t v k p
t he d his w i f
e H w
e thi
a d l
r a ern -
ee er an e. e as n an e an

A gra ed wg an whil h w f t s
a er w ll f d pig e s e as as a a a e -
e .

O d y th e c m gy psy w m by Sh b g n t t ll his f t u n by his h d

ne a re a e a o an . e e a o e or e an .

A nd he stu di d it s i u sly h b c m e h s l f s e i u s
as s e d th s id t o him List
er o s e e a er e r o , a n en a ,

en,

y u
o g d t u ood d lt (-
m )
na! D y u rek w w h y y u o slim d
or y u w i fe o o no o ar e so an o r so

t ut ?
s o Nt I
My g d f i e d ( Lut b p l) y u wi fe is

o .

witch Ev y
oo r n e o ra , o r a . er

F id y w h
r a th e is ew m
en
( I d i p t l)
er h id s y u u p
a l ng t h Kl k t oo n rn a e a s e r e o a on e e o

th d il s dan c ( U zc k l )
e ev

H w c th t b
e

S imply n ugh A s o
ra a e .

o an a e

e o . s o n as

y u
o f ll sl pa h slips
a m gic h
ee lt v
, y s
o u h e
e d T h e n y u b c m a h s e a a er o er r a . o e o e a or ,

an d h ide s y u v t h hills d f w y v m ou n t i s a d w ods citi s d s s

s e r o o er e an ar a a o er a n n o , e an ea ,

t o t h e w itch e s g th i g
a er n .

Littl e y o u k n w wh e e y u h v b
o r o a e een,

L ittl e y o u thi k f wh t y ou h ve s
n o a a e en ,

Fo r wh e n y o u a wak e it is all for go tte n, bu t the ri d is h a d

e r for y ou, an d y ou ar e

I !
74 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

wa sti g n awa y , an d dyi g n . T ak e g r ea t c ar e of y u se l f

o r on t he ne xt Fr id ay wh e n th er e is
a n ew m oo n

So t he th u ght it v
gypsy w t O t he xt F id y w h
en h e r way , an d h e o o er. n ne r a en

th me w w the
o on ly b u t ly p t de d t sl p Th hi
as ne E
we n t t o b e d e ar
s
, on re en o ee . en s

wi f c m e sil tly a t t
e th b d sid wi t h t h m gic h lt
en i he h d
as a A s qu ic k
ca o e e -
e e a a er n r an .

as light i g h j u mp d u p s tch d it f m h
n n e n d th w it v he h d e Th , na e ro er, a re o er r ea . en

s h b c m
e i s c d
e a m e, He m u t d he
n a d w y h e w th u gh t h
on , a ar e . o n e r, an a a s e e ro e

i v
a r hills d d l s lik t he wi d till th y c m t t h witch s m ti g
o er an a e e n , e a e o e e

ee n .

H dis m u t d b u d t h m

e t a t o d u s n by t h c mp y w tch d
e , o n e ar e o ree, an , n een e o an , a e

th m e t littl dist ca A ll t h witch s c i d p ts

a e j s F i st th y d c d
an e . e e ar r e o or ar . r e an e

i n i g th
a r n v y p u t h p t n t h g u d a d d c d l e u d it A d
, en e er on e er o o e ro n n an e a on ro n . n

th s p ts w
e e
gg sh lls
o ere e -
e .

Whil h w t ch d th

c m yi g t him witch i wh m h c g iz d hi
e e

a e , e re a e n o a n o e re o n e s

o ld g dm th H w did y u c m h e ? he i qu i d
o o er. W ll I c m h

o my o o e er

s n re .

e , a e e re on

m e I k w t hw W e t y u b g s n a p ssibl I f t h witch
'

ar , no n0 o . o o o e on e as oo s o e. e es

on c e
y u t W ll
se eb ll u p w ith
o
y u K I
n w th t w ll wI iti g f ee ( thi a o . o a e ar e a a n or on

s

on e w his wi f ) asd till h c m s w c t b gi e Th , th

l dl d m u t d
an s e o e e an n o e n .

en e an or o n e

his m e c i d H m ! d wh n h w th e ti d he u p i n t h st bl
ar , r e

o ed we t t
an e e as er e r e a e an n o

be d .

i g his s v t m s id t hi m Th e is m
In t he m or n n i th st bl er an -
an a o :

er a ar e n e a e.

Y s pli d t h m st ; it is mi
e ,

re e S h se t f smith d m d hi m sh
e a er

ne .

o e n or a ,
an a e oe

the m N w wh t v is d
ar e . t witch whil e h is i
o th , f m f im l
a e er on e o a s e n e or o an an a

rem i s na n i h wh n h o e sum s h or t u l sh p n er e s e r e er na ra a e.

Th n h w t ut

d ss mbl d
e j u dici le l g l c mmissi en H l d th o an a e e a a or e a o on . e e e

m mb s t his h u s t ld th m ll his st y l d f th t h m
e er o o d t k ff t h h l t
e, o e a or , e or e ar e , an oo o e a er .

Sh be c m
e w m b f a b u t h s sh e s w
e a f x d t oh f t and h ds as e or e , or e -
o ere a e o er ee an an .

Sh b g e t w p d w il b u t t h j u dg w
e an o pitil ss H h d h th w i t
ee an a , e e as e . e a er ro n n o a

pit fu ll f qu icklim d th u s h w
o b u t t d th A d s i c th t tim p pl e, an s e as rn o ea . n n e a e eo e

b e k t h sh lls f ggs ft
r a eti g th e i c t ts l st witch s sh u ld m k j s
e o e a er ea n r on en , e e o a e ar or

p ts f th m
o o e .

The followi n g stor y on t he sa me s ubj e ct is from a di ffe re n t so ur ce

c Th e r e
gy psy gi l wh w v y cl v w as d wh v h h d
on e a r o as er e er, an en e er s e e ar

p pl t lk b u t witch s h m mb d it w ll
eo e a a O o d y h t k gg sh ll d e s e re e ere e . ne a s e oo an e -
e an

md a sm ll u d h l i n it v y
e a tly d t t h y lk d whit bu t t h sh l l
a ro n o e er n ea , an a e e o an e, e e

sh pu t
e h p f whit s d by st m wh
on a it w v y lik ly t b s
ea o e an a r ea ,
er e as er e o e e en .

Th h enhid h s l f b hi d
s b u sh
e B y d by wh it w ight th
er e cm e n a . an ,
en as n , ere a e

a w itch wh s i g t h sh ll p
,
u c d w d
o, v it wh n it ch g d t
ee n e e ,
r on o n e a or o er , e an e o a

b u ti fu l b t i t which t h witch g t d s il d
ea oa ,
th w t n ov th e o an a e on e a e r, o er e se a.

Th gi l m mbe d t h w d d s

e te r th gg d
ret u n d it i t e re e or , an oo n a an o er e an r e n o a
 SO U TH SLA VONI A N A ND O THER GYP S Y WI TCH L OR E .
75

b oat Wh v he will e d it w t v t he w ld t pl c s wh
. en e er s f u it a d we en o er or o a e e re r n o I s

a b u d d
o nwh pe pl gav he m u ch g ld f s u ch thi gs
e , or e re k iv s d sciss s o e e r o or n as n e an or .

S o h e g w ich
s d h d
re h u se Th e b t h hid w y c
r an fu lly i bu sha a ne o . oa s e a a ar e n a .

Th w y vi ou s wick d wom
e re wh m t h
as gi l h d b f i de d m an y
a ve r en , e an , o e r a e r en

a tim d wh h t e d h
e , an ll t h m e f it A d this c
o tu t ta w k spyi g d er a e or or . n re a r e se o or ,
n an

s n ea ki g t d ut t h s c e t f t h gi l s p sp ity A d t l st h disc v d t he
n , o n o e e r o e r

ro er . n a a s e o e re

b oat d s u sp cti g s m e thi n g hid h s e l f i t h b u h h d by t w tch

, an , e n o , er n e s ar o a .

B y d b y t he gi l c m w ith a b sk t fu ll f w s f h t d
an d d wi g r a e a e o ar e or er ra e , an , ra n

o u t t he b t s id T A f ic wh e of i t w Th w m w tch d d w aite d
oa , a ,

O r a n e . e o an a e an .

A ft f w h u s t h gi l
er a et u d H b t w fu ll f thi gs st ich f th s d
o r e r re rn e . er oa as o ne n ,
o r ea er an

g ld
o f u it , d st g r w s ll f w
anhich h c i d i t hr an h u s e o er ,
a o s e ar r e n o er o e .

Th t he w m pu t th b ten th w t d s id T A f ic !
o an Bu t h e oa on e a er, an a ,

o r a

s e

d id t k now t h w d by m e n s f which it w
no ch g d f m
e gg sh
or ll d w hich a o as an e ro an e -
e , an

m d it y lik th u ght
a e S it we t l g t h w m c i d F st
e o b u t it . o as n a on e o an r e ,

a er

n e ve h e de d h
r Th h e c i d g i in g t g er d t l st
. xcl im d en s e r e a a n a re a ra e, an a a e a e ,

G ds m g t n with y u ! Th t h e sp ll w b k d t h b t tu n d

I n o na e e o o en e as ro en, an e oa r e

int sh ll m d d g t lli g
o gg an d t h e w e w -
w i t
e h , an o an as ro ne n e re a ro n se a.

The eggs o f Maun dy Th ursday ( Wi t t en

Egg lore is i n exhaustible
-
.

Don n e r t ag) says a wr iter i n The Queen prote ct a house ag ai n st thun der
, ,

a n d li ht n i n g b ut i n fact an e h un g u i a ge n e r al p r otectio n h e n c e
g gg p s , , , ,

t he ostrich e ggs an d coc o an u ts o f t he E ast Som e other ver y i n te r e sti n g .

,

i tems i n t he commun ic atio n r e fe r r e d to ar e as fo llo ws

W I Tc rI ES -
l id
A ND A sc e si EGGs T o
D y i th . f f
h ng a an egg a on n on a n e r oo o a

h use s ys R gi ld S c t i 1 58 4 p s ve th t h s m f m ll h u ts P b bly

o , a e na o n ,
re er e a e ro a r . ro a

this w w itt with as e ye t r th h u tsen is in g f m w itchc ft i c n e cti with

an o e

r

ar ro ra ,
n on on

w hich ggs w su ppo s d t p ss ss c t i myst i u s p w s

e e re I N th G m y
e o o e er a n er o o er . n or er an ,

if y u h v o d si t a e th l di s of t he b mstick
a e re M y D y th i f stiv l y u
o se e e a e r oo on a a , e r e a , o

m u st t k eg g al id e M u dy
an T h u sd y d st d w h a f u dson m t ; a n r a , an an e re o r r oa ee

o r ls y u m u st g i t ch u ch G d F i d y b u t c m e out b f t h bl ssi n g I t
e e o o n o r on oo r a , o e or e e e .

w as f m ly qu itor ticl f d m stic b li f th t t h sh lls m u st b b k

er e an ar ft e o o e e e a e e e ro en a er

e a ti g e ggs l st t h witch s sh u ld s il u t t
n , e i th m ;
e Si Th m s B w e e o a o o se a n e or , as r o a ro n

d cle d l st t h y sh u ld d w
ar e , e p ick th e i e m s th i n d e i u ly mischi f

o ra or r r na e ere , an v ne c o s e

th ep s wh h d p t k
e r on f t he gg o N th G m a s ig i n g this
ar a sid f en o e . or er an , n or e o

t h qu sti
e
y eB k t h sh
on , sa lls o y u w ill g, t t h

g u read N th l d s edvis e e r o e e . a c an e e r an er a

y u
o t s c u y
o u s l f g e i st t h re tt cks f this
o dis g bl
r e visit by
a a n ti g E st e a a o a reea e or ea n on a er

Dy a c oupl f ggs which w l id

a e G d F id y
o e ere a on oo r a .

SC OTT S H S U P ER T T O NS S c tch sh e s wh m y b e ck d I m g t h m st

I S I I . o r , o a e r on e a on e o

s u p e stiti u s
r f f lk b e li e ve th t c t y wi ds d m u ch c se qu e t v x ti n f
o o o s, a on r ar n an on n e a o o
76 G YP SY SOR CE R K

spi it will b t h
r s u lt f h vi g ggs
e e b d with th m ; whil i n t h we st f
re o a n e on o ar e e e o

E gl n d it is c sid
n a d e y u l u cky t b i g bi ds e ggs i t t h h u s lth u gh th y
on ere v r n o r n r

n o e o e, a o e

m y be h u g u p with imp u ity u tsid

a n M G eg i his F lkl n f t h N th o e . r. r or , n

o or e o e or

E sta f S c tl d
o give s u s s m c u i u s p r tic ul s c n c i g chick n s
o an ,

o d th e r o a ar o e rn n e , an e

b st m th ds f s c u i g s ti s f ct y b d The he it s ms sh u ld b e t
e e o o e r n a a a or r oo . n ,
ee , o se on

a n o dd umbe nf ggs t h e ch r ao c s th t m st i f t
e ,
l l
or w ill b ddl d m u
an e ar e a o ,
no a ,
e a e a o rn

ful p sp ct f ro th e h n wi fe ; ls th y m u st b pl c e d u d t h m th e bi d ft
or e e a o e e a n er e o r r a er

su s t n e ,th chick s will be bli d

or e I f th w m en wh p f ms this c i s n . e o an o e r or o ce ar r e

he e ggs w pp d u p i h e r ch e mis s u lt ill bi ds s m s

t ra eth w b h
n ; if h w e, e re e en r s e e ar a an

h t c cks
a , F u th m e it is
o . w ll f
r h
er t epe t
or s t f ch m A i th
, as e or er o r a a or o ar ,

n e

g e t h
e i A r,t h
t g t

hi n o e ee r.

Th e e m y f m e s wive s e v n i t h p s t d y wh er ar an ar r

, e n e r e en a ,
. o

w u ld
o v d e m f ll wi n g ggs t b b u ght i to th h u s
ne er r a o a o t k ut eft o e ro n e o e or a en o a er

d k t his b i g d m d
ar xt m ly u l u cky C u thb e t B d m ti o s t h c s f
e n ee e e re e n . r e e en n e a e o

a f m ar s wi f i Ru tl d wh
er

e c i d s tti g of du cks ggs f m
n an ighb u t
o re e ve a e n

e ro a ne o r a

n in e cl ck t ight
o

o I c a t im gi h w he c u ld h v b
n .

an n of lis h s id a ne o s o a e e en so oo ,

a

th egood w m m u ch dist sse d d h visit u p i qu i y w t ld th t d u ck

o an , re , an er or , on n r , as o a s

e ggs b u ght i n t
ro h u se fte s u s t w u ldo a ve b e h tc h d A Li c l shi s u p
o a r n e o ne r a e . n o n re er

sti ri on d cl s th t i f ggs e c i d v u i g w t e th y will b u s l ss f s tti g

e ar e a e ar ar r e o er r nn n a r e e e e or e n

p u r p os e s whil i A b d th e r is id p v l e t m g t h c u t y f lks that sh u ld

e n er een e an ea re a n a on e o n r o o

i t th u d nsh t im b f
er a chick s or h tc h d th y will di i t h sh e ll Th
t e e or e en ar e a e , e e n e . e

s m wis c s m y b c dit d with t h

a e ea re a ti th t t h e y e reth f m e s g u d wi f
e e no on a e ar e ar r

e e

p e n ts him with
res dditi t his f mily is b d s s f t h p u lt y y d
an a on o a a a e a on or e o r ar

Bi s a rn hu k an
y

th cy di u ci th iv i
e n s,

y sa T h p b ebl e ,
xpl
ti r a r e n ac e ar .

e ro a e an a on

b i g th t t h g u d wi f t k e u p with th c
e n a e e f h b i h l ss time t o tt d t
e, a n e ar e o er a rn , as e a en o

th e i g f th ch uc k
r e ar n o e

e n s.

FO RTU NE T E LL NG N NO T H MEE ND B side s t he divi ti
-
I I p ctis d with t h
R U RL A . e na on ra e e

wh it e f gg
o w hich an c e t i n ly
e pp s
, f v g u d u s tis f ct r ay c h ct e t h
a e ar o a a e an n a a or ar a r , an o er

sp ci s f f t u t e lli n g with ggs is i v g u i N th u mb l d t h

e e o or ne -
e f S t Ag s n o e n or e r an on e e ve o . ne .

A m id d si u s f k wi g wh t h fu t u l o d is lik is j i d t b il
a en e ro o no n gg a er re r e, en o ne o o an e .

aft erh vi g sp t t h wh l d y f sti g d i sil c e th t xt ct t h e y lk ll t h

a n en e o e a a n an n en , en o e ra o , e

c vity with s lt d t t h wh l i cl u di g t he sh ll T his highly u p l t bl s u pp

a a , an ea e o e, n n e . n a a a e er

ish e d t h h ic m id mu st w lk b c k w ds u tte i g this i v c ti t th s i t

n , e er o a a a ar , r n n o a on o e a n

S we e t S t A gn e s w r k thy fast.
,
o ,

I f ev I b e t o m ar r y man
er ,

O r m n b e t m ar y me
a o r ,

I h op e him this n ight t o se e .

FR I E D R I C H an d Others asse r t that the sayi n g in Luke xi 1 2 Or .

if he Shall ask an egg S hall he give him a scor pio n ? is a direct

 SO UTH SL A VONI A N A ND O TH ER G YP S Y WI TCI I L -
OR E .
77

r efe r en c e to an cie n t be li e f th at t he e gg typied t he good pr i n ciple an d ,

the scorpion evil an d which is c e r t ai n ly supporte d by a cloud o f

,

wit n e sses in t he for m of cl assic folk l or e The e gg as a c osmoge n ic -

.
,

symbol an d i n dicati n g the origi n of all thi n gs n ds a pl ace i n t he

, ,

mythologie s of man y r aces T hese ar e i n dic ated with much eruditio n .

by FR I EDR IC H Symbolik der N atu r p 6 8 6, , . .

I n Lowe r A lsati a it is beli e v e d th at if a man will take an E ast e r

e
gg i n to t he ch ur ch a n d look abo ut him i f th e re be an
y w itches i n t he ,

co n gr e gati o n he may kn ow the m b y the i r h avi n g i n the i r h an ds piec e s

of po r k i n ste ad of prayer books an d milk pails on the ir heads for -
,
-

bo n n e ts ( W O L F De utsche Mahr che n un d S agen

,
p There is ,

also an an cie n t b e li e f th at an egg b uilt i n to a n e w b u ildi n g will r ot e ct

p
it agai n st evil an d witchc r aft Such eggs we re foun d i n old houses i n .

A l t e n hage n an d I se r lohe n whil e in t he E ast there is a pr ov e rb the egg

, ,

o f t h e ch am

ber ( H amasa of A EU TE M MA N v RUC K ER T Stuttgart , .
, ,

which seems t o poi n t t o t he same pr actice .

The Roman s e xp r essed a dis ast e r by s ayi n g O vum r upt um est ,

(

T h e e
gg is A mo n g othe r e
gg prove r bs I n d the foll owi n g -

Hi s e m l tt s ( F b) i b k n u p
ggs ar e all o e e e r en c . e. , ro e .

Eggs i t h e p giv p c k s b u t n v m chicks ( L w G m )

n an e an a e e er or e o er an .

Nv e chick c m s f m br k e n gg s ( L w G e mn )
er a en o e ro o e o r a .

B d ggs b d chick s
a e ,
H c e i n A m e ic
a b d e gg f
en ma wh is adic lly
. en r a

a a

or a n o r a

b d a d, an g d gg f t h c tr a y

a oo e

or e on r .

Eggs t y t l id no u c t i n chick s ; i
e a

D t c u t y u
ar e nchick e s b f re
er a en . e. , o nO o n o r n e o

th ye h tch d
ar e a e .

T d c fu lly m g e ggs ( G e m )
r ea ar e a on r an .

Th gg p
e t eeds t b cl v re
e th t h
n h o e e er r an e en .

H w its fe th aggs d l ts t h h g
or e e an e e en o.

He wh w ts e ggs m u st o d u t h cl u cki g f t he he ( W tp li )
an en re e n o n es a an .

H thi ks his e ggs

e n f m cc u t t h n th pe pl s h s
ar e o or e a o n a o er o e

en .

O tte n e gg sp ils ll t h p uddi g

ne ro o a e n .

Ro tt ggs d b d b u tt
en e l ways s t d by n e an the ;
an a

g w e ll t g
er e t h a an o o r or o o er .

O ld ggs old l v s d old h s e , o er , an an or e ,

A ith r o tte n f th w se re e e r or or e or .
78 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

( O r igi n al

lt Eye A e r

A lt e F i re er

A lt G u l er a

S i d m ist s f u l )
n e en a .

A ll e ggs ar e of t he s m si z
a (
e Egg s e e ar all lik e )
a ,
he s id
a ,
an d g bb e d
ra t he

bigg st
e .

A slik ggs ( Old R m )

e as e o an .

A sus s ggs
re a e .

Hi ggs ll h v t w y lks
s e a a e o o .

I f y ou h v m y ggs y u ca e h v m y c kes
an e o an a e an a .

H e wh h m y ggs sc tt s m y sh lls
o as an e a er an e .

T th w
o
gg
ro t sp anw e a a ar r o .

T b o w t u bl f
or r o ggs t y t h tch d
ro e or e no e a e .

H lf a eg g is
an w t h m th ll t h sh e ll
or or e an a e .

A d i k ft r n eg g a d l
erp ft an a ppl , an a ea a er an e.

A tt e gg i his f c
ro en n a e.

In the e arly mythol ogy the e gg as a bir d was hatched fr o m it an d , , ,

as it r es e mbl e d se e ds n uts & c fr om which n e w plan ts come was r e garde d

'

, ,
.
, ,

as the g r e at ty e o f p r od uctio n This s ur viv e s i n lov e c h ar ms as whe n

p
-
.
,

a girl i n the Ty r ol beli e ves she can sec ure a m an s l o v e by givi n g him

.

a r e d East e r This givi n g red e ggs at E aste r is possibly d e ri v ed

e
gg .

fr om the an c i e n t Par se e s who did the same at th e i r s pr i n g festival , .

A mon g the Ch r isti an s t he r e p r odu ct ive an d sexual symbo lism whe n t e ,

t ai n e d was appli e d to t he r es urr e ctio n of t he body an d the I mmort ality

,

o f t he so ul He n ce Easte r e ggs A n d as Chr ist by H is cr ucixio n c ause d

. .

this or or igi n at e d the faith we have t he om de cr uci bur the or igi n of

, , ,

which has p uz z l e d so m an y an ti q uar i e s ; for t he cr o ss itsel f was like ,

t he e g a symbol o f li fe i n e arlier times o f r e rodu ctio n an d i n a l ate r

g , . p , ,

a e o f li fe e t e r n al Th e se eggs ar e m ad e of a l arg e S i z e of whit e gl ass

g .

by t he A r me man Christian s .
80 G YP S Y S R CER K O

The side of t he dr um is the n ge n tly st ruck wit h a littl e h amme r an d ,

acc o r di n g to t he positio n which t he se e ds t ake o n t he marks the ,

r e cov e r
y or de ath o f t he p at ie n t is p r e dicte d T he follo wi n g is a pict ur e .

o f a gypsy dr u m as giv e n by Dr W L I SL O C K I . .

The wood for this is cut o n W hitsun day A is tur n e d towar ds t he fort un e .

t e lle r ; n i n e se e ds ar e n ow thrown o n the dr um an d with t he l e ft han d , ,

o r with a h amm e r h e ld i n it t he t ambour i n e is t appe d Sho uld all t he

, .

se eds com e withi n t he four li n es all will go we ll e spe ci ally if th r e e come ,

withi n a d e f
, , I f t wo r o ll i n to t he sp ace be twe e n a i it is l ucky
, .
, ,

for a woman be t ween i an d f for a man

, But i f n e ar ly all fall o utside .

of b b all is un favourabl e T h s ame divi n atio n i s u se d to

, , c
g , , e .

kn ow wheth e r an imals will get we ll an d where stol e n pro pe rty is ,

c o n c e ale d . A ll o f this corr espo n ds e xactly to t he use o f the sam e

i n str ume n t by the Lapl an ders for the same purpose s The thor n appl e .
-

is a ve r y poiso n ous pl an t an d t he gy psies ar e said to h ave rst br o ught

,

it to E n gl an d This is n ot true b ut it is e xt r eme ly possibl e that th e y

.
,

u se d it in st upe fyi n g killi n g an d, be witchi n g

,
It is ver y m uch .

e mploye d at p r e se n t by t he V oo doo poiso n e r s i n A m e r ic a .

The Tur ks ar e a Tart ar race an d t he dr u m is use d amo n g the m

,

v e r y ge n erally fo r m agic al p urposes I have on e of these t ambour i which

.
,

I was ass ured whe n I bought it was m ade fo r i n can t ation s It is of

, .

a di am o n d S h ap e has par chme n t o n bot h sid e s an d is i n sc r ib e d with t he

, ,

n am e A ll ah i n A r abic an d t he we ll k n own double t r i an gle o f Solomon

, ,
-
,

with t he moon an d st ar .
CH A R M S OR /
CON UR A TI ONS TO C UR E OR PR O TE CT A NI MA L S
. 81

To kee p dom e stic an imals fr om st r ayi n g or b e i n g stol e n or falli n g ,

ill the y ar e whe n a gypsy r st be co me s their own e r dr iv e n up be for e

, , ,

a r e by his te n t .T hen the y ar e St r uck with a switch which is h al f ,

bl acke d with coal across t he b ack whil e t he fo llowi n g is re pe at e d

, ,

AO t u, a k th e ! a

T u hi n m g !an e

Te Ni vasa t he j i ii n e n

N5 . t u ad al !
di kh en

T i l c hi m an g
r n n a n e,

Me pea d i t u t e n i v

Y k
e d vl a i
o e ,
vr

O K r i t u t it e M i a !
s s, r ar

S tay t h u stay h e r e !
o ,

Th ou t mi n e !
ar

A n d t he Ni vasi wh e n th e y go
Th o u sh alt n o t se e th e m !
T h r e e ch ai n s I h ave ,

I b in d th e e
O n e is G od t he o th e r ( b e yo n d )
,

T h e C h r ist t h e thi r d Mar i a !

, ,

To char m a horse the y dr aw with a coal

, , ,

hoo f an d on the right a c r oss an d murmur ,

O ble s, ob le s t e o b le s !
Ac t u , ac tu my sst e s

NaI '
th

ave hs b g t u te
en

De vlii , de vl a tu t ! e

G ul e de vl b i sh la
E gr ii y e skr o p erd

Mi se ce sc r o dd
Nik o mn ush e n ge 6
K ask m e e dv, l sk
e e z

Sh uksrr e s

tu 66 ,
V o y e s te lii e s ad,

A shun e n ta Pcu u ef v se

Eft l a c a hi m i n g
n n e,

Fe r i n e n adlai
T y s, t y sa e pe d
1 2
82 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

Ro u d u d d u d
n , ro n , an ro n

B th u b th u v y s u d
e o , e o er o n

Th d vil sh ll
e e t c m t th a no o e o ee,

G d G d sh ll b with t h e
o , o a e e

S w t G d d iv w y
ee o r e a a

F m t h h s s b dy
ro e or e

o

Th F th e f Evil !
a er o

B t (g
C t t )
o
y th m
o no o an o er an

T wh m I giv ( s ll ) u t him
o o e e n o

B b u ti fu l
e ea

F lics m
ro d g d
o e an oo ,

Sv
e spi its f th h !
en r o e ar e ar

I h v s v ch i s
a e e en a n ,

P t ct thi
ro e im l s an a

Ev v !
er, e er

The n a pi e ce of salte d br e ad is give n to t he ho rs e an d t he own e r ,

s its
p seve n tim e s i n to his ey es by w hich he , is s u posed to lose all
p
fe ar for su pe r n at ural bei n gs .A cc or di n g t o t he gy psies h or se s e s e ci
p , ,

a ll
y bl ack o n es , can see bei n gs w hich ar e i n visibl e t o h u m an e y es .

I h ave k n own an old En glish gypsy who be lieved t hat dogs c o uld see
g hos t s w h en m en co uld n ot T h e. myste r io us m an n e r i n w hich dog s

an d horse s bet r ay fear wh e n the re is appar e n tly n o t hi n g to dread t he ,

h o wli n g of t he fo r me r by n ight an d t he wild rushe s o f the l atte r , ,

doubtle ss le d t o this opi n ion The bread an d salt will rec al to t he

.

r e ader t he fact th at the s am e was give n at the an cien t myste ries ap

ar e n t l f or t he urpose o f s t re n g th e n i n g t he n eophyte so that he should
p y p
n ot fear t he sup e r n at ural bei n gs wh o m he was supposed t o meet It is .

c urio us to n d this pec uli ar for m o f the s acrame n t admi n istered t o a

horse . A n other protecti ve ch ar m is com mo n amon g t he S outhe rn
Hun gari an gypsies . The dun g of a She goat dri e d an d po wder ed is -

sifte d o n a horse s b ack an d this spell re cited

Mise ce s p a re ,

t e p a!

A n dr l r er

Tr d i k b usakr i
Mi se ge s pe r akr h
84 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

hors e by the gy psie s . The r e is i n fact i n all of th e s e ch arms an d

, ,

exorcisms a gr eat de al which e vide n tly con n ects the m with t he e ar liest
rite s an d re ligio n s
.

I n t he Hun gar i an gypsy tr ibe of t he Ku kuya t he followi n g m e thod

-
,

o f prot e cti n g hor se s is u se d : The an imal is pl ace d by t he te n t r e an d -

the re a little hol e is dug b e for e him i n to which n i n e fo ld grass an d

some hairs fr om his man e an d t ail ar e put The n his l e ft for e hoof .
-

is trac e d o n the groun d an d the e arth withi n it is care fully t ake n out
,

a n d shake n i n t o the hol e whil e the se li n e s ar e r e pe at e d

,

Ye k un uly ka b il e a ,

Tu t b kh i l
e e o n sI s ,

K tu t C l th m
0 or e , e e r e!

Sar e b ald, Cun ula,

Pal !
'
e
pc uv the y ov tI ve l

Pcuvus, d l tu t
a a en e,

Sst e s g ay a m a g
r c n e

A str h i !
a w, a a r

M y y u v b hu g y !
a o ne er e n r

M y h wh st ls y u di !
a e o ea o e

L ik t h h i
e d t h st w e a r an e ra ,

M y h g t th g u d !
a e o o e ro n

E th th s thi gs t th e !
ar ,
e e n o e

My a s u d h s b e mi !
a o n or e ne

he a m ar e an d it is de si r e d that She
oats t o e at out o f an ap r o n or a g o ur d ,

T r i n kami ly , ti j i kl i

a r n u a ,

J
ia l I ii !
'
n en upr e p y
a

C b , pe ar e s hin e r a! p
T r i n ksi n ai ly ti , ti i l
'
r n j uk aI

J
i n en l
p y tl
I,
iI a e e

E ge v an dr asavr e n
Ye k u mu t !I n r e casr e n , d
T r e pe r aI
'
sik pcr e ve n

Th r e e ss s tha e ,
ree d gso ,

Go u p t h hill ! e
CHA R M S OR CON] UR A TI ONS TO C UR E OR PR O TE CT A NI MA LS 85

Eat , ll thy b lly with y u n g ! e o

Th ss s th e d gs
re e a e ,
r e o ,

G d w t h hill
o o n e ,

Th e y cl s t he h l e s o e o ,

Th e y p u t t h e m i ( t he m ) oo n n

Th y b lly b e s n f u it fu l !
e oo r

The moo n has her e remarks W L I SLO C K I

,

a ph allic mean i n g , ,

t he me n ti on of t he ass , an d t he u se o f t he gourd an d apro n ar e symbo ls

Vi da DE

o f fertility G U B ERNA T I S A n im als i n In di an Mythology
.
, ,

i n the chapt e r o n the ass .

There is an oth e r formula for p r ot e cti n g an d aidi n g cattle whic h ,

is practise d amo n g o ther rac e s be side s that of the gypsies ; as for ,

i n stan ce amo n g t he Slovacks of No r the rn Hun gary This I shall leave

, .

i n t he origi n al

Di e s e r V e r wahr un gsmi t t e l b e st e ht d i d
ar n , ass de m g k u ft e a en we iblich e n Th i e r e
de r Man n de n bl an k e n Hi n te r n ze igt , i m mi
e ne nn lic h e n Thi e re a b er cin e we iblich e
P e r s on . Hi e b e i we r d e n di e W t g s gt
or e e a

Sr o kar pal e pu u i r ,

Kiy i m a

In
z
'

g ace t y s !

Wie de r Sch wan t z m B e in

a ,

Sollst du st ts
e be i mir s e i n
Or e lse

Sst r

min e pal e e
p er,

Kiya mzI n ge ac
bu te r !

Wie das L o ch i m L ib e ,

A l so be i mi bl ibr e

To s e cur e s wi n e to the i r o wn e r hole is dug in a turf which

t he

is lled with salt an d charcoal dust which is cove r e d

, with e arth an d ,

t hese words utte r e d

tu t
A dd hi n e

Na s a p i l m g v a en e

DaI v kmaI v
'
t Ut e , so

Pcuvush e y , shun ,
86 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

Co r e s
tu m u k i '

na t

H i m e g t i l i
n n e r n n c a,

T i my l i c U m a

r n a e r ,

K c fe r i n e n me n !

This is thi n e,

Co m t us ! e no to

I giv th wh t I e ee a c an

O h S pi it
f th h r o e ar , e ar !

L t t th
e thi f g !
no e e o

W h v th e ch i s a e ree a n ,

Th v y g d fi i s
ree er oo a r e

W h p t ct u s o ro e .

If t he s wi n e n d t he hole an d r oot it u p they will be tol e r ably as

ce r tai n t o do o wi n g t o the i r fo n d n e ss fo r salt an d charcoal the y will n ot
be sto l e n o r r un away .

The Ur m an , or Fai r i e s ar e s u ppos e d t o b e v e r y favour abl e t o c attl e

, ,

th e r e for e c hildr e n who t or me n t co ws ar e t old Ur m e t ut e n bi ca som n a kun e

a bdy T h f iri s w ill s end gold n appl e s ! I f h

n ot t
pc e a e y o u an
y e e

E n glish gypsi e s had t he wor d Ur me ( an d it may b e that it e xists amon g

th e m e ve n ye t ) this would be I Ur me n ci bi t cizer t ut e ron n a ka i pci by a
, ,
.

But t he mighty char m o f ch ar ms t o pr ot e ct c attl e o m th e ft is t he '

follo wi n g : Th r e e drops o f bl o o d ar e mad e t o fall fr o m t he n ge r o f a

littl e child o n a pi e c e of b r e ad which is gi v e n t o t he an imal t o e at with ,

the se wor ds

Dav tu t t i e '
e t r n n r i I iI

Te rn e s t li a i !
e ac e s vn i

K0 t u t C l dal k
or e , es e

Hi n
'
t t
r tI m i s huty dy
e a s r e !

K ai n r t a t e r t

P alti t e pe r vn ,
YiI kh b iI r e y kh

te y kh te

Si kove sc i l te a
cal
K O k am e l t u t te c all
88 G YP S Y SOR CER }

Wh t a in is vil th ee e

C m f th o e or

H is
e re h m no o e

F th e il e ! or e v on

Wh (d ps f ) bl d c m
en ro o oo o e n ot ,

S ick ss c m s t
ne o e no ,

Th u vil
o e c m f th ! on e , o e or

Tr i n pr n e , t r i n kle ,
Tr i n t cule pshlaj c n k ath e ,
K 0 le n h ii dj i n e l
A6 kiv i m a g
a
'
n e

T h r e e whit e ,
th bl ck ree a ,

Th f t li t g th
ree a h e o e er ere .

Wh v dist u bs th m
oe er r e

Re m i t m ! ( B mi
a n o e e ne

To i n sur e pigs thr ivi n g by a n e w o wn e r some char coal dust is mi n gle d ,

-

with thei r food an d the se wor ds S poke n

Ni vase ske n muk i

t ,

Th e call b en !

t re
c
Mis ce y i a kh ii t ut di khe n ,
T he y o n kai t he mudr e n ,
T u at un c i cb le n

Do n ot le t t he Ni vasi
Eat thy f d oo ,

Evil y s th e
e e se e e,

A d th y h
n h ll p ish
e ere s a er ,

Th d th u
en t th m !
o o ea e

A S a par ticul arly powe r ful conj ur atio n agai n st thi e v e s t he ,

r u n s th r ic e whil e qu ite n ak e d r o un d t he an im al o r obj e ct which he

, ,

to pr ote ct an d r e pe ats at e ve ry tur n

,

O h c o r e y a n il pr e i
I .

Dur e de r n a s w !

T re

vsI st , i

t re punra

A ve n d ki r o dy
T e !I da pe dii l av s ! e

CH A R M S OR /
CON UR A TI ONS TO C UR E OR P R O TE CT A NI MA LS . 89

Oh ,thi f d et g, o no o,

F u th e d
r r t c m ! o no o e

Thy h ds thy f e t
an , e

S h ll d c y
a e a

I f th u t k st t his
o aim l ! e an a

Aothe r t hie ve s b e n e diction is as follows : The own e r goe s at

n

midn ight with the an imal or obj e ct to be p r ot e ct e d to a cr oss r oads an d -

,

whil e l e t ti n g fall o n t he gr oun d a fe w h airs of t he be ast or a bit of t he ,

thi n g wh ate ve r it be r epe ats ,

A da hi n tut e,

Ni ! we p il m ng
a e e,

Dav tu t kiI mv

e, so ;

Pcuvuse y ai ai shun a

T his h m is
o e n ot g od
o ,

He r e I give ( th ee ) bl o d ! o

'
The gypsi e s call t he quail t he devil s bird ( Ci r i clo benger kr o) ,

an d asc r ibe di abolic pr ope rti e s to it ( Vi de CA S S EL 6 an d . The ,

d aughter s of t he Nivasi appe ar as quails i n t he elds by day b ut duri n g ,

the n ight th e y St e al t he cor n To k e e p th e m away it is h e ld good duri n g

.

sowi n g time to pl ace i n e ach o f t he four cor n e rs of the e ld parts o f

-
,

a q uail o r at
, l e ast some of t he fe athe rs of a bl ack he n which has n ev e r
l aid an e gg This superstition is also c ur re n t amon g t he Rouman ian
.

peasan ts of the Sie be n b ii r ge n .

The pr imitive mean i n g of t he myth may per haps be foun d in t he

Gre e k t r aditio n which r e gar d e d t he q uail b e cause it was a bi r d o f ,

passage as a type of r e viv al of sp r i n g or of li fe

, H e r cul e s awake s .

from his swoo n whe n his compan io n Iolaus ( from t he Gr e e k ul ar oc

,

yo uth ) holds a q uail t o his n ose

, H e r c ul e s suffe r e d fr om e pil e psy
.
,

for which dise ase t he an ci e n ts tho ught t he brai n o f a q uail was a spe cic .

The pl aci n g pi e ce s of a quail by t he gypsi e s i n the cor n e rs o f a e ld

, ,

wh e n cor n is sown con n e cts the bi r d with Sp r in g

, A rt e mis a goddes s .
,

o f sp r i n g an d li fe was calle d by t he Ro man s Or ty g i fr m p E

-
, y a o o v a , r ,

quail . The r e fo r e as Sign i fyi n g n e w li fe t he q uail be came itse l f a cure

, ,

l 3
9 0 G YP S Y S R CER I f O

for man y dise ase s A n d it se e ms to b e like t he W r e n also a b ir d o f

.
,

witchcr aft an d sor c e r y or a ki n d o f witch itsel f

,
It is a pr ote ctor .
,

b e cause owi n g to its p ug n acity it was a typ e o f pl uck bat tl e an d

, , ,

victor y . I n Phoe n ici a it was sacr ic e d to H er cules an d the Ro m an s ,

we r e so fan atical i n r e gar d t o it th at A U G U S T U S p un ish e d a city fath e r -

for se r vi n g upon his t abl e a quail which had become ce l e br at e d fo r its

r o we ss A n d so it has b e com e a d e vil s bir d amo n g t he gy si e s b e cau se
p .
p
in t he old time it was r e gar de d as a d e vil of a bird for ghti n g .

The gypsi e s ar e h ar dl y to be r e gar de d as Ch r isti an s but wh e n th e y ,

wish to co n te n d agai n st t he powers o f d ar kn e ss th e y occ asio n ally i n v o ke

C hr isti an i n ue n ce s I f a cow gives bloody milk it is thought t o b e
.

c ause d by he r e ati n g Wa cizt elkr a ut or q uail weed which is a po iso n

, , .

I n such a c ase they spri n kle t he milk on a e ld fr e que n te d by q uails

a n d r e pe at
Dav r ei t iI

tu me n ge
A dd h i n l e !
'

na
I

Ry e skr o K r i st e skr o
' '
I ta
ra I

A di I h i n

my lsI c e '

ame n ge !

A dd hi n '

I give t y ou bl od
o o ,

Which is n t good ! o

T h e L r d Ch r ist s bl o d
o

o

I s t r u ly g ood ,

Th a t i s o u r s !

If am ake s wate r whil e be i n g milke d she is be witche d an d it

co w , ,

is we ll i n s uch a c ase to catch so me o f the ur i n e mix it with on ion ,

pe e li n gs an d t he e gg o f a bl ack he n This is bo il e d an d mixe d with

.

t he c o w s fo od while th e se li n es ar e r e pe at e d

K 0 an d r hi n , avr i a
i vzi ,
Tr i n U r m c in d n le s,
'
a g e Ir
a

Tr i n U r m a tr ade n le s
A n dr e y n de n g ke r r

B e sh e l y v n dr e ke r
o

Hi n l e sk e may y akh ,

Hi n l e ske my p a
9 3 G YP S Y SOR CER Y

De tu ti re
p
'
i I II
'

i
A n dr e qua C h ar i e y a,

A n d e t u sik m u dar a
r

All e vil stay h e r e ,

S tay i n t he l o n g th r e ad ,

In t he n e xt b r o k ( wat e r )o .

G ive thy wat e r ,

J u mp i n C h a g r i n !

T h e r e i n p e r ish qu ickly !

Of t he wid e lysp r e ad an d an cie n t be li e f i n t he magic vi r tues of

-

g ar lic an d r e d wool I have e lse whe r e spoke n That witche s an d gobli n s.

or imps r ide ho r ses by n ight an d the n r estore the m i n t he mor n i n g t o

thei r st alls in a wr e tch e d co n diti o n t r e mbli n g e n fe e bl e d an d with , ,

t an gl e d m an e s is be li e v e d all t he wor ld ove r an d it wou ld pr ob ably b e ,

fo un d th at the Chagri n also g all o ps th e m .

A n oth e r ch arm agai n st this b e i n g co n sists of taki n g some o f t he

hair o f t he an im al a littl e s alt an d t he blood o f a b at which is all
, , ,

mixed wit h m e al an d c ooke d to a br e ad W ith this t he foot o f t he

.

h or s e is sm e ar e d an d the n t he e mpty pipki n is put i n to t he t r u n k o f

,

a high tr e e whil e th e se wo r ds ar e u tt e r e d

Ac t u in k th a e,

Ci n i ds t cut e s A is ! v

St y a l
so g h on e r e,

T ill it sh ll b a e f u ll !

The blood o f t he bat may b e de r ive d o m an Or i e n t al be lief that '

t he b at be i n g t he m o st pe r fe ct o f bi r ds b e c au se it has bre asts an d s u ckle s

,

its youn g it is spe ci ally ad apt e d t o magic al use s

,
I n t he Tyr ol he .

who be ar s t he l e ft e ye o f a b at may b e com e i n visibl e an d i n He sse he ,

who we ar s t he h e art o f a b at bo un d t o his ar m with r e d thr ead will

al ways wi n at c ar ds . The m an e s o f t he ho r se s which h ave be en t an gle d
an d t wist e d by t he Chag r i n m ust n ot be cut off or dise n t an gl e d un l e ss
t he s e wo r ds ar e spok e n
CHA R M S OR C oNj UR A TI ONS TO C UR E OR PR O TE CT A NI MA L S .
93

Oi n m Ji d '
, ci n ass b ut jid en .

So l g liv
on e t ho u l g , on as th s h i s sh ll li
e e a r a ve .

It is an Eur ope an be li e f th at kn ots o f hair made by witches m ust

n o t be dise n t an gl e d The beli e f th at such kn ots ar e m ade i n t e n tion ally
.

b y some i n te llige n c e is v e r y n at ur al I h av e ofte n be e n sur pr ise d to

.

n d how fre que n tly k n ots fo r m th e mselve s i n t he cor d o f my e y e gl ass -

,

e v e n wh e n p ai n s ar e t ak e n at n ight t o la it dow n so as to be fr ee of
y
t hem . A pr opos o f which I may m e n tio n th at this te asi n g pe r so n ality
of t he e ye glass an d cor d s e e ms t o h av e b e e n n o t e d by other s
-
I was .

o n ce trave lli n g o n t he Nil e i n c omp an y with a Pe r si an pri n c e who ,

b e c ame co n vi n c e d th at his e ye gl ass was v e r y un l u cky; an d th e r e for e t hre w

-

it i n to t he r iv er .

The Chagr i n sp e ci all y to r me n ts mar e s which h av e r e ce n tly foal e d ;

t h e r e for e it is h e ld n e e d ful soo n afte r t he bir th to put i n to t he water
, ,

w hich t he mothe r dr i n ks glowi n g hot coals which ar e thric e t ake n fr om ,

t he r e . W ith the s e ar e in cl ude d pie ce s of i r o n such as n ails k n ives & c , , , .

,

a n d t he fo llowi n g wor ds ar e solem n ly m urmur e d

P iy ai
'
tu te fi a a so vn i b n ast r l

Dr i n k , an d do n ot be sl py !
ee

M an y r e ade rs may he r e obse r v e that char coal an d ir on fo r m a r e al

t o n ic ,o r v e r y p r actic al st r e n gthe n i n g dose fo r t he e n fe e bl e d m ar e But .

h e r e as i n m an y case s me dici n e m ake s a c ur e an d t he de vil or t he

,

d o ctor ge ts t he cr e dit The Chagr i n is suppose d to att ack ho r ses o n ly

.

while t hey ar e aslee p Its ur i n e ofte n cause s s we llin gs or s or e s The se

. .

a r e cov e r e d by da w ith a p atch o f r e d cl o t h w h ich is st ck at n i ht

y u g ,

i n to a hol e in a tr ee which is close d with a cor k while the se words

, ,

a r e pro n oun ced

A 6 t u k at h
e

Ci em u t a p da n . v e

Ci p da y k uk n e e r

Ci n r uk
y e k man ush
94 G YP S Y O
S R CER Y .

Re m i th u h
a n o ere

T ill t h g b
e c mra e o e an an im l a ,

T i ll t h im l t
e an a , a re e ,

T ill t he t m ree, a an ,

W h w ill d st y th
o e ro ee !

DrW L I SL O C K l suggests th at t he ide a o f t he t ree s becomi n g a

.

man is deriv e d fr om t he old gypsy be li e f th at t he r st human be i n gs

,

we r e m ade fr om t he l e ave s o f t r e es an d r e fe r s t o wh at he has e lse

,

wher e wr i t t e n ou a t r aditi o n o f t he c r e ation o f the wor ld as h e ld by ,

Tr an sylvan ian gypsi e s The foll o wi n g is a c hild r e n s son g in which t he

.

beli e f may b e trace d

Am ar o dad j il
a d an ro bes
Ci n ge r e l odo
y Cv sa e ,

De l

d iI y akr i dr e piI di I
'
an

Ye k Cavo r o !I da a a

vl .

O ur fa th er we n t i t n o a woo d ,

Th e r e h e cut b y a o ,

La id it in m th s b
o er

e d,

So a b oy c mso e .

The Gr e e ks b e li e v e d th at man was m ade fr o m an ash t r e e an d -

,

t he No r se me n p r ob ably d e r iv e d it from t he same so ur ce with the m .

I n 1 8 6 2 I p ubli sh e d i n The Con t i n en t a l M aga z i n e ( Ne w Y or k ) a p ap e r

on t he l or e c o n n e ct e d with t he ash i n wh ich e ffo r t was mad e t o S how
,

that i n e ar ly tim e s i n I n di a t he B an yan was spe ci ally wor shippe d ,

a n d th at t he de sce n dan ts o f me n famili ar with this c ult had afte r ,

migr at in g t o t he Far W e st tr an sfe r r e d t he wor ship an d tr aditio n s o f t he

,

b an yan t o t he ash It has be e n o bse r ve d that t he ash tr e e some time s

.
-

like t he b an y an se n ds its Sh o ots do wn t o t he gr oun d wh e r e the y t ake ,

r oo t T he Algo n ki n I n di an s se e m t o h av e t ak e n this beli e f o f m an s

.

o r igi n o m t he ash fr o m t he Nor se m e n as a v e r y l ar ge p r opor tio n o f

'

the i r m y ths co r r e spon d cl o se ly t o thos e o f t he E dda But in br i e f if .

, ,

t he G r e e ks an d N or se m e n we r e o f Ar y an or igi n an d had e v e r had ,

a l an g uag e in comm on th e y p r ob ably had commo n myths

,
.
96 G YP S Y S R CER K O

The n ettl e has i t s o wn pe cu liar asso ci atio n s A ccordi n g to t he .

g ypsies it gro w s chie y i n

p l a ces wher e th e r e is a s u bt e rran ean p assag e

t o t he d welli n gs o f t he Pcuv us or Earth fairies the r e for e it is co n secrat e d

,
-
,

t o the m an d call e d d t a P puo a sengr e Pcu vus wood He n c e t he g yps y

-
.
,

chi ldre n whil e gathe ri n g n e ttl e s fo r pigs si n g .

Cadc e r li as
pc i b uv
s !
An dr ke r me 11 5 i
j ,il v

K iy aI Pcuvus n iI j i it v,
'

T r ade n , t r ade n ki r mor iI

'

Ne ttl e , bu ne ttl e do n ot rn,

In y u h ous e n
o sh ll g
r o on e a o,

N oe t th Pc u u g s
on o e v s oe ,

D iv dr iv w y t h w ms !
r e, e a a e or

The ettle
n say s FR I EDR IC H ( Symbolik de r N atur p
,

, .

because it c auses a bur n i n g pai n is amon g t he H i n doos a de mo n i ac

symb ol ,
fo r as the y say t he g r e at se r pe n t pour e d out its poiso n o n it
, , .

But as e vil is an an tidot e for e vil t he n e ttle he ld i n the h an d is a guar d ,

a g ai n st ghost s an d it is g ood for b e e r whe n l aid upo n t he b arre l

, .

Fr om its employm e n t as an aph r odisi ac an d i t s use i n age llat io n t o ,

r estor e sexual powe r it is r egar de d as sac r e d t o N at ure by t he fo l

,

lower s of a se cr e t se ct o r soci e ty still e xistin g i n sev e ral co un tri e s ,

e sp e ci ally Pe r si a ( M S a ccoun t
. of cer t a i n Secr e t Soci et ie s
) T he gypsi e s . .

be li e v e that the E arth fai r i e s ar e t he foe s of e v e r y ki n d of wor m an d

-

c r e epi n g i n sect with t he e xc e p t i o n o f t he s n ail which t he y the r efo r e c all ,

t he g r ay Pguvuse n gr t he Pcuvus ho r se ,
Gry pu vusengr ee wo uld in
-
.
- '

E n glish gypsy m e an t he earthy h or se E n glish gypsi e s an d t he E n glish

-
.
,

p e asan t r y as we ll as gy psie s call s n ails c attl e b e c ause the y hav e ho r n s
, , , .

S n ails ar e a type o f vol up t uo usn e ss b e cause th e y ar e he r m aphr odit e an d , ,

e xc e e di n g ly givi n g t o se x ual i n d ulg e n ce so th at as man y as hal f a d oz e n ,

may b e fo un d m ut u ally givi n g a n d t a ki n g pl e as u r e H e n c e i n Ge r m an .

S c h n e ck e, a s n ai l is,
a t e r m a ppli e d t o t he
pu d e n d u m m u li e br e A n d a s .

an ythi n g sig n ic an t o f fertility ge n e r ati on an d se xual e njoy m e n t was sup

, ,

posed to con stitut e a char m or am ul e t agai n st witchcr aft i e all e vil , . .

,
CH A R MS OR CONj URA TI ONS T O C UR E OR P R O TE CT A NI MA L S .
97

i n ue n ces which ar e allie d to ste r ility chastity an d barre n n ess a s n ail s

, , , ,

she l l for ms a powe r ful fetish for a t r ue be lieve r The r e fer en ce to white .
,

bl ack or r e d in the fore goi n g ch ar m or r ather t he o n e be for e i t r e fe rs

, , , ,

says Dr W L I SLO C K I t o t he gypsy beli e f tha

.
, t ther e ar e white bl ack , ,

an d red Ear t h fairies A girl can wi n (illicit ) love fr om a man by

-
.

i n duci n g him t o carr y a s n ail S he ll which she has had for some time
abo u t her p e rso n To pre se n t a sn ail shell is to make a ver y dire ct bu t
.

n ot v e ry delic ate de cl aratio n o f love to an on e I h ave hear d o f a l ady

y .

who c ause d an i n te n se excite me n t i n a vill age by coll e cti n g abo ut a

hun dred l ar ge s n ails gildi n g th e i r she lls an d th e n t urn i n g th e m l oose i n
, ,

sev e r al garde n s wh e r e the i r discov e ry excit e d as m ay be supp osed r e at

,
g , ,

e xcit e me n t am o n g t he n de r s .

I f pigs lose the i r appe tit e s a b r ew is m ade of milk ch arcoal d ust , ,

an d t he ri o wn du n g , which is p ut be for e them with t he wo r ds Fr i ss

He xe un d ve r r e ck !
f

In
this pl ace I must r emark t hat t he Tr an sylvan i an ten t g ypsi e s -

use for r um s m H
g u e r da also t he e xp r essio n i r t e
(f )
e r i s

To cure a cough i n an i mals on e should t ake fr om t he hoofs of the r st

r idi n g horse dir t or dust an d pu t it i n to the mo uth of the s uffer i n g

, ,

an i m al with t he wor ds

Pr ea l te n a i y ov a e vl
May h e go awa y an d ne ve r re tu rn !

hor se al ways i n good spir its an d

spi n e is rubbed with garlic while ,

Mis c e an d re tu t ,

O be g n t he cal bu t !
Lae s an d re
'

tut
A e l an d re tu t !

( W h t is
a
) vil in th e ee,

M y t h d il t it m u ch !
a e ev ea

( W h t is
a
) g d i th oo n e e,

M y it m i i th !
a re a n n ee

I 4
9 8 G YP S Y O
S R CER K

But i t is far mor e e ffe ctivethe garli c i s put o n a r ag of the

whe n
clothes o f o n e who has bee n han g e d an d t he place r ubbe d with it : in
,

whi ch we have a re m n an t o f the e arliest wit chcraft be for e S h aman ism , ,

whi ch had r e course to t he vilest an d mos t v ulg ar methods of e xci ti n g awe

a n d b e li e f .This is i n all pr obability the e arliest for m in which magic ,

or the powe r of con tr olli n g i n visible or s uper n atur al i n ue n ce s man i feste d

itse l f an d it is v e ry i n t e re st i n g to obser ve th at it still sur vives an d t hat
, ,

t he wo rld still pr e se n ts ev e r y ph ase of its faiths a b i n i t i o , .

Th e r e is a v e ry cur ious be lie f or pr i n cipl e attache d t o the use of

son s i n co nj uri n g witch e s or i n aver ti n g the ir o wn sor ce r It is th at
g , y .

t he witch is o blige d willy n i lly to list e n to the e n d to wh at is i n metre

, , ,

an ide a foun de d o n t he attractio n of me lody which is m uch str on ger ,

amo n g sa v a e s an d child r e n th an with civili ze d adu lts N e ar ly alli e d to

g .

this is t he b e li e f that i f t he witch se e s i n te rl ace d or b e wilde r i n g an d

con fuse d patte r n s she must foll ow the m o ut an d by me an s o f this he r ,

tho ughts ar e div e r t e d or scatt e r e d He n c e t he se r pe n ti n e i n scr iption s o f

.

t he Norsem e n an d th e i r i n t e rtwi n i n g b an ds which we r e r mly b e li e v e d to

bri n g good l uck o r ave r t e vil i n ue n ce A t r av e ll e r i n Pe r si a stat e s that

.

t he patte r n s o f t he c ar pe ts o f that coun try ar e mad e as b e wilde r i n g as

possibl e to ave r t t he e vil e ye A n d it is w ith this p urp o se that i n
.

It ali an as i n all oth e r witchcr aft so man y spe lls an d ch ar ms de p e n d

, ,

o n i n t e rwov e n b r aid e d c o r ds .

T wist y e ,
twi ne y ,
e e v en so ,

Mi gl th ds
n e rea of j y
o an d wo e .

The basis for this be lie f is t he fasci n ati o n or i n sti n ct whic h man y , ,

pe r son s e spe ci ally childr e n fe e l to tr ace out patte r n s t o t hre ad t he m az e s

, , ,

o f lab r i n t hs o r t o an aly z e an d dise n t an gl e k n ots an d

y c at s c r adles D id
.

S pace p e r mit n or i n cli n ation fail I co uld poi n t out som e c ur iou s pr oofs
, ,

that t he old b e li e f i n the po wer of lon g an d curli n g h ai r t o fasci n ate was

d e r ive d n ot on ly fr om its b e auty b ut also be c ause o f t he magic o f its
cur ves an d e n tan gl e me n ts .

The gypsi e s b e li e v e th at t he E ar th S pi r its ar e sp e ci ally i n t e re sted i n

-
 CHA PTE R VI .

OF P RE G N A N C Y A ND C HARM S , OR FO L K L O R E CO N NE C T ED W I TH I T
-

B OA R S T E E T H C HARM S P R EV E N T I N G T H E F L O W O F B L OO D

A ND FO R .

I KE all
the gypsy de sires O r i e n t als
i n t e n se ly to h ave a family S uper .

sti rion comes i n to i n cr e as e

t he wish for a bar re n ,

woman i n E astern E ur ope

is ge n e rally s uspe cte d of
h avi n g had i n tercour s e with
a v ampi r e or spi r it befor e
he r m arri age an d she who ,

has do n e this wil li n gl y or ,

u n co n scio usly n eve r has ,

childre n They have r e .

course to man y m agic

m e dici n es or m ean s t o pro
mote con ceptio n ; o n e of
t he mos t h ar ml e ss in
Hu n g ary is to eat grass om the gr ave i n which a wom an with child
s

has be e n b ur ied W hile doi n g this the woman re pe ats

.

Dui r ik a hi mi n re mi n e ,

Dui y ar d h i n le skr o kor ,

A

vn iI s di i i y

ek j l e o,

K eren ak a na y e k i c eal .
 P R E GNA NC Y A ND CH A R M S
. 10 1

Or else the woman dri n ks the water i n which the h usb an d has ca ts
h ot coals or better s t ill has spit sayi n g
, , , ,

Ki me y a kh m
so

Ac tu an gr ,
K y me b r i sh i n d so m
,

Ac t u pa i 1
n

Wh er e I am ame
Be th o u t he c oals !
W he r e I m r ain
a

B e th o u t he wat e r !

Or times the husban d t ak e s an egg makes a small hole at each

at ,

e nd , an d th e n blows the yolk an d white i n to the m ou th o f his wife who

swallo ws t he m .

Th e re ar e i n n umerable ways an d me an s to e n s ure pre g n an cy some ,

o f which ar e v e ry dan ge r o us Faith i n the so called ar tici al propaga

.
-

tion is exten sively spre ad W ill de r z ige un er ei n e n S oh n e rz i e len so
.
,

ii r t e t er sich mit de m H alft e r z aume e i n e s m ii n n li che n Pfe rdes u n d tI m e

g g

kehr t mit dem ei n e r St iI t e will e r e i n e Tochte r erzeuge n G e b r i uche

, .

d Tr an s Z i g
. . Dr H vo n W L I SL O C K I
.

. .

Ill Z e itschri ft Ban d 5 1 . . .
,

.

No .

I f a gypsy wom an i n Tr an sylv an i a wish e s to k n ow whether she be

with child she must st an d for n i n e ev e n i n gs at a cross road with an ax e
,
-

o r h ammer which she must we t with her own wat e r an d the n b ury
, ,

t her e . S hould it be dug up on t he n i n th mor n i n g aft e r an d foun d r usty , ,

i t is a Sig n th at she is
i n bl e sse d circu mst an ce s .

To bri n g o n the me n ses a gypsy woman must while r oses ar e i n ,

bloom wash hersel f all ove r with r o se wate r an d then pour the water
,
-
,

o ver a r ose bush -

O r she t ake s an e gg pour s its co n ten ts i n to a j ug
.
, ,

an d m a kes wate r on it I f the egg swims t he n ex t morn i n g on the

.

sur face she is en ce i n te ; i f t he yolk is se para te o m the white She wi ll '

b ear a so n i f they ar e mi n gled a daughter

, I n T uscan y wome n .

wish i n g for chi l dre n go to a prie st get a bl e sse d appl e an d pro n oun ce ,

o ver it an i n c an t ation to San t a A n n a which was probably addressed i n ,

1 03 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

Rom an days to Luci n a who was v e ry probably accordi n g to the Ro magn a

, , .

di alect lu S a n n a San t a A n n a her sel f I hav e se veral old Rom an spe ll s

,

.

fr o m M A R C E LL U S which still exist word for word in It al ian but tted

, ,

to mode r n usage i n this m an n er like old wi n dows to n e w h ouses .

Should a wom an e at sh while pregn an t t he child will be s low i n

le arn i n g to sp e ak b ut if she feed on s n ails it will be slow i n l ear n i n g
,

t o walk The proverbs
. Du mb as a sh an d Slow as a sn ail appear
, , ,

here .

To prote c t a child ag ai n st t he evil e ye it is hun g with amulets ,

gen erally with she lls ( die e i n e A e/ zn li clzke i t mi t der we i bli chen Sclzam
b a be n ) A n d th e se must be obse r ved o n all occasion s an d for ev e r y
.
,

thi n g c e remon ie s o f which the r e ar e lite r all y h un dre ds showi n g that

, , ,

gypsie s n ot withstan di n g the ir s upposed fr e edo m from co n ve n tion alisms

, ,

ar e , like all super stitious peopl e harassed an d v e xed to a de gree which

,

wo uld see m i n credible to educated Eur op e an s with O bse rv an ces an d rit e s ,

o f t he most ridicu lo us an d vex atious n at ur e The shells all uded t o ar e

.
,

however o f great i n ter est as the y i n dicate t he tran s mi ssion of t he old

, ,

belief th at symbols typic al o f ge n e r atio n pleasur e an d re productive n ess , , .

,

ar e re p ug n an t to witchcraft which is alli e d to b ar r e n n ess de st r uct i o n , ,

n egation an d e v e r y ki n d o f p ai n an d st e r ility
, .

H en ce a n e ckl ace of she lls e spe ci ally cowri e s or s n ail she lls or the
, ,

brilli an t an d p r etty con e/ zi li e fou n d i n

g s u ch abu n d an ce n e ar V e n i ce ar e ,

re gar de d as protecti n g an im als o r chil dr en fr om the evil e ye an d facili ,

t ati n g love l uxury an d p r oductive n e ss I h av e r e ad an ar ticl e i n which

, , .

a l e ar n ed writer rej e cts with i n dign ation t he pr uri e n t ide a that the
cowr i e which gave its n ame por ccllan a to p or ce l ai n de rive d it from
, ,

or ce lla i n se n su obsce n o ; por cella bei n g a Ro m an word n o t o n ly for i

p pg
'

, ,

but for the fe m al e or gan But e v e r y don k e y boy i n C air o could h ave
.
-

tol d him that the cowri e is used i n str i n gs o n asse s as o n childr e n

bec ause t he she ll has the li ken e ss which t he wr iter to whom I refe r
rej e cts wi t h i n dig n ation The pig as is well kn own is a com mon amulet
.
, , ,

the origi n t hereof bei n g that it is extr emely p r olic It has wi t hi n a fe w .

1 04 G YP S Y SOR CER YZ

t he stoppi n g an y
bleedin g an Scott s Lady ar t in which

of Delor ai n e
w as an e x per t an d ,
which m an y p r actised withi n a ce n t ur y .

To m Po tts was s vi g m bu t a er n an ,

A nd y t h w d ct g d
e e as a o or oo ,

He bo u d h dk chi e f
n the w u n d
a an er on o ,

A n d wit h s m ki d f wo ds he st un ch d bl od
o e n o r a e t he o .

W hat these same ki n d of wor ds were amon g o ld G er man s an d

R oman s may be l e arn ed from t he followi n g : JA CO B G R I MM had lon g
bee n famili ar with a Germ an m agic spel l of the e l e ve n t h ce n tur yad
st r i nge n dum sangui n e m or stoppi g bl e e di g
n ,
n b ut as he says n och n icht , ,

z u de uten ver mochte could n ot e xpl ai n the m T he y wer e as follo

,

.

Tu mb i be k o saz n r e,

Mi t t umb m ki d i m e o n e n ar e,

T u mb h i d be c ez er r

T u mb hi d ki t ez
.
az n ,

D h i lig T u mb er e o o

V g dis w u t e r se ne c n a .

T u mb d u mm st u pid ) t i t h hill

o or sa n e

W ith st u pid child i ms a n ar ,

Du mb ( stupid ) t h hill w c ll d e as a e

Du mb w c ll d t h c hil d as a e e ,

Th h ly T u mb ( d u mb) e o o or .

H l ( bl ss) this w u d !

ea e o n

S ome years after he foun d t he fo llowi n g a mo n g t he magic formul as

of M A R C EL L U S B U R DI G A L ENSI S
C m
ar u til p u i m ul l i
en e ro v o et

St upi dus i n m t on e i b at ,
St upidus st u ui
p , t

A dj u ro t e m t ix a r

Ne ho c i cu d
ra n a susc i pi as .

Par i ra ti on e sc ipt u m
r li gabi s .

A son g us eful for a ow o f blood i n wom an

Th e st upid m an we n t i t t he m u t i
n o o n a n,

The st u pid m an was m aze d ;

a

I dj u e th
a r e e, oh wo mb ,

Be t no gy an r
 P R E GNA NC Y A ND CH A R M S. 1 05

W hi ch shall al so be boun d as a writi n g i e accordi n g to a previ ous , . .

,

d i r ection that it sh all be writte n on virgi n p archme n t an d boun d wi t h ,

a
li n en cor d about t he waist of hi m or of her qua pa t ie tur de quo li bet
p ar te cor or i s
p san ui n i s
g fl ux um w h o s uffers an y where fr o m ow o f
blood .

It is possible th at t he St upi dus an d his bl e ssi n g of wo men has here

some remotely derived re feren ce to t he revere n c e amoun ti n g to worship
o f idiots i n t he East who ar e descr ibed as bei n g surr oun de d in some
,

part s o f I n di a b y matro n s se e ki n g for thei r touch an d be n e diction an d ,

s oliciti n g t h e ir embr aces This is effect e d v e ry often i n an almost public

.

man n er ; that is to say by a crowd of women closely surroun di n g the ,

c ouple i e ,the idiot or l un atic an d on e o f t he ir n u mber ar e joi n ed so

. .
, ,

t h at p asse rs b y c an n ot see wh at is goi n g

-
on The childre n bor n o f .

t hese c asual m atches ar e n ot un usually t h e m selv e s o f we ak mi n d b ut ar e ,

c o n sider ed all t he more holy T his r e c alls the all usion in the ch arm .

S t u pid sat i n t he hill

With a stupid child i n ar ms .

This obsc ure myth o f t he st upid god appears to be very an ci e n t .

T his T r i t as
is c ll d i t llig t H w t h d s h pp a e s m e tim s st upid ?
n e en . o en oe e a e ar o e

T h l g u g its l f s u ppli s t h
e an a e xpl tie I S sk it l ei / m s b th child d
e e e an a on . n an r as e an o an

t li d
s o ,
d t h e thi d b th
an is s u pp s d t b st lid b c u s
r ro t hi st pp n c e
er o e o e o e a e, a s r a e ar a

e sp ci lly h
e a is chil d (T i t is O f t h th e b th s gods i t h
, e a . r as ne o e r e ro er or , . e ., e

(
a
Z l gic
oo o l M yth l gy by
a A NGE LO D E G E N T
o o ,

UB R A I S,

m i n debted to t he as yet un publishe d colle ction o f Gypsy an a

I a

m ade by Pro f A NTO N H ERR MA N N for the follo wi n g

.

T he re is a superstition amon g our gypsi e s th at if the shadow of

a cross on a gr ave falls o n a wo m an with child she will h av e a mis
carri age an d this seem s to be ec uli ar ly appropri at e to gi r ls who h ave
, p

an t icip at ed the privileges o f m atrimo n y The followi n g rhyme se em s .

t o describe the hesit at io n o f a girl who has gon e to a cross to prod uce

I S
1 06 G YP S Y SOR CER K

t he re u s lt ll ude d to
a ,
b ut who is withh e ld by love for he r u n b OI n

i n fan t

C ig no t r uSul pal b an d k a o

Hi n a da u Sali n ako ;

Th e i i av me pr o u Sali n ,

Aj t m an g e

laSavo

na ki n .

Sar r ay t i n kad c hasar e l,

e
p
S ave Sil e b ar val m ar e l ,

P l b s v
a a a o
p te r asa
p ,
e

Mr e aj or i moj d ki mal
e .

Cr o ss g ve up
sm ll on a ra so a

H ere I thy sh d w f llse e a o a ,

I f it f ll me t h y y
a on e sa

A ll my S h m will p ss w y a e a a a .

As u t u m l f is bl w
t he a n ea o n,

By th w i d t di e l n o e a on e ,

Y t i sh m
e d mis y
n a e an er ,

My b by will b d f t m
a e ea o e

There is a b e li e f alli e d t o this o f the powe r of the de ad i n grav es

to wor k won de rs t o t he e ffe ct that i f an y o n e pl uc ks a rose from a
,

grave he or
,
she will soo n die I n the followi n g so n g a gypsy picks a
.

rose from the grave o f t he o n e he lov e d hopi n g th at it wil l c ause his ,

de ath
Cign or o h r o b osa
Hi n su kar cs r o a s
Man ge la pc h agavas,
Doi me na kamavas .

B e Slas pi r an ake ,

H r ob as hi n j oy m g an e,

Pc hgavas, cho i an av
Pal l l e e av ava

Te me n e b r i n zi n av .

Th e me poivi n av
.

O n he r lit t l t mb t h gr e o ere ows

B y its l f l v ly s e
e a o e ro ,

A ll l n t h os e I b k
a o e e r rea ,

A n d I d it f her s ke
o or a .
 C H A PT E R VII .

TH E R E COV ER Y -
OF S T O L E N P R O P ER T Y L OV E C HA R M S S H O E S A ND

L OV E P O T ION S O R P H I LTR Es
-
, .

H EN a man has l ost an ythi n g ,

o r b e e n r obb e d , he O ft e n has i n
his o wn mi n d q uit e u n co n sci
,

o usl so m e su spi c i o n o r cl ue t o
,y
it. A cl e ve r fo r t un e t e ll e r o r
-

yp sy who has m ad e a li fe l o n g
g -

stu d y o f su ch cl u e s c an
,
o ft e n

e li c i t fr o m t he l ose r ,
hi n t s which
 THE R E CO VE R Y OF STOL EN P R OP ER TY .

en able the m agici an to surmise t he truth Man y pe ople place absolute con .

de n ce i n thei r servan ts an d perh aps suspect n obody

, The detect ive or .

gypsy has n o such faith in man an d s uspects every body W her e positive
, .

kn owledge can n ot be e st ablished there is however an ot her r esource The , , .

t hie f is ofte n as s upe rst itious as his victim He n ce he fear s t h at some .

mysterious c ur se may be l aid o n him which he can n ot escape I n t he , .

Pacic Isl an ds as amon g n e groes e v e r ywh e r e a man will die i f taboo

, ,

or f
voodoo att aches t o the taki n g o f obj e cts which have bee n con secr ated
b y a certain formul a Ther e for e such fo r m ul as ar e common ly e mployed
. .

A mo n g the H un gar i an gypsi e s t o r ecover a stole n an im al some of it s ,

dun g is t aken an d t hr own to t he E ast an d t he W est with the words

K ay tu t o kam di khe l
O doy ava kiya m a g n e

Wh ere t he sun s s th e
ee e,

He n c e re tu rn to me !

B ut whe n a horse has be e n stole n the y t ake what is l e ft , of his

harness b ury it
,
in the earth an d m ake a r e over it sayi n g ,

K6 tu t c or dy as

Nasvale s th

avlas
Le sk e sor n a avlas,
Tu n z ki y l sk e e

A v a sst e s kiy a m a g ! n e

L e skr o so r k ath p hly e as ol

S ti r e tguv avr i ur l

W ho st l th
o e ee

S ick m y a he b e
May hi s st r e n gth d e par t !
Do n o t th o u r e m ai n by him ,

Co m e ( b ck ) s u d a o n to me ,

Hi str gth li s h
s en e ere

A s t he sm k g s o e oe awa y!

kn ow in which directio n t he stol e n thi n g lies , t hey car r y a

sucki n g b abe
. to a str ea m hold i t ov e r t he wate r an d say
,
u p G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

Pe n ma g n e, oh Ni vase y a
Cave slt r o vast e h

K ay hi n mr o gr ay

,

U j e s hi n avo,
Uj e s ai r 0 kam
Uj e s sar
pa i
Uj es sr umu t
Uj e s sar le guj es ?

Pe n ma g n e, oh Nivase y a .

C ve slt r o vast e ha

K ay hi n mr o
g ay
r I

Te ll me ,
oh Nivase ha ,

By t h child s h d !
e

an

Wh is my h s ?
e re or e

Pu is t h child
re e

Pu a th
re u s e s n,

Pu re w t as a er,

Pu re h m as t e oon ,

Pu re th p u st
as e re .

T ll m e h Ni e,h o vase a,

B y t h child s h d l
e

an

Wh is my h s
ere or e

In t his we have an ill ustr ation of t he widely spread belief that an

i n n oce n t child is a powerful age n t i n prophe cy an d sorcery The o ath .

by t he han d is still in vogue amo n g all gyp sies

A po mi r o da des r o .

f
vast ! B y my father s h an d !

is o n e of t heir greatest oat hs i n
G erm an y ,
Die Z igeun e r vo n,

RIC H A R D LI E B IC H ) an d I have ,

me t with an old gypsy in En gl an d who kn e w it .

I f a man who is see ki n g for stole n goods n ds willow t wigs grown

i n to a kn ot he ties it up an d savs :
,

Me a r vi pean dv or e slt r o b h t l
q

I t ie up t he thi e f s l u c k

!

T her e is also a belief amo n g t he gypsies t hat t hese kn o t s ar e t win ed

by t he fairies an d that whoever
, un doe s them un doe s his own l uck , or
n z G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

in
his mo h O f w hich GR I M M w rite T his c ust om may h ave
g r ass u t . s

s r un
p g fr o m the i d e a th at the o ne co n que red g ave himsel f u
p like a

d omestic an imal to the absol ute power of an oth e r A n d with this appe ar s .

to be con n ected t he an cien t c ustom o f holdi n g o ut grass as a sign o f

surre n der The con quered man took t he blade of grass i n his mouth
.

an d the n tr an s fe rre d it to his co n que r or .

I f a gypsy gi r l be i n lov e she n ds t he foot pri n t of her object -

,

digs out the ear th which is withi n its outli n e an d b ur ies this un der a
,

willow tree sayi n g

-
,

U pr o pcuv h i m b u t pcu a; v

K s kamav, an m g t h avi d ! e

B r vo l, b ar y o l, salc i
y ,
e

Yo v ko kosh, me c at ra,

A da , ada me kamav

Man y hs th th
e ar t on e ar ere be ,
Wh m I l v my w sh ll
o o e o n a be ,
G w g w will w t
ro , ro ! o r ee

S w or r o u t m ! n on e n o e

H th e I t h h lve
e ax e , e e ,

H t h c ck I t h h
e e o , e en,

T his this ( b
, ) I w ill ! e as

A other love charm which be lo n gs t o an cie n t bl ac k Wi tchcraft an d

n -
,

i s kn own far an d wide is t he follo wi n g : W hen dogs ar e coupli n g

,

( W ar m H an d an d Hi n di }: be i de r P a a r un
g z usa mme n lza n m
g ) the love r

sudde nl y cove r s them with a cloth i f possibl e on e which is afte rwards

, ,

pre se n ted to the girl whom he see ks whil e he says ,

Me J l U klO,
y o
y J l u k i, l
Yoy t ov e r , me p or i ,

Me ko ko sh y o y c atr a , ,

A da ada me kami v !
,

 L O VE CH A R MS,
-
1 13

I t he dog, sh e th e bitc h ,

I h e lv he t h
t he e, s e ax e ,

Ith c ock ( d) h
e an s e t he he n ,
Th t t h t I d si e
a , a e r .

H e or she who n ds a red r ibbon tape o r e ve n a pi e ce of r e d stuff , ,

o f an ki nd especi lly i f it be w ool w ill h av e l u c k i n love I t m u t

y , a , s .

be picke d up an d c arried as an amulet an d when raisi n g it from t he ,

g r oun d the n de r must make a wish for the lo ve of so m e person or i f ,

he have n o particul ar de sire for an y o n e he may wish for l uc k i n love , ,

or a swe e t he ar t
. This is I believe pretty gen erally kn own i n so m e
, ,

form all over the world A yello w ribbon or ower e s peci ally i f it b e
. ,

oati n g o n wate r p r e s ages gold ; a white object silve r or pe ace o r recon

, , ,

cili ation with e n emies .

It is also l uc ky for love to n d a ke y I n T uscan y ther e is a speci al .

formula whi ch m ust be spoke n whil e picki n g it up Ve r y old ke ys ar e .

v al uable amulets . Those who c arry the m will learn secre ts pe n etrate ,

myste ries an d su cceed in what they un dert ake

, .

I f y ou can ge t a shoe which a gi r l has worn y ou may m ake sad h avoc

with he r heart i f y ou c ar ry it n ear your o wn A lso h an g it up ov e r .

your bed an d put i n to it the le aves of r ue .

Dur i n g Nove mbe r I 8 8 9 n ot a fe w n ewsp aper comme n t ators busie d

, ,

themse lves with conj e ct ur es as to why a Scotch con st able bu r ied t he boots
o f a m ur dere d m an . Th at it was do n e through some super stitious be lie f
is co n ce de d but what t he fashion of t he s upe r stition is see ms un kn own .

I t or igi n ate d be yon d que stio n in the old Norse c ustom o f al ways b uryi n g
, ,

the de ad i n their shoe s o r with them For they b e lie ved th at t he .

de ceased would have when he arrived i n the othe r world to t rave rse
, ,

broad an d burn i n g pl ai n s b e for e he could r each his de st i n atio n be it ,

Valh all a or the dre ary home of Hel ; an d to protect his feet from t he

r e his fr ie n ds boun d on them the he ll shoon Other c ares we re also -
.

t aken an d in t he saga of O lo f Tr yggvase n we ar e told th at on e mon arch

was thought fully provided with a cow ; while t he Vi ki n gs were buried
1 6
 I 14 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

in the i r ships ,
so that they c ould keep on
pi r ati n g for ever an d

e ve r .

The s uperstition o f t he b ur i al of the boots prob ably survives in

En gl an d It is abo ut se ve n tee n year s si n ce t he write r he ar d from an o ld
.

ypsy th at wh e n an othe r gyp sy w ado e t hed v e ry
g as
p v or ar a , ,

go od p ai r of boots was pl aced by hi m i n t he gr ave The r eason was .

n ot giv e n ; pe r h aps it was n o t k n own These customs oft e n s ur vive after .

t h e cause is for go t t e n simply from some fee li n g that good or bad l uck
,

a tte n ds th e i r ob se r v an c e o r the n e glect o f it Man y ye ars si n c e a writer .

i n an ar ticle o n shoe s i n The Engli sh Maga z i n e stat e d th at

acco r d i n g ,

t o an A ryan tr aditio n the g r e at e r p art o f t he way fr om t he l an d o f t he

,

livi n g to th at of death lay thro ugh morasses an d v ast m oors over grown
w ith furzes an d thor n s Th at t he dead might n o t pass o ve r them b ar e
.

foot a p air o f shoe s was l aid with th e m in t he gr ave

, .

The shoe was o f old i n m an y coun tr ies a symbol o f li fe liberty or , ,

e n tire perso n al co n tr o l I n Ruth we ar e told th at it was t he c usto m i n

.

Israel co n cer n i n g ch an gi n g th at a man pl ucke d o ff his shoe an d de live r e d

,

So the b r ide who was or igi n ally al ways a sl ave

it to his n e ighb o ur .
, ,

tran s fe r r ed he r se l f by the s y mbol o f the shoe W h e n the E mpe r or .

W aldimir m ade pr oposals of m ar r iage t o the daughte r o f Ragn ald she ,

r eplied sc or n fully th at she wo uld n ot take off he r shoes to th e so n of a

sl av e Gr ego ry o f To ur s i n sp e aki n g o f we ddi n g says :
.
, The b r ide ,

g r oom h avi n g give n a r i n g to t he br i de p r e se n ts he r with a sh o e
, , .

A s regar ds t he Scan di n avi an he l shoe o r h e ll shoo n Ke ll e y in his -

,
-
, ,

I n d oEur o pe an Fo lk l o r e tells us th at a fun er al is still c alle d a de ad

-
,

shoe in t he H e n n eb e r g dist r ict ; an d the writ e r al r e ady cited adds t hat i n

a M S of the Cotton Lib r ary con t ai n i n g an accoun t o f Cl e v e l an d i n

.
,

Yor kshire i n t he re ig n o f Quee n Eli zabeth there is a p assage which

, ,

ill ust r ate s this c urious custom It was q uote d by Sir W alte r Sc o tt i n t he
.

n o t e s to Mi n st r e lsy of t he Scottish B or de r an d r un s th us ,

Wh en an y di th c t i w m n si g
e er a ne o e n a s g t
on o the d d b di
ea o e, reciti g t h n e

j o u rne y th t
a th e p yt e
ar d c e s d meu st g ;
e a e o a n d th y e ar e of b li fe t h t
e e a on c e i th e in r
1 16 G YP S Y SOR CER K

he horse tr ai n ed to n d him an d to kn eel before h im an d n ally

was
'

, , ,

h at t he ploughsh are an d woode n shoe s were the p r ep ared p r oper ties of

t
t he little dram a The on ly little aw i n this eviden ce is the n ame
.
.

Pr sche mi schl which it must be admitted is ext rem e ly di f cu l t to ge t

, , ,

o ve r .

The Seven Le ague B oots an d the shoe s of Pe t e r Schl e mihl which ,

t ake o n e ov e r the world at will h ave a v ari ati o n i n a p air recorded i n

,

a n ot he r t ale The r e was a be auti ful an d extre mely pr oud damsel who
.
,

r e fused a you n g m an with ever

y co n c e i v able agg r avatio n o f the offen ce ,

i n formi n g him that whe n she r an afte r him an d n ot be fore t hat he , ,

might hope to mar ry her ; an d at the sam e time meeti n g a poor o ld

y sy w om an who begged her for a p ai r of old shoes To which t he
gp .

r oud Pr i n c e ss r epli e d
p

S hoe s h e r e shoe s th e r e
,

G iv e me a c u pl e I ll give the e pi

o a a r.
,

T o which


old gypsy who was a witch grimly muttered
t he , I ll give , ,

t hee a p air which T he r e st of the e x pr e ssi on was r e ally too un

9,

ami able to re pe at W e ll the youth an d t he witch met an d goi n g to

.
, , ,

t he l ady s shoem aker made him make a supe rbly e le gan t pai r o f
,

shoes whic h were se n t to the d amsel as a gi ft

, Such a gi ft ! No soon e r .

were they put on than o they st ar te d c ar r y i n g the P r i n c e ss ma lgr e I I e

, , ,

ove hill
r an d d l
a e .

B y an d by she saw th at a man the man o f cour se , ,

whom she had r e fuse d was in advan ce o f he r A s in t he son g o f the .

C ork Leg the shoe s n eve r st opped but ke pt o n t he pace
, A n d t he , .

youn g man led he r to a lon ely castl e an d r e aso n ed with he r A n d as .

.

s he had promised t o m arry should she e v e r r un afte r him a nd as she ,

h ad pursued hi m a whole day she ke pt he r wo r d The shoe s she se n t

, .

to the witch lle d with gold ; an d the y we re wedded an d all we n t as ,

merry as a thousan d grigs in a duck po n d -

.

The shoe as has been shown by a D an ish write r i n a book c hi e y

, ,

d ev o ted t o the subj e ct is a type o f li fe e sp e ci al ly as sho wn i n pr oduc

, ,
'
 SH OES A ND LO VE P O TI ONS -
, OR P H I L TR E S . n 7

t ive n ess an d fertility grai n ar e t h r own aft e r a

. H e n ce old shoes an d
bride as people say for luck ; but the Jews do i t c r yi n g Peru ur phu
, , ,

I n crease an d mul tiply For this an d m uch more the reade r may con .
, ,

sult that wo n derful treas ur o f Fol k lor e D i e Symbolik un d Mythologie

y
-
,

der N at ur J B FR I E DR I C H W urz burg 1 8 59

,

. .To which we wo uld , , .

add our mite by re m ar ki n g as a c urio us co n r m ati o n o f this the o r t hat

y ,

Th e r e was an m old wo an w ho live d i a sh n oe ,

W ho had so m y child
an ren she did t k w what n

no to do .

This passes n ow for a mer e n ur se r y r hyme ; b ut doubtless ther e ar e -

t hose who will trace it back to the ear ly morn i n g of mythol o y an d

g ,

pr ove that it was on ce a H i mar it ic hym n sun g to some Meli t ta who ,

has lo n g pas sed away down the b ack e n t r y of time .

For several addition al H un gar ian gypsy l ove char ms an d spells -

,

collected by D r Wlislocki p ublishe d in Ethn ogr apb i a an d subse que n tly

.
, ,

i n Ti mGip L or e your n a l for J un e 1 8 9 0 I am greatly i n debted to t he

-
, ,

ki n d n ess of Mr D MacR it chie . .

gypsy gi ls f T sylv i be li v th t sp lls t k w y u fu t ur e h usb n d

The r o r an an a e e a e o

no o r a

c an b e b e st c i d ut th ev s
ar r ef c t i d ys s u ch a Ne w Y
o onE ste a d e e o er a n a , s e ar , a r, n

S in t G g
a e or O N w Y s E th y th w sh e s
e.

n b ts on will w t
e b ut
e ar

ve e ro o or oo a o ree,

ar e n ly
o ll w d t th w th m i tim s
a o e C mp a e this wit h t he th wi g f t h
o ro e n ne e .

o r ro n o e

o ld sh aft
oe th b id i n m y c u t i e s
er eI f t he s h e c tch e i n t h e b a ch e t he
r e an o n r . o a s r n s
'

gi l wh th w it w ill be m i d withi a y ar
r o re ar r e n e .

O t he s m e
n ve th y g t te
a d sh k it by t u r n s si gi g
e e o o a r e an a e , n n

Pe r de , pe r de pr aj t i n a,
V ar e kaj h i n , hasz kamav ?
B s p aa , r ro dzsi uklo,
Pi dr an o zsal mai azig o .

S c atte r e d l e av e s r o u n d I se e a ,

Wh e r e c n my t u e l ove r b e ?
a r

Ah t he whit e dog b ar ks at last !

m
,

A nd y l o ve c m e s r u n n i n g fast
o !

If du ir n g t he si gi g
n n t he b k
ar of a do g sh u ld b e h ar d th e damse l will be
o e ,

we dd de . an d be dd d e an d a

ere Ne w Ye ar c m s g i n This is vi r t u ll y t h e s m e
o e a a .
.
a a
 G YP S Y S R CER Y O .

w ith ch r m practi s d i Tu sc y which f m th

a a ci e t w itn ss I b e li ve t b e
e n an ,
ro o er an n e e o

o f Et r u c igi Alli d t this is t h f ll wi g O t h ig ht f S i n t G e g e s D y

s an or n. e o e o o n : n e n o a or

a

w
(a y S irt G ,
g s E ? )a ngypsy gi ls bli d f ld w
e orhit d g eth
n l tti g it l
ve s r n o a e o , e , e n oo e ,

pl c e th ms lv s qu i tly i n s v r al pl c e s Sh t wh m t h d g u s s t will b t h
a e e e e e e a . e o o e o r n r e e

t m i e d Bli dm
rs arr b ut? w n ci e tly
. m ou s s mi m agic al
n witc h
an s

as a n an a or , e -
, or es

g m
a e ly th ,
t i n pl ac
on f t he d g m w
a bl i d f ld d e o o a an as n o e .

O t h gi l p u l ls

h i f m h h d f st s
r e r i n g t it d d n gl s it i n a a r ro er ea , a en a r o , an a e a

j u g Th e i g ib t s swi g
. d
r n ft it t u ch e t h side f t h e j u g m y
v ra e or n s, an so o e n as o s e o so an

y s will it b e b e f
e ar h m i s T his is ci t sp ll f E st n igi
or e s As e ar r e .

an an en e o a er or n.

p f r m d cc di g t ld w ks t h th d m u st b w u d
er o e a or n u d t h i g n g
o o or e rea e o n ar o n e r n -
er

a d t u ch t h
n o p u ls O t h e dg f b wl t h l tt s f t h lph b t
e e . u m als
n e e o a o e e er o e a a e , or n er ,

ar e m k e d d th i g swi gi n g g i t th s sp lls w ds
ar ,
an e d t s n u mb s Th
r n n a a ns e e e or or eno e er . e

t u c hi g f t h l tt i dic t s t h u mb f l v e s gi l is t h ve
o n o e a er n a e e n er o o r a r o a .

E ly n Whits u n d y m i g t h gi ls g
ar o ut d if th y cl u ds i n t h a or n n e r o o , an e se e o e

E st t h e y t h w twigs i th t di r e cti
a ros yi g n a on , a n

Pr e dzsi a, si ik l j e r e a,

Te na t ad m r a

re
pi r an e s .

Fly
my bi r d y I , say ,

Do n ot ch s my l v
a e o e awa y .

the y thi k h t
For Whits u m th
n e m t y cl u ds i t he E st few gi l
a if on n- or n er e ar an o n a r s

wi ll b m i d d u i g t he c mi g y e a
e ar r e This p c u li s mi gly i n c mp e h e sibl e
r n o n r . e ar , ee n o r n ,

c u st m f t h gypsi s igi t d i
o o e ld b e li f t h g m f which w d i
e or t he na e n an o e , e er o e n n

H i n doo myt h cc di g t which t h sp i g m i g whic h sp e ads b ight e ss d

,
a or n o e r n or n n r r n an

bl ssi g d sc n d f m t he bl u bi d f h v n wh
e n s e e s thro th e h n d ls e p e r o ea e ,
o, on e o r a , a o r re

ts ight wi t S p e ci l p p ti s md th t t h p dicti s h ll b e
i

s en n or n e r. a re ar a on ar e a e so a e re on s a

fu l ll d O t h e d ys m
e . ti d th gi ls n n ith ll w d t w sh t h mse lv s
a en on e e r ar e e er a o e o a e e ,
n or

t okiss y g t an ch u ch A t E
on e , st t h
n or E f S i t G
o g e t h e
o gi l r . a e r, or on e ve o a n e or ,
r

mu st e t sh i de t a th fu t u ,
i h n d ms or r o se e e re n er rea .

O n E st e r m i g t h gi ls b il w t i t h b u bbl e s f which the y t y t m k
a or n n e r o a e r, n e o r o a e

o ut t h n m s f th i r fu t u e h u sb n ds
e a e o e r a .

T d ut wh th th
o fu t un h u sb d is y u g
o ld t h gi l m u st t k e
e er i e re an o n or o e r a n ne

se ds f th e th
e ppl pl u gh d up e th f i di e t pl c s
o or n -
a d w te r f m
e, o e -
ar o n ne
'

er n a e , an a ro as

m ym an With th s he k ds c k which is l id
or e . a c ss d
e e E st s nea a a e, a on ro -
r oa on a er or

S ai t G e g s m i g I f w m ste ps st
n or e

th
or n n c k h h u sb d will b
. a o an r on e a e er an e a

wid w o n ld m
er b u t i f m t h h u sb d will b e si gl
or a o an ,y u g a an e an n e or o n .

T e th f m f fu t u
o s e h u sb d gi l m u st ge or th ight f S i t G ge
o a re an a r o on e n o a n e or

t o c ss oad H h i is c mb d b ck w ds
a ro -
r . d p icki g t h littl ge of t h e
er a r o e a ar , an ,
r n e e n r

le ft h an d h m u st l t t h e e d ps f bl d f ll
,
s e t he g u d whil s yi g
e r ro o oo a on ro n e a n
n o G YP S Y SOR CER I f.

Ther e is ye t an ot her ch arm co n n ected with this which I l e ave i n t he

o rigi n al L ati n i n which it is odestly giv e n by Dr Wlislo cki Q u alib e t m .

su r adi ct ar um n o ct i um o ccidun t ur duo ca n es n ig r i

p m as e t femi n a q uorum , ,

ge n itali a e xst ir pat a ad con de n sat ion e m coqun t ur Huj us m at e ri e par t ic ula .

co n sumpts que mvis i n vi n cibili am o r e faci t e x ar de scar e in e arn e amve qui ,

hoc me dio prodigioso usus e st .

It may be re marke d th at the se abo mi n able char ms ar e also n ot o n l y

kn own to the Tuscan witch e s o f the prese n t day b ut ar e foun d i n V oodoo ,

sorc e ry an d ar e i n d e ed all over t he worl d

, To use re volti n g me an s in .

bl ack sorce r y may be or pe r h aps cer t ai n ly is spon tan e o us spor adic but , ,
-
,

whe n we n d t he pe culi ar details o f the pr o cesses ide n tic al we ar e so mu ch ,

n e ar e r to t r an smissio n o r histor y t hat t he b u r d e n o f disp r ovi n g m us t fal l

on the do ubte r .

To t he l ss
v lti g phil t e s b l gs
e i w hich t h
re gi l p u ts t h sh s f
o n r e on on e n e r e a e o

a bu t pi c f h d e ss which h d b
rn e e o w t with p spi ti n
er r d h p h ps a een e er ra o an as, er a ,

h i dh i g t it i t
a r a er n m s f d d i k ( ls T u sc )
o , n o a an

oo or r n a o an .

T bu y th f t f b dg ( ls V d ) u d
o r e fo y oo
f w o n a a er a o o o oo , or r e e o a cr o ,
er on e s

sl pi g pl c is b li ve d t xcit r w k l v
ee n -
a e e e o e e o a a en o e .

A cc di g t gypsy b li f
or n sp d l v by t spl ti g bl d p pi
o e e on e c an rea o e r an an n oo , er s ra

ti on , h i i t t h b dy f p s
or a r n o e o o a e r on .

By b u i g t h h i bl d

rn n s liv f y his e h l v
a r,
e c b oo ,
or a a o an on e , or er o an e

e xti g u ish d
n e .

T h f ll wi g is

e ch m u s d t p u ish f ithl ss l v
o o n Th d c iv d m i d
a ar e o n a a e o er . e e e e a

lights c dl t mid ight d p icks it s v l tim s with

a an e a ndl s yi g an r e e ra e a n ee e, a n

Pc hage r av mome ly
Pc hage r a t re vod i
y

Thr ic e t hec dl s b k by m
an e

ro e e

T h r ic e thy h t sh ll b k e b
e ar a ro n e !

ithl e ss l v m i s
If th e th fa
th gi l mix s t h b k sh ll f o er ar r e an o er, e r e e ro en e o a

c b i hi f d
ra n di k hid ss f h oohis i bi d s st This wi ll
or r n , or e on e o er a r n a r

ne .

m k t he m i g u h ppy
a e d t h h u sb d will c ti u lly pi e f
ar r a e his e gl e c t d
n a , an e an on n a n or n e

sw th e t
ee ar .

 SH OES A ND L O VE P O TI ONS
-
, OR P H I L TR ES. I ar

This l as t ch ar m is allied to an othe r c ur re n t amo n g t he Sl avo n i an s ,

an d else wh e re me n tio n e d by which i t is b e li e ve d th at if a bi r d gets an

, y
o f a m an s h ai r an d wor ks i t i n to a n es t he will s u ffe r te r r ibly till i t

is completely de cayed .
 C HA PT E R V II I .

R O U MA N IA N A ND T RA N S Y L V A N IA N S O R C ER I E S A ND S U P ER S T I T IO NS ,

CO NN E C T E D W I T H T H O S E O F T H E G Y P S I E S .

N he r ve r y i n t e r e sti n g acco un t o f R o u
m an i an s upe r stiti on s Mr s E GERA R D
, . .

(

T he L an d B e y on d the n ds

th r e e disti n ct source s fo r th e m : r stly ,

t he i n dige n o us which se e ms t o h av e b e e n
,

for me d by o r ad apt e d to t he wild a n d

pict ur e sque sc e n e r y an d ch ar acte r o f the
coun t r y ; se co n dly th ose d e r iv e d fr o m t he
,

o ld G e r ma n c ust o ms an d b e li e f
s b r o ught

by t he so call e d Sax on i n r e ality Lo we r

-

Rhe n ish c o l o n ists ; an d thi r dly t he i n ,

ue n ce o f t he gypsi e s
,t he mse lv e s a r ace
o f fo r t u n e t e ll e rs an d witch e s All th e se

-
.

ki n ds of supe r stition have t wi n e d an d

i n te r mi n gl e d acte d an d re act e d up on o n e
,

an o th e r so t h at i n m an y c as e s it b e c o m e s

a dif cult matt e r de t e r mi n e t he e x act p ar e n t ag e o f s o me p ar tic ul ar

b elie f or custom .
1 24 G YP S Y SOR CER K

H ebr e w W hat we wan t is i mpa r t i a l

. compar ison an d e x ami n atio n

an alysis O n this basis we n d th at all t he F o lk lore or m agic o f E ur ope

.
-
,

an d espe ci ally o f its E aster n por tion has a gr e at d e al which is de rive d ,

fr om bl ack witchc r aft or fr o m t he succ e e di n g Sh am an ism

, W he n we .

n d th at a s up e r stiti on is base d o n fe rtility t he myst e ry o f ge n e rati on , ,

or Phallic wor ship

as fo r i n st an ce we ar i n g b o ar s
, t e e th or a littl e pig ,

for a ch ar m we may con cl ude th at it is ve r y an ci e n t but still n ot o lder ,

t han the time whe n wise me n had b e gun to r e e c t o n the myst e r ies o f
b irth an d de ath an d we ave them i n to myths T h e exorcism o f dis e ases .

as d e vils an d t h e b e li e f th at th e y
, in commo n with o t h e r e v ils may be , ,

dr umme d o r smoke d or i n ca n te d away i n to an im als t r e es an d st r eams

, , , , ,

belon gs in most case s t o Sh aman ism I n all prob ability t he o ldest sor cer y .

o f all was e n tire ly con c e r n ed with dr ivi n g o ut d e vils an d i nj uri n g e n e mi e s

j ust as most of t he pl ay o f small bo ys r un s t o ghti n g or the

se mbl an c e o f it or as t he mut ual re l ation s of most an imals i n the lowe r
,

s t ag e s co n sist o f devou r i n g o n e an oth e r This was t he ver y b e gi n n i n g .

o f the b e gi n n i n gs an d it wo uld be re ally m ar v e ll o u s th at so m u ch o f it

,

has surviv e d we r e it n o t th at to t he o n e who is n ot q uit e d azz l e d or

b li n d e d by mo d e r n e n lighte n me n t th e re is still e xist e n t a gr e at oute r
c i r cl e of h uman dar kn e ss an d that t his dar k n e ss may be foun d i n
,

t h ousan ds of i n t e r mitte n t v ar yi n g shadows or marve llous Ch iaroscu r o ,

e ve n i n the brightest sun pi ct ure s o f m od e rn li fe -

A s I wr it e I have .

before me a co py o f t he P b i la de lpb i a P r ess o f A pril 1 4 1 8 8 9 in , , ,

which a J C BA TFO R D M D adv e r tise s th at if an y o n e will se n d him

. .
, . .
,

t wo t wo ce n t pos t age st amps

- two pe n ce with a lock o f your h ai r ,

n am e an d h will s en d cl airv o y an t di ag n osis o f y o ur

, g
a e se x
,
e , a

d i sease . This divi n i n g by t he lock of hair is ex t r eme ly an cie n t an d ,

had its o r igi n in t he b e li e f th at he who co uld obtai n on e fr om

an en e my could r e ach his soul an d kill him From c o mmun icati n g a .

d i se ase by me an s of such a lock an d ascert ai n i n g wh at was t he ,

matte r with a man in the same m an n er was a very obvious ste p

, ,

forward .
 R O UMA NI A N A ND TR A NS YL VA NI A N SOR CER I ES . I a5

Of all
pe o ple livi n g i n E ur ope the pe asan t r y o f It aly an d Sicil y
an d t he gypsies see m to h ave r e t ai n e d most o f this Sham an i sm an d
witchcraft an d as t he l atter h ave b e e n fo r ce n t ur i e s its chi e f p r iests
, ,

travelli n g he r e an d the re dissemi n ati n g it we may con cl ude t hat e ve n ,

where the y did n ot or igi n ate it they h ave been active i n kee pi n g the
o ld faith alive I n Roum an i a whe r e t he gypsy is called i n to co nj ure
.
,

all occ asio n s

on people be li e ve the m se lves t o b e sur roun ded b y whole
,

le gio n s of de vils witches an d gobli n s

, , Th e r e is sc ar cely a day
.

or hour i n which the se bad Spirits h av e n ot powe r an d a whole ,

complicate d system about as l aborious as the m aste ri n g an u n kn own

,

l an guage is r e qui r ed in or de r to teach an un for t un at e peasan t to

,

ste e r clear of t he dan ge rs by which he suppose s himsel f to be

beset .

O n W ed n e sday an d Frid ay n o o n e should use n eedle or scisso r s ,

bake bre ad or sow ax , No bar gai n s hould e v e r be con cl ude d on

.

a F r iday an d V e n us
, h e r e c alled Par aschiv a to whom this day is sac r e d
, , ,

p un ishes all i n fracti o n s of t he law The r e was amo n g the W e n ds

.

a ax g o dde ss
-
Pscipoln i t z a an d t he she ar s as embl e m atic of death ar e
, ,

n at u r ally an tip ath e tic to Ve n us the sour ce of li fe W he th e r M ar s has

, .

a n ythi n g i n common wit h M or o I kn o w n ot bu t in Ro uman i a he is ,

d ecidedly an e vil spirit of d e ath wh e n c e Marti o r Tuesday is on e whe n

, , , ,

spi n n i n g is positively p r ohibit e d ( h e r e we have V e n us ag ai n ) an d washi n g ,

t he h an ds an d combi n g t he h ai r ar e n ot un atte n ded with dan ge r .

W he n c e it appe ars that t he de v il agree s with n o t a fe w sai n ts in

de te sti n g n e at n e ss of t he p e r son A n d as it is u n l ucky to wash an ythi n g
.

on Saturday or to spi n on Th ur sd ay or to wor k in t he e lds o n

, ,

Th ursday betwee n E aste r an d Pe n tecost it will be se e n th at Laz i n ess ,

an d D i r t h ave b e twe e n th e m a n e e ld in Rouman i a A dd t o this .

that as in R ussi a more th an hal f t he days in the ye ar ar e Sai n ts days

, ,

o r fast days or fe stiv als o n which it is u n l ucky to wor k at all an d ,

we n d th at i n dustry can n o t b e said to be mu ch e n cour aged by Faith i n

an v o f i t s forms This be lie f i n holy days which br i n g ill l u ck to th ose
.
-
1 26 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

who wo r k t hem whi ch is st ill our ishi n g in e ver y coun tr y i n t he

on ,

wor ld goe s b ack to time whereof t he memory O f man h ath n augh t t o

,

the con tr ar y A disti n ct di ffe r e n ce i s here to be observed howe ver

.

betwe e n n a t ur a lly r e sti n g from wor k o n ce r tai n days which is of cour se ,

an i n he r e n t i n sti n ct i n all m anki n d an d the decl ari n g s uch r est to be ,

obli a t ory a n d its i n fraction p un ish able by de ath dis aste r n d b ad l uc k

g , a , , ,

an d stil l more the i n cr e asi n g such Sabb aths to such an exte n t as to

i n t e r fe r e with i n dustry or t he tur n i n g th e m i n to fast days or Sain ts days
,

with Obse r v an ces He re the o ld Sh aman ism comes i n if n ot the evil
.
,

witchc r aft itse l f which ex act e d pe n an ce an d fasti n g an d cere mo n ie s to ,

exorcise t he d e vils The r st beli e f was th at e vil spi r its i n icted p ai n

.

on man an d t hat man by efforts which cost him suffe rin g could
, , ,

r epel o r retali ate on the m This was simple action an d reacti o n an d

.
,

the re pul si o n was e ffe ct e d with s tarvi n g e n du r i n g smoke or usi n g r e pul , ,

sive an d lthy o bj e ct s O ut o f this in due tim e c ame pe n an ce Of all

.

ki n ds .

The O r ie n t al or Greek Ch ur ch is foun d at every t urn even mo r e ,

t h an t he Cat holic i n t e rch an ge d twi n e d an d con fused with an ci e n t so rce r y

, , , .

T H E O D O RE li ke SA I NT SI M E O N an d A N TH O NY in Tuscan y is ver y much

, ,

more of a go bli n than a holy man H is we ak n ess is youn g wome n an d .

,

some times in t he shape O f a be autiful youth at othe r s of a fr ight ful ,

mon ste r he c ar r ies O ff th ose who ar e foun d wor ki n g on his day that
,

is t he a3 r d of J an uar y TH E O D O R E accordi n g to t he Solar myt holo
.
,

gists pe r so n i e s t he sun ( DE G U B ER NA TI S Z o ological Mythol o gy

.
, ,

v o l 11
. . p .I n an y case the sai n t who se i z es gi r ls is t he H i n doo
K rish n a o r his pr oto t y p e an d th e r e fo r e may h ave co me th r ough t he
,

gypsi e s The ov e rwor ke d sol ar myth de riv e s som e support fr o m t he fact

. .

th at amo n g t he Se r bs on T H EO DO R E s day the Si n toter e O r ce n taur as

-
,

the n ame de cl ar e s who is h al f h or se an d h al f man rides ove r t he ,

people who fall in his powe r The Ce n taurs we re co n n ecte d with t he .

r ape O f m aide n s as shown in the l e ge n d O f the L apit hte an d it is

, ,

v e ry p r obable that Theodore himse l f is in the l an guage of the W este r n ,

1 28 G YP S Y SOR CE R Y

T usc an y B l ack fo wls ar e beli e ve d to b e in t he servic e O f witche s

.

The skull o f a r am pl ace d at t he bo un d ar y of a p ar ish i n Ro u man i a

ke e ps off dise ase fr o m cattl e ; it was e vid e n tly a fe ti sh i n all age s In .

Sl avon i an Estho n i an an d It ali an tale s bl ack p o ultr y o cc ur as di aboli cal

, ,

t o appe ase t he de vil a bl ack cock m ust b e sacr ic e d B ut i n R oum an i a .

t he ( bl ack ) B rahmap u tra fowl is be li e ve d curiously e n ough to be t he

, ,

offspr i n g o f t he devil an d a Je wish gi r l tr uly an i n sign ic an t re sult o f
su ch cl e v e r p are n t ag e .

A co w th at has wan dered away will b e s afe fr o m witches if t he

own e r sticks a pair o f scissors or shear s i n t he ce n t r e c r ossbe am of t he
dwelli n g room The Folk lor e o f she ar s is exte n siv e ; FR I E DR IC H de rive s
-
.
-

it fr o m t he cutti n g o f t he th r e ads o f li fe by t he Fate s Thus J un o .

appe ar s on a R oman coi n ( EC K H EL

N umis Ve t
, viii p 3 5 8 ) as
. . . .

holdi n g t he she ars O f death The s wall o w is said i n a S we dish fair y t ale
.

to have be e n t he han dm aid of t he V i r gi n M ar y an d t o h av e st o len he r ,

,

scissor s for which re aso n she was t ur n e d i n t o a bi r d t he s wal lo w s tail

b e i n g s uppo se d to rese mbl e th at ar t icl e Gypsi e s in E n gl an d use t he

.

she ars in in c an t ati o n s .

A whi r l wi n d de n ot e s th at t he de vil is d an ci n g with a witch an d he ,

who app r o ache s too n e ar it may be c ar r i e d o ff bodily t o h e ll ( as has i n de e d

h appe n e d t o m an y a wicke d P ike in a cycl on e or bli zzar d in W e ste r n
A me r ic a) th o ugh he may e s ca pe by l o si n g his cap
, .

It is v e r y dan ge r o us to poi n t at a r ai n b ow o r an appr oachi n g th un de r

sto r m Pr o b ably t he de vil who he re guid e s t he whi r l wi n d or di r e cts t he
.

stor m re gar ds t he act as impolite H e pun i she s those who th us i n dic at e

.

t he r ai n bow by a g n awi n g dis e ase Light n i n g is ave r t e d by sticki n g a

. .

kn i fe i n a loaf of bre ad an d spin n in g t he two o n t he oo r Of the l o ft Of

t he h o us e whil e t he stor m l asts The k n i fe appe ar s n ot o n ly i n m an y
.

g y psy sp e lls b ut i n t he Et r usc an Flor e n ti n e m agic

,
-
.

The l e ge n ds O f D o mdan i e l an d t he C o ll e g e O f So r ce r y i n Sal am an c a .

app e ar i n t he g psy R o um an i an Scholom a n ce or school which e xists som e

y ,

wh e r e far away de e p in t he h e art o f t he moun t ai n s wh e r e t he se c r e t s

,
 R 0 UMA N
I A N A ND TR A NS YL VA NI A N SOR CER I E S . 1 29

t r
of n a u e , the l an guage of an i mal s an d all m agic spells ar e t aught by t he
,

O n ly t e n schol ars ar e admitt e d at a time an d whe n t he

de vil in person .
,

cour se o f learn i n g has expi r ed n i n e ar e dismi sse d to the i r home s b ut the ,

ten th is detai n ed by the professor i n p ayme n t He n ce for th moun te d o n .

,

ir m dragon he becomes the de vi l s aide d e camp an d assists

an ej u or
, ,
- -
,

him i n p r e parin g th un de r bolts an d m an agi n g stor ms an d t e mpe sts

.
.

A sm all la ke immeasur ably deep high up i n t he m o un tai n s so uth

, , ,

of H e r m an st adt is supposed to be the c aldr o n in which t he dragon lies

,

sleepi n g an d where t he th un de r is b r e wed .

Whoever t ur n s thr ee somer sau lts t he rst time he he ar s th un de r wil l

b e free from p ai n s i n the back d uri n g the twelve mo n th O f th is pre .

scriptio n which reads as if it had origi n at e d with Timot hy i n Jpa he t ,

i n Se arch o f a F ath e r whe n he practised as a mou n te b an k it may be

,

said that it is most un like ly that an y perso n who is capabl e o f p utti n g it
i n p r act ice shou ld su ffer with such p ai n s .

To be free from he adache r ub t he for e he ad with a pie ce of i r on or

sto n e T his may be a pre sage of t he e lect r ic c ur e or of th at by metal lic
.

t ractor s .

It is un fort un ate in all Catholic cou n tries to mee t with a p r ie st or

n un , esp e ci ally whe n he or she is t he r st p e r son e n coun tere d i n t he mor n i n g .

I n R o um an i a this is limit e d to t he Gr e e k popa B ut to b e r st me t by

.

a gypsy o n goi n g fort h is a v e r y fortu n at e ome n i n dee d Accor di n g to .

a widely sp r e ad an d an ci e n t be li e f i t is also very l u cky to me e t with an

y
-

wom an o f easy vi r t ue t he e asi e r t he bett e r This is doubtless de rived

.

fr om t he an cie n t wo r ship o f Ve n us an d the b e lie f th at an y thi n g or p e r son

,

con n e cted with ce lib acy an d chastity such as a n un is unlucky It would

, , .

app e ar fr om this th at t he Rou m an i an s or th e i r gypsy or acl e s h ave form e d

, ,

an opi n io n th at thei r own a a : ar e str ictly absti n e n t as r e gar ds lov e while

pp ,

Pro t estan t priests m ar r y an d ar e accordi n gly product ive Why t he Cat holi c .

cl e rgy ar e i n cl uded with t he l atte r is n ot at all clear It is l ucky also t o .

me et a gypsy at an y time an d doubtle ss this be li e f has bee n well e n co urage d

,

b v the R o man v .
1 3 0 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

k u hti h we lln Rom,

It s s alt to a

Wh e t u t e
n

e a i
p yr r in
pr t he d m ro .

Wh n y u e g i g l g t h st
o ar e o n a on e reet

I t s l u cky gypsy m t m t

a an o ee .

Like wise it is l ucky to m e e t with a wom an c arryi n g a j ug full of

,

water & c b ut un l uc ky i f it be e mpty

,
.
,
SO i n t he Ne w Testame n t the .

v irgi n s who se l amps we re full o f oil rece ived g r e at ho n our The l amp .

was an an ci e n t symbol o f li fe ; he n c e it is very o fte n foun d covered with

a phrodisi ac symbols or m ad e i n Ph allic forms I t is b are ly possibl e t hat .

c omm o n O ld pop l ar simile o f

u N t by a j ug full
o mean i n g n ot by -

a gre at de al is de riv e d fr om this association O f a full v essel with

ab un d an c e .

It is a R ouman i an gypsy custom to do homage to t he Wodn a zen a ,

or Wate r woman ( Hun g ari an gypsy Ni v a shi ) by spilli n g a fe w d r ops

-
, ,

o f wat e r o n t he g r o un d afte r lli n g a j ug an d it is re gar d e d as an i n s u lt ,

to offe r d r i n k without obse rvi n g this ce r emon y A Ro um an i an will n eve r .

draw wate r ag ai n st the curre n t ( also as i n t he Hun gar i an gypsy ch arms) ,

as it wo u ld p r o v o ke the wat e r S pi r it I f wat e r is d r awn i n the n ight

-
.

t ime whoeve r d o e s so m ust blow thre e tim e s ov e r the brimmi n g j ug an d

, ,

pour a fe w dro ps on t he c oals .

The myth o logy o f t he Ro uman ian s agrees with th at O f the gypsies .

I t is sylv an an d I n di an ,
I n d e e p poo ls O f wate r l urks the dr e ad ful ba la ur
.

o r Wodn a m uz t he W at e r m an ( M uz is both gypsy an d Sl avo n i an )

who li e s i n wait fo r victims I n e v e r y for est live s t he ma ma pa dur a o r

.
,

aver / 2mdy e t h e fores t m th e r

o who is b e li e v e d t o be be n evole n t to
hum an be i n gs e sp e ci ally towar ds childre n who h ave l ost the i r way in t he
,

wood But t he Pan usch is an amoro us s pirit who like t he wan to n satyr s
.
,

of O ld h aun ts t he sile n t woodl an d sh ade s an d li e s i n wait for helpl e ss

, ,

m aids Sur e ly obser ve s Mrs GERAR D

. ,

this is a corr uptio n o f gr e at
.
,

Pan who is n ot de ad after all bu t m e r e ly b an ish e d t o t he l an d beyon d

, ,

the fore st W h at a n d this wo uld h ave been for H E I N E whe n writi n g

.

The Gods i n E xile !

1 3 2 G YP S Y S R CER Y O .

it kn own to his family by thre e k n ocks on his door T he y may be heard .

q uarre lli n g am o n g themselv es an d hitti n g at on e an oth e r with the ir axes ,

o r blowi n g th e i r h o rn s a s a sig n al o f b attle T hese hor n s of Elf l an d

.
-

b lowin g con n e ct the m with t he Kor r i aga n o f Br i t tan y who ar e fairi e s

.
,

who always carry an d pl ay o n the same i n strum e n t PR E T O R I US devotes.

a lon g ch apte r to all t he l e ar n i ng e xtan t o n the s u bj e ct o f th e se B e r m

'

g a nn

r ig en , or Subt e rran e an s .

The mou n t ain mon k is t he very coun t e r part of F r i ar Rush i n E n gl ish

fairy lor e an d is also o f I n di an o r igi n
-
,
H e de lights i n kickin g o ve r
.

w ate r p ails p utti n g o ut l amps an d committi n g mischie f m e rry mad o r sad

-
, , , , , .

So me time s he has be e n k n own t o stran gle workme n wh o m he dislik e s

.
,

t ho ugh on
,
the oth e r h an d he o fte n helps distresse d mi n e rs by lli n g
,

t h e i r empty l amps or g uidi n g those who h av e lost the i r way But he .

al ways bids them k e ep i t a s e cr e t an d i f th e y t e ll th e y su ffe r for it

, .

G an a is q uee n o f the witche s an d corre spon ds to t he D i an a o f t he

,

I tali an s Gan a is probably o n ly a v ar i ation o f t he word D i an a A mon g

. .

t he W all achi an s this godd e ss is i n fact k n own as Di n a an d S i n a She . ,

like t he w i lds 7dger r ush e s i n he adlo n g h un t ove r t he heave n s or through

,

t h e ski e s fo llowe d by a th r o n g o f witche s an d fai r i e s Pe ople show t he .

l ac e s wh e r e h h p ssed d w h re t h g ss d le v s dry
p s e a s a an e , e r a an a e ar e

( FR I E D R IC H ) Sh e
. is a po we r ful e n ch a n tress an d is stro n gest, i n he r sor c e r y
a bo ut E ast e r tid e -
To gu ard again st her t he W all achian s at this tim e c ar r y
.

a pi e c e of lime tre e or li n de n wo od
-
She is a beauti ful b u t ter ribl e
.

e n ch an t ress who pre sid e s over t he e vil spi r i t s who mee t o n May eve
, .

She was the r ul e r of all Tr an sylv an i a ( a h un ti n g co un t r y ) b e fore Christi an ity

p r e vail e d the re He r beauty be witche d m an y but whoe ve r le t himse l f b e

.
,

lure d i n to dr i n ki n g me ad fr om he r uru s ( or wild ox ) dr i n ki n g hor n p e rishe d -

.

She is like t he Norse Fre y a a cat goddess an d see ms t o b e alli e d to t he

, , .

Ch e sme or cat or foun tai n spirit of t he Tu r ks

, ,
-
Accordi n g t o an ci e n t
.

I n di an mythology t he moo n is a cat who ch ases the mice (star s) of u

n ight an d i n t he fth book o f O v I D s Me tamorphose s when the gods

, ,

e d om t he gi an ts D i an a too k t he form o f a cat

'
 R O UMA NI A N A ND TR A NS YL VA NI A N O
S R CER I E S .
33

Fe lt s or or Pha b i , n ive S t u i
a a rn a va cc a

P isc e V e n u s lat ui t .
"

( 3 5. 33 )
V 2 2

ccordi n g to the Hell e n ic cosmogo n y the sun an d moo n created

A
t he an im als the sun cr eati n g the lion an d t he moon t he cat (DE

G U B ER NA TI S Z oolo gic al Mythology
,
ii Ger trude t he chief , .
,

sorce ress o r q uee n o f t he witc he s i n old Ge rm an lore appears whe n dead ,

a s s ur ro u n ded by mice ; she is in fact a cat The Turkish Che sme or

, , .
,

fo un tai n cat i n ve igles youths to de ath like the Gan a D i an a o r Lo rel e i who
-
, , , ,

doe s t he s ame an d is also a water sprite

,
-
.

The Dschuma is a e r ce vi r gi n or some times an old witch who is , ,

i n carn ate disease su ch as the chol e ra ,

S he is suppose d to suEe r om cold .
'

an d n aked n e ss an d m a be he ar d at n ight whe n dis e ase is ragi n g waili n g

y , ,

for wan t Then the maide n s m ake gar men ts an d han g the m out ; b ut
.

it is a most e ffective charm whe n seven old wome n spi n weave an d se w , ,

fo r he r a scarlet shirt all i n on e n igh t without o n ce spe aki n g .

A cur ious book mig ht be wr itte n o n the e ffi c acy o f n ake dn ess in
witch spells
-
I n som e plac e s i n Rouman i a the r e is a spi r it al ways n aked
.

( at l e ast appe ar i n g such

) w ho re q u i r e s a n e w suit o f cloth e s e v e ry ye ar
, .

These ar e give n by t he i n habit an ts Of the district haun ted by s uch an e lf ,

who o n Ne w Ye ar s Night lay them out in some pl ace suppose d to b e

fr e que n ted by him o r her .

I n 1 8 6 6 i n a W all achi an village i n t he dist rict of B ih ar to avert

, ,

t he chol e ra six youths an d maide n s all qu ite n ake d traced with a

, , ,

lo ughsh ar e a furrow r o un d th e ir v ill ag e to form a ch armed circl e over

p
which the disease c o uld n o t p ass .

W he n t he lan d is s uffe r i n g from lon g drough ts t he Rouman ian s

ascribe it to the gyp sies who by occult mean s make dr y weathe r i n order
,

to favour their own t r ade o f brickmakin g W he n the n e cessary rai n .

can n o t be obt ai n ed by be ati n g the guilty Tzigan es the peasan ts re sor t ,

to the Papaluga or Rai n maide n For thi s they st r i p a youn g gy psy girl
,
-
.

st ar k n aked an d the n cov er her u i o wers an d le e le vi n ly

p n av s a n
g o
-
, ,
1 34 G YP S Y SOR CER Y

t he head visibl e Thus adorn e d t he Papaluga or Mi ss J ack i n t he Gre e n

.
,
- - -
,

is co n ducte d with music ro un d t he vi ll age e ve ry pe r son pouri n g water o n

,

he r as she p asse s W he n a gypsy gi r l c an n ot be had or the T z igan e s

.
,

ar e supp o se d t o b e i n n oce n t a Ro um an i an m ai de n may be take n Thi s

,
.

c ustom is ve r y wid e ly spr e ad .

Forty year s ago the r e was a str an ge m an i a in the n orthe r n cities Of t he

U n ite d State s for fast girls o f the m ost re ckl e ss ki n d to go o ut n ake d
ve ry late by n ight i n to t he st r e et to e n d e avo ur t o r u n ar o un d a p ubli c

s q uare or blo ck o f ho use s an d r e gai n their homes without bei n g c aught b y

t he police I suspe ct th at s uper stitio n suggeste d this stran ge risk I t is
. .

an old witc h ch arm t hat i f a gi r l can

-
wh e n t he moo n is full go for th
, ,

an d r u n ar o un d a c e rt ai n e n closur e group o f t r e e s or dwe lli n g wi t h o ut

, , ,

bei n g s e en she will m arr y t he man whom she loves

, Th e re ar e also .

man y magic al ce re mo n i e s which to e n sure su ccess must be per for m e d i n

, ,

full moo n light an d whe n q uite n ake d A mo n g t he Saxo n s i n Tr an sylv an i a

.

whe n th e re is a ve ry se ver e dr ought it is c ustom ar y i n so m e pl ac e s fo r

se ve r al gir ls le d by an old woman an d all o f the m absolu t e ly n ake d

, , ,

to go at mi dn ight to t he c o urty ar d o f som e pe as an t an d steal his harrow .

W ith this the y walk acr oss elds to t he ne ar e st str eam whe r e t he har ro w ,

is put aoat with a bur n i n g light on e ach c or n e r ( Mrs GER A RD Lan d .
,

B e yo n d
, This is evide n tly t he old H i n doo oati n g O f lamps by
m aide n s on t he Gan ge s an d i n all p r ob ability O f gypsy i mport atio n
,
.

She who will p r o n o un ce a ce rt ai n spe ll str ip he rse l f quit e n ake d an d

, ,

can st e al i n to t he r oom whe r e a man is lyi n g s oun d asl e ep an d c an cli p

om his head a lock o f h ai r an d e scap e witho ut awake n i n g him or

'

meeti n g an y on e will o bt ai n absol ute m aste r y ove r him o r at l e ast Ove r ,

his affe ction s The hai r m ust b e wor n i n a bag o r r i n g o n t he pe rso n

. .

But woe u n to he r who is c aught si n ce i n that case t he en ch an tme n t all
,

goe s the o the r way O n c e a beauti ful b ut v e ry poor H un gar i an m aid

.

gave all she had t o a youn g gypsy girl fo r a char m to wi n the love of a
ce rt ai n lord an d was t aught this
, which prove d t o be a pe r fe ct succe ss
, .

Hav i n g clippe d t he lock of h air she wov e it i n a ri n g an d we dded him .

 G YP S Y SOR CER K

lon g as t he child is un bapti zed it m ust be car e I lly watched

A s

for fear l e st it be ch an ged or stol e n away

This is commo n to Christi an s
. ,

heathe n an d gypsies to watch it for sever al days

,
A pi e ce o f i r on or .
,

a br oo m l aid be n e at h the pillow will ke e p spirits away So i n R oum an i a

an d T usc an y Q UI N T U
. S SE R EN US ho w ever recomme n ds th at whe n
, t he ,

str iga a tr a p r e sse s t he i n fan t gar lic be u sed the stron g odour of which
, ,

e at ly det e st e d by witche s
( to their cr e dit b e it said
) is gr .

T he Roman s used t o cook t h e i r ca n a demon um for t he ho use

s irits an d the H i n doo s rep are d food f them From th e m it h

or as
p , p .

assed th r o ugh t he gy sies to E aste r n E uro e an d n ow t he R oum an i an

p p p , ,

who has by a simpl e ceremon y made a co n tr act with t he de vil rece i ves ,

o m him an atte n dan t spirit call e d a rpi r i dr ui or rpi r i dur lz which wil l
'
. . .

S e r ve hi s m aste faithfullyr

For s e ve n l on g y e ar ,

b ut in ret urn e xpe cti n g the r st mouth fu l of eve r y dish e aten by his .

mast e r .

Som n y di e i g f ci s h ve m a ki d
a
'

r n an e a n n ,

Th t th e y t he m st
a sp it s m y sp ll
a er- r e a e an d bi d
n .

Ne ar ly con n e cted with t he Rouman i an we h ave t he be li e fs in magic

o f the Tran sylvan ian Saxo n s all of the m shared wit h t he gypsi e s an d
,

pr obably p arti ally de rived fr om the m M an y pe opl e must have .

wo n de r e d wh at could have be e n t he o r igi n of t he s ayi n g in r efere n ce

to a v e r y sm all pl ace that the r e was n ot room to swi n g a cat in
But I don t wan t to swi n g a cat i n it

it . was t he v e ry n at ural ,

rejoi n de r o f a we ll kn own A mer ican litt e rateur to this r e m ar k ap pli e d t o

-

his house It is possibl e t h at we may n d the or igi n of this odd sayi n g

.

i n a superstition c urre n t i n Tr an sylv an i a whith e r it i n all prob ability ,

was car r i e d by t he gypsi e s whose sp e ci alty it is t o b e ar t he se e ds o f

,

supe rstitio n s abou t here an d the r e as t he wi n ds do those of pl an ts I n .

this coun try it is said that i f a cat run s away wh e n recove red she ,

m ust be swun g three t imes roun d to att ach he r to t he dwelli n g .

 R O UMA NI A N A ND TR A NS YL VA NJA N SOR GER I E S . 1
37

The same is don e by a stol e n cat by t he thi e f if he would ret ai n it .

Tr uly this seem s a stran ge way to i n duc e an att achme n t or pour

les a utr e r It is e vid e n t h o wev e r t hat to t he p r o fe ssio n al cat
g
e n cour a e r
.
.
, ,

st e ale r the si ze o f his room must b e a matte r of some import an ce .

It is a pit y t hat this sayi n g an d faith were un kn own to M ONC R I E F

MA R A DA N t he H ist or iogr iffe o f C ats ( Euv r e s

Par is who
'

, , , ,

would ass ur e dly have m ade t he most o f i t .

A s r e gar ds e n ter i n g n e w h o us e s i n Tr an sylvan i a t he r u le is n o t

D vil t k
e a e t he hi n dmost , b ut t he fore most The r st p e rson or be i n g
.

who e n ters t he maide n m an si o n m ust die th e r e fo r e it is s afe to thr o w ,

i n a pre limi n ar y do g or cat .The scape cat is h o we ve r t o b e pre fe r r e d

-
, , .

I can r e me mb e r o n ce when about six y e ar s of age l o oki n g down

, ,

i n to a we ll i n Massach use tts an d be i n g told th at the r e e ction which

I saw was the face o f a litt l e bo y who live d the r e This m ade a de e p .

impre ssion on me an d I r e e ct e d that it was v e r y re mar kabl e that t he

,

dwe ll e r i n t he we ll could assume t he app e ar an c e o f e ve r y on e who l o oked

at him . I n Tr an sylv a n i a it is ,sa ys M r s E G ERAR D
.d an ge r ous to
.
,

t
s a r e d o w n lo n g i n to a w e ll f,or t he w e ll d am e w h o dwe l ls at t he
-

bottom is e asily offe n de d But chil dr e n ar e o fte n c urious an d so be n di n g

.
, ,

o ev r the e dg e
, th e y c all o u t m ocki n gly D a m e o, f t he W e ll pull me ,

down i n to it ! an d th e n r un away r apidly .

W hoe ver has be e n r obbe d an d wish e s to n d t he thi e f should

t ake a bl ack he n an d for n i n e Fr id ays m ust with t he he n fast str ictly ;
,

t he thi e f will th e n e ithe r br i n g back t he pl un de r or die This is .

call e d t aki n g up t he bl ack fast agai n st an y on e It is said that a .

pe asan t o f Pe t e rsdor f r e t urn e d on e day fr om B ist r it z wit h 200 or i n s ,

which he had r e c e ive d for o xe n Be i n g ve r y tipsy he l aid do wn t o

.

sl e e p havi n g rst hidde n his mo n e y i n a h o l e i n t he kitche n wall

,
.
.

W he n he awoke he mi sse d his coi n an d havi n g q uit e for gotte n what ,

he had don e with it be lieve d it had be e n stole n SO he we n t to an .

o ld W all achi an ,
pr obably a gypsy an d i n duce d him to tak e up the bl ack
,

fast agai n st the thie f But as h e himse l f had t he mon e y the spe ll worke d
.

I 9
1 3 8 G YP S Y S R CE R Y O

a g ai n st him an d he gr e w we ake r an d pi n e d away as it wen t on B y .

so m e ch an ce at t he l ast momen t he foun d his mon e y b ut it was t oo l ate , ,

an d he di e d Page s of bl ack he n lore may be gathe re d fr om the works of

.
-

FR I E DR IC H DE G U B ER NA TI S an d other s ; suf ce it to say t hat Bubast is t he

, ,

Egypti an moo n godde ss appe ar s to h ave bee n t he or igi n al mist re ss of

-
,

t he m y steri o us an im al i f n o t t he bl ack he n as we ll as cat h e r se l f an d

, ,

mothe r o f all t he witc he s .

M agic q ualiti e s ar e attach e d in H un g ar y as i n Ge r man y to t he lime

o r li n d e n t r e e ; i n so m e vil lages it is u s ual to pl an t o n e be fo r e a ho us e t o

p r e ve n t witche s fr om e n te r in g Fr o m very e arly t imes the lim e tre e was

.

s acred to Ve n us amo n g t he Gre e ks as it was to Lada amo n g the Slavo ,

n i an s This
. it is said
,
w as due t o its le av e s be i n g o f the sh ape o f
,

a h e art I n a Sl av o n i an l o v e so n g t he wooe r excl ai ms

.
-

As t he be e is d w by t h lim p
ra n e e- m
e r fu e ( or li d
n en -
bl m )
oo

My he ar t is d w by th ra n ee .

This was t r an smitt e d t o C hr isti an symbo lism whe n ce t he p e n an ce

l aid by CH R I S T o n MA R Y MA O DA L EN was t hat she should h ave n o o the r

food sav e lim e tre e l e av e s dr i n k n aught e xce pt the de w which h un g o n

-
,

th e m an d slee p o n n o oth e r be d save o n e m ade o f its l e av e s ( ME N Z E L

, ,

C hr istliche Symbo li k vol ii p , Fo r M agd al e n a had l o ve d
. . .

much the re fore he r pe n an ce was by me an s o f t hat which is a symbo l of

,

love .

Mr s G ERAR D t e lls us that a p articul ar gr owth of vi n e l e af wh ose

.

,

e x act d e n iti o n I hav e n o t succe e de d in r ightly asc e r tai n i n g is e age r ly ,

so ught by Saxon gi r ls in so me vill age s W hoe ve r n ds it p uts it in he r . ,

h air an d i f she th e n kisse s t he rst man she m e e ts o n he r way home

,

she will s o on b e mar r i e d A stor y is re l at e d O f a gi r l who h avi n g

.
,

foun d thi s growth m e e ti n g a n o bl e m an in a car r i age stoppe d the

,

horse s an d be gge d leave to kiss him To which he con se n ted This .

.

p ar ticular gr owth un kn o wn to Mrs GERAR D is whe n the leaves or

,
.
,

t e n drils o r shoots fo rm a n at ural kn ot A m on g t he gypsies in Hun gary .

,
1 4 0 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

t wo with sharp k n i fe ; if this can be do n e witho ut c utti n g a se ed t he

a

wish o f t he h e art will b e fulll e d O f yore i n m an y l an ds t he apple was

.
,

e ve r sacr e d to lov e wisdom an d divi n atio n O n ce i n G e rm an y a we ll

, , .

fo r med C hild bec am e through b e witchme n t sor e ly c r oo ke d an d cramp e d ;

, ,

by t he advice of a mo n k t he mothe r cut an apple i n thr ee pi e ce s an d

m ade t he child e at th e m whe r e upo n it be came as be for e I n Ill z ach i n
,
.
,

O n S ai n t A n dre w s Eve

A lsac e t he r e is a c ustom c all e d A n dr e sle

.
,

a gi r l m ust t ak e fr om a wido w an d wi t hout r e t ur n i n g than ks for i t an

, ,

appl e . A s i n H un gar y she c uts it i n t wo an d m ust e at o n e h al f o f it

be fo r e midn ig ht an d t he othe r h al f aft e r it the n i n sl e e p she will se e
,

he r fut ur e h usb an d . A n d there is y e t an o ther love spe ll o f t he spli t -

appl e give n by SC H EI EL E Die gute alte Z e it Stuttgar t 1 8 4 7 p 2 9 7) , , , .

which r u n s as fo llows

On Fr id y ly m y ba e ar as a e,

T k t h f i st ppl f m
a e e t
a re a e ro a ree,

Th i ent h y bl d
n p p whit oo on a er e

T hy w mo d thy t u l v s w it
n na e an r e o e

r e,

T h t ppl th u i
a a tw sh lt c u t
e o n o a ,

A d f n its u th t p p p u t
or c re a a er ,

W it h t w sh p pi s f my tl w d
o ar n o r e oo I

J i t h h l s till it s m g d
o n e a ve ee oo ,

I th
n v l t it d y
e o en e r ,

A d w pp d i
n l v s f my tl li
ra e n ea e o r e e,

U d n th erpill w f t hy de o o e ar ,

Y t l t it b u k w t h
e e ; e n no n o er

A d i f it
n s c t b a e re e

Sh e w ill s h w h
soon l f th o er o ve or ee .

S imil ar appl e so r c e ri e s we r e k n o wn to t he N or se me n B e cause t he appl e .

was so n e ar ly co n n e cte d with l o v e an d l uxur y Ge schle ct slie b e un d Z e u

u n slust
those w h o we r e i n iti at e d i n t he myst e r i e s an d vo we d to ch astity
g g
we re for bidd e n to e at it A n d fo r t he s ame r e aso n appl e s h ar e s an d
.
, ,

C upids or A m ore ts we r e ofte n de pict e d t ogeth e r I n Ge n e sis as in

,

, .
,

t he Ca n ticle s o f S ol o mon appl e s or at l e ast t he fr uit from which t he

, ,
 R O UMA NI A N A ND TR A NS YL VA NI A N SOR CERI ES
. 141

mode rn appl e I n he rite d its tradition s ar e a symbol of sexual lo ve I n.

Flore n ce wome n wishi n g for child r e n go to a pr iest an d ge t fro m hi m a

blessed appl e ov e r whic h th e y pron oun ce an i n c an tatio n to San ta A n n a
,

la San Na who was t he Luci n a o f t he Lati n s

.
 C HA PT ER IX .

TH E RE N D E VO S
Z U OR M EE T I N G S O F WI T C H E S S O R C ERER S A ND
, ,

VI L A S A .

CON T I N U A T IO N O F S O U T H S L A VO NI A N G YP S Y L O R E -
.

N East e r n E ur ope witche s an d th e i r kin o r ki n d , ,

ass e mbl e o n t he e v e o f S ai n t Joh n an d o f S ai n t

Geor ge C hr istm as an d Easte r at c r oss r oads o n

, ,
-

t he b r o ad pastas or , pr ai r i e s an d the r e br e w
,

the i r m agic p oti o n s This as D r KRA U S S

.
,
.

o bse r v e s , o r i i n at e d i n
g fe asts h e ld at t he sam e

t im e in r e C h r isti an tim e s So it was th at a

p
-
.

t ho us an d ye ar s ago o ld an d y o un g asse mbl e d

in wo ods or o n plai n s t o b r i n g gi fts t o
the i r go ds an d c e le br at e d with dan c e s
, ,

gam e s an d o ffe r i n gs t he fe stival O f spr i n g

, ,

o r o f awaki n g an d bl o o m i n g Nat ur e The se .

ce l e b r ati o n s h av e take n C h r isti an n am e s b ut ,

i n n um e r able old h e athe n r ite s an d c ust o ms

ar e still t o b e fo un d i n th e m It may be
.

h e r e obse r ve d th at mi n gl e d with th e se ar e
m an y o f a pur e ly gypsy O r ie n t al or igi n -
,

w hich ca me same s our ce an d whi ch it r e mai n s for c ar e ful

1 44 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

K asav e ro mfi i 11 5 d e l,

K e ksvo m th d l ; ar o e e

S arm gul l l p k l

re e e e e e

K a S v i t G dy l
n o or e ve .

Fur mun t e l bu t e luludy a
Fur mun t e l y o y
b u t ch m e ar a

A d p t l b u t kmb
n re e re e

K O ch l b vl b k a ro o a a a e.

No
b k s s u ch b d
on e a e rea as my wi f s u ch h b kd m e, as s e a e e on S t G e or g e s
,

Dy a M y w s
. an d d w w o er an e ere k d d i t t h c k with l v
nea e n o e a e o e. W ho e ve r e ts
a

f it w ill b h sl
o e er a ve .

E n gl an d I
In was
told by an Old gypsy woman n am e d LI Z Z I E
B U C K L A N D that i n , t he o ld tim e gypsy gi r ls made a pe c uli ar ki n d o f
cak e a R om
,
a ny m or r i clo which th e y b ak e d e sp e ci ally fo r th e i r love r s an d
, ,

u s e d t o thr o w t o th e m o ve r t he he dge by n ight To m ake it m or e .

acc e ptabl e an d pr ob ably to fa cilit ate t he action O f t he ch ar m

, th e y wo uld ,

ut mo n e y i n to t he c ake It w as o bse r v e d o f o ld amo n g t he Rom an s

p .

t h at f asci n a t i o b e gan with atte r y complime n ts an d pr e se n ts , ,

O n t he n ight o f Sai n t Jo h n t he witch climbs t o the t o p o f t he h ur dl e

fe n ce which sur r ou n ds t he cow y ar d an d si n gs t he followi n g spell -
,

K m i i en s r,

K m i m sl en a o,

K m i put en er,

K m i ml k en e o

A v m p k k ku
a a r avs ko i u

To me t he ch s ee e,

To me th t ll w ( m t)
e a o or ea ,

To me th b u tt
e e r,

To me th milk
e ,

T o y ou on ly t h c whid e o e .

O r, as it may be expr e ssed in r hym e

Th e ch s m t b u tt
e e e, ea ,
er, an d milk fo r me ,

Bu t ly t h c whid l ft
on e o e e for th e e .
 TH E RENDEZ VO US OR MEE TI NGS OF WI TCH E S . 145

The n t he Cow will die t he c arcass b e b ur i e d an d t he ski n sold , , .

T o pr e ve n t a ll this t he o wn e r g oes e ar ly o n St John s Day t o t he

'
.

m e ado w an d g ath e rs t he m o r n i n g d e w i n a clo ak This he c ar ri e s home .

,

a n d aft e r bi n di n g t he cow to a be am washe s he r with it She is the n .

milke d an d it is b e li e ve d that i f all has go n e r ight she will yi e ld fo ur

,

b u cke tsful .

I n the ch apt e r on Conj ur atio n s an d E xo r cisms amo n g t he Hun gar i an

G ypsi e s I h ave me n tion e d t he import an c e which th e y att ach t o t he b e i n g
,

bor n a se v e n th or twe l fth child This is t he s ame thr ougho ut S outh .

Sl avon i a wh e r e t he b e li e f th at such p e r so n s i n a se r i e s o f bi r ths ar e ex

,

ce t io n all
p y gi fted is sh ar ed by both gypsi es w ith whom it p r ob ably ,

o r igi n at e d an d t he ,p e asan ts Wh at r e n de r s this almos t c e r tai n is that

.

Dr KRA U SS m e n t i on s th at t he Olde st i n fo r m ati o n as t o t he subj e ct amo n g

.

t he S l avs dat e s o n ly fr om 1 8 54 whil e t he faith is an ci e n t amo n g the

,

gypsi e s .

H e r e fe r s he r e t o t he so call e d Ke r st n i ki who o n t he e v e o f ,

St J o h n do b attl e with t he witches

. Kr stn i k is a G r e e k wo rd m e an i n g .
, ,

lit e r ally o n e who has b e e n b apti ze d

, B ut t he Kr st n i k p r o per is t he .

you n ge st o f twe l ve br o the r s all so n s o f t he same fathe r The r e app e ars

,
.

t o be som e c on fu si o n an d u n c e r tai n ty am o n g t he Sl avs as t o wheth e r all

t he t we l ve b r others or o n ly t he t we l ft h ar e
K r st n ik acco r di n g t o t he

gypsy faith it wo uld be t he l att e r Th e s e t we l ve rs ar e t he gr e at pr o .

t e ct or s o f t he wo r ld o m wit chcr aft I B ut th e y ar e i n gr e at d an ge r on

'

Sai n t Joh n s Eve for th e n t he witch e s h avi n g most powe r ass ail th e m

, , ,

with sticks an d stake s o r st umps of sapli n gs for which r e aso n it is, ,

u s ual i n t he aut um n t o c ar e fu lly r e m o ve ev e r ythi n g o f t he ki n d fr om

t he g r o un d .

A Rr stn zlc is de scr ibe d by Mi klo si as Olove k kt e r e ga vil e ob lj ub ij u

A man who has wo n t he l ov e o f a V i la The V il a l adi e s or a ce r .

,

In No r th e r n S ag as it appe ar e d th at B s k s er er er ,
or d spe q u tly
era et w ar r i s or , fr e en

b u d th ms lv s t g th
o n e e e o e er in c mp i s f t w lv
o an e o e e. Vi d th H v eS g Ol f e er or a a, a

Tr y ggva so n

s an d t he G aut r e k Sg
a a. S th w o ere ere th etw lv N s g ds d t h
e e or e o an e

t we lv e a p stl s o e .
 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

t ai n cl ass o f the m ar e e xtr e me ly desiro us o f con tr acti n g t he close s t

,

i tim acy in shor t o f b e c o mi n g the mistr e sse s o f superior me n

n , The , .

r e ad e r m a n d n um e r o us an e cdot e s o f su ch amo ur s in t he C ios f

y u r a o

He i n r ich K O R N M A NN 1 6 6 6 an d i n my E gypti an Sket ch B ook ( Tr ti b n e r

, ,

8c Co .
, Lon do n I n t he h e ath e n d ays as at pr e se n t amo n g
, ,

all gypsi e s an d O r i e n t als it was be li e v e d t o b e a wo n de r fully l ucky thi n g

,

for a man t o ge t t he l o ve o f o n e o f th e s e b e au ti fu l bei n gs W hat t he .

di f c ulti e s we r e which k e pt the m fr o m n di n g lovers is n ot v e r y cl e ar ,

u n l e ss it we r e th at t he l att e r m ust b e t we l fth so n s or wh at is far mor e , ,

dii cult t o n d yo un g me n who would n ot gossip ab out th e i r super

,

n at ur al swee the ar t s t o o the r mor tals who wo uld r e m ai n t r ue t o the m , ,

an d who n ally wou ld implicitly O bey all th e i r c o mman ds an d fo llow

th i r advice
e Th e r e is a v ast ar r ay o f tal e s Gypsy A rab Pr ov e n cal
.
, , ,

Nor m an Ge r m an an d Scan di n avi an which show th at o n th e se poi n ts

, , ,

t he V il a o r fo r e st maid e n
, o r spi r it o f e ar th o r ai r
-

, or fai r y was abso , ,

lut e ly e x acti n g an d impl ac abl e b e i n g h e r sel f p r o b ably allowe d by occult

,

l aws t o co n tr act an i n tim acy on ly with me n o f a high or de r o r such as ,

ar e

Fe w i n a h p ea an d v y h d
er ar to n d .

On othe r han d t he Vil a y e ar n s i n t e n se ly for me n an d th e ir n e ar

t he ,

comp an y be cause th e r e is ab ou t th os e who h ave be e n bapti z e d a ce r tai n

,

e r I m o r o d o ur o f s an ctity an d as the u n fort u n ate n ymph is n ot i m

p e ,

mo rt al h e r se l f she like s t o ge t e v e n an asso ci ati on o r sn iff o f it fr om

,

those who ar e Accor di n g t o t he R o sic r u ci an Mythology as se t for th

.
,

i n t he
U n di n e of L A M O TT E F O U Q U E she may ac q uire a soul by ,

marryi n g a man who will b e faith fu l t o he r which acc oun ts fo r t he fact
that so fe w U n di n e s liv e for e ve r H owe v e r this may b e it appe ars .
,

th at t he K r st n iki ar e spe ci ally favour e d an d e que n t ly i n vit e d by t he ,

'

V il as to step i n g e n e r ally t o a hollo w t r e e an d m ake a cal l The .

hollow t r e e pr ov e s t o b e a door to F ai r yl an d an d t he call a r e siden ce ,

o f s e v e n days which o n r e t ur n i n g hom e t he c all e r n ds were sev e n ye ars

, ,

fo r
Wh e n we ar e tim i s e e .
1 48 G YP S Y SOR CER I f.

Now the r e was o n ce a man who would h av e n o n e o f this t histl e wor k

na
y h,e mocke d at those who be li e ve d i n it S o it c am e t o p ass th at all .

thr o ugh t he ye ar witch e s came e v e r y n ight an d milke d his cows A n d b e .

re e cte d I mus t n d o ut who does this
, SO he hid himsel f i n t he hay
an d k e pt sh ar p watch A ll at on ce abou t e l e ve n o clock the r e c am e i n a

.
, ,

milk pail which m oved o f its o wn acc ord an d t he cows b e gan to le t

'

-
, ,

do wn th e ir milk i n t o it The far m e r spran g out an d kicke d it ove r The n

. .

it ch an ged i n to a t r e me n dous t oad which tur n e d to att ack him so th at i n ,

t e r r o r he took r e fuge i n his house That pr ov e d to be a l uc k y thi n g for him

. .

A we e k afte r c ame t he day of S ai n t G e o r ge Th e n he h u n g thi stl e twigs .

-

o n his stabl e do o r an d a ft e r th at his co ws g ave milk i n pl e n ty

, .

W itch e s may be se e n o n Sai n t G e or ge s Day an d that un se e n by the m if

a man will do as fo l lo ws H e m u st r ise b e fo r e t he su n t ur n all his clothe s

.

i n side ou t an d th e n put th e m o n Then he m ust cut a gr e e n tur f an d pl ace

.

i t o n his he ad Th us he b e com e s i n visibl e for t he witch e s b e li e ve he i s

.
,

u n d e r the e ar th b e i n g th e ms e lv e s app ar e n tly b e witch e d b this

, y .

V e r y e arly o n t he day o f Sai n t Geor ge o r b e fo r e su n r ise t he witche s , ,

climb i n to t he ch ur ch b e l fr y t o ge t t he gr ease fr om t he axle o n which t he be l l

swi n gs an d a pi e ce o f t he be ll r op e for th e se thi n gs ar e e sse n ti al to th e m
,
-
,
.

Dr KR A U S S obse r ve s that in t he M S fr om which he took this schmi erfetet

. .
,

o r ax le gre ase -
is i n di cated by t he wor d svie r o i n which o n e at o n ce r e cog
,
'
,

n iz e s t he Ge r m an wor d schw a r t z a bl ack It is re mar kable th at t he

, .

C hipp e way an d othe r Al go n ki n I n di an s att ach par tic ul ar value to t he

bl ack dy e m ade fr om t he g r e ase o f t he axl e o f a gri n ds t o n e .

The ext r ao r di n ar y p ai n s whi c h th e y took t o Obt ai n this had att r acted t he

att e n tio n of a m an i n Mi n n e s o ta wh o told m e o f it It r e qui r e d a whol e
, .

day to obt ai n a v e r y littl e o f it The I n di an s wh e n aske d by c ur i o us whi t e

.
,

p e opl e what this was for said it was for dye i n g b aske ts b ut as my i n forman t
, , ,

o b se r v e d the q ua n tity o b t ai n e d was ut t e r lv i n ade qu at e t o an s uch purpo se

, y ,

an d e v e n b e tt e r b l ack d e s hicko r y b ark an d a lu m k n o wn to an d

y ) ar e ,

can b e v e r y e asily O bt ai n e d by th e m The r eal O bj e ct was t o u se t he gr e ase

, .

in me dici n e i e for sor ce r y The e age r n e ss o f both witches i n Europe
, . .
, .
 TH E R ENDEZ V0 US OR MEE TI NGS OF WI TCH ES . 149

an d I n dian s i n A me rica to o btai n such a si n gular substan ce is v ery str an ge .

H owever t he ide a m ust be a r e c e n t on e amon g t he I n di an s for there were

, ,

ce rt ai n ly n o gr in dsto n e s amon g the m befor e t he com in g o f t he white me n .

Fo r th t I
a ll t ll s id h
a c an e , a e,

I s th t it is myst y
a a er .

H eathen s though th e y be ,man y gypsi e s h ave a s upe rstitious belie f i n

t he e f c acy of t he s acr ame n t al b r e ad an d wi n e an d ther e ar e man y i n st an ces ,

O f th e i r st e ali n g th e m fo r m agic al p u r pos e s So i n t he Middle Ages witches

.

an d so r c e r er s us e d th e s e Obj e cts for t he m ost si n g ul ar purpose s Paul us ,

Gr i llan dus i n his Tr act at us de H e r e t i cis e t Sor t ile giis 8cc ( Lyo n s

, , .
,

ass ur i n g his r e ade r s th at he had k n own a witch who had t wo holy wafe r s

i n scribe d with m agical ch ar acte r s which she use d for de bauchi n g i n n oc e n t

gi r ls an d b e tr ayi n g the m t o me n an d th at it was a beli e f that i f a woman
,

had t he s acred O il fr e sh o n he r lips n o man cou ld r e frai n fr om kissi n g her .

This is the un ion of t wo ki n ds O f m agic ; a vi e w which n e ver on ce

o ccur r e d t o th e ol o gical wr ite r s A n d he re I may appr opri ately me n tion
.

th at while t he p r oo fs o f this wo r k wer e p assi n g th r ough my h an ds

accide n t t hrew i n to my way an e xtr e m e l y r ar e wor k which ill ustr ates ,

t o p e r fe cti o n t he ide n tity o f popu l ar an d e ccl e si astical sorcery This is .

De EEe ct ib us Magi cis ac dc N uce Maga Be n e v e n tan a

e n titl e d ,
Six ,

B o oks of M agic Effe cts an d of t he W itch W al n u t tr ee of B e n e ven to -

.

A wor k n e ce ssar y joy o us an d use ful to Ast ro logists

, , Philosophe r s , ,

Ph y sici an s E xor cists an d D octor s an d Stude n ts of H oly Scr ipt ures B y

, , , .

t he Chie f Physici an PE T ER PI P ER No It appear s t o have be e n pr ivately

-

.
,

p r i n te d at N apl e s i n 1 6 4 7 an d c ame fr o m a con v e n t ual libr ar y It bor e

, .
,

wr itte n o n a y l e af t he wo r d P r oi bi t o
,
.

I n it ever y ki n d o f disor de r or dise as e is de cl ar e d t o be c ause d by

devils an d witches The autho r be lieves with D E L R IO that disease en t ered
.

i n to the wor ld as a con se que n ce of sin ( r efe r en da si t a d pr i me n ost r a '

mat r is peet at um) a vie w held by J O H N M I L T O N ; he n ce o f course all , ,

disease i s caused so l e ly by the devi l I n his v ol ume of t wo h un dr ed

.
1 50 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

l arge an d close p age s our PE T ER P I P ER N O displ ays a vast e rudi ti o n on ,

t he origi n o f de vils an d diseases is bitt e r o n the r iv al school of m agic al ,

pr actitio n e rs who use cur e s an d i n c an t atio n s u n like his own an d th e n ,

give s u s the n ame an d n at ur e o f all dise ase s accor di n g to t he diEe r e n t ,

p ar ts o f t he body & c t he medi cal pre sc r iptio n s pr op e r for th e m an d

, .
, ,

wh at is in his opi n ion most n e e d ful o f all t he i n ca n t at i on o r exor cism

, , ,

to be pron oun c e d Som e time s th e r e ar e s e ve r al o f these as o n e fo r

.
,

maki n g up a pill an oth e r o n t aki n g it St e There ar e also ge n e r al

, , .

co j uration s I m e an be n e dictio n s for t he me dici n e s altogether or i n par
n

t i cul ar su ch as t he B en edi ct i o Sy r upor um T h e B l e ssi n g of t he S y r ups

, , ,

an d t her e is a ve r y affe cti n g an d appr opr i ate ly movi n g o n e for makin g

o r t aki n g C astor O il an d oils o f all ki n ds as follows , ,

B ENEDI CT I O O L EI .

T his
b gi s with t h I e/i P t i &c
n d A dj t i m t m &e d th
n n or t n e a r s, .
,
an a or a n os r tt , c .
, an en

I e x cis y u ll or m tics h bse ts s e ds st s g u ms d wh t ve is t b

o a ar o a , er , r oo , e ,
on e , , an a e r o e

c mp u n d d with th is
o o e i l by G d t h F th G d th S o d G d t h H ly G h st by t h
, o e a er, o e on , an o e o o , e

G d tr i u
o
y t nee by t h h lye d si gl
on T i ity
, th t t h imp u S
e pi it d p t f om y u an n e r n , a e re r e ar ro o
,

an d with it v y i c u si f S t
e v y f u d f t h E my ve y vil f t h D vil
er n r on o a an , e er ra o e ne , e r e o e e ,

an d th t mix d with i l y u m y f
a e th s u bj ct f m ll i mi t i i c t ti s bi di gs
o o a ree e e ro a n r e s, n an a on ,
n n ,

w itchc fts f m ll di b lic l f u d

ra , ro t d p w
a by t h m its f u L d J s u s Ch ist
a o a ra ,
ar , an o e r, e er o o r or e r

an d t h e m st b l v d V i gi M y
o d f ll t h s i ts
e o e Am r n ar , an o a e a n . en .

The c urses fo r
the de vils o f colds fe ve r s r h e umatisms gouts stomach , , , ,

a ches &c
,
ar e awful bo th in n umb e r l e n gth an d quality ; e n ough t o
.
, , , ,

ight e n a cowb o y o r
'
e x ho r t an imp e n it e n t mul e i n to do cility Th e re .

is the Exor ci smus t e r r i bi lis or T e r r ible E xor cism of Sai n t Z e n o i n , ,

which the disorde r is ad dr e sse d lit e r ally as A dirty false h e r e tical , , ,

drun ke n le wd p r ou d e n vious de c e it ful vile s wi n dli n g stupid d e vil

, , , , , , ,

with some twe n ty more e pithe ts which i f appli e d i n the se o ur d ays to the ,

devil himse l f wo uld gr o un d an acti o n fo r libe l an d b r i n g h e avy damage s

,

i n an y court It is t o be re mar ked th at in m an y p r e scr iptio n s the autho r adds

.

t o legitim at e r emedi e s i n gr e die n ts which ar e simply t ake n fr om pop ul ar

i
, ,

n e c r om an cy ,

or witchc r aft as for i n st an ce r ue fug da mon um ve r be n a
c
e , , ,
 C H A PTE R X .

or T H E HA U N T S H OM E S A N D HA B I T S
, , WI T C H E S I N T H E
or S O U T H SL A V I C
L A N D S B O G E Y S
. A ND H U M B U G S .

l east t he y do t o t he h e e dless way far e r is to b e witch an d

 TH E H A UNTS, H OME S, A ND H A B I TS OF WI TCH E S . 1 53

sl e e p But th e y ar e p artic ul ar ly fo n d o f asse mbli n g so ci ally i n t he tops O f

.

t r e e s e spe ci ally of t he ash wal n ut an d li n de n o r lime ki n ds pr e fe r r i n g those

, , , ,

wh ose b r an ches grow i n t he m an n e r h e r e de pict e d .

Itis but a fe w d ays ago as I wr ite th at I Obse r ve d all alo n g t he r o ute

, ,

fr om Pad ua t o Fl or e n ce th o usan ds of t r e e s s uppo r ti n g vi n e s which t r e e s had ,

bee n t r ai n e d t o t ake this for m t he far me r s b e i n g as m uch i n ue n c e d by

,

l uck i n so doi n g as utility ; for it is n o t r e ally e sse n ti al th at t he tr e e
shall so exac t ly r e ce ive this sh ape t o hold a vi n e as is p r o ve d by t he fact
, ,

that the r e ar e pl an t ation s h e r e an d the r e wh e r e this m e t hod O f tr ai n i n g t he

tr e e s is n ot Obse r v e d It is v e r y sugg e stiv e o f t he t r i cul a o r t r ide n t of Siva
.
,

which o r igi n ated t he tr usb ul o r c r oss o f t he gypsi e s

,
As r e gar ds t he .

pr op e r ti e s of t he ash t r e e KRAU S S r e mar ks t hat r oots with magic powe r

g r e w un de r ash tr e e s an d q uo te s a so n g o f a m aide n who havi n g l e ar n e d

, ,

that he r lov e r is un tr ue r e plie s ,

I ma t r ava u k l Svo o o a e

I kor e n j a k l j
o jo o ase n a,

Th e r e ar e h bs by t h S v
er e a e,

A n d r oo ts u d h t s
ar o n as ree ,

mean i n g th t a she pr e p
can l o v e potio n fr om the se Th e r e is i n t he
ar e a -
.

E dda a passage i n which we ar e also t o ld th at the r e ar e m agic powe r s i n

t he r oots o f t r e e s t he r e fe r e n c e b e i n g p r o b ably t o t he ash an d possibly to
, ,

the a lr a un or imag e s m ade o f its r oots which ar e so metime s mis n amed

, ,

man drake s .
1 54 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

esorts o f Sl avo n i an gypsy witch e s ar e n ear o r i n de ep woods an d

Oth e r r

r avi n e s also on du n g hills o r pl ac e s wher e as h e s l e-

or ru bbish is th r o wn
, y , , , ,

O r am o n g d e n se b ushes O r as soo n as t he su n se ts they assemble i n

.

o r ch ar ds o f pl um tre es o r amo n g an ci e n t r ui n s whil e o n su mm e r n ight s

, ,

th e y h o ld th e i r r e ve l s i n b ar n s old h ollow t r e e s by dar k hedges o r i n sub , ,

t e r r an e an cav e r n s The pe as an t s g r e atly dre ad d un g hills aft e r dar k fo r fear

.
-

o f c r ue l t r e atm e n t by th e m W he n a wild wi n d is blowi n g t he witch e s love

.

de ar ly t o dan ce Th e n th e y whir l about i n e ddyi n g gur e s an d c ap e r s an d

.
,

wh e n t he swe at fall s fr om th e m wo e t o the man who t r eads upo n it for he

will be come at o n c e d umb o r l ame an d may b e call e d l u cky should he e scape ,

with on ly an i n amm atio n o f t he l un gs I n fact if a man ev e n walks i n a .

,

place wh e r e witche s h ave be e n he will b e come be wilde r e d or mad an d re mai n ,

so till d r iv e n h o m e war d by h u n g e r But s uch pl ace s may ge n e r ally be r e cog .

n iz e d by th e i r fo o tpr i n ts i n t h e s a n d ; fo r witch e s h av e o n ly fo ur to e s t he

gr e at t oe be in g wan ti n g Th e se my ste r ious four t o e t r acks which ar e i n de e d

.
-
,

O ft e n se e n ar e suppo sed by un beli e v e r s t o b e made by wild ge e se swan s or

, , ,

wild d u cks b ut i n r e ply t o this t he pe asan t or gypsy de cl are s th at witches

,

O fte n t ake the fo r m o f s uch fo wl A n d th e r e is m or e ove r much Rabbi n ical .

, ,

t r aditio n which pr ov e s that the de vil an d his fr ie n ds have fee t like pe acocks ,

which ar e n oto r i o usly bi r ds O f e vil o me n as is se t fo r th by a c o n t r ibutor t o ,

Tbe St 7a me s s Ga zet t e No v e mb e r 1 6 1 8 8 8

.
, ,

Ag i t k p c cks N b dy wh h
a n , a e t g n
ea o . o o o as n o o e xh u stiv ly i t t h su bj ct c
e a e n o e e an

h av e an y d quat id ef t h m u
a et f g l i c
ea o e a o n o en e ra n on v i c di ffu s d by p c ck
en e n e e a ea o .

B k ro en h ts b k limbs p c u i y v s s d v i
e ar , ro en , e n ar re er e , an ar o u s f ms f i f cti u s dis s h v
or o n e o ea e a e

all b e en t c d t t h p s c f p c ck e v
ra e o e p re en e o a ea o , or en a ea oc ck f th th p e mis s
ea e r , on e r e .

The put atio n of t he pe acock is due t o his havi n g b e e n t he o n ly

e vil re

cr e at ur e who was i n d uce d t o S ho w Sat an t he way i n t o Par adise ( For a poe m .

o n this su bject wi de Le ge n ds of t he B i r ds by C G L E L A N D Philade lphi a
, , . .
, ,

If an
y on e sh ou ld by ch an c e
pp
o i n lik e Tam O Shan t e r to
an a sse mbly
of he must at on ce quickly cove r his he ad make t he sign O f t he
witch e s , ,

cross take thr ee ste ps backwards an d a four th forwar ds The n the witche s
, .
1 5 6 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

Now t he gi l r t h m
ith h b r thwe n d m t he
o A de, w h ere sh e liv d e w er o er an o r. n

h vi g b c m e
a n e o t g a bywitch h b g
ight w hich tsh em th eb an o o o ut ft o en n , e o er o se r

i g s id t
v n , h a
Q u l i lt o t u t er i t u /
1
son , ll p
i g a r S
e m oo a r ov e r a a sor e a to a an t e r ossa.

o e

d y y u w ill d y u
a o sist with D n t thi k s u ch
n o r thi g m mm h
er

o

n a n ,
a a,

e

re pli d H w v
e . I will d u t wh

o it is h g e s
e er, n o ere s e o .

S h w tch d o d ight h
e w his sist
a
g e u t
,
f t h
an e d u
on ell p u t n e sa er o o o oor , s o n o

d lle mzza t t j u ste t mid ighto Th

no h c u ght h by t h h i
e a d tw ist d itn . en e a er e a r, an e

r u d his
o n m Sh b g t sc m t ibly wh
ar .
e th e c m u n i g
e an o rea e rr , en e er o . er a e r n n a

g t u mb
re a f nc ts mi i ermi / o
ua
g b i eth ( oy b g t m w
n t ar on o a o ar e , e re n r an e asso e e an o e

an d m k g t r w d f
a e h u t h sist st u ggl d t sc p b u t i v i f
a re a o ,
an or an o r e er r e o e a e n a n, or

h erh i w f st d sc m d whil t h c ts sc ch d till it st u ck

a r as a an rea wh th
e e e a r ee e ,
r on e , en e

c ts v ish d d t h
a an /
l w i e siblan Bu t f m th t tim h h d
e sor e a w itch as n se n e . ro a e s e a no

c f i
ra t h d be c m
n ou d m
e r , an g d gi l h h d b
a e a bf m
on a e o, or oo r , as s e a een e or e

eo e er a

p imr a .

It is ver y evide n t that in this stor y the r e is n o di abolic al ag e n cy an d ,

th at t he witchc r aft is simply a quality which is t ran s fe r r e d like a dise ase ,

an d which m a
y b e r e mov e d Th us in V e n ic e w h ere as is e vid e n t fr o m .
,

t he wo r ks of B ER NO NI
t he witche s ar e of Gypsy Sl avic Gr e e k or igi n ,
a -

witch los e s all he r powe r if m ade to sh e d e v e n on e d r o p of bl oo d or ,

som e time s i f she b e de fe ate d or foun d out t o b e a witch I n n on e O f .

th e se coun t r i e s has she r e ce i v e d t he hor ribl e charact e r O f a m e r e in st r u

m e n t of a st up e n do us e vil powe r wh ose e n ti r e will an d wor k is to dam n ,

all m an ki n d ( alr e adv full of or igi n al sin ) t o et e rn al to r t ur e For this .

l s ult r a o f h o r r o r cou ld o n ly r e sult fr om t he H e b r e w Pe r si an co n ce

ne
p u p
-

ti o n o f pe r fe ct m alig n ity i n c ar n at e as an a n t i god an d be de ve lop e d by ,

-
,

gl o omy asc e tics who b e gr udge d m an ki n d e ve r y smile an d e v e ry gl e am of

sun light I n I n di a an d E aste r n E ur ope t he witch an d de mo n ar e simply
.

awful po we r s o f n at ur e like thun d e r an d p e stile n c e d ar k n e ss an d mal ar i a

, , ,

the y n owhe r e appe ar as aimi n g at de st r oyi n g t he soul For s uch an idea .

as this it re q ui r e d a the o lo gy an d mythol o gy e m an ati n g fr o m t he b asi s

o f an abs o l u t e ly p e r fe ct mon ot he os which gav e birth t o an an tith e sis ; ,

i n n ite good wh e n co n c e n tr ate d n at ur ally sugg e sti n g a shado w coun t e r

, ,

part O f e vil I n E ast e r n E ur o pe t he wit ch is i n de e d still c o n fuse d wi t h

. , ,

t he V il a who was on c e an d o ft e n still is a b e n e vol e n t el e m e n tar y spi r it

, , , ,

who o ften p un ish e s on ly t he b ad an d gl adly favo ur s t he good I t is as ,

.
 TH E H A UNTS, H OME S, A ND H A B I TS OF WI TCH E S . 1 57

c urious as it is i n t e r e sti n g t o see how un de r the i n ue n ce o f the Chur ch

, ,

e ve rythi n g whic h was n ot dir ectly co n n e cted with t he c urren t theo logy
was m ade to t ur n sour an d bitte r an d poison ous an d how dark n ess an d ,

fr ost stol e o ve r owe r y e lds which o n ce were i n ge n i al sun shi n e

gya .

It is a n ece ssar y r e sult that in att ai n i n g highe r ide als t he l e sser must fade
o r ch an ge D e vilism o r t he d r ead o f t he child an d savage of t he powers
.
,

o f d ark n e ss a n d myste rious e vil e n ds by i n car n ati n g all th at is pai n ful

,

or terribl e i n e vil spi r its which suggest th e i r o pposite s

,
Fr om De vilis m .

r e s ults Polyth e ism with o n e l e adi n g an d good spirit who in time be

, ,

comes supr e m e The n we have M on othe ism

. But as e v il still exists .
,

it is s uppose d that the r e ar e i n n ate ly evil powe r s or Spirits who oppose

t he good B y followi n g t he same pr oc e ss t he leader o f th e se be comes an
.

an ti t ype
-
Luci fe r or Sat an o r arch de vil t he r e sult bei n g Dualism
, , ,
-
,
In .

t his we h av e a spi r i t e n d o wed with i n cr e dibl e activi t y an d power who is ,

o n ly n ot om n ip o te n t an d whose malign ity far tran sce n ds an ythi n g at tr i

,

b uted to t he gods o r d e vils of Polyth e ism H is con st an t ai m is t o damn .

all m an ki n d t o all e te r n ity an d his powe r is so gr e at th at to save eve n

,

a small p or t io n o f man ki n d fr o m t his fat e God himse l f or H is own So n , ,

,

must u n de rgo pe n an ce as a man an i de a foun d i n t he Buddhism of

I n di a This is all the re gul ar an d logical se q ue n ce of Fetishis m an d
.

Shaman ism W itchcr aft an d t he tal e s told of it follow i n t he path of

.
, ,

t he religi o n o f t he a e I n t he e ar li e st tim e wom e n we r e appare n tly t he

g .

o ly physici n s th at is t o say m agi ci an s an d as man was i n his lowest
n a

s ge
t a t he m gic a a vil e witchcr aft The n cam e t h Sham
a w s e . an a m an

who taught i n A n imism a m o r e r e n e d sor c e ry which was however , , ,

as yet t he o n ly r e li io n B he witch still e xisted an d so she co n ti n ued

g u t t .
,

to e xist par i passu through all t he de ve lopme n ts o f r e ligi on A n d to

, , .

this day e v e r y for m an d ph ase O f t he m agici an an d witch e x ist so me

wher e it som e time s h appe n i n g th at t r ac e s o f the e ar liest an d most bar
,

baro us sor ce r y ar e pl ai n an d palpable in the most advan ce d faith T here .

may be chan ges O f n ame an d O f associatio n but i n simple truth it is all ,

m agic an d n othi n g else .

1
58 G YP S Y SOR CER r .

Gypsy, I n di an an d It ali an witche s ho wever

H ungari an Sl avon i an , , , ,

they may diEe r o m those O f We ste r n Eur o pe o n the ologic al groun ds

'

agre e with the m i n m e e ti n g for the p ur po se s of r io t ous d an ci n g an d de

b auche ry It has bee n obse rve d th at thi s ki n d o f e r otic dan ci n g appears

.

t o h av e be e n cultiv at e d in the East an d ev e n i n E ur ope fr o m t he e ar li e st , ,

time s by a cl ass o f wom e n who i f n o t absol ut e ly pro ve d t o be gypsi e s

, , ,

had at an y r at e m an y poi n ts O f r e se mbl an ce with them The S yr i an .

g i rl w ho h au n ts the t av e r n s r o u n d d e sc r ibed by V I RC I L s u gg e st s the , ,

Syr i an an d Egypt ian dan ce r who is e vide n tly O f I n d o Pe r si an that is t o ,

sa
y o f N uri o r gypsy o r igi n ,T h e S p a n ish da n ci ng girls o f r e mote .

a n ti q uity h ave b e e n c o nject ur e d to hav e com e fr om this u n iv e r sal H i n d oo

Rom an y S tock I have se e n man y O f t he Alm e h in Egypt the y all

.

se e m e d t o be gypsyish an d m an v we r e absol ut e ly O f t he He l e b i , N an ar , ,

o r Rha ar i n sto cks

g T his is i n de e d n ot
p r o ed
v th
. at all the de libe r at e ly

c ultiv ated
p r o i at e
g d an ci g o f t he wo r ld is
n o f I
n d o Pe r si an or gy psy ,

o r igi n b ut th e r e is a g r e at de al a v e r y gr e at d e al whi ch r e n de r s it
, , ,

pr obable A n d it is re m ar kable th at it occ ur r ed t o P I ERR E DEL A NC R E

.

th at the Pe rsi an ba ller i n e had mu ch i n commo n wi t h wit che s No w the .

dan cers o f I n di a ar e said t o have or igi n ated in t e n thousan d gypsi e s se n t

fr o m Pe r si a an d who we r e o f s uch vag abo n d h ab it s t hat th e y c o uld n o t
,

be pe r s uade d t o se ttl e d own an ywh e r e O f th e e De lan cr e s ays .

s
.

gi ls d c t th i s c ic s lik witch s t S bb t th t is k e d
T he P e r sian r an e a e r a r e e e a a a a a na

t oth s u d f
e i st u m t A d t h w itch s i th i cc u s d ss mbli s
o n o an n r en . ith n e e n e r a r e a e e ar e e er

en ti ly k dre b mi
na ewith g t t li gi g t th i b ck
or en e e se , m y h v ta re a ca c n n o e r a , as an a e a

di v tim s c f ss d Th d m c ll d V lt is t h c mm st d t h m st i d c t
e rs e on e e . e a e a e o a e o on e an e o n e en .

I t is b e li e v d th t t h d vil t u ght th
e ki ds f d c s t t h witch e s f G i
a e e a d ree n o an e o e o n e vr a, an

t h se d a c s we
e n y weild d u d si
re c i th
ve r e m th y mpl y e d s w itch e s
an d r e, n e n e e o an

s ticks d th s e wh t ch
,
as o im ls t d c
o o ea an a o an e.

A d th w ni this c u t y gi l t wh m t h d il h d giv
ere as n d f ir
o n r a r o o e ev a en a ro o on ,

wh ich h d t h p we t m k a ey d o c w h r w t uoch d w ith it

a S h
e idic
an u l d on e an e o as o e . e r e

t h e j u dg e s du i
g h t i l d cl i g
r n th y c u ld er t m ak h e
r ad i e b
, u t t h ye f u
ar nd e o no e r , e o n a

way t bl u t h o p tul a c n er e n e .

Th
d vils d c d wi th t h m st b u ti fu l witch s i t h f m f h g t
e e an e e o ea e , n e or o a e -
oa , or

o f a y th n im l o d c u pl e d with th m
er an a ,
th t an m i d w mn o m id ve e ,
so a no ar r e o a or a e r
1 60 G YP S Y SOR CER K

dan ce r an d fo r tun e
te ll e r or witch c o mbi n e d i n s uch v ast n umbe r s as i n
-
, ,

I n di a an d Pe r si a an d th at t he s e we r e an d ar e wh at may be truly call e d

, , ,

gy psies Fo
. r mi n g fr o m p r e histor ic times a c ast e o r disti n ct cl,ass it is ,

v e r y pr obabl e that the y r oame d fr om I n dia t o S p ai n possibly h e r e an d ,

t h e r e all ove r E ur op e The e xtr ao r di n ary diplom atic skill e n e r gy an d

.
, ,

e ogr aphic k n o wl e dg e d is l ay e d by t he r st b an d o f gypsi es who abo u t

g p ,

1 4 1 7 succ e e d e d i n r apidly obt ai n i n g p e r mits fo r the i r peopl e to wan d e r i n

,

e v e r y co un t r y i n Eur op e e xc e pt E n gl an d i n dicat e gr e at un ity of pl an an d

,

p ur pose That the se gypsi e s as suppose d sor c e r e r s appe ar i n g i n e ve r y

.
, ,

coun try in E ur ope should n ot h ave i n ue n c e d an d c olour e d i n so me way

,

the co n ce ption s of witchc r aft se ems t o b e i n cr e dibl e I f a s up er stitious

.

man had n e v e r b e fo r e in his li fe thought o f witche s dan ci n g t o t he de vil s

music it might occ ur t o him whe n l o oki n g o n at som e of t he p e r for m an ce s

,

o f S p an ish an d Sy r i an gyp sy wo m e n an d if t he m
, an had p r e vio u sly b e e n

i n for me d as e v e y body was
r in t h e f e n n
t e th ce tu r y or l at e r that the se
wome n we r e all witch e s an d s o r c e r e ss e s it could h ar dly fail t o o ccur t o
,

h i m th at it was afte r this fashi on th at t he sist e rs dan ce d at the S abb at .

O f which Opi n io n all th at can b e s aid is th at i f n o t p r ov e d it is extr e m e ly

,

o ssibl an d m a be at l e ast p r obed an d look e d i n to by those o f the

p e , y
l e ar n e d who ar e de si r ous o f cl e arly e st ablishi n g all t he gr oun ds an d or igi n s
o f an ci e n t re ligi o us b e li e fs an d s upe r stiti o n s i n which pi e s it may b e
,

fou n d th at witches an d gypsi e s h ave had n ge r s to a far g r e ate r e xte n t

t h an gr av e histor i an s h av e e ve r im agi n e d .

The E n glish gypsi e s b e li e ve i n witch e s amo n g thei r o wn peo pl e an d

, ,

i t is ve r y re mar kabl e that i n suc h c ase s at l e ast as I h ave h e ar d o f th e y ,

d o n ot r e gar d the m as a mes da m n es or S p e ci al limbs o f Sat an b ut r athe r

as some ki n ds o f e xc e ptio n ally gi fte d s o r c e r e sse s o r m agici an s The y ar e .

,

h owe ve r fe ar e d fr om the i r su pp os e d po we r t o m ake mischi e f

,
Such a .

witch may b e k n own by he r h ai r which is st r aight for thr e e or four

,

i n ches an d the n be gi n s t o cur l like a wat e r fall which come s down smoothly
an d th e n r e bou n ds r o u n dly o n t he r ocks It may b e h e r e r e m ar ke d th at
.

'

a ll this gypsy con cepti o n o f t he witch is disti n ctly H i n doo an d n ot i n

 TH E H A UNTS, H OME S, A ND H A B I TS OF WI TCH ES . 1 61

t he least Europe an or of Christi an s with whom she is si mply a human ,

devil utter ly given over to t he devil s desi r es A n d it is very remarkable

.

t hat ev e n the E n gli sh gypsi e s do n ot associ at e su ch erri n g sist e r sor an

y
ot eh r ki n d with the de vil as is do n e by their more cultiv at e d associ ates
, .

The witch i n gypsy as in other lor e is a haun ti n g terror of the

, ,

n ight . It has n ot that I am aware ev e r been conj e ct ured that t he word

, ,

Humbug is deri ved fro m the Nor se b um m e an i n g n ight or sh ad o ws , ,

ar y i n


e br e ) (J Ic e l an dic Lati n gloss Ni all s S ag a d
( t en O NE O , a n ba
g ,

t e rm e d i n seve r al old editio n s o f t he B ible a b u or

o r bo ey
g , g b ugg es , .

A n d as bogey c ame to mean a me r e scarec r o w so t he hum bugg e s or ,

-

n ightly te r r ors bec am e sy n o n ym e s fo r fe ig n ed frights A h umb ug a .

,

false alarm a b ug be ar ,
-

(

D ean Mill es MS H A L L I W ELL ) T h e fact . .

t h at bug is speci al ly applied to a n oct urn al app ar ition re n ders t he reaso n ,

for t he additio n of b um v e ry evide n t .

Ther e is a great deal that is curious i n thi s word B ogey Buga boo .
- -

i s s uggestive o f the Sl avon i an B og an d B ub both mean i n g God or a ,

.spirit B oo or bo is a hobgob li n i n Yorkshi r e so called bec ause it is said

. ,

.to be the rst word which a ghost or o n e of his ki n d utt e rs to a human

b e i n g to fr ighten hi m He n ce
,
. he can n ot say bo to a goose
, H e n ce .

.boggart bogle boggle

, , b o guest i e bar ge ist boll boman an d probably
, , . .
,
-
, , , ,

.alli e d , bock ( Devon ) fear Bull beggar is prob ably a

, .
-
o f b u an d

or boge allied to boll

, ( Norther n
) an ap aritio n
p , .
 C HA PT E R XI .

G YP S Y WI T C H C RA F T.
T H E M A G IC AL P OW ER W H I C H I S I N N A T E I N A L L
M EN A ND WOM E N H O W I T M A Y B E C UL T IV A T E D A ND D E V EL O P E D

T H E P R I NCI P L E S OF FO R T U N E T EL L I N G
-
.

OMEN xce l in t he
e

m an i fe st ati o n of cer t ai n

q ualitie s which ar e as
soci at e d with myst e r y

an d su gge stiv e o f occ u l t

i n u e n Ce s o r p o we r ..

Pe r h aps t he r e ade r will

p ar d on me i f I de vot e
a fe w p ag e s t o wh at I

c o n c e ive t o be t o a ,

c e r t ai n de gr e e an e x
,

l an ation o f this m agic ;

p
though i n de e d it may
, ,

b e j ustly s aid th at i n so doi n g we o n ly p ass t he o ld bou n dary of spi r it ual

sor cery to n d our selve s in t he wide r won d e rl an d of S cie n ce .

W hethe r it be t he action o f a faculty a cor re l ati ve action of physical

,
1 64 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

I am comi n g t o my witchcraft directly b ut I pray you h ave patie n ce ,

with my pr oe m e I wish to n ar rate a dre am which I had a fe w year s

.

e t e mbe r w hich h ad an i n te n sity o f reality D r e am

g ( p
a o S 5 ,
s .
,

k o w re ader v ar y from r ai n bow mist to L o n do n f an d so on

y o u n , ,
o
g ,

to clouds or mud This o n e was har d as m ar bl e in comp arison to most

, . .

A kw days pr eviously I had written a lett e r t o a fr ie n d i n which I had ,

disc uss e d this subj e ct o f t he dual Me an d it se e me d as if the Dr e am we r e

-
,

call e d for th by it i n an s we r .

t b
I hought I was i n my e d a German on e for I was in H o mb ur g ,

v or de r H Che e t I did n o t k n o w ex actly wh e r e I was I at o n c e e r c e ive d

y p .

t he an omaly a n d was i n
,
gr e at distr ess to k n o w whether I was awak e
or in a dream I se e med t o be a n i n vali d I re alize d o r kn e w th at
. .
, ,

i n an othe r b e d n e ar mi n e was a n urse or att e n d an t I begge d her t o .

t e ll me i f I we r e dr e ami n g an d to awake me i f I wer e She t r ied

, .

to p e rsuade me that I was in my o r di n ar y li fe awake I was n ot at all , .

satised I ar ose an d we n t i n to t he stre et Ther e I me t with t wo or

. .

thre e common me n I fe lt gr e at he sit ation i n add r e ssi n g them o n such

.

a si n g ul ar s ubj e ct b u t told them th at I was in distr e ss b e c au se I fe ar ed

,

t h at I was i n a d r e am an d b e gged th e m t o sh ak e or s q ue e z e my ar m
, .

I for get whether the y complie d b ut I we n t o n an d me t thr e e ge n tl e me n

, ,

to whom I made t he s am e r e que st O n e at o n c e p r omptly de cl ar e d that

.

he r ememb e r e d me s ayi n g th at we had me t b e for e i n Ci n ci n n at t i

, He .

pr essed my ar m b ut it had n o effe ct I b e g an t o be li e ve that I was

, .

re ally awake I r e t ur n ed t o t he r oom I he ar d a child S pe aki n g or

. .

mur m u r i n g by the n ur se I aske d he r agai n to shake my han d Thi s

. .

she did so forcibly th at I was n o w perfectly co n vi n ce d that it was n o

dre am A n d t he i n stan t it c am e home to me that it was a r e ality the r e
.
,

sei e d me the thrill o fe eli g s of a comi n g n ightm ar e an d I

z r n a
awoke

Re vi e wi n g my dr e am whe n awake I had the dee pest fe e li n g o f ,

h avi n g b e e n j oue or pl aye d with by a m aster mocker I r e c alled that -

.
,

i
whe n I rose n my n ight r obe fr om the be d I did n o t dress an d yet foun d
- ,
 G YP S Y W] TCH CR A FT . 1 65

myse l f fully
dr essed when in the str ee t T h e n I remember ed that when .

I return ed to A me r ica i n 1 8 79 I was i n gre at appr ehe n sio n lest I sho ul d

'

, ,

have troubl e an d del ay with our sixt e e n trun ks because there was u n der ,

my ch arge a l ady who was dy i n g To my great r e li e f an d amaze m e n t .

,

the of ce r whose duty it was to se ar ch cl aim e d me as an old ac quai n tan ce ,

who had met me an d T B U C H A N A N R EA D t he poet i n Ci n ci n n at t i i n

.
, ,

1 8 64 . But wh at impr e ss e d me most of all at on ce was th at the whol e , ,

.

was c ause d by an d was a kee n an d subt le mocker y of my comm e n t s in

,

my l e tte r of t he o t he r Ego an d o f its sarcastic po wer For I had b e e n le d

, , .
,

st e p by st e p thr ough t he e xt r e me st doubt to a full con victi on Of be i n g awake

, , ,

an d the n dismis sed as it we r e with a s n a o r s n e er i n to wake ful n e ss itse l f

, p ,

Now this Dream A r t ist is t o j udge by his wor ks a very differ en t ki n d

, ,

of a p e r so n from Me W e ar e n ot sympath e tic an d her ei n lies a gr e at an d

.
,

ser ious s ubject o f st udy D re ams s ays a wr iter

. ar e the n ovels which
,

,

we r e ad whe n we ar e fast asle e p an d at t he r isk of r e c e ivi n g pu n ishmen t I
, , ,

decl ar e th at m y w r ite r b e lo n gs to a school o f n ov e lists w ith which I h av e n o

fe e li n gs i n common I f as e v e r ybody assu me s it is al ways I who dre am o n l y

.
,
,

usi n g other m at e r i al how is it th at I al ways i n v ari ably disagree with t hwar t , ,

co n t radict ve x an d mo ck myse l f ? I had r athe r be han ged an d be do n e with

, ,

it b e for e I would wron g my wor st e n e my with such piti ful silly de gradi n g
, , ,

dre ams an d lo n g for gotten follies as I am c alled on t o e n d ur e

-
, I f thi s .

a lt er e o we r e a l u n atic he co ld n ot be a more thor ou ghly u n co n g e n i al

-
g u ,

i n mat e of my br ai n th an he o ften is O ur characters ar e radicall y differe n t . .

W hy has b e a mi n d so u tter ly un like mi n e ? H is t astes his thoughts

'
, ,

dispositio n s an d petty p e culi arities ar e all u n like mi n e I f we be lon ged t o

,
.

the same cl ub I should n e ve r t alk with him

, .

Now we ar e comi n g to o ur W itchcr aft This a lt e r ego does n ot con n e .

-

himse l f to dre ams A l un atic is a man who dre ams wide awake H e has lost
.
-
.

his will o r t he co n t r olli n g powe r res ulti n g fr om t he j ust co re l atio n of brain -

for c es .T he n the stor e d up im ages str ay out an d bl e n d I have dre am e d

-
.

o f t e lli n g or seei n g thi n gs an d o f acti n g t he m at t he sam e tim e A sh an d .

a watch an d a m an m se em to b e t he same t hi n g at o n ce in a dr e am as
a
y ,
1 66 G YP S Y SOR CER Y:

t he y Often ar e to a waki n g l un ati c A poet is a man who dreams wide .

a wake b ut he can guide his dreams o r imagi n i n gs to symmetrica l for m an d ,

t o a logic al co n clusio n or coher e n ce W ith t he pai n te r an d sc ulptor it is t he

.

sam e . W h e n the a lt er ego wor ks harmo n iously with the wa ki ng wi ll we

-
,

call it I m agi n atio n .

But whe n the a lt e r ego dr aws de cidedly o n l ate n t fo rces o r po wer s

-
,

u n k n o wn t o t he waki n g Me I am am aze d H e doe s it ofte n e n ough t hat

, .
,

is ce r t ai n The n we h ave Myste r y A n d it is o ut of this that me n h ave

. .

drawn t he con cl usion th at they have t wo or t hr e e so ul s an astr al spirit a ,

p o w e r of p r oph e cy the ar t o f l e avi n g the body an d the e n tire m achi n e r y of

, ,

o cc u lti sm Phy siology is probably o n t he high r oad to Cxpl ai n it all b ut as

.
,

e t it is n ot e xpl ai n e d
y .

Me an while it ste al s i n to o ur waki n g li fe i n man y ways It come s i n .

e motio n s p r e se n timen ts
, h arp ton e s mystic al con ce ptio n s an d mi n gli n gs o f
, , ,

i mage s or ide as an d i n compre he n sibl e deductio n s which ar e some time s of

, , ,

c our se p r ophe tic

, It has n othi n g in commo n with comm on se n se the r e fo r e
.

i t is to so me un common se n se or to Oth e rs n on se n se
-
,Sometime s it i s o n e -
.

o r the oth e r A gr e e able se n sati o n s an d th e i r h ar mon y becom e t he B e auti ful

. .

These ble n d an d produce a ge n er al z st he t i c se n se It become s mystica l an d .

,

i s easily worked o n by the a lte r ego The most i n spi r e d passages of e v e r y

-
.

oe t o n the be au ty o f N at ur e betr ay clear ly the i n ue n c e an d hidd e n po wer

p
o f the D re am i n waki n g li fe S H ELL E Y W O RD S WO R T H KE A T S B Y R O N
.
, , , ,

were all waki n g dr e amer s de la pr e mi r e for ce .

H e who has he ar d an I Eolian h ar p pl ay an d I have he ard t he se ve n
o f JU S T I N U S K ER N E R i n the old c astl e o f W e i be r t r e u wh e n I was his gue st

if he b e a ton e art ist has o ft e n caught se r i e s of ch or ds which wer e almo st

-
,

me lodie s This mu sic has t he same r e lation to de n ite compo sitio n which
.

t he dream has to waki n g common se n se Ther e ar e t wo thi n gs which I do .

n ot un derst an d O n e is why compose rs of m usic m ak e so little u se of the

.
,

suggestive I Eoli an h ar p ; the seco n d is why d e cor ative de sign ers n e v e r e mploy ,

t he foldi ng m i r r or to p r od u ce d e sig n s
I The on e is an e xact coun t e rpart of .

Vi de Dr awi n g an d De s i g n i n g .

Lon d on Whitt k a er 8: Co 1 888 .
1 68 G YPS Y SOR CER Y .

store . M an y o f t hose who m we meet in dream s ar e like t he ghosts of

d olls .

Thi s is the o nly tr ue Night side o f N atur e b ut i ts shadows an d d usky ,

t wilight an d stran gely h ued chi arosc u r o s an d lo n g p auses o f gloo m come

,
-
,

c o n st an tly i n to the s un light o f our waki n g li fe S ome lives h ave too m uch .

of it some too little

, Some re ceive it i n coarse an d e vil forms as l un atics
.
, ,

an d suE e r e rs fro m m an i a ct pot u ; some can n y people happy Scotchme n for ,

i n st an ce succeed i n b an ishi n g it from life as n ear ly as is possible for a human
be i n g to do Now to Speak c learly an d to re capi t ul ate disti n ctly I se t for th
.
, ,

t he followi n g propositio n s

I W e have a co n scio us will which wh e the r it be an i n d e pe n de n t

.
,

i n comprehe n sib le spirit or si mply the correlative result or action of all our
,

o t her brai n po we r s exists an d duri n g our waki n g hours directs o ur thoughts

, ,

an d acts W hile it is at wor k i n the world with soci al i n ue n ce s its gen er al

.
,

t e n de n cy is towards aver age common se n se .

II T his con scious will sl e e ps when we s lee p But the collec t iv e im ages
. .

w hich form memor y each bei n g i n deed a s e par ate memory as an aggregate
, ,

o f bees cells for m a comb ar e al ways re ady to come for th j ust as ho n ey is

, ,

a l ways sweet limpid an d uid The re is be twe e n the m all an associative

, , .

fac ulty o r a stran ge an d si n g ul ar power which begi n s to act wh e n t he wil l

, ,

s lee ps . W hethe r it be also an i n de pe n de n t Sel f which pl ay s capr icio usly

while con scious will sl e e ps or a r es u lt of cor r e lat e d force s it is n ot as y e t
, ,

p ossible to determi n e W h at we k n ow is th at it call s fo r th t he i m

. ages by ,

asso ci atio n an d i n a fan t astic capricious m an n er imit at e s an d combi n es wh at

, , ,

we hav e experien ced o r re ad o r tho ught dur i n g our waki n g hour s

, , , .

III O ur waki n g will can on ly re ali z e or act on such im ages as it has

.

kept famili arly before it or s uch as have bee n so o ften r ec all e d that they
,

recur spo n tan eously But a ll the treasures of me mor y see m to be available
.

t o t he dr e am rul e r an d with th e m a loose facile power of groupi n g th e m

,

i n to kaleidoscopic combi n ati on s T hus if o n e could imagi n e a kaleidoscope .

,

which at eve ry t urn made v aried gr o ups o f hu man or other gures i n diffe re n t
attitudes with ch an gi n g sce n ery an d the n s up ose t his to be t ur n ed r oun d
, p
 G YP S Y WI TCH CR A FT . 1 69

by some simple vit al or me chan ical acti o n he wo uld h ave an ide a of t he ,

actio n o f dr e ams It is pr ob abl e that t he r adic al fun ction o f t he dre am

.

powe r is to pr e ve n t i mage s fr om be comi n g utte r ly forgo tt e n or rusty ; an d

by e xe r cisi n g t he fac ulty of facile or ch an c e combi n ation t o ke e p awake i n
man or igi n ality an d cr e ative n e ss Fo r it is almost ce r t ai n that but for the
.
,

in tr usio n o f this faculty i n t o ou r waki n g thoughts man wou ld become a m e re ,

an i m al ,
without an id e a be y on d t he joi n t common appe tite s i n sti n cts an d , ,

e motio n s o f t he lo we st o f his ki n d .

I V The dr e am p owe r i n tr udes mor e or l e ss i n to all waki n g li fe

.
-
Th e n .

it acts tho ugh i r r e g ul ar ly y e t i n h ar m o n y with co n scious will

, ,
W h e n i t is , .

p o w e r ful a n d has g e at skill

r i n fo r mi gn associ atio n s o f im age s an d by
i m age s I mean wit h K ay ,
ide as an d c an al so s u bmit these to waki n g
,

wisdo m t he r e s ult is p oe t r y or ar t
, I n r e calli n g stran ge be auti ful images
.
, ,

a n d i n im agi n i n g sce n e s we p ar tly l aps e i n to d r e ami n g ; i n fact we do d r e am

, , ,

th o ugh con scious wi ll sits by us all t he time an d e ve n aids o ur wor k A n d .

m ost poe ts an d artists an d m an y i n ve n tors will t e sti fy th at whil e imagi n i n g

, , ,

or i n v e n ti n g they abst r act t he

, mi n d fr o m t he wo r ld an d common pl ace -

e v e n ts s e e k c alm an d q ui e t an d t r t e t i n to a b r own study which i
, y o
g , s ,

a waki n g d r e am Th at is t o say a con diti o n which is i n some r e spe cts

.
,

an alogo us to sl e e p is n e ce ss ar y t o s t im u l at e the o w an d comb in ati o n o f

i mage s . This br own study is a st at e o f mi n d i n whic h im age s flow an d
bl e n d an d fo r m n e w sh ape s far mor e e asily th an whe n W ill an d Re aso n h ave
t he u pp e r h an d Fo r t hey act o n ly i n a co n ve n ti on al be ate n tr ack an d d e al
.
,

on ly with t he kn own an d famili ar .

V M agic is t he p r o d ucti on o f th at which is n ot m e asur e d by t he

.

c ap acity o f t he con sci o us wor ki n g wi ll The dre am spi r it or that which .

,

k n o ws all o ur me m o r i e s an d whic h combi n e s bl e n ds sep ar at e s scatte r s

, , , , ,

u n it e s
, co n fuse s i n t e n si e s b e aut i e s or m akes te r r ibl e all t he pe r so n s
, , , ,

sce n e s
,
acts e v e n ts
, tr age die s o r c o me di e s k n own t o us can if it please s
, , , , ,

by i n stan tan e o us r e aso n i n g or i n tuition pe r ce iv e wh at waki n g common se n se ,

doe s n ot W e visit a sick man an d t he dr e am spir it out of t he i n e xh austibl e

.
, ,

b oar ds of m e mo r y aide d by association which r e sults i n sub t le occult , ,

23
1 70 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

r ea son i n rceives th at t he patie n t will di e i n a c e rt ai n tim d hi

g p
, e e a n t s ,

r esul t is se r v e d u
p i n a dram atic dr e am T he amoun t o f mi r acl e s myst e ries
.
, ,

a p ar ition s omen s an d t he ur ia which the ac t io n o f these l ate n t fac ulti e s c ause

p ,
g , ,

or se em to c ause is simply illimit able for n o man k n ows how m uch he

, ,

kn ows Fe w i n de e d ar e the or din ary well e du c ate d E ur ope an s o f av e r age

.
, ,
-

e xp e r i e n ce o f li fe whos e memo r i e s ar e n o t i n e xh austib le e n cycl o p e di as an d

, ,

whose in te llects ar e n o t i n n it e ; if all th at is r e ally i n th e m could be wake n e d

fr om sl u mbe r No w

kn ow thyse l f would me an kn o w t he un ive r se
, .
,

the r e ar e pe o ple who without bei n g able to say why ar e ofte n i n spi r e d by
, ,

t h is power which i n tu itive ly divi n es or g ue sse s without r e v e ali n g t he proc e ss

to commo n se n se They look i n to t he e ye o f a person som e thi n g i n glan ces
.

an d to n e s ,ge st ur es mie n an d addr e ss suggests at o n ce an asse rtio n o r a

, , ,

pre diction whi ch p r ove s t o be t r ue Co n side r in g that t he dr eam po we r has.

-

million s o f e xpe r ie n ce s or image s at its co mm an d th at it i t s o ve r the m all ,

like light n i n g th at it can c ombi n e abst r act comp ar e an d de d uct that it

, , , , ,

b e i n g so to spe ak m or e o f a thaumatur gical ar tist th an an ythi n gelse e xc e ls

, , ,

waki n g wis dom i n su btl e t r ick e r y t he wo n d e r is n ot th at we so O ft e n h e ar of

, ,

mar v e llous magical in e xplicabl e wo n de r s bu t t hat the y ar e n ot of d aily or

, , ,

ho urly o ccu r r e n ce W he n we thin k o f wh at we might be i f we could

.

mast e r our se lv es an d call o n t he v ast se a o f kn owl e dge which is i n t he b r ai n

,
.

o f e v e r y o n e who r e ads th e se li n e s to i ve str ict r e ck o n i n g of its e v e r y wave

g ,

an d ev e r y drop o f wate r an d e v e r y sh e ll p e bbl e

,
wr e ck we e d o r gr ai n o f , , , ,

san d ov e r which it r olls a n d withal m ast e r t he for c e s which m ak e i t s tid e s

,

an d st o r ms t hen we ma
, y co m p r e h e n d th at all t he wo n de r wor ki n g p o we r -

at t r ib ut e d t o all t he so r ce r e r s o f olde n time was n othi n g co m p ar e d t o what

we really h ave withi n us .

It is awful it is myste r ious it is t e r r ib le to l e ar n this tr e me n dous t r uth

, ,

that we ar e i n de e d withi n o ur se lv e s magician s gi fted with i n n ite i n te lle ctual

power which mean s t he ability t o kn ow an d do all thi n gs I n t he past .

me n sur mised t he e xiste n ce o f this i n n ite me mor y this powe r of subtl e ,

r e se arch an d combi n atio n bu t b e twe e n them an d the t r u th i n e v er y l an d

,

an d ti me i n te rposed t he ide a of Objective spirit ual or supe r n a t ur a l

1 7 2 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

ce t i on so that at last it
obser ve s an d r e membe r s e ve r yt hi n g an d
p
e xpe r im e n t has pr ov e d this also it will m ake t he Dr e am Po we r a waki n g
powe r absol ut e ly i n harmon y an d accor dan ce with waki n g wisd om o r
con scious will For the re aso n why t he c apr icious wild str a n ge t ful
. , ,

faculty has al ways r e mai n e d for e ig n t o us is be c ause i n all our c ul t ur e

,

we have n e ve r sought t o subdue an d t r ai n t he po we rs alli e d to it .

C atch an d tam e o n e wat e r fai r y says t he Re d I n di an le ge n d an d y ou

-
, ,

may ge t all he r sist e rs W aki n g quick n e ss o f pe r ce ption is a won de r fu l

.

ability . It can be tr ai n e d to it like light n i n g ove r illimit abl e e lds o f

th o ught (suppli e d by a v ast me m or y ) an d with the m it spon t an e ously
,

de ve l o pe s comparison an d dedu ction No w all o f this is mar v e llo usly aki n

.

to t he h abitual action o f t he dre am po we r plus th at o f re e ctio n A n d .

it is n o t possibl e t o con ce iv e that with waki n g qu ick n e ss o f pe r c e pti on ,

or vol u n t ar y subtl e ty of thought cu ltivate d in i n fan cy t o the highe st

,

powe r its t wi n which spor ts i n slee p should n o t fe e l its i n ue n c e an d

,

act u n d e r it .

The r e sul t o f this c ultu r e would i n e vit ably b e th at t he mar ve ls ,

my st e r i es an d m agic as th e y se e m t o us o f t he dr e am o r i n tuiti v e powe r

, , ,

wo uld b e pe r fe ctly un de r our waki n g co n t r ol o r to su ch an e x t e n t t h at

,
.

we could se c ur e all that is pr o t abl e i n them It is a v e r y c ur i o us fact.

that whil e Re e ctio n o r W aki n g W isdom sl umb e r s Quickn e ss o f Pe r ce p ,

ti n or Pe r c e ption an d A ssoci ation se e m t o b e al ways awake i n dr e ams or

o

waki n g .A v e r y e xte n de d se ri e s o f obse r v atio n s has c o n vi n ce d me that t he

ac qu isition o f a v e r y gr e at de g r e e o f O bse r v atio n its e l f o r of Att e n ti on, is as ,

possibl e as t o l e ar n Fr e n ch an d n o harde r ; y e t as a b r an ch o f st udy it

,

lit e r ally does n o t e xist A s a wr it e r in t he Ne w Yo r k Tr i bun e r e mar ks

.

I n fact o bserv atio n is almost an at r o phi e d fac ulty an d wh e n a wr ite r
, ,

pr actises it for t he p ur pose s o f his ar t we r e gar d t he m att e r as in some

,

se n se won de r ful I n t e r e st as MA U D S L E Y has shown is a n atur al r e sult

.
, ,

o f A tt e n ti o n an d t he t wo
, g e n e r ate W ill W h e th e r .w e can act uall
y
con tr ol t he Dr e am powe r is n ot as y e t p r o ve d by e xp e r im e n t
-
A ll that .

we can say is th at it is p r o b abl e But that this powe r m an i fe sts itsel f i n

.
 G YP S Y WI TCH CR A M 1 73

waki n g hours whe n it s ubmits to Re e ction is an est ablishe d fact It ,

.

sho ws itsel f in all imagi n atio n in all or i gi n ality br av e ar t or fan t asy

, ,
.

Th e refor e it is n o e xt r av agan t de ductio n to c on cl ude th at all of its actio n

which n o w se e ms so wo n de r ful an d which has fur n ish e d t he gr oun d wor k
,
-

for wh at we c all magic is p e r fe ctly withi n our g r asp an d m a b e

, y ,

secured by simpl e me thods of tr ain i n g which re quire on ly p e r se v er an ce

t o perfe ct th e m .

The gypsy for t un e te ll e r is acc u st o me d for ye ar s to l oo k ke e n ly

-

an d e ar n e stly i n t o t he e y e s of th ose who m she da le/ t ar s o r for t un e

She is acc ustome d to m ak e ig n or an t an d cr e dul o us o r imagi n ative

te lls .

gi r ls fee l th at he r myste r ious i n si ght p e n e trates with a power an d

with a sign t o th e i r ve ry so uls A s she looks i n to their palms an d

.
,

still more ke e n ly i n to the i r e yes while con ve rsi n g vol ubly with per fe ct
,

sel f posse ssi o n e r e lon g she obs e r v e s t hat she has m ade a hit has
-
,

ch an c e d upon som e t r ue p ass age or r e l atio n to t he gir l s li fe T his
.

e mbolde n s he r U n con scio us ly t he D r e am S pi r it o r the A lt e r Ego

. is ,
-
,

awak e n ed . It c alls for t h fr om t he hidde n sto r e s of M e mor y str an ge

facts an d asso ci atio n s an d with it arises t he l ate n t an d ofte n u n con
,

scio us quick n e ss o f Pe r c e pti o n an d t h e gypsy act ually app r e he n ds an d

,

utt e rs thi n gs which ar e won d e r ful Th e r e is n o cl airv oyan ce illumi n a
.
,

tion or witchc r aft i n s uc h cases I f s uch powe rs existe d a s th e y ar e

.

e n e r ally un de r st o od t o do w e sho uld for o n e c se f c i s p r e dictio n

g , a o u r o u

h e ar of twe n ty tho usan d But t he D r e am powe r is at b e st t l l i r r e g ul ar

.
-
,

an d fan t astic i n its actio n ; it is at all tim e s un t r ustworth y for it has n ever ,

b e e n trai n e d un le ss of yore by Chaldzr an pr i e sts an d magi I n some .

won der ful way facts do howe ve r m an i fe st th e mselve s e vo ke d out o f t he

, , ,

u n k n own by o ccult ,though p ur e ly m at e ri al me n t al fac ulti e s ; an d the ,

r es ul t is th at wo n de r at t he i n explic abl e which m ake s miracl e s u n til we

ar e acc ustom e d t o th e m .

Th at gypsy wome n ofte n do sur mise or ar rive at ve r y c ur ious an d

st artli n g truths I kn o w b y my own e xpe r ie n ce an d also k n ow th at ,

I mysel f whe n readi n g characte r i n pe ople s han ds accor di n g to t he l aws

1 74 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

l aid down in books chi r oman cy whe n I h ave felt dee ply i n te r e ste d
on , ,

or as o n e may say e xcite d or i n spi r e d an d h av e go n e a littl e be y o n d

,

me r e de scr iption i n to conject ur e an d de duct i o n h ave b e e n am az e d ,

at my own su c ce sse s It h app e n e d on ce th at whe n i n compan y with

.

seve r al l ad ie s it was pr opose d aft e r l un ch t o go to a gypsy c amp o n

t h e Th ames ,
an d hav e for tu n e s told A mon g th e se l adi e s was o n e of
.

a ve r y im agi n ative t e mp e r am e n t who had n o t o n ly liv e d man y y e ar s i n

,

the East b ut had r esid e d se v e r al wi n te r s as a gue st i n A r ab famili e s A s

, .

she was v e r y m u ch dis app o i n t e d at n o t n di n g t he gypsi e s I o ffe r e d t o t e ll ,

he r fo rt un e by o n om an cy i e by t aki n g t he l e tt e r s o f he r n ame acc or di n g

, . .
,

to n u mbe r s an d de du ci n g fr o m th e m he r p ast an d i t ur e This I did i n

, .

a most r e ckle ss man n e r fr e e ly se tti n g down whate ver came i n to my

,

mi n d It se e m s t o me n ow th at a ki n d of i n spi r ati on sugge st e d wh at

.

I wr o t e an d pr e dicte d W h at was my am az e me n t t o h e ar t he l ady de cl ar e

.

th at all which had b e e n wr itte n as t o he r past li fe was lit e r ally t r ue an d ,

I saw th at she was si mply awe d at my su pp o se d po we r o f p r e dicti o n ,

an d had t h e fu ll e st faith i n wh at I had de cl ar e d as r e g ar d e d t he rt ur e .

W hat I had i n t e n de d for a j e s t or m e r e e n te r t ai n me n t tur n e d o ut to

b e se r i ou s e n ough A n d r e e cti n g o n t he e vil co n s e qu e n c e s o f su ch
.

b e lie f o n a pe r son who n at ur ally att r ibute d it all t o magi c I de e ply ,

r e g r e tt e d wh at I had d o n e an d hav e n o t si n ce att e mpte d an y r e n e wal

,

o f su ch or acl e wo r k
-
It had pr e viously occu r r e d th at I wr ote o ut su ch
.

a p r e dictio n fo r an ot he r l ady which I did n ot cl e ar ly e xpl ai n to he r ,

bu t i n which th e r e was a r e gu l ar r e cur r e n ce an d r e p e titio n o f som e

thi n g un for tun ate This was sho wn i n aft e r ye ar s an d t he tr oubl e s all
.
,

cam e to p ass as I had wr itte n Now t he mor e I stu di e d this c ase

.

t he mor e I was con vi n ced th at it was b ase d o n u n co n sci o us obse r v ati o n ,

compariso n an d de du c t io n
,
F IC H T E has s aid th at n o bi r d can y
.

b e yon d itse l f b ut t he mi n d som e time s doe s actually p r e ce de its o wn

,

c o n sci o u s r e aso n i n g an d thr o w b ack facts t o it .

It may b e ur ge d by th o se who still cli n g to t he old fashion e d fe tish of a -

d ist i n ct io n b e t we e n Spi r it an d M att e r th at this e xpl an atio n of p r e dictio n s

, ,
 t 76 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

fr om c alm o bse r v ati on th at t he power s o f t he hu m an mi n d ar e i n n ite an d

,

c ap abl e o f b e i n g de v e lope d by sci e n c e A n d the y will b e !.

T he r e is v e r y littl e kn owl e dge amo n g gypsie s o f r e al chi r om an cy su ch ,

as is se t
.
for th i n t he lit e r at ur e o f occult or se mi o cc ult sci e n c e Two -
.

c e n t ur i e s a o w h e n chi r o m an cy was st udied s e r i o usly an d thor ou ghly by

g ,

le ar n e d an d wise me n t he l atte r comp ar e d t ho usan ds o f h an ds an d n atur ally

, ,

e n ough e v o lv e d c e r t ai n t r uths su ch as o u r e ad e r wo u ld p r o b ably e volv e fo r

y , , ,

o ur s e l f i f y o u wo u ld do t he s am e Fi r stly th e y o bs e r v e d as y o u ma do
y .
y , ,

t h at t he h an d o f a boo r is n o t m ar ked lik e th at of a ge n tl e m an n o r th at of ,

an ig n o r am us lik e t he p alm o f an ar tist o r sch o l ar

. The li n e which i n dicat e s .

b r ai n is o n an av e r age sh or t e r in wome n th an i n me n ; in alm o st e v e r y i n st an c e

.

ce r tai n sig n s i n fallibly i n dicate gr e at se n su ality O the r s show a dispo siti o n t o

. ,

d r e ami n e ss se n tim e n t alism t he occult No w as Love W isdo m St r e n gth o f

, , .
, ,

W ill o r I n e r t n e ss ar e asso ci abl e with Ve n us Apoll o J upit e r o r S atu r n an d

, , , , , ,

as ast r o l o y was th e n se r i o u sly b e li e v e d i n it c am e t o p ass th at t he sig n s o f

g ,

c hir o m an cy we r e dist r ib ut e d to t he se v e n pl an e ts an d s uppos e d t o b e u n d e r

.
,

the i r do mi n i on It was an e r r o r b ut aft e r all it am ou n ts t o a me r e

.
,

c lassi cat i o n
. .Pr op e r ly con side r ed t he n am e s J upite r Sat u r n Apoll o
, , , ,

Me r cu r y V e n us an d M ar s ar e o n ly sy n o n yme s o f q ualiti e s me an i n g
b

, , ,

masculi n e vir t u e an d ch ar act e r aptitude ar t cl e v e r n ess se x ual p assio n an d

, , , , ,

c o mbative n e ss H e who wo uld without a tr ac e o f supe r stiti o n an alyze an d

.
, ,

de s cr ibe m an y han ds c o mp ar e d with t he char acte rs o f th e i r o wn e r s wo uld ,

ad o pt e ffe ctiv e ly t he s am e ar r an g e m e n t .

W he n we r e me mbe r t he age i n which th e y live d an d t he p o pul ar

e ar n i n g fo r wo n d e r s an d m ar ve ls which th e n char act e r i z e d e v e n t he wis e st
y
me n t he o ld chi r o man ce r s we r e si n gular ly fr e e fr o m sup e r stitio n The r e
, .

w e r e m an y am o n g the m who wo uld h av e r e gar d e d with su p r e m e co n t e mpt a

DESB A R O L L ES with his fo rt u n e te lli n g for t we n ty fr an cs

,
-
.

To the s e t r uly hon e st me n t he gypsi e s with th e ir p r e te n d e d chi r o man cy

, , ,

we r e at r st a g r e at pu zz l e The l e ar n e d PR E T O R I U S i n his v ast wo r k o n

.
,

Chi r o m an cy an d Physi og n o my de v ot e s se v e n ty v e p age s t o this

,
fo r e ign -

.e l e m e n t i n ou r midst an d c o m e s to t he co n cl u sio n th at th e y ar e h u mbu gs
,
.
 G YP S Y WI TCH CR A FT . 77

They do n ot kn ow t he
k n ow n othi n g The i n tr usi o n of the
l n es th e y
i .

lat e n t powe r s o f t he mi n d had n o pl ace i n t he philosoph y o f PR E TO R I U S ,

the r e for e he did n o t pe r ce iv e t he b ack doo r by which t he Rom an y slippe d

i n to t he or acle Ye t the r e is abun d an t e vide n ce e ve n in his own v al uabl e
.

c oll e ctio n o f t he wor ks o f his p r e de cesso r s th at m an y o f them wh e n t e mpt e d

,

fr o m m e r e ly d e scr ibi n g characte r t o str ayi n g i n to pr oph e cy we re gu ide d by ,

so m e t hi n g m o r e myst e r io us th an t he l aws o f t he li n es o f li fe o f t he head , ,

he ar t t he ci r cl e o f Ve n us t he he patic an d wi t? la ct ea
, , ,

The Hun gar i an .

gypsi e s have a syst e m o f chir oman cy o f the i r own which t he r e ade r may n d
i n t he b o ok
V o m W an d e r n de n Z ige u n e r volke by Dr v on W L I SL O C K I
.
, ,

H ambur g 1 8 9 0 I had t r an sl ate d this an d mor e of t he ki n d for this ch apt e r

, .
,

b ut omitt e d it thi n ki n g r stly th at its pl ace is supplie d by mor e impor t an t

, , ,

matte r ; an d se co n dly b e c ause it is save as p e r h aps i n dic ative o f I n di an

, , ,

o r igi n q uite v al ue l e ss b e i n g m e r e ly o f t he p r o ph e tic ki n d

, , .

I h ave m or e th an o n ce k n own gypsi e s t o te ll me thi n gs o f my past li fe

which we r e c e r tai n ly r e mar k abl e b e wilde r i n g o r i n e xplicable
,
A n d for t he
,
.

o r di n ar y se ek e r o f v o o n d e r s o o o n v o o n de r s it is all suf cie n t th at a thi n g

p
-

s h all b e beyo n d cl e ar i n t e llig e n c e H o w do y ou e xpl ai n t ha t ? is the ir
.

c r uci al qu e sti o n an d the i r cr y o f t r i u mph whe n r e l ati n g some case of an

,

auth e n tic app ar iti o n a s i r it u al fe at o f th auma tu r gy o r a dr e am fulll e d

,p I n ,
.

fact th e y would r athe r n ot h ave it e xpl ai n e d I we ll r em e mb e r ho w Pr ofe ssor

.

J O S E P H H E N R Y wh e n l e ct ur i n g on n at ur al scie n ce n ar r ate d to us his he ar e r s

, , , ,

how whe n he t old ce r tai n p e o pl e how ce rt ai n t r icks of a commo n co nj ur or

we r e e x e c ute d t he y all p r ot e st e d th at it c o uld n o t b e t he way it was
,

don e . The y did n o t wish to be disill usi o n e d R aise a man fr om t he .

de ad make hi m y thr o ugh t he ai r an d it is for e ve r ybody a mi r acle

, ,
.

Giv e th e m t he po we r t o do t he same an d in a mon th s tim e it will be ,

n o l o n ge r mi r ac ul o us b ut so m e thi n g
,

i n t he due cour se o f n atur e A nd .

wh at si n gle fact is the r e i n t he due cou r se of n atu r e which is n ot as

i n e xplic able i f we se e k for a hi ll expl an ation o f it ? Co n side r this thi n g
eve r y day till you ar e p e n e tr at e d with it bear it in mi n d co n st an tly an d i n
, ,

d ue time all phe n om e n a will be mi r acl e s We can appare n tly ge t a littl e

.

24
1 78 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

e re
n a r to the c au se s a n d give o ur disco v erie s n a m es b u t the p r im
, al c a u ses a s

con st an t ly r e ce de an d ar e co n ti n ually buried in de e per m yste r y But with .

most peopl e n ame s p ass for expl an ation s .

C a n
y o u t e ll me w h at a hypoth e sis is ? a sk e d a yo u n g g e n tl e m an

at a di n ner p ar ty o f a fr i e n d w h o
p a sse d fo r b e i n g w e ll i n fo r m e d -
H u sh .
,

was the r eply Not . n o w la d i e s p r e se n t .

Mon p e a o r a l ask e d,
a
"
F r e n ch s o ldi e r

c an
y o u , t e ll m e w h a t i s

me an t by an e q uil ateral ?
Ce r t ai n ly
ma i s d abor d do y o u kn o w '

Ah th e n it would be impossible t o e xpl ai n it t o

H e b r ew ? No
.
,

as
ou
y .

W a ld

h t is it th at m a k e s p e o ple s he a ds ache ? i n q ui re d a n o

l a dy o f a y o u th wh o h ad j u st beg u n his medic al stu di e s O h i t is .

,

on ly the co n vol u tio n o f t h e a n o m a lies o f t he ellipsoid r e pli e d t h e ,

st ude n t . J ust se e n ow what it i s to git lar n in ! comm e n t e d t he dame .

H e k n ows it all in a st r aight li n e ?

The o n e is satise d th at a hypothe sis is som e thi n g im pr ope r t he ,

oth e r that an equil at e r al is a m att e r which he might un de r st an d i f he

we r e as l e ar n e d as his cor p o ral an d t he thi r d is pl e ase d to n d th at t he
'

myst e r y has at l e ast a n ame A n d h u man be i n gs ar e satised i n t he

.

sam e way as t o the myste ri e s o f Natur e Give the m a n am e an d ass ur e .

the m that t he l e ar n e d u n de r stan d it an d they ar e satis e d , .

It is a fun dame n t al p r i n cipl e of hum an fo lly t o assume that an y

all e g ed mar v e l is a vi o l ati o n o f t he l aws of N atur e or t he wor k of

,

sup e r n at ural i n ue n ce s un til it is p r ove d n ot t o be su ch Natur e c an n o t

, .

b e vi o l at e d She is e v e r vi r gi n
. A nd ho w do y o u accoun t fo r t hat ?
.

is al ways ass um e d to b e a t e s t q uestio n It can n ot be de n i e d that in

.

almost e v e r y c as e the n ar r ator assum e s t he a bsolut e t r uth o f a ll which

,

he st ates whe n ,
as is ,
we ll k n o wn e ve n i n t he most co mmo n pl ace
,

i n cide n ts of ordi n ary li fe s uch truth can v e ry r ar e ly be o btai n e d

,
.

Secon dly he assumes th at all the p e r so n s who we r e cog n i zan t of t he

,

mi r acle or we r e con ce rn e d i n it we r e n ot o n l y perfect ly t r uthful b ut

, , ,

e n do we d with pe r fe ct per fe ction s an d a bsolut ely so un d j udgme n ts

, If .
180 G YFS Y SOR CER Y .

in psy w itchc r aft an d fo r tu n e t e lli n g which whil e i t was dire ct ly alli e d t o

gy -
,

hu mb ug o f the shallowest ki n d also r este d o n or was i n spir e d by men t al

, , ,

actio n or power which i n our pre se n t state of k n o wledge m u st b e

, ,

regar de d as s t r an ge ly myst e r ious an d of t he de e pe st in te re st A n d this .

is i n de e d we i r d i n t he fullest an d truest se n se si n c e it is use d for

, ,

pr ophecy I will n ow e n de avour to ill ustrate this

. .

I t is b ut n atur al th at th e r e sho uld be som e thi n g i n gy psy fort un e

t e lli n g I f t he r e ader we r e to t e ll t e n fo r t un e s a day fo r twe n ty ye ars
.

t wo uld be ve r y r e mar kable i n de e d i f in that time he had n ot l e ar n e d

s ome thi n gs which would se e m won de r ful to t he wor ld H e wo uld de t e ct .

at a gl an c e t he c r e d ul o us timi d
,
bold doubt ful r e n e d o r vulgar n atur e
, , , ,

j ust as a l awye r l e ar n s t o de te ct charact e r by cro ss exami n atio n Man y .

e xp e r im e n ts o f l at e y e ar s h av e g on e v e r y far t o e st ablish the e xist e n c e o f

a p o we r o f divi n i n g o r r e adi n g thou ht ; how this is r e a ll d I k o w

g y o n e n

n ot ; e r h aps t he e xp e r ts i n it ar e as ig n o r an t as I am b ut it is v er y
p ,

cer t ai n th at c e r tai n mi n ds in so me ( as yet ) mar ve llo us way b e t r ay the ir

,
.
,

se cre ts to t he m aste r Th at t he re ar e r eally gypsi e s who hav e a v e r y

.

highly c ultiv at e d fac ulty o f r e adi n g t he mi n d b v t he e y e is c e r tai n ly t r ue .

Som e tim e s the y s e e m to be th e mse lv e s un c e r t ai n an d se e as thr o ugh a ,

gl ass dar kly an d will r e ve al r e m ar kabl e facts d o ubtfully I r e me mbe r

, .

a c ur io us ill ust r atio n of this O n ce I was walki n g n e ar B ath an d

.
,

m e e ti n g a ti n ke r ask e d hi m i f the r e we r e an y gypsi e s in t he vici n ity .

H e g av e me t he add r e ss o f a woman who liv e d i n a c o tt age at n o gr e at

di st an c e . I fo un d it with som e tr ou ble an d was ast o n ishe d o n e n te r i n g
,

at t he abomi n ably mise r abl e r e ckl e ss

,
s qualid appe ar an ce of e v e r ythi n g
, .

The r e was a h al f or quart e r br e d gy psy woman r agge d dirty an d dr un k

-
, , , ,

a s war m o f mise r able childr e n an d a fe w ar ticl e s o f fur n it ur e mispl aced

,

or u ps e t as i f the in m at e s had r e ally n o id e a o f how a r o om should

b e live d in . I add r esse d t he wom an civilly b ut she was t oo vulgar an d

,

deg rade d t o b e c apabl e o f se n sibl e or civil co n v e r s atio n with a supe r ior .

Su ch p e o pl e actually e xist amon g t he wor st cl ass of v agabo n ds But as .

I disgusted was about to le av e an d gav e he r a sm all gratu ity she offer e d

, , , ,
 G YP S Y WI TCH CRA FZT 1 8:

to t e l l my for t u n e which I de cli n e d wher e upon she cr ied You shall

, , ,

see that I kn ow some thi n g ; an d c e r t ain ly t old me som e thi n g which

asto n ished me o f an e ve n t which had t ake n l ac e t wo y e ar s be for e at a g r e at
, p
dist an ce . To t e st he r I coolly d e n ied it all at which she se eme d asto n ish e d ,

an d b e wilde r e d s ayi n g ,Can I have m ade a mist ake ? Yo u ar e cer t ai n ly

,

the p e rso n A ll o f this may be e xpl ai n e d by cause s which I shall se t forth

3
. .

B ut it can n ot b e t oo e ar n e stly i n sist e d o n t o p e o pl e who h abit ually dou bt ,

that b e cause a thi n g can b e expl ai n e d i n a ce r tai n way by h umbug )

th at it n e cessar ily follows th at th at is t he on ly e xpl an ation o f it Y et this .

is at t he p r e se n t day act uall y an d p ositiv e ly t he popul ar m e thod an d it ,

obt ai n s v e r y l ar ge ly i n de e d with t he sm all c r itics of t he safe school .

Mr s Milli on has di amo n ds ; she may h ave st ol e n the m a gr e at m an y

.

p e o ple hav e st l
o e n di a m o n d s th e r e fo r e she is p r ob ably a thie f T h e .

Ice l an dic sagas de sc r ib e j our n ie s t o Am e r ic a ; b ut t he wr it e r s o f t he

,

sagas we r e ofte n m ythical e xagge r ativ e an d i n accur ate the r e for e a ll th e y ,

n ar r at e as r e ar ds A m e ric a m us t b e o f c o ur s e n t r ue
g u , , .

J ck S t ip
a r e

E ts t i p
a r e,

I t is th f c dibl
e r e or e re e

T h t t ip is dibl ;
a r e e e

A d it f ll ws p f c
n o o e r or e,

A s m tt
a f c u s
a er o o r e,

T h t t h d vil will g ip
a e e r e

All wh d o t t t ip o no ea r e .

B utI do n ot i n sist that the r e is an ythi n g mirac ul ous i n gypsy

fortun e t e lli n g
- It may be me r e ly the r e sult of great pr actical e xpe r ie n ce
.

an d o f a d e v e loped i n t uition it may b e mi n d o r thought re adi n g

,
-

wh at e v e r th at r e ally is or it may r es ult fr om followi n g c e rt ai n r e gul ar

r ules . This l att e r m e thod will be p r on oun c e d pur e humbug b ut o f th at ,

I will Speak an o n The se r u les foll o we d by an ybody e v e n the fe e bl e st

. ,

dil e ttan te who has o nly r ead DESB A R O L L ES for dr awi n g room e n t e r -
1 82 G YFS Y SOR CER Y .

me n t
t ai n , will oft e n a ston ish the dupe . The y ar e ,

in fe w, as

follows

1 . It m st c s s wi t h middl g d m t d cl e th t th y h v h d
is s a e f in o a e e-a e en o e ar a e a e a

a l w a -
s u it g e t disp u t a t p p t y w hich h giv th m g t d l f
,
or a r a e s o ro er ,
as en e a rea ea o

t u bl T his m u st b imp ssiv ly u tt d Emph sis d si ki g t h v ic

ro e . e re f g
e t ere . a an n n e o e ar e o rea

a ssist c i f t u t lli g I f t h s u bj ct b e t y t h l st m ti
an e n or n e- e n . dmit it e e ra e ea e o on , or a ,

p mptly imp v t h cc si
ro xp ss ymp thy d w k it u p
ro e e

o a on , e re s a , an or .

De cl
2 . th t g t f t u ar e s m thi g g tly t t h dv t g f t h s u bj ct
a a rea or n e , or o e n rea o e a an a e o e e ,

or s m thi g which will g ti fy him will s

o e n c m i his w y b u t th t h m u st b
ra , oon o e n a ,
a e e

k e t w tch his pp t u ity d b b ld d

e n o a o g tic or n an e o an ener e .

3 H wil l h v th
. e g t ch c s a f t u s i his li f
e ree If y u h
rea th t h h an e ,
or or ne ,
n e . o n oro a e as

i h it d
n er md
e orf tu h d a g d pp i tm t y u m y y th t h h
e a or n e, or a a oo a o n en , o a sa a e as

l dy li z d
a rea rea f th m T his s l d m f ils
e on e o e . e o a .

4 A l. dy f g e t w lth d b u ty wh is f si g u l ly symp th tic disp siti

a o r a ea an ea , o o n ar a e o on ,

i i l v e w ith him
s n o dy t be d it w ill d p d , or hi ms l f t s c u e his h ppi
rea o , an e en on e o e r a

ne s O h w ill s
s. r m t s u ch p s wh h sh ll l st xp c it
e oo n ee a e r on en e a ea e e t .

5 Y . u h d

t o tim e g t t u bl e with y u
a a on e l ti s ( f i ds ) T h y rea ro o r re a on or r en . e

t t d y u v y u ki dly O
rea e o er Th y w np p d t d n .

b u t y u s l u t c d u ct
r, e ere re ar e o o so, o r re o e on

d u t d th m
a n e e .

6 Y u h v b
.

o th e ti m s i g t d g
a e e en f d th P re u c this v y e n r ea an er o ea . r on o n e er

imp ssiv ly Ev yb dy th u gh it b
re e . sch lb y b li v s
er o ,
l i k s t b li v th t h
o e a oo o e e e ,
or e o e e e, a e

h as e c u t n d p ils This is i f llibl

o n e re er t l st it t k s i m t p pl I f t h
. n a e, or a ea a e n os eo e . e

s u bj ct e b i duc d t
c an l t his h i b dth sc p s y u m y f t ll fu t u p ils
e n e o re a e a r re a e a e ,
o a or e e re er .

7 Y u h v
h d o my w h h
a e c u s d au g tan t u b l en eBu t h h e e or s e
.
y o as a e o rea ro .

i t is w ll t e
t sp ci fy
no w hich till y u o d u t et h w i ll l g g t f d o n o e se x ere on o oo ar , an

his h or ff t t er i j u y u will c il
e or o him h n re O b i y I t is w itt
o re o on or er . r, r e ,

r en

th t s m
a o by t y i g t w g y u w ill i c u t ibl
e on e , r n t ib u ti
o O r onY u h v o , n r er r e re r on .

r,

o a e

h d a mi s b u t th y
en e e ll d sti
, d t c m t gi f Oe ar e Y u h d
a my b u t
e ne o o e o r e .

r,

o a an en e

y u o u tliv o d him e .

8 Y u g t y u s lf
. o c i t g t t u bl by d i g g d t
o o r e on e n o re a ro e o n a oo ac .

9 Y u. p
ssi s h v
o th ric g yt au i t g
on t t u b l a e O c y u i c r sid te o o n o rea ro e . n e o r n on era e

an g ( p u s u it f pl s u ) i v lv d y u i g t s u ff i g whic h i t h
er or r o ea re d wn to e o n rea er n ,
n e en ,
as o

y u dv t g
o r a Oan a e ls T his will c m t p ss ; th
.

r e f e,b
y u gu d o e o a e r e or e e on o r ar .

10 Y u wil l s.

m t with p s wh will h
o oo n g t i u c
ee y u a e r on o ave a rea n en e on o r

fu t u li f i f y u c u ltiv t his f i dsh ip Y u w il l

re e o l g m t sm
a e wh w ill
r en . o e re on ee o e on e o

f ll i
a l v with y u i f c u g e d
n o e o , en o ra .

1 1 Y u will d s m thi g v y v l u bl i f y u k p y u
.

o n o y s Op
e d w tch
n er a a e o ee o r e e en an a

l s ly Y u h
c o e . twic e p ss d v
o t su
av e d miss d it b u t y u w ill h v
a e thi d
o er a re a re an e ,
o a e a r

o pp t u ity
or n .

1 Y u h v d e
2.

g e at de l f g d
o a e m d t h f tu
on a p sp ity f
r a o oo , or a e e or ne or ro er o

p e s s wh h av b e ve y u g t e fu l
r on o e e n r n ra .
1 84 G YP S Y SOP GEP Y

No w it may be admitt e d that t o for m such r ule s ( an d ther e ar e man y

mor e far m or e i n ge n iou s an d ge n e r ally applicabl e ) an d to put the m i n to
r actic e with t act ad apti n g th e m to i n tu itio n s o f charact e r n o t o n ly as s e e n
p , ,

i n t he fac e b ut a s hear d i n t he voice o r b e tr ayed by g e stu r e s an d dr e ss an d

m an n e r m ust i n t he e n d de ve l o p a power A n d fur the r still this powe r

, .
, ,

by fr e que n t p r actice e n abl e s its p osse ssor t o perfor m fe ats which ar e r e ally
mar ve llous an d p e r h aps i n e xplicabl e as y e t to me n of sci e n ce I hav e I
, ,
.
,

t hi n k i n dic at e d t he r o ad by which the y t r av e l t o pr od uc e this r e sult b ut

, ,

to wh at t he y ar r iv e d I do n o t k n ow .

Nor do the y all ge t th e r e W hat gen i us is physiolo gy with all t he

.
, ,

v ast ood o f light spre ad by FRA NCI S GAL T O N o n h e r e dit ary gi ft s c an n ot ,

as
y e t expl ai n . It is a n absol ut e thi n g o f its e l f an d a
, mi r acl e S o me .

t imes this wo n d e r ful powe r o f pr e dictio n an d o f r e adi n g th o ught an d u ickly

q
n di n g an d applyi n g r ul e s falls i n t o t he h an ds o f a ge n i us Th e n all our .

e xpl an ati o n s o f humb ug an d t r icke r y an d j uggli n g fall to t he gr oun d ,

be c ause he or she wo rks wh at ar e abs ol ut e ly as much mir ac le s as i f t he

ar tist had r aise d t he de ad . S uch ge n i use s ar e t he pr ophe ts o f o ld so m e time s
t h e y ar e p o e ts. The r e ar e as m an y cl e ar ly de n e d an d admi r abl e p r e dictio n s
as to e ve n ts i n ar t an d politics i n t he works o f H E 1 N E which we r e fulll e d , ,

as can b e fo un d an wh e r e
y .

B y t he c o n st an t application o f su ch r ule s pr o mptly an d aptly or b oldly

, , ,

the fo r tu n e t e ll e r ac qu i r e s a ve r y sin gul ar quickn e ss of pe r c e ption Th e r e

-
.

a r e v e r y fe w p e r s o n s livi n g who r e ally k n o w wh at this m e a n s an d to wh at

app ar e n t l y m ar v e ll o u s r e s ults co n st an t p r actic e i n it ma l e ad B e gi n n i n g

y .

with v e r y simpl e an d me r e ly m e ch an ic al e x e r cise s Pr actical E duc ation ,

p 1 5 1 Lon don : W hittake r

. . p e r ce pti on may be gr adu ally de ve
lope d u n til n o t o n ly t he e y e an d e ar obse rv e a tho usan d thi n gs which e sc ape
o r di n ary obse r v ati o n an d also man y im age s at o n ce but n ally t he mi n d
,

,

n o t e s i n n um e r abl e t r aits o f ch ar acte r which would h av e o n c e e sc ap e d it ,

combi n e s the s e an d i n a s e c on d d r aws con cl usio n s which wo uld amuse

,

thos e w h o ar e a
ign or n t s i n de e d all me n ar e as y e t o f t he e xtraor din ary
a
facultie s l at e n t i n e v e r y man .
 G YFS Y W] TCH CR A FT . 185

I b e g t he d to sp e ci al atte n tio n t o this fact

a Th r e is n othi n g
r e a erpy e .

i n all t he an n als o f p r oph e cy divi n at i o n for t un e te lli n g or p r e dictio n which

, ,
-
, ,

is n early so wo n de r ful as wh at we may all do i f we wo uld by p r actice an d

e x er cis e br i n g o ut o f our se lv e s o ur own i n n at e powe r o f p e r ce ptio n This .

is n ot an asse r ti o n base d o n m e t aphysical the o r y ; it is fo un de d on fact ,

a n d is i n str ict accor dan c e with t he so un dest c on cl usi o n s o f mod e r n phy

s i o lo B y me an s o f it joi n e d t o e xe r cise s i n m e mor i z i n g all th at th e r e

gy .
, ,

is i n a child o f or di n ar y i n t e ll e ct may be un er r i n gly dr awn out an d whe n in

d ue tim e k n owl e dge or i n for m atio n is gr adually adduced the r e is p e r h aps n o ,

limit to wh at th at i n t e ll e ct may be com e The st udy t her e for e of quick n e ss

.
, ,

o f p e r ce ptio n , as se t fo rth o r e xe r cised i n gypsy fo rt un e t e lli n g is i n de e d

-
,

cur ious ; but t o t he far r e achi n g o bse r v e r who is i n te r e ste d i n e ducatio n it

-

i s i n n ite ly mor e u se ful for it fur n ish e s p r oo f o f t he ability l ate n t i n e ve r y

,

mi n d t o pe r fo r m wh at appear to be mor e than feats o f i n tellige n ce o r mi r acles ,

y e t w h ich o ft e n ar e all m e r e t r i e s comp a r e d to w h at ma n co u ld e f

f e ct i f h e

we r e pr op e r ly t r ai n e d t o it .

Sor ce r y ! W e ar e all sor c e r e r s an d liv e i n a won de r l an d o f m ar ve l

,

an d b e auty i f we did bu t kn ow it For the se e d sp r o uti n g fr o m t he

.

r ou n d is as st r an ge a tr uth as though we saw t he hosts o f h e av e n s we e i n g

g p
o n war d i n glo r y or co uld commun e with fair i e s or r aise fr om his gr ave
, ,

t he m aste r m agici an o f so n g who l aid a cu r se on all who sho uld dig his

d ust . B ut like childr e n who go t o sl e e p i n t he gr an d op e r a an d ar e wi ld ,

with d e light at P un ch we t ur n aside fr om the e n dl e ss mi r acle of n at ure

,

t o b e ch ar med an d b e wild e r e d with t he p e tty th au m atu rgy o f guit ar s i n t he

dar k cigar e tte s an d r ope tyi n g be cause it corre spon ds t o an d is miracl e

, ,
-
,

e n o ugh fo r us .A n d pe r haps it is as we ll ; for much tho ught o n t he

I n n it e s m ad e JE A N PA U L RI C H T ER an d T H O M A S CAR L Y L E h al f mad an d
a lmost un t for comm o n li fe Seek tr ut h in S ci e n ce an d we sh all be well
.

b alan ced i n the littl e as we ll as t he gr e at .

 C HA PTE R XII .

-
FO R T U N E T EL L I N G ( con ti n ued) R 0 MA NC E B A S E D O N C H ANC E , 0 R H O P E
.
,

A S
R E G AR D S T H E F U T UR E FO L K A ND S O R C ER Y L O R E A U T H E NTI C -

I N S T A NC E S OF G YP S Y P RE D IC T IO N .

T would se e m t o all who n ow liv e th at li fe wo uld

be r e ally i n tol e r ably dr
y we re it u tt e r ly d e p r iv e d

o f myst e r y m ar v e l
, o r r o m an c e
,
This l atte r .

is t he se n tim e n t o f hop e ful e ha n ee alli e d t o

t he be auti ful Youth is willi n g or e age r t o
.

r un g r e at r isks i f t he r oad t o or th r ough

t h e m p ass e s by d ar k r avi n e s u n de r c astl e d ,

r ocks
d wy g ss

o er e ra

A d w t s wild
n d t
a er an ee

-
an d ve r has b e e n fr o m t he be gi n n i n g
e .

Now it is a m atte r of se r i o us imp or t an ce

,

t o k n o w whe th e r this r om an c e is so d e e ply

i n h e r e n t in man that it can n e ve r be r e mov e d .

Fo r r ightly vi e we d it mean s c ur r e n t r e ligion

, , ,

poe t r y an d almo st all ar t as ar t at l e ast
,

was o n ce un de r stood an d it would se e m as
had c o me comi n g t o a tim e whe n scie n ce thr eate n s t o de pr ive
,
1 88 G YP S Y SOR CE R Y .

Bu t , gr e at as it may be those who wil l m ake it m ust de r ive the i r

summ ar y o f facts or b ase s o f obse r v ation from t he p ast an d th e r e fore ,

I u r ge t he imp ort an c e o f e v e r y man who can write doi n g wh at he can t o

colle ct a ll t hat ill ust r ate s Hum an ity as it is an d as it was i n b y go n e ages -
.

It hath n ot e n t e r e d i n to the h e ar t o f man t o co n c e iv e what a Folk lor e -

o r e th n o logic al s o ci e ty in an ci e n t G r eec e Ro m e or E gypt might n o t h ave

, ,

coll e ct e d an d p r e se r ve d for t he d e light of e ver y civili z e d h um an b e i n g

o f the p r e se n t da It is v e r y t r ue th at t he n u mbe r o f p e r s o n s as et
y
'

.
y , ,

who u n d e r st an d this still l e ss o f th se o who t k a r e l i n t e r e st in it

a e a is
e xt r e m e ly limit e d an d th e y do n o t e xt e n d
,
i n E n gl an d A me r ic a or an y , ,

o th e r c o un t r y to mor e th an a fe w h un dr e ds
,
To t he v ast m ultitude e v e n ,

o f le ar n e d me n Folk l o r e is on ly a c raze for sm al l lit e r ar y br i e a br a e a

,
- - -
,

fan cy whi ch will h ave its r un an d n othi n g mo r e , To its e ar n e st de v o te e s

.

it is the l ast gr e at deve l opm e n t of the ar t of l e ar n i n g an d wr iti n g hist ory ,

an d a tim e ly pr o visio n fo r i t u r e s o ci al sci e n ce It se ts for th t he m ost.

i n tim ate i n n e r li fe o f p e ople as th e y we re an d t he o r igi n s of our li fe as it is

, .

I n F o lk lor e Phil o logy E th n ol o gy an d t he st udy o f Mytholo gy or R e ligi on
, , ,

n d the i r gr e at e st ai d .

The am o un t o f Re d I n di an Folk l o r e which has b e e n suffe r e d to pe r ish

-

i n t he U n ite d S tat e s without e xciti n g t he l e ast i n te r e st is b e yo n d all b e li e f .

T O R EA U cou ld n d i n t he Algo n ki n le ge n ds o f Ne w E n gl an d n othi n g

bu t m att e r for fe e ble mi n de d r idic ul e -
B ut the r e ar e me n comi n g o r
.
,

a ge n e r ati o n risi n g t o whom e ve r y r e co r d of the p ast will b e o f v al u e fo r

, ,

t he y ar e be gi n n i n g t o p e r c e i ve that whil e t he c o lle ctor is doi n g wo r k o f

v al ue the m e r e t heor i st who ge n e r ally u n de r v al ue s i f he doe s n ot act ually

,

oppose t he c o lle ctor will with his r ubbi sh be swe pt away d own t he
,

b ack e n tr y of tim e t o be utte r ly for gotte n

-
,

.

Gypsy sor c e r y lor e is o f g r e at v al ue be c ause all o ve r t he A r yan wor ld

-

gypsi e s h av e in an ci e n t o r mode r n tim e s be e n so to Spe ak the wan de r i n g , ,

ri e sts o f th at fo r m o f pop ul ar r e ligio n which c o n sists o f a faith i n fo r t u n e

p
t e lli n g This i s re ally a very impor t an t part in e ve r y c ult ; t he most
.

r e m ark able thi n g co n n ect e d with it ; as with ch ar ms fe tish e s i n can tatio n s, ,

 FOR T UNE TE LLI -
NG . 1 89

an d prot e ctive spe lls be i n g t he e xtrao r di n ar y success with which the mor e
,

r e specta bl e magi hav e succe ede d i n c o n vi n ci n g the i r followe rs t hat the ir

o wn sor c e r y was n ot magic at all an d th at the wor ld old heathe n ,
-

rit e s which ar e substan ti ally t he same ar e me r e mode rn thi e ve ries fr om

, ,

t he e st ablish e d r e ligion Pr e diction an d pr ophecy we r e t he cor n e r .

ston e s o f t he cl assic mythol ogy an d o f t he J e wish law ; the y we r e e qually

de ar t o t he Ce ltic r aces an d all me n see m fr om t he e arlie st ti me s to h ave ,

b e li e ve d th at comi n g e ve n ts cast the ir sh adows be for e H ow this b e gan .

an d g r e w r e q u i r e s n o de e p st u dy M an y d is or de r s ar e p r e face d by un e asy .

dr e ams or un accoun t abl e m e l an choly ev e n as t he gr e at e st dis aster which ,

be fe l the gods o f V alh al la was p r e c e de d by t he t r o u ble d dr e ams o f

B alde r S om e time s t he r st s ymptom o f gout is a p r e vious i r rit ability
. .

But i f dise ase s ar e b e li e ve d t o b e c ause d by t he lit e r al occup atio n o f t he

body by evil spir its th e se p r es ages will b e ascr ibe d t o occult spir itual
i c s
n u e n e . a
A man i n e xc e ll e n t he alth fe e ls g y he g o e s hu n ti n g an d
has l uck o f co ur se his g uar di an spi r it is b e li e ve d to h av e i n spi r e d hi m
to
g o Th en
. com e s t he p r ie st o r the gypsy to pr e dict an d t he h its ,

ar e r e cor d e d an d t he miss e s ar e p r omptly for gott e n .

The fo llo wi n g i n s t an ce has be e n re l at e d to me i n good faith by a

le ar n e d fr ie n d whose books ar e well kn own t o all Folk lor ist s
,
-

qu t f m my w xp i c
I c an o e st g v t f u d d
ro o p dicti
n e er e n e a r an e e en o n e on a re on

m d t m by gypsy i 8 6 3 T his w b f I h d l
a e o e a n d t h l gu g f t h
1 . as e or e a e ar n e e an a e o e

R m y
o an h d b gu t
or t k ya i t s t ie th m
n A t t
o h tim a f e w hichan I sp k n ere n e . e e o ea ,

I mt e d y h on e i T a tw ere,
g
ypsy w nm b i g u s u l b bi s
on e th i
or o o en e ar n as a a e on e r

sh u ld s wh t h ld st I w p ssi g by p i t d m t t th byst d s s yi g
o er , en e o e as as a n o n e e ou o e an er , a n

i G m D H b t w l K umm T h t g tl m d m u c
l b ( h h h


n er an ,
g t
-
er er r a e er e a a en e an as a

t u bl s w)
ro e or or r o .

T his w

tu u gh I was u r i g g
e tly t t h tim f m p vi u s
en o , as as s
'

er n rea a e e ro a re o

b v m t th u gh I w
erea e en , l g i m u i g
o w asth not th i st t y on er n o rn n ,
n or as ere a e n an an

i dic ti
n a f gl m i on my l ks f I w i
o oo ch fu l h um u S I st pp d t
n oo , ork as n a eer o r. o o e o as

h er why h h d m d h s m k Sh pli d 7 g b Si mi di li h H d u a
e a a e er re ar . e re e , a, e en e r e n e an n

l g
e Si d i Silb m
en e i d uf ; w
re Si w it
er h
'

t nz e w ll ar aY giv m y u enn e e e r es or e n o en

e s, e e o r

h d
an d p u t th
, an silv c i s it i f y u w u ld h
ree er I did
o n wh on ,
o o e ar so, en

h
s e p t d h ss r ti o
re ea e t my s er aw d dd d
e Ab n i
as G af ot ht i Ib or r o ,
an a e ,

er e ne r nn s e r n en

(

B ut t h is c u t ss
ere w iti g a o n e a a n
1 9 0 G YP S Y SOP GEP Y
. .

I l au gh e d at myse l f for liste n i n g t o this an d for t he str an g e fe e li n g o f i n te r e st o ,

r

faith which I fe lt i n it an d which my c mm o n se n s e told me was r idic ul ou s

, A nd o .

t t h p e di cti o n st an g e ly e n o u gh w fu lll d th u gh i h s n se i w hich I

y e e r , r e o n t t e ,e n as ,
o n

s u pp os e m ost p e pl wo ul d h av e tak e n it S o n fte r I l ost an th e r e l ative an d wa

o e . o a o r , s

o ve r wh e lm e d with th t an d o t h e r t r u bl e s wh e n P r ovid e n c e se t me a f i e n d i n that

a o n r

mo st ami bl e an d r m ar k abl e wom

a e t h e C u n t e ss B who with th t n o bl e an d
an o ,
a

g r a ci o u s a abi li t
'

y w hich disti n g u ish e s h e r w e ll a s h e r h u sb an d S i r e li e,

v e d my as ,
r

mi n d an d ch e e r e d my d e p r e ss e d spi r its .

I add t o this a m r ve llo u s stor y of gypsy p r e dicti on which was u tte r e d h e r e i n
a a

T an d p u blish e d l st y e ar i n a sm ll bi o g r aphy a b u t which is wo th c on side ati n a r r o

,

b e c au se I h ave h e d it app ar e n tly we ll u the n tic t e d by t u stw thy p e opl e A

ar a a r or .

v y g t disg c
e r r e a r t ur t o wn
a e I m h ppy t say he was t he
o o a
ly n e was M a o on o a r .

M o f v e r y g ood f mily T his ma k e pt a mist r e ss n am e d R M

a . n wh o b e c am e .

a c qu ai n t e d with y o u g man who w mpl oy e d a cl e r k at t he C dit A t alt an d who

a n as e s a re ns ,

a l ways at n ight c ar r i e d on his p e r s n its k e ys This M l e e d n d for m e d t he

o . ar n ,
a

fo ll wi n g pl t : T h e victim was t o b e e n tic e d by t h e wom n t h e

o o oo m wh e r e she a o r r ,

p r o p os e d t c u t o his th r o t t a k e t h k ys a n d a w , ith t h e ai d f M e t r be t h e ,
b n k o o o a

an d e sc ap e I t s u cc e e de d so far as th t t h e yo u n g man was br u ght t o h e r r oo m b u t

. a o ,

wh e n she b e g n t o a tt e mpt t o kill him h st u ggl e d an d was v e p w i n g h e wh e n

a e r ,
o r o er r

M e n t r e d th e m an d sh t him d d
e r oo o ea .

Th e p e ci u s p i we e s u bs e qu e tly
r o a r e st e d an d t r i e d
r nd i th r e p or t o f t h e
n ar r ,
a n e

p r oc e e di n gs th e e app e ar s t he foll owi g c u r i ou s stat e m e n t

r n

I t is

si n g u l thi n g ( a piu ing l e ) th at t o this w m ( M
a ar t os s s mist r e ss o ar o an ,

Miss R a gypsy w m n who p t d e d t p almis t y p e dict d that she w u ld

o a re en o r r e o

c ome t o b d e d ( h e s n i r e bb e
a a n ti

s a Which h e ff ct u ally did b e i n g c on
assa s e e ,

d e mn e d t fo u r t e n y e ar s h ar d l abo u
o e d w u ld h av e b e e n h u g h ad o t h e r

r , an

i n te r e sti g o n n n

s t at e

i n cli n e d t h e j u dg e t o m e r cy .

T h e e is t h e f ll wi n g addi ti n i n t he p mphl e t t o wh t h b n qu o t e d : B e i n g
r o o o a a as ee

b e gge d by t he said Mar i a R t l k m r e cl s e ly i n t o t h h a d t h e Z i n g r a o oo o o e n ,

a

r e fu s e d t d so an d w e n t away m u tt e i g st n g e o for e ig n wo ds b ot t an d st r an e

o o , ( B r n
r ra r r . a a

ar ole
p ) .

To this my in for man t adds

I k n ow of mo r e ch e e r fu l c s e f gy psy p r e dicti n a d f qu ite o th e r ki n d an d

a a o o ,
n o an ,

which h pp e n e d t o f i e n d s fr i e n d f mi n e als he r e i T Th e s ubj e c t

a a r o o n
,

was a y u g l dy wh o was i n t e n d e d
o n a b e tr o th e d t o n I t li
, ct o who h ad gon e
or ,
a a an a r,

t o pl ay a t Madr id ; b u t for t wo m n ths he h e a d n othi g f m him an d b e li e vin g o s r n ro , ,

t h at h e had n e gl e ct e d he r was i n d sp i r ,
e a .

On
m o n i n g he was passi g th u gh on e o f t he m i st e ts n d was t al ki g
e r s n ro a n r e , a n

with my f i e n d wh e a dar k gypsy gi l g i n g by whisp e r e d t o h e i a h u r r i e d m a n e

r ,
n r o ,
r n n r

Doman i ur i un le t t er e s r i li e ( To m or r ow y ou will
a a a a c ive l e tte r an d b e
a a e

-
re e a
 G YFS Y S R CER K O

The ge n tl e man who told me this story also said th at t he death of

f r
h i s fath e r had b e e n o e told by a gypsy that is by a l ady who was o f ,

h al f gypsy bl ood
-
.

It sho uld be b or n e in mi n d though fe w re alize its truth that in , ,

stage s o f soci e ty whe r e pe o pl e beli ev e e ar n e stly i n an ythi n g for exampl e ,

i n witchcraft or the e vil e y e ther e r esults i n time a st at e o f mi n d or

body i n which the y ar e act ually c ap able of be i n g kille d with a c ur se or ,

a fe ar o f s e e i n g wh at is n ot b e for e them i n the body an d o f m an y n e r v o us ,

c o n ditio n s which ar e absol ut e ly impossibl e an d i n comp r ehe n sible t o the

wor ld of c ult ur e at t he pr ese n t day But th e r e ar e still pl ac e s whe r e .

witchcraft may be said t o e xist lite r ally for the r e t he p r o fe s sor s o f t he ,

ar t t o all i n t e n ts wo r k mi r acl e s be ca use the y ar e b e li e ve d in Ther e is , .

ab un d an ce o f s uch faith e xt an t e ve n i n E n gl an d I have h e ar d t he n am e s , .

o f thr e e white witch do ctor s i n as m an y town s i n the W e st o f E n gl an d

,

who ar e p aid a g ui n e a a visit the i r spe ci alty be i n g to un lock o r n e utr ali z e

, , ,

o r d e fe at t he e vil e ffor t s o f bl ack witch e s This as is i n de e d t r ue i n dicate s .

, ,

th at a r ather high cl ass o f p ati e n ts put faith in th e m I n H un g ar y in

.
.
,

the co un tr y the m aj or ity e v e n o f t he be tt e r cl ass ar e v e r y much i n ue n ce d

, , ,

by gypsy witch e s W it n e ss t he followi n g which is i n te r e sti n g simply

-
.
,

be c ause whil e the r e is v e r y lit t le i n de e d in it it was r e l at e d t o me as

, ,

a most co n cl usiv e p r o o f o f m agic po we r

s u b u b f Sz g di i h bit d ly by p s ts th is sch l with f m

In a r o e e n ,
n a e on e a an , ere a oo a ar

a tt ch d t it Th p y f t h t ch is t ii g b u t h
a e o . e am k oc m f t bl e ea er r n , e c an a e a o or a e

livi g f m t h l d T his w h ld by
n ro e ld m
an wh h d
. y u g ssist t Th as e an o an , o a a o n a an . e

o ld m di d ; t h y u th s u cc d d him
an e d h f un d hims l f d i g w ll i
e o du ee e , an as e o e o n e , n e

tim h t k wi f T h y liv d h ppily t g th f

e e oo a y
e. d h d e d u ght e a o e er or a e ar an a a a e r.

I n th sp i g t h t ch h d t w k y h d t ly i sch l b u t
e r n e ea er his f m d
a o or ve r ar , no on n oo on ar , an

so f th or st tim c t ct d t h h bit f g i g t t h t v
e r e t f sh hims l f
on r a e d e a o o n o e a ern o re re e , an

wh t w a w st f c
as c li g it f m his w i f u d pl u sibl t l s t which h
or , o on ea n ro e n er a e a e , o s e

g v a e t u st Sh b g t b v y u h ppy
no r . d et u lly e u gh s u sp c t d
an o e er n a ,
an , na ra eno , e e a

r iv l a
'

Of c u s h t k dvic f m gypsy w m w h e d ll t h st y n d
o r e s e oo a e ro a o an , ho ar a e or a

c s u lt d h c ds T h
on e eris h s id ar w m . wh t v
i therew y Th e ,

s e a ,

no o an a e er n e a . er

is sig f
no fn g d o vil n l t hi n mi
on e i
or th c ds B ut b w ! f
oo or e ,
a a c a sce , n e ar . e ar e or
 FOR TUNE TELLI NG -
. 1 93

th e re is g
a rea t u xp ct d misf
an d ne e e or t u n c mi g d m
e o th this I c n t
n , an or e an an o se e .

So sh e t k oo her py a d d
anp t d e ar e . S u dd ly h child f ll ill d di d ft
en er igh t e an e a er e

d ysa . Th e n th h u sb d f r m d
e an re o e his w ys dall w t w ll w it h th m
, an a S en e e . o,

y ou se e , t he gypsy f t ld it ll w
or e o a , on d fu lly d cc u t ly
er an a ra e .

It re qui r es n o sor cer y to co njecture that t he gypsy alr eady kn e w t he

habits of t he schoolmaste r as t he Roman y is ge n e rally famili ar with t he
,

t avern o f eve r y town To p r edict a misfortun e at lar ge is a sure car d

.

for ever y proph e tess W hat is remar kabl e is th at a man of the world an d
.

o n e wi dely trav e ll e d as was my i n fo r m an t att ached gr eat

, importan ce t o ,

t he story It is e vide n t that wh e r e so m uch of the she r r is sac k o f faith

.

accomp an ies s uch a sm all crust of mi r acl e ther e m ust be a st at e o f society

i n which miracles i n thei r real se n se ar e pe r fe c t ly c apable o f bei n g

wo r ked .
 C H A PT E R X III .

P R OV ER B S R B P BR R I NG TO WI T C H E S , G Y P SI E S , A ND PA I R I B S
.
1 9 6 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

man y l an ds . For the divi n in g rod whic h is accor di n g t o , L a Gr an de '

,

Bacch e tta D i v i n at or i a O Ve r ga rivel atrice of the Abb at e Valrn o n t the ,

gre at i n strume n t for all magic an d marvels m ust b e m ade of un r amo ,

f or cut o d i n oc ci uolo a fo r k e d bran ch o f h az e l n u t wh e n ce a p r o v e rb -

,

Vr a ca r i ce copr nj i ce
, , huho eshov a So r ce r ess witch h az el s t ick , ,
-
.

This is a re proach o r t au n t to a wom an who pays gre at atten tion to

magic an d witchcraft . This r e ve als a very an ci e n t be li e f o f the witch

as a wo od spi r it o r fairy who dwe lls i n t he
-
n u t itse l f Mor e ge ne r ally .

it is t he b ush which i n old Ge r man b all ads is o fte n addr esse d as Lady
, ,

H az e l I n this as i n Lady Nighti n gal e we h av e a r elic o f addre ssi n g

.
, ,

cer tai n an im als or pl an ts as if the y we r e i n t e llige n ce s o r spirits I n on e .

v e ry old son g i n Des Kn abe n W un de r hor n a gi r l an gr y at the haz el ,

, ,

who has r e pr oach e d he r for h avi n g lov e d t o o lightly or b e e n t o o frail ,

s ays th at he r br othe r will come an d cut the bush down To which Lady .

H az e l r e pli e s
A lth o u gh he c m e s n d c uts me d o a o wn ,

I ll gr ow n e xt sp i g tis pl i

r n ,

a n,

Bu t if vi r gi n w th sh ou ld fade
a rea ,

Tw ill n e v e bl m g ai n

r oo a .

To ke e p childr en fr om picki n g un r ipe h aze l n uts in the Can ton of -

Sai n t Gall they cry to the m S Haseln ussfr auli chumt

,

The hazel n ut -

l ady is comi n g !
H e n c e a ros ary of h azel n uts or a h aze ! rod bri n gs -

l uck an d the y may be safe ly h un g up i n a ho use The hazel n ut n e ckl aces

, .
-

foun d in p r ehistoric tombs we r e p r obably amu l e t s as well as orn ame n ts .

A mo n g popu l ar sayi n gs we may i n cl ude the followi n g from t he

Gor shi Vy en a c

A e to si udr t j o vladi ko,

U n e kakve s mue n e vj e t r ove ,

Ko 11 mar u to udr e v e t i c e
j .

Bu t b h ld O Vl di k
e o , a a,

Th u h st th w thys l f i t
o a v y st m
ro n e n o e er or ,

A s witch s th w ch g th ms lv s t c ttl
e ro or an e e e e o a e .
P P o VEP P S P EPEP P JNG TO WI TCH ES, G YP SI ES, A ND FA I R I ES. 1 97

A n these we may in clude the cur se

d with I zj ele t e v iesti ce ,

May the witches e at y ou ! which has its exact p arallel in Roman y

.

A l so t he Scottish sayi n g W it che s warlocks an d gypsi e s soon ke n se

, , ,

t he ither

W itch s de an war l o cks with o ut an y b th o er,

Lik gypsi s m ti g ll k th e
e e on ee n we n ow o n e an o r .

I may app r opri ate ly add t o the se certai n prov e rbs which ar e give n in

an ext r eme ly r are D e n h am Tr act of which o n ly fty copies were ,

pri n te d by J O H N B E LL R I C H MO N D
i n Com Ebor This quai n t little
, . . .

wor k of o n ly six pag e s is e n titled A Fe w Popul ar Rhymes Proverbs

, , ,

an d S ayi n gs r e l ati n g to Fai r ies W itche s an d Gypsi e s an d bear s the

, , ,

dedic ati o n To eve r y i n dividual Fairy W itch an d G ypsy fr om t he day

, , ,

o f the W itch o f E n dor d own to that of B illy Dawso n t he Wise Man ,

o f S tokesley l ately defun ct this tr act is i n scribed

, , .

W 1 r e H Es '
.

Ve rvi a n an d Dill
Hi n d er w itch s e fr o m t he i r w ill .

The followi n g refer s to rowan or moun t ain -

ash wood , whi ch is
supposed to be a char m agai n st witchcraft

I f yo u r wh ipst i c k s md
a e o f r owan

Yo u c an r id y ur g th
e o na ro

an y t own .

Mu ch ab u t pitch
o a ,

03 0 t h th d vil t t he
e e o witc h .

A hai r y man s a g e ar y man

,

Bu t a hai r y wi fe s a wi tch
.

Woe to th e lad
Wit h u t o a r o wan - r e e t god .

A witch w i fe -
an d an ev il
I s t hr e e half - p nce e wor se th an t he de vi l .
1 98 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

He y how for Ha
-
ll w e n l o -
e

W tc he s ar t o b
h e n all t h e wi e e se e n ,

S m i bl ck n d s m e i n g e
o e n a a o r en,

He y how f -
H ll w e n l or a o -
e

Th ut l tou t !
o t ut t out l a o ,

Th r u gh u t n d bo u t
o o a a .

C u mm er goe y e bef r o e, c u mm e r g oe y ,
e

G if y e w ill n ot g oe be for e c umm , er le t me l

These li n es ar e said to have bee n sun g by witches at No rth B er wick

in Lothi an accomp an ied by the m usic of a Jew s h arp or trump wh ich

, ,

was playe d by Ge i lle s D un can a se rv an t girl before t wo hun dre d witches , , ,

who joi n ed han ds i n a short daun ce or ree l si n gi n g ( also ) these li n es ,

with o n e voice
Witc hy witchy I d fy t h , , e ee,

F u g s u d my thu mb o r n er ro n ,

L t m g qu i tly by th e e o e ee .

It will be se e n th at this is a phallic S ign an d as such dreaded by ,

witche s It is dif cult to un de rst an d why the se ve rses with t he sign

.

should have been giv e n by witches .

The an ti -
witch r hyme u sed in Twe e de sdale some si xty or se ve n ty
ye ars ago was
B l ck l u ggi l mm b d
a -
e, a er ea ,

R w o t d d th d
an - r e e an ree re a ,

P u t t h witch s t t h i sp d
e e o e r ee .

The m i g e an n of
bl c k l uggi e I kn o w n ot Lammer bead is
a -

.

a co r r u ptio n of Th e y ar e still wor n by a fe w old people

amb e r be ad -
.

i n Scotl an d as a pre se r v ative ag ai n st a v ariety o f di sease s e spe ci ally asthma , ,

dr o psy an d toothache They also pr eserv e t he we arer from t he effects

,
.

of witchcr aft as st at e d in t he t e xt
, I hav e see n a t wig o f r owan t ree .
-
,

witch wood q uick ban e wild ash wic ke n tree wicky wiggy witche n
-
,
-
, ,
-
, , , ,

witch b an e roy n e tr ee moun tai n ash whitty wiggi n witch haze l r ode n
-
,
-
,
-
, , ,
-
,

quicken roden q uicken royan roun or r an t re e which had bee n gather ed

,
- -
, ,
-
,
zo o G YP S Y SOR GER Y .

w r ei t h dest or dr e to wri n g wr e it h H olly ban d s Di ct i o n ar ie

or ,

1 The
common est curse of En gl ish gypsies at t he prese n t day is
B eng t asse r t ut e May t he devil st r an gle y ou lite r ally t wi st , which
is an exact t r an sl ation o f wr i n t he or r y n t .

T he gd mo e an to y chg c s a e an g oo

A nd wry t be d t he py s ck y t
e

ne n o .

MS . Can tb a .

a
p
. H .
)
may mean twist
Ry n t away i , . e .
, begon e , as th e y sa
y i n A mer ica , he

wriggled away .

Th e y t h t bu
a rn
y ou for a witc h l s
o e all th i c lse r oa .

Ne ve r talk of wi tch e s on a Fr iday .

Ye
r o ow e r a ud e ffar an d t o b e fr a id O
.
witch e s .

Witc h s e ar e m st o apt to c on fe ss on a Fr id ay .

F r iday is th e w itch e s S bb th

a a .

To hug on e as the de vil h u gs a witc h .

A bl ck
s a

A s c ss ro
as a W l t Ch
A s u gly
.

A s si fu l n

g s d th u mb witch I d fy th
Fo u r n er an a ,
e ee .

I n It aly the sign s ar e made di ffe r e n tly I n N apl e s the get t at ur a con sists .

o f t hrowi n g out t h e fore an d mi ddle n ge r s so as t o i mitate hor n s with , ,

t h e th umb an d n ge rs cl o sed Som e say t he thumb should be withi n the

.

middle an d thi r d n gers I n Flor e n ce the an ti witch gestur e is to fa r e la

.
-

c a or
,
stick t h e thu mb o u t be t we e n t he fo r e an d midd le n ge r s .

Yo u
re lik e a w itch , y o u say y u p y e s b ck w d
o r ra r a ar .

Witch w d -
oo t he m u ti
o n a n ash ) .

Yo u
re h lf
a a w itch v y cu i g
er nn n .

Bu ! bu ! b uzz ! zz zz

In the middle of the sixtee n th ce n t ur y if a perso n waved his hat or
P R O VER B S R EFER R I NG TO WI TCH ES, G YP SI ES , A ND FA I RI ES . 20 1

bon n et in t he air an d cried Buz z three t ime s un de r t he beli e f that b y ,

this act he could t ake the li fe of an othe r t he o ld law an d law maker s ,

-

con side r ed t he p e r so n so sayi n g an d acti n g to be wo rthy of de ath he bei n g ,

a m urder er i n i n t e n t an d h avi n g de ali n gs wi t h witche s

,
De n ham
Ve r y doub t ful an d p r obably foun ded o n a we ll k n o wn old story
~ , .

I
ish I w w f f m G das asmy ilsar fro f m di t ! o as na ar e ree ro r

Said t o h ave bee n a witch s p r aye r whilst she was in the act of clean i n g

he r n ails I n logical accuracy this r ecalls the b l ack b o y i n A merica who o n

.
,

be in g aske d if he kn ew t he way to a ce r tai n pl ace replied I on ly wi sh I

, ,

had as man y doll ars as I k n ow my way the re .

A w itch is afr a id of he r ow n bl d oo .

A P e n dl e for e st w itch .

A Lan c shi
a re w itch .

A w itch c an n o t g r ee t we e p ) .

To b e h og, or w itch idd -

r en .

G v r sr as .

S O man y gypsi e s , so m y smiths

an .

Th e gypsi s e ar e al l a ki n .

On e o f t he Faw g g
an ,

W s t h t h F w ga g
or e an e a n .

The F aws or Faas ar e a gypsy family whose head q uarters at -

Yetholme I have b e en amon g th e m an d kn e w the quee n of the gypsi e s

.

an d he r so n Rob e rt who we r e o f t his cl an or n ame

,
.

It is supposed the Faws ac qui r e d this appe ll ation from Joh n n i e Faw ,

lord an d e ar ! of Litt l e E gypt ; with whom Jame s the Fourth an d Queen

Mary sovereign s o f Scotl an d saw n o t on ly the pr opri e ty but also the
, , ,

n ecessit O f e n t e r i n g i n to speci al t r e aty D e n h am Tr act

y
Fran cis Her on kin g o f t he Faws bur ( Yarrow) x m Jan 1 7 56
, , . . .
,

( S H A R P S

Ch r o n .
 2 02 G YP SY SOR CER Y .

FA r R r Es .

Wh ere the scyth c u ts d t h s ck r iv s

e an e o e ,

NO m or e f i ie s
a r d b e hiv e s an e -
.

La u gh lik e a pixy fa i y)r .

W at e r s t s l ck d ! (A f v u it c y f f i i e s )
locke d ! w a
'

er o e a o r e r O a r .

B m!
or r a bor am! b r m ! ( Th cr y f t h I ish f i i e s ft m u ti g th e i st e e ds
r or a e o e r a r a er o n n r .

Eq u iv l t t t he S c ttish c y
a en

H s ! h s
o d h tt ck o r ,
or e or e an a o

To liv e in t he l dan of t he Fai r m

f ly
i a .
( A W e lsh fa i y s yi g )
r a n .

G od g r an t th t a t he fa i i s m y p u t m y i y u sh s d k p y u h u s cl e
r e a on e n o r oe an ee o r o e an .

( O f th
ne g d
o wish s f th ld tim
e e
) oo e o e o .

Fai i e s c omb g ats b e ar ds e ve r y F iday

r o

r .

H e who ds n a pi e c e f m n e y will lw ys
o o a a n d an o th er in s me pl c
t he a a e , so l ng o as he
k ps it s c t ( I
ee a e re . n r e fe r e n c e to f i y gi fts )
a r .

g i g lik St k pi t h c I ris o n on , e o e c

s an .

A pixe y or fairy sayin g used in D evon shire The family o f St oke spi t ch
, .

o r Suke s i c r esi de d n e ar Topsh am an d a b ar r el o f ale i n th e i r cell ars had for

p ,

man y year s r un fr ee ly without be i n g e xhaust e d It was con side r e d a v al uabl e .

heirloom an d was esteem e d accordin gly ti ll an i n quisitive m aidser van t took

, ,

o ut t he b u n g to ascert ai n the c ause wh it n e ver r u n dr O n looki n g i n to

y y .

t he c ask she foun d it full o f cob we bs b ut t he fai r i e s it would se em we re , , ,

offe n de d for o n t ur n i n g t he cock as us ual t he ale had ce ase d to ow

, , , .

It was a commo n reply at Topsham t o t he i n q ui r y how an y aff air we n

on It s goi n g on like St oke pit ch s can or pr oc e e di n g p r ospe rously

, .

To l u gh l i k e
a Ro bi n G oo fe d ll ow.

To l u gh lik a e o ld B gio e ;
H c ps B gi e
e a o .

( A m pli e d to He c ps B gi
a o e, an d B g i c pp d
o e a e o ld Nic k )

To pl y
a t he P u ck .
( A n I r ish s ayi n g e qu ival e n t t o t he
, En glish on e ,

5 To pl ya t he d uc
e e

or d e vil

K Et O H r L Ev s
.

Fai r y '

H e has gO t i t
n o Lo b s p un d

o or po d n .
( T h a t is i t
, n o t he fa i r i e s pi
n fold . K Et O H r L ax '
s

Fai r y
204 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

he raises his hat an d utte r s this bl essi n g in be hoof of y

compan y of i n vi sible

fairies who as he beli e ves c aused it
, , Fairy
Th e P h oo k a
h v di ti d t he bl ckbe i s a e r e a rr e .

Said wh e n t he fr uit of t he blackbe r r y is spoiled th r ough age or covere d

wti h d ust at t he e n d of the se aso n I n t he Nor t h o f E n gl an d we say t he .

d evil has set his foot o n the Bu mble Kit e s De nham Tr act

F iy
a riy b k m b
,
fa r ck d st m c ll p
, a e e a an n o an r oa e a o o ,

A d I ll gi e y e my d

n
pi t l f v g d e a s n e o o n .

T his is spoke n three times by t he C lyde sdale peas an t when ploughi n g ,

bec ause he belie ve s that o n getti n g t o t he e n d of t he four th fur row those

n gs will be fo un d sp r e ad o ut o n t he g r ass S

good thi ( C H AM B ER Pop ul ar

Rhymes Scotlan d
, 3 r
, d e d p . .

Tur n y u cl k s o r o e c ts)
oa ,

For f i y f lk s
a r o e

A re in o ld c ake s .

I we ll r e me mb e r th at on m or e occasion s th an on e whe n a schoolboy , ,

I h ave t ur n e d an d worn my coat i n sid e out i n p assi n g thr ough a wood i n

o rder to avoid the good pe opl e O n n utti n g days t hose glorious r e d

.
,

letter festivals i n the schoolboy s cal e n dar t he use pre tty ge n erally pr e

vailed The r hyme s i n t he t e xt ar e t he E n glish for m ul a De n ham

Tract
He
s
g ot Pi gwiggan .

call e d Peggy W iggan A seve r e fall o r s o me rset is so

V ulg ar ly .

termed in t he B pr ick T he fair y Pigwiggan is ce l e br ate d by Drayton in

.

is Nymphidia D e n h am To which may b e added a fe w

more h om othe r sour ces
'

Do wh at y o u may , say wh a t y o u c an ,
NO washi n g e e r w hit e n s t h e bl ack

i a gah Z .

(

Fi r d usi
For v y gypsy th t c om e s t o t
e er a oo n ,

A h will b missi g s
en e a- n o on ,

A d f ev
n y gypsy wom Old
or er an ,

A m aid s f t u will b e t ld
en

or ne o .
P R O VE RB S R EFER R I NG TO W1 TCH ES , G YP I E S S , A ND FA I R I ES . 20
5

Gypsy h i d d vil s y s
a r an e

e e ,

Ev st li g fu ll f li s
er ea n , o e ,

Y t l w ys p
e a nd a v wis oo r a ne er e .

H e who has ne v er liv d lik e

e a gypsy d s oe n ot k n ow how to en o j y li f e as a g tl m an
en e .

I n eve r e njoyed t he mer e livi n g as r egar ds all that co n stit ute s or di n ary
r espe ct abl e life so ke e n ly as I did afte r som e we e ks of great h un ge r ,

ex posure an d mi sery i n an ar t illery compan y i n 1 8 63 at t he t i me of t he

, , ,

bat tle o f Gettysbur g .

Z ig u
e n er Le be n Gr e i
n er Le b en .
( G ipsy li f e a g r o an n i g li f e. KO Rr E s '

Spr i ch wb r t e r d .

Er t u gt icht
a n zu m Z ig u e n er . S p rtischo vo m L gn e r g s gt
e a we il er n icht wa h s gt
r -
a .

( K O R T E ,

H e would n ot do:for a gypsy Said of a li ar be cause he can n ot .

t e ll t he tr uth I n Ge r man t o pr edict or t e ll for t un e s also m e an s to speak

.
,

t ruly i e wa hr = t r ue an d spr e chen = t o sp e ak

, . .
, ,
.

ypsy pe t c st l h s w or th m u ch rm
G re n an e fo r o en en is n ot .
( Old G e an

T he Ro m an y chi
A n d t he Ro m y ch lan a

Lo v e lur ipe n
A nd lu t c h i pe n
A nd d u kk ip er en

A nd h u kn i pe n
A nd e v y er pe n

Bu t lat c hipe n
A n d t at c h i e n
p .

T h e gypsy w o m an
A n d gypsy man
Lov st e li g
e a n

A d l wd ss
n e ne

A d f tu
n t lli g or ne e n

A d lyi g
n n

A d v y p
n e er en

Bu t sh m a e

A nd t r u th .
.

P en is th e t mi ti
er na on of all v bl
er a no u s n .

( G E O R G E B o a a o w, Q u tdo e fr o m m m ry )
e o .
20 6 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

i t m i g It s
a w n er or n n .

Mean i n g a b ad day or t hat matt e rs look badly

,
. In a ll usion to the
W i n te r s a gypsy cl an with a bad n ame
,
.

As w ild as a gypsy .

P u ro ro man e sko e s .
( I n t he old gypsy fa shi on .
)

Si c h atK b ld ( Sh h

n en o b o i
. h us i y

e as a r o wn e, or o e - fa r .

Said o f a gi r l who d oe s e v e r y thi n g de ftly an d r e adily I n so me .

pl ace s t he pe asan ts b e li e ve that a fai r y live s i n t he h ouse who d oe s t he ,

wor k b r i n gs wate r o r wood or cur r i e s t he h o r se s

, ,
W he r e s uch a fai r y .

dwe lls all succe e ds i f he or she is ki n dly tr e ate d ( K o R T E s Ge r m an

,

Pr o v e r bs
M i h t w h l w ss G i t
an s e e Ki d Si ( E ) ist
o e e s e rs n c r . .

One can we ll se e wh at
si r e I n all usion t o me n of
spir it was his .

si n gul ar or e cc e n tr ic h abits who ar e be li e ve d t o h ave b e e n b e gotte n by

,

t he i n c u b us or g o bli n s or fai r i e s
, Th e r e ar e ce r e mo n i e s by which spi r its
, .

may be attr acte d t o com e t o pe o pl e i n dr e ams .

Th e r e was a you n g man who liv e d n e ar M o n t e Lupo an d on e ,

d ay he fo un d i n a place am o n g so m e old r ui n s a st at ue o f a f a t e ( fairy

or godde ss) all n ake d H e se t it up i n its sh r i n e an d admi r i n g it
.
,

gr e atly e mbr ace d it with l o ve ( ut s e m e n ej us pr ouit sup e r st at uam) .

A n d that n ight an d e v e r aft e r t he f a t e c am e t o him i n his d r e ams an d

lay with him an d told him wh e r e t o n d t r e as ur e s so th at he be c ame
, ,

a r ich man But he live d n o mor e amo n g me n n o r did he aft e r that

.
,

e v e r e n t e r a ch ur ch A n d I hav e h e ar d th at an y o n e who will do as he

.

did can dr aw t he f at e t o c o me t o h im for th e y ar e gr e atly d e si r o us to ,

b e love d an d wo r shipp e d by me n as th e y we r e i n t he Ro man tim e s

.

The followi n g ar e H un gar i an o r Tr an syl van i an p r o v e r bs

Fl a se as a z
T igan e , t . e .
, gypsy .

Di r ty as a gyp y s .

The y live lik e gypsi s (s id e a of a qu ar r e ls m c u pl )

o e o e .
208 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

B ritai n where the y

, ar e almost , with o ut exception , on ly too r eady to ght
with an ybody .

Ev e r y gypsy wo m an is a w itch .

Ev e r y wom an is at h e ar t a witch .

In M ater i als for t he Study of t he Gypsie s by M I K O U NA e E

t he , . .
,

which I have n ot y e t se e n the r e ar e accor di n g to A

,
B Ely sse e ff
, . .

G
( yp y s L
-
or e 7our n a l J uly
, 1 th
, r e e or fo ur sco r e o f gy psy p r overbi al
sayi n gs an d m axims These r e fe r t o Sl avon i an or far E aster n Russi an
.

Rom an is I may he r e stat e i n this co n n ecti o n that all who ar e in te re sted

.

i n this subj e ct o r aught r e l ati n g to it will n d m uch to i n ter est them

, ,

in this jour n al o f the Gypsy Lo r e So ci e ty pri n t e d by T 8: A Con stable

-
, . .
,

E di n b ur gh The pr ice of subscr iptio n i n cl udi n g member ship o f the

.
,

,

socie ty is 1 a y e ar A ddre ss D avid Mac Ritchie 4 A r chibald Pl ace , , ,

E di n bur gh .
 C HA PTE R X IV .
I

G YP S Y M A G IC S P EL L H O K K A .
NI EA so L EL L I N
DU DI K A B I N O R T H E ,

G R EA T S E C RE T C H I L D RE N S R H Y M E S A N D I NC A N T A T IO N S T E N L I TT L E

I N D I A N B O Y S A ND T EN L I TT L E A CO R N G I R L S O F M AR C ELL U S B UR D I
G A L ENSI S .

HE RE is a m e an i n gle ss
r hyme ve r y comm on
amo n g childr e n It is .

r e p e at e d while cou n ti n g
o ff or

o ut those
who ar e t aki n g p art i n
a game an d allotti n g t o e ach
,

a pl ac e The r e ar e man y ve r
.

sio n s of it but t he followi n g is,

e x actly wor d for wo r d wh at I

l e ar n e d w h e n a boy i n Phil a
de lphi a

Ekke r i ( or i c ke r y ) , akke r
y , u -
ke y r an ,

Fi lli si , fo llasy ,

Nich ol as J oh n ,

Qu ec he e q u ab e e I r ishm an ( or , I ish r

Marv) .

Sti n gl e e m st an gl e

em

b u ck !

W ith a ve r y littl e a lte ration

ch pt is p d u c d b u t with m u ch dditi f m
T his a er re ro e ,
a on , ro on e in my wor k en titl d e

T h G ypsi s
e p u blish d i B st
e ,

188 1
e by Ho u H O N a
n o on , ,
G
'
r nd Mr v rN. Lo n d on

T Rti ENE 8 Co T he dditi will b t h m ost i t sti g p r t i t o t he fo lk lor i st

R : . a on e e n e re n o on -
.

28
21 0 G YP S Y SOR CER K

in soun ds an d n ot mo r e th an childre n make

, of the se ver ses in di ffe r e n t
l ac es t his may be r e ad as fo llows
p ,

Ek k e r i
-
( y e ko ri
) akai r
i, y o u k i a r an ,

Fi lli ssi n , follasy , Nake las j i n

Kivi k i I ishm
,
v r an ,

n
S ri i sta i b u ck !
, n

This is of cour se n on se n se b ut it is Rom an y

, , , or gypsy n on se n se ,

an d it may be thus tran sl ate d ve r y accurately

F i sth e e y o u be gi
r r n !
C stl e gl o ve s
a Yo u d
, . on

t pl y a
'

GO on

K i vi k ttl a e e . H ow ar e
y ou ?
St d/i b u ck
t , .

The common ve r sion o f t he r hyme be gi n s with

O n e e r y t woe r y
,
i c ke r y an .

But on e er is an exa ct t r an sl ti a on of e h he r i ; e h, or k me an in g
y y ,
e
- -

on e in gypsy .
( Eh -
or us, o r y e k -
hor us, m e an s o n ce ) . A n d it is r e m ar kabl e
that
Hi chor y di c ko r y d ck
o ,

The u p t h cl ck
r at r an e o ,

T h cl ck st u ck
e o r on e ,

A d d w h
n u o n e r n,

Hi h y di k y d ck
c or c or o .

W e h av e h i ckory or eh lt e r i agai n foll o wed by a sign ican t on e

,
-
, .

lt may be Ob ser ved th at whil e my rst q uotatio n abou n ds i n wh at ar e

un mist akably Ro m an y wor ds I can n d n o tr ace of an y i n an y othe r
,

child r hym e s of t he ki n d I lay str e ss o n this for if I wer e a gr e at

. ,

Celtic schol ar I should n ot have t he l e ast di f culty i n p r ov i n g th at e ve ry

wor d in e very r hyme down to To mmy m ake r oom for your un cle
, , ,

was all old Irish o r Gae lic .

21 2 G YP S Y O
S R CER K :

This fe at which is de scribe d by almost e v e r y wr it e r on Gypsies is
pe r for me d by i n du ci n g some wo m an of l ar ge ly m agn ie d faith to be lieve
that the r e is hidde n i n he r h ouse a m agic t r e asur e which can o n ly b e ,

m ade t o come t o han d by de positi n g i n t he ce ll ar an o the r tr e as ur e t o ,

which it will com e by n atur al ai n it y an d attr actio n For g o ld as .

,

o u se e s d r aws gold my d e ar i an d so if o u ti e s u all y o ur m o n e y i n

y , , y, p
a pocke t h an dke r ch e r
-
an l e av e s it you ll n d it d oubl e d A n wasn t
,

,

.

the r e t he Squ i r e s l ady y o u kn ow Mr s Tr e far lo of cour se an d did n t

.

,
'

she draw t wo h u n dr e d o ld g o ld gu i n e as o ut o f t he g r ou n d wh e r e the y d
l aid in an old gr ave an d on ly o n e g ui n e a she gav e me for all my tr o uble

an

I ho pe y ou ll do be tt e r than th at for t he po or o ld gypsy my dear i

The go ld an d t he spoo n s ar e all ti e d up for as t he e n chan t r e ss ,

sage ly obse r ve s the r e may be silv e r t oo

,
an d she s ol e m n ly r e pe ats
ove r it magi cal r hym e s whil e t he childr e n stan di n g ar ou n d i n awe liste n
, , ,

t o e v e r y wor d It is a go od s ubj e ct for a pict ur e Some times t he

. .

wi n dows ar e close d an d can dl e s lighte d t o add t o t he e ffe ct

,
The .

b un dle is le ft or bur i e d i n a ce r tai n pl ac e The n e xt day t he gypsy .

come s an d se e s how t he char m is wor ki n g C ould an y on e loo k u n de r

.

he r cl oak he might n d an oth e r bun dl e p r e cis e ly r e se mbli n g t he o n e co n

,

tai n i n g the tr e asur e She l ooks at t he pr e ci ous de p o sit r e pe ats he r

.
,

r hyme ag ain sol e m n ly an d d e p art s aft e r c ar e fully ch ar gi n g t he h o use wi fe

,
-

th at the bun dl e must n ot b e t ou ch e d loo ke d at o r sp o ke n o f for thr e e

, ,

wee ks .

E v e r y wo r d y ou t e ll about it my de sr i will b e a gui n e a go n e
, ,

away Som e times she e xacts an o ath on t he B ibl e wh e n she chi v s o

.
,

ma n z i n apr e lZi t t i th at n o thi n g sh all b e said .

B ack to t he far me r s house n e ve r agai n

Afte r thr e e weeks an oth e r
.

E xtr aor di n ary I n stan ce o f Gr oss Cr e dulity appe ar s i n t he c oun try pape r an d ,

is perh aps r e p e ate d i n a col ossal Lo n do n daily with a r e fe r e n ce to the ,

abse n ce o f the scho o lm ast e r The r e is waili n g an d shame i n t he house

.

per ha s gre at suffe ri n g fo r it ma be th at t he savi n gs Of ye ars an d

p y ,

beque athed tan kards an d marri age r i n gs an d i n her it e d jewell e ry an d

, , ,

mot her s souve n irs have be e n swe pt away The char m has wor ke d

. .
 G YP S Y MA GI C SP EL L . 21 3

H ow such fools !
can peo ple be ca n they ? H ow can

Ye a how
fully n i n ety n i n e o ut of o n e h un dr e d an d I fe ar me n i n e h u n d r ed an d
-
,

n i n e ty n i n e o u t o f a thousan d
-
b e c ap abl e o f what amoun ts t o p r ecisely
,

t he sam e
thi n g payi n g out th e ir cash in the hope s that t he I n visibl e
I n ue n c e s in t he I n scr utabl e Ce ll ar or Ce l e sti al G ar r e t will pay it back to
th e m ce n t pe r ce n t ? O h r e ade r if y ou b e o f middl e age ( fo r the r e ar e
, . .
, ,

p e r h aps some you n g agn ostics be gi n n i n g t o appe ar t o whom t he cap doe s

n ot t ) an d ca n s we ar o n y o ur hat th at o u n e v e r i n y o ur li fe h av e bee n
, y
t ake n in by a d di ha bi n i n an y for m se n d me y o ur n ame an d I will

awar d o u for an e pit aph th at gl o r ious o n e giv e n i n t he Nu a Ve n a les

g

Hi c j ac e t ill qu i u u s
e n fu it i t n er mill e !

The ch m ar has wor ke d

t h e little sh ar p care d childr e n r e m e mb e r
. Bu t -

it an d si n g it ov e r an d the mor e me an i n gl e ss it sou n ds i n the i r e ar s t he

, , ,

mor e myste r ious doe s it b e c om e A n d th e y n e v e r t alk about t he b un dle

.

which whe n Ope n e d was fo un d t o con t ai n on ly st o n e s sticks an d r ags , ,

without r e p e ati n g it So it go e s fr om m o uth t o mo uth un t il all mutil at e d

.
, , ,

it passe s c ur r e n t for e v e n wo r se n on se n s e than it was at r st It may b e .

b e r e w ,
e
o s v d ho e v r an d t he r e mar k will be fully subst an ti at e d by an y on e
who k n o ws t he gypsy l an g uag e that th e r e is a Rom an y t ur n to e ve n t he
rough e st c o r n e r s o f th ese r hyme s Ki v i st i ngli st a ngli ar e all gypsyish .
, , , ,

But as I hav e al r e ady i n tim ate d this d o e s n o t appe ar i n an y oth e r

, ,

n o n s e n se v e r s e s o f t he ki n d The r e is n othi n g o f it i n
.

I n t e r y, mi n t e r y ,
c ut e r
y c or n ,

or in thi n g e lse i n Mothe Goos It is alo n i: i n its s o un ds an d

y an r e .

s e n se or n o n se n se But ther e is n o t a wan der e r on th e r o ads i n

.

En gl an d who on h e ari n g it wo uld n ot e xcl aim Th e r e s a gr e at de al of ,

Roman e s i n th at e r e ! A n d i f an y o n e doubts it le t him t r y it on an y
ypsy w h o has an av e rag e k n owle dge f Rom an y
g o .

I should say t h at t he wo r d Na Ke la s which mean s lite rally Do -

,

You do n ot pl ay

n ot play or , ,
was e x pl ai n e d to me by a gypsy ,
 4 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

as sig n i fy i n g n o t spe aki n g or ke e pi n g quiet Ni chol as Joh n has r e ally

, .

n o m e an i n g b ut ,
You don t pl ay go o n ts e xactly i n to a coun ti n g

O ut g am e .

The myste ry o f myste r i e s i n t he Rom an y to n gue Of which I h ave

spoke n is this : The hohha n i bar o or hucheny bor o or great t r ick con '

, , ,

sists of thr e e p ar ts Fi r stly t he ge tti n g i n to a house or i n to t he

.
,

c on de n ce o f its own er which is e ffe cted in E n gl an d by o fferi n g small

,

war e s fo r sal e o r by be ggi n g fo r fo od but chi e y by for tun e t e lli n g

, ,
-
,

t he l att e r b e i n g the us ual p r e t e n ce i n A m e rica I f t he gypsy woman .

b e at all pre p ar e d she will h ave l e ar n e d e n ough t o am az e

, t he l ady

o f t he house who is there by made r e ady t o b e li e ve an y thi n g

, The .

se co n d p ar t o f t he t r ick is t he con ve y i n g away t he p r ope r t y which is , ,

as I have said t o lel d di ha bi n o r t ake light n i n g possibly con n e ct e d
, , ,

with t he old can tin g te r m for co n v e y an ce of bi e n light m en t The r e is .

eviden tly a co n fusi o n o f wor ds h e r e A n d thi r d is to chi v o m

. anzin

a
p r
'

lci t i t o
p u t t he o ath u p o n he r t he victim b y w hich she bi n ds

he r s e l f n ot t o sp e ak o f t he affai r for some we e ks W he n t he de ce ive d .

ar e all u n de r o ath n ot to u tt e r a wo r d ab o ut t he t r ick t he gypsy ,

mothe r has a safe thi n g of it .

The hii hha n i bor o o r gre at tr ick or dudi ha bi n was b r ought by t he

, , ,

gypsi e s from t he E ast It has b e e n p r actise d by the m all ove r t he

.

wo r ld an d is still pl aye d eve r y day som e wh e r e

, A n d I h av e r e ad i n .

t he P r ess of Phil ade lphi a th at a

Mr s B R OW N whom I s adly an d r e .

luct an t ly be li e v e is t he wi fe o f an acq uai n t an c e o f mi n e who w alks

be for e t he wo r ld i n othe r n ame s was ar r e sted for t he same Old game
o f fo r t u n e t e lli n g
-
an d p e r s uadi n g a simple d am e th at th e re was tr e as ur e
,

A n d Mr s

i n t he ho use an d all the r e st of t he
,
gr an d d e c e pti on . .

B R OW N good old Mr s B ro wn we n t to p r iso n wh e r e she doubtless

.
,

li n ge r e d un til a br ib e d alde rman o r a purch ase d p ar don or some on e , ,

o f t he n u m e ro u s de vic e s by which j u stice is e asily e v ade d i n Pe n n sylv an i a ,

de li ve r ed he r .

Yet it is n ot a good coun tr y on t he whol e for hci hha n i bor o si n ce

,
216 G YP S Y O
S R CER Y .

of t he man
ith v y p ibl d t il w t his h u s
e d h bits
er ( I t is oss
y d e e a as o o e an a . e as an co n

g i l w k t p pl w h p s th i l iv s i l
en a or o eo i g ll th y
e f th f lks
o a s e r e n e ar n n a e c an o o er o

a ff i t
a rs id i f t
o t lli g t d ut t h s ft p ts
a n or un e - e S m Sli h c lls t h p u n
,
o n o e o s o , as a c a e ec

li i t i
ar by whic h m m y b i u c d ) A d
es a m d y whan ll t h a t f th e n en e .

n so so e a , en a e res o e

f mily
a i th ld t h gyp y m
ar e n e w m c m e d t i gi t
s, ec v s an or o an o e s, an en er n n o a on er

s ti
a on l ds it t t h ubj ct f t h h u
,
ea o m ki g t h t it is b li f m g his
e s e o e o se , re ar n a a e e a on

p pl th t i it t s u li s b u i d H ff s i f h m y h v p missi t t k it
eo e a n a re a re e r e . e o er ,
e a a e er on o a e

aw y t giv
a ,
o f u th thi d
e h l f i t v l u T his ll s ms f i
on e - o r ,
u gh b u t t h
a r , or a a s a e . a ee a r eno , e

p s n t is g dy d w ts m
ea a r ee T h gyps y his sid ls
an s u m s s u spici
an d or e . e ,
on e, a o as e on an

dist u st H p v s th t
r . h is c j u
e ro by p f e mi g s m st g t icks th u s h
a e a on r or e r or n o e r an e r e

t k s
a e gg f m
an e u d h b ks
ro it d pp tlynb i gs ut sm
er ll h
a u m sk u
enll , rea ,
an a ar e n r n o a a an or

s m st g O bj ct d lly p s u d s t h p s t t c ll ct ll his c i
o e r an e e ,
an d
na th er a e e e a an o o e a o n an o er

v l u bl s i
a a t s g ld
e nsilv i tno e b u dl c uti i g him t h ld th m f st
,
o , or er, n o a n e, a on n o o e a .

H m u st g t
e b d d put t h
o p ck t u d his pill w whil h t h c j u
o e an e a e n er o , e e, e on r or ,

ds t h t u
n e T his d
r e asp b bly ire . d k d m h t k s b u dl f
on e ro a n a ar en e r oo e a e a n e o

simil pp ar c which h h qu ickly p p d d u d p t c f f cilit ti g

a e ar an e e as re ar e , an n er re en e o a a n

th e p ti o d p u tti g t h m
era on i t
an p p p siti t k s t h igi l p ck g
n e d an n o a ro er o on ,
a e e or na a a e an

s u bstit u t s th e Th th
an ovictim is c u ti d th t it is f t h u tm st imp t c
er . en e a on e a o e o o r an e

for him t li p f ctly still o e er e

Nor move his h an d bli k his n or n

cc

If v h h p d t h g ud t
e er ; e o e e o o se e

F y
or b t il k
a limb e a oo on a ,

T h f i i s h d th i
e a r e him a e r

een on .

gypsy is o ve r t he hi lls an d far far away e r e t he sh ade s of

The
eve n i n g fall an d t he family r e t ur n i n g fr o m the i r e lds n d t he fathe r in
,

b e d r e fusi n g to sp e ak a wor d ; fo r he has b e e n ur ge n tly imp r ess e d

with t he asse r ti o n th at t he l o n ge r he h olds his to n gue an d ke e ps t he
affai r a s e c r et t he mor e mon e y he will make A n d t he e xt r e me supe r .

st i t i o n o f t he Ge r m an pe asan t is such that wh e n oblige d to te l l t he

,

tru th he Ofte n b e li e ve s th at all his loss is due t o a p r e mat ur e for ce d

r e v e l atio n o f wh at he has d o n e
for t he gypsy i n m an y c ase s has t he ch e e k

t o c aution t he victim th at if he sp e aks t oo soo n t he c o n t e n ts o f t he

p ackage wil l be t ur n e d to san d or r ags accor di n gly as he has pr e
par e d it .

An o th e r an d mor e imp ude n t m an n e r o f pl ayi n g this p r et e n de d

sor cer y is to pe r s uade the pe asan t that he m ust h ave a thick cl oth ti e d
,
 G YP S Y MA GI C SP ELL . 217

aroun d his he ad an d i f an y on e add r es ses him to re ply o n ly by wh at in

,

German is called br umm en utte ri n g a ki n d of growl This he doe s .

,

whe n the en tir e p arty pr oce ed to carry off everythi n g port abl e
'

Ch a i r s t bl s k n iv s n d f ks
an d a e e a or ,

T k ds
an d b ttl s
ar d c u ps
an d c kso e an an or ,

B ds d dish e s d b ts d k e gs
e an an oo an ,

Bc n d p u ddi gs
a on d m i lk n d e ggs
a n an a ,

T h c a pe t lyi g
e thr n on e oor ,

A d t h h ms h u g u p f
n e a th wi t e st r n or e n r o e,

Ev r y pill w
e d sh t d b d
o an ee an e ,

T h d u gh i n t h t u gh a d t he b k e b e d
e o e ro n a n r a ,

Ev r y bit f p v t
e p lf
o r o an or e

All th t the y l e ft w t he h u s e its l f

a as o e .

On e may im agi n e wh at the scen e is li ke whe n the r est r eturn an d

n d the ho use pl un d e r e d the paterfamilias si tt i n g i n the rui n s with his
,

head tied up an swe r in g all an t i c queries with br um br umbr um

,
'

It may recall the we ll kn own poem I thi n k it is by PE T E R P I N D A R
-

'

Wo LC O r r of t he man who was pe rsuade d by a bet to make the motio n
'

o f a pe n d ul um sayi n g H ere she goes there she goes ! while t he

, ,

i n stigator cle ared out the house an d the n cleared out himse l f I have .

little doubt that this poem was drawn fr om a Rom an y origi n al .

O r yet agai n the gy psy havi n g obt ai n ed the pl un der an d sub st i

, ,

t ut e d the dum my packe t persuades the true believer to bury it i n t he

,

barn garde n e ld or a for est pe r fo r ms m agic c e re mon ies an d re pe ats

, , , ,

i n can t ation s ov e r it an d cautio n s him to dig it up agai n pe rhaps six

, ,

mon ths l ate r on a ce rt ai n day it may be his sai n t s or bir th day an d to

,

,

ke e p sile n ce till the n The gypsy make s it an absol te con dition n ay

. u ,

he i n sists very e arn est ly on i r t h at t he t reasure sh all n o t be dug up

un le ss he himse l f is o n the spot to share the spoil But as he may .

possib ly be pre ve n ted fr om comi n g he te lls the peas an t how to procee d ,

he leaves with him s e veral pie ces o f pape r in scribe d with cab alisti c cha
r act e r s which ar e to be burn t when t he mon ey is removed an d t eaches ,

him what he is to r e pe at while doi n g it Wi th se que n ce as before . .

29
3 18 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

might be ur ged by t he gy psy that the taki n g a man s mon ey

It

fr o m him un der t he con di t io n s th at he Sh all ge t it all b ack with imme n se

i n ter est six mon ths afte r doe s n ot di ffer m at e ri ally fr om per suadi n g hi m
,

to give his p r operty to B rahmi n s or e ve n pr iests with t he un de rst an di n g , ,

that he is to be amply rewar ded for it i n a fut ure stat e I n both cases .

the t empt ati o n to t ake t he mo n ey down is i n deed gr e at as be fe l a cert ai n
ver y e xc e ll e n t ly hon est b ut e xt r e mely cauti ous Scotch c ler gyman t o whom ,

ther e on ce came a ver y wicked an d we althy o ld r e pr ob ate who asked

I f I gie a th ousan d p un s till t he ki r k d y e thi n k it wad save my

him
,

so ul ?

I m n a pr e par i t t o pr eceesely an swe r t hat que stion said t he

shr ewd do m

i n ie b ut I would v ara ur ge n tly advise y e t o t ry i t
, .

O h th ou who persuadest man th at for mo n e y down gr e at good shall

r e s ult t o him from an
y ki nd o f spi r itual i n c n t tio
a a n t wist an d t urn it
as ye will mut at o n omi n e dc to fa bula n a r r a t ur ,

Wi th b u t si gl ch g a n e an e of n a m e,

T h st y ts th
e qu it
or ee e the s m a e .

A n d fe w an d far be t we e n ar e t he Ro m an ys o r ev e n t he Ro m an s

who would n ot vara e ar n e stly advise ye to t r y it .

Si n ce I wrote th at l ast li n e I h ave me t i n t he ffour n a l of A me r i ca n ,

Folk L or e with a v e r y i n ter e sti n g ar ticl e on t he C ou n ti n g o ut Rhymes

-
,
-

o f Childr e n in which t he wr i t e r H CA R R I NO r O N B O L T O N av ows his

, , .
'

be li e f that these dogge r el v e r se s or r hym e s ar e t he sur vivals of sor til e ge s

or divi n ati on by lot an d th at it was p r actise d amon g the an c ie n t
,

heathe n n ati on s as we ll as the Israe lit e s

Th e use st c iv d divi s cti
of t h e lo t at i r th st y f A ch
re e l td
e ne an on ,
as n e or o an re a e

by J sh u o a, bu t ft this w withh ld t h p ctic f ll i t t h h ds f s c s

a er as e e ra e e n o e an o or ere r

which v er y m sig i s l t t k
na e Th e d gg
n e ls th ms lv s I g d
o -
a er .s u viv l f o ere e e e re ar as a r a o

th Sp k
e o en ch ms u s d by s c s i
ar ci t tim e s i c j u cti with th i mystic
e or e re r n an en n on n on e r

i c t ti
n an a on s Th r
. u m u s x mpl s f th s ch ms s u ch
e e ar e n ero e a e o e e ar , as

Hu t H t H u t ist p ist sist d mi b d m u t

a an a a a a a o a o a na s r a.

( C ATO 2 35 ,

I r r i or i , r i r ior i e ss ere r h ude r fe r e .

2 20 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

s elected W hen there was a rm beli e f i n the virtues o f n umber s as set

.

for t h by P Y T H A G O R A S an d PL A T O i n the Ti ma us an d o f c abalistic n ame s

, ,

i n spired by the I n tellige n ces it is n ot r em ar kable that the divi n e r s or
,

pr iests or sorcere rs or dist r ibutors o f sor t es an d sortileges should e n de avour

to prove that life an d death lay boun d up i n mystic syll ables That .

ther e were curious an d occult arithmetic al m e an s o f coun ti n g out an d

savi n g elected perso n s is shown i n ce rt ai n mystic p r o bl e ms st ill e xiste n t
i n B oys O wn B ooks an d oth e r h an db o oks of j u ve n il e s port s
, I t was the .

o n e o n who m t he fat al wor d of li fe or d e ath fe ll who was save d or

co n de m n e d so that it was n o won de r that the wor d was belie v e d to be
,

a s ubtle mysterious e xiste n ce an e sse n ce o r pri n ciple e a a spi r it o r all

, y , .

i n o n e di v er si a spet t i i n un conf use e mi st i H e who k n ew t he n ame
, .

o f N ame s which as the Chaldazan or acl e s o f old decl ar ed

, rushes i n to ,

the i n n ite wor lds k n e w all thi n gs an d had all powe r ; eve n i n lesse r
,

words the re li n ge r ed t he fragran ce o f Go d an d some r e echo of t he B a t h -

Kol the D aught e r o f the V oice who was h e r se l f t he l ast e cho o f the
divi n e utteran ce So it we n t down through t he age s
. comin g like ,

Ce sar s clay to b ase uses

, till we n ow n d the sacr ed divi n ation by

words a child s pl ay : o n ly th at an d n othi n g more

.

Truly Mr BO L T O N spo ke well whe n he s aid that such r e ecti o n

.

clot h es the se doggerels with a n e w an d fasci n ati n g i n ter est Now an d .

the n some little thi n g awake n s us to the days of old t he r osy e ar ly , ,

morn i n g O f man ki n d when the stars o f magic we r e still twi n kli n g i n t he

,

sky an d t he dreamer h ardly awake still thought himse l f comm un i n g

, , ,

with God SO I was stru ck t he other day whe n a gypsy a deep an d

.
,

r m believe r i n t he powe r o f the a mulet an d who had lo n g sought y e t , ,

n ever foun d his ideal was deeply moved whe n I showe d him t he shell
, ,

o n which N A v or t he N ame was mystic ally i n s cri bed by N at ure

, , Through .

t he occ ult an d broken tradition s of his t r ibe there had come to him
also e r h a s from I n di an or Chaldz an o r ces some k ow led ge f the
, p p s u n o ,

a n cie n t faith i n it s po wer .

I t hin k that I can add to the i n stan ce of a child s co un ti n g out

-
 G YP S Y MA GI C SPELL . 221

g me
a b ased o n a magic spell , y e t an other . E verybody kn ows the o g
s n

of Joh n Brown who had

Te n littl n i e littl ight littl e s v littl e

e, n e, e , e en ,

S ix littl I di boys ;
e n an

F iv littl e f u littl e th
e ,
littl e t w littl
o r ,
re e , o e,

O e lit t l I di n b y
n e n a o ,

A nd o f
the fate which overtook th e m all o n e by o n e i n evi table as t he , ,

dec r ee s o f Nemesis This son g is i n action a game

. I have heard it i n .

R oman y om a gypsy an d h ave r e ce ive d o m a gypsy schol ar an o the r

'

,
-

versio n of it tho ugh I am sure that both were ve r sion s fr om the E n glish
,
.

But i n Rom an y as i n all lan guage s there h av e e xisted what may be

, ,

call e d additio n al an d s ubtr activ e m agic son gs based o n some prim aev al ,

Pyth agorean p r i n ciple o f the virt ues o f n umber s an d as regards form , , ,

quite like that of the t e n little I n di an s I n the charms of M A R C E L L U S .

B U R DI G A L ENSI S ( third ce n tury ) it appears as a cure for p ai n s or ,

disorde rs i n the j aws ( r emedi um v a lde cer tum et ut i le fa uci um dolor i bus) ,

i n t he So n g of the Seve n A cor n Siste r s which the Lati n Gaul doctor ,

-

describe s as ca r me n mi r um in which opi n ion the lover of Folk lor e will

,
-

heart ily co n cur .

A RM E
C N M uu A D G L ND ra A U LA S.

G lan dulas mn a e c ar min ab i s si di e s mI n ue t ur

, , si n ox ad ve s e r a
p m
,
et d igit o

me dici n ali ac p llic e c

o on t in e n s e as dic s e

No ve m gl an d u l a: so r or c s,

O cto gl an d u l a: sor or c s,

S pt m gl d u l
e e an ar sor or c s,

S exgl n d ul a ar sor or cs,

Q qi n ue gl d u l an a: so r or c s,

Q u t u or gl d u l
a an a: sor or e s,

T e s gl n d u l
r a a: sor or cs,

Du gl d u l a: an a sor or c s,

U gl d u l s
na an a or or i

Thi s son g which with its i is ve r y ld i

,
a r, o n t he Un ite d S t at e s has b e e n ul
, v

gar i ze d by be i n g t u n e d i n to b ll d of t e n littl e
r a a a ni g ge r boys I t i give n i n Mr s
. s .

VA L ENTI NE s

Nurser y Rhyme s as I n di n boy s a .

22 2 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

Nove m gl d u l un t an a ,

O ct u t gl d u l
o n an ar,

S pt m u t gl d u l
e e n an a ,

Se u t gl d u l
x n an a ,

Q u i qu u t g l d u l
n e n an ar,

Q u ttu a u t gl du l
or n an ar,

T s u t gl d u l
re n an a ,

Du u t gl d u l
a: n an ar,

U nat gl d u l an a,

Nu ll t gl d u la an a

Ni n e littl e c
a or n sist s ( gi ls)
er or r ,

Eight littl e c
a or n sist s & )
er ,
c .

This is simply t he sam e c oun t for war ds an d backwar ds ,

.

It rise s be for e us as we r e ad a ch o r us of rosy litt le A uluse s an d
M ar cellas Clo dias an d Man liuse s scr eamin g i n chorus
, , ,

Te n littl i littl
e, n ne e, e ight littl e
,
sv
e en littl e,

S ix littl c
e gi ls !
a or n r

U n til it was r educ e d to un a gl the n the r e was

a n dula et n ulla t
.

n on e . Th e y t oo had h e ar d th e i r e lde r s r e p e at it as a ch arm agai n st the

aw ach e a n d can m
j -
an
y an i n h i s s e n se s do ubt th at th e y appli e d it i n

tur n t o t he divi n e witchc r aft o f fun an d t he s ublime sor ce r y of sport ,

which ar e j ust as m agic al an d wo n de r ful i n th e i r way as an ythi n g i n all

t he ur g ia or occ ultism e spe ci ally whe n t he l att e r is use d o n ly t o e xcit e
,

m ar v e ls an d t he amaze me n t which is o n ly a sy n o n ym for am use me n t .

B ut it is n ot c r e dibl e that such a palp abl e le avrn g o ut so n g as that o f
t he Te n Littl e A c o r n Gi r ls sho uld n o t havi n g b e e n utili z e d by s u ch
i n t e llige n t childr en as gr e w u p i n to b e i n g t he con que r or s of the wor ld

kn owi n g Lati n at that .

There is ve t an othe r O ld Rom an wo n de rful son g to the A corn s ,

app ar e n tly for t he s ame disor der give n b y the same auth or , .
2 24 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

In support of the se st atem e n ts he cites a gr eat ar ray of authoritie s The .

co n n ectio n be twe e n the m o le an d m o use is e vide n t e n o ugh that be twee n ,

both an d t he sn ail is also clear : r stly fr om t he fact t hat t he sn ail ,

fro m t he

of popu l ar sup e rstitio n is d e mo n i ac al or e vil ; an d se co n dly , ,

rhym e which I n ow quote which is appli e d t o both mol es an d sn ails

, .

A cc o r di n g to DU C A N O E it was u s ual i n t he Middle A ges for chil dr e n

to go about carryi n g poles o n t he e n ds of which was str aw which they
, ,

ligh t e d an d goi n g r oun d t he g arde n s an d un de r t he t r e es shouted

,

Ta u p s t m u l ts
e e o ,

S tz d
or e cl s e vas o ,

Si j v
n onu s b ul e o r e r ai la b b ar e et le s

B ut in Ger man y the r e It aly ve version s o f the same

ar e t wo an d in
so n g addresse d to sn a i ls It is evide n tly a Roman Cat holic for mul a
.
,

base d on some e ar ly he ath e n i n can t at I o n T h us in Tuscan y the y si n g .

hi cci l m i ll
C o o a ar n e a

Ti fu i l t u c n ll
ra or e e or e e,

E tu se l ti i n on e r e ra

C lci p u g i t u b u sch
a c i n e ra .

B oth sn ail an d m ole an d mous e w e r e as I have sai d cht hon i c

the , , ,

that is di abol ical o r of d ar kn e ss The hor n s of the for me r wer e supposed

.

to con n e ct it with t he d e vil

I n Tusc an y it is beli e ved th at i n t he
.

mon th of A pr il t he s n ail mak e s l ove with se r pe n ts .

The r e is an othe r n urse ry co un ti n g o ut r hym e wh ose an tiquity an d -

con n e ctio n with sor ce r y is v e r y e vide n t It is as foll ows .

One, th f u t wo, re e, o r, ve ,

I c u ght h a ll liv a ar e a a e.

S ix s v ight i t
,
e en, e ,
n ne en,

1 l t h g eg i er o a a n .

The followi n g from t he m e dical spe lls an d char ms of MA R C EL LU S

B U R DI G A L ENSI S m an i fe stly e xpl ai n s it

Le p i viv
or ot l um b t
a a s r ah e s,
pi lOs ue
q e j us de sub v e n t r e t ll s
o e atqu ips u m
e

vi vu m di mi t t e s
. D illis pilis
e , ve l l an a lum a v lid u m fa ci s e et ex eO t l u m l p is
a e or
 G YRS Y MA G] C
.
SP ELL . 22
5

c on li
g ab i s c o r u
p q
s u e mi m e di u b e i
lab or an t i s pr ae c i n ge s ; E i i u r m i t ro re o s v n es . c ac s a en er

re m di u m i t u t i c dibil sit si c s u OS ips u m i d t t l u m l p is i t c l u pi

e , a n re e , a , es a e or n s er or e

i i qu d i t c ust di d b s
n v e n e r s, o a ut t m t g r ut
o re m u li
e e ,
t i g tu
ne d
a e rra an a a a e re c on n a r, se

n ec lum illud d l l p is d b t m u li u ll
e an a t ig
e or H e ut m e m di u m c u m
e er a c on ere . o a e re e

u i p fu
n i t d li s t
ro er l t um c u m
a a lu i a t qu ti
r an s a s lue i p d i t F il u m qu qu vo e r s, e o en vo r s ro er . o e,

q u do l exv l pilis qu
an a s d v
e t l p is t ul
, i sol us p u u s
c t itid u s
en f ci
re s q u de or e r s, o r e n a e , o

si i t v t i l b
a en r ti ub li ga i l
o r an
p u i mu m ps d i
s t u t ubl t
av e r sl l p m viv u mr ro er ,
s a a an a e or e

di mmi t t t dic s
as, i d u m dimittis
e uma c c

F u ge , f ug e, le pu sc ule , et t c um ut
e a er c li o

That is t o say y ou must r st c atch y our h are the n pl uck

, ,

om it t he fur n e e de d a d dolor e m coli the n

le t it go agai n biddi n g , ,

it c ar r y t he dis or de r with it I n which t he h ar e ap pe ar s as a scap e .

goat It may b e obse r v e d th at all this ce r e mo n y o f catchi n g t he har e

.
,

l e tti n g it go an d biddi n g it r un an d c ar ry away t he diso r de r is still i n ,

famili ar use i n T uscan y .

It has b e e n obs e r ve d to me th at a ny n ur s e r y rhyme may be use d

To this we may r e ply that an y co n c e ivable hum an

as a ch ar m .

utt e r an ce m ay b e t ak e n fo r t he s am e p ur p o se b ut this is an u n fai r spe ci al ,

ple adi n g n o t co n n e ct e d with t he m ai n iss ue Mr CA RR I NGT O N BO L TO N . .

admits that he has on ly fo un d o n e i n st an c e of coi n cide n ce bet we e n

n u r s e r y r hym e s an d sp e lls an d I h av e comp are d h u n d r e ds o f both with ,

n o t mu ch mo r e r e s ult th an wh at I h av e h e r e give n But those who ar e .

p r actically familiar with s uch for m ul as r e cog n i z e this af n ity O n aski n g .

t he Flo r e n ti n e for t un e te ll e r i f she k n e w an y childr e n s coun ti n g o ut

-

-

r hymes which de e me d to he r to be the s ame with i n can t atio n s she at ,

o n ce r e pli e d

I n witchc r aft y o u some time s c all o n pe opl e on e by o n e by n ame
to b e witch the m A n d t he little gir ls h ave a so n g which se e ms to be
.

like it The n she san g to a ve r y p r e tty tun e
.

Ecc o l i mb asc i a t o r e ,

C ol tr a le vi la l e r a,

Ecc o l i mbasc i at r i c e ,

Co l tr a la li ra la !

3 1
2 26 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

Co s vl t
a o e e co l tua la 11
Co l tr a le li l va a,

V o iogl G i u s ppi
e n a,

C ol tr a l li
e l va e va.

Vo gli o l C s i
a e ar n a,

Col tra l lie

7
r a le 1 a.

Vogli o l A mid
a r a, &c .

V gli
o o l G s u ld
a e a a,

V gli
o o l a B ar b e r s ,
V gli
o o la Bi c an a,

V gli
o o la F tu t
or n a a,

V gli
o o la U liv a,

V gli
o o la Fil m o e n a,

V gli
o o la M dd l
a a e n a,

V gli
o o la Pi a,
V gli
o o la G e mm a,

V gli
o o la I da,
V gli
o o la L or e n zi n a,

V glio
o la C ar o li n a,

V gli
o o la A n n un c i at i n a,

V gli
o o la Mar go ,

&c .

The r e is o n e thi n g of which those who de n y t he ide n tity of an y

c oun ti n g out -
r hym e s with spells ar e n ot awar e The se i n can tatio n s ar e .

very m uch i n vo gue with t he Itali an pe asan try as wi th the gypsi e s ,

.

The y ar e repeat e d o n all o ccasio n s for e v e r y disorde r for e v ery tr i e ,

l ost for e v e ry wan t

, E v e r y child has hear d them an d the ir ji n gl e an d
.
,

e ve n th e i r obsc ur ity m ak e the m attr activ e The y ar e j ust what childr e n

.

wo uld b e like ly to r e me mbe r an d t o si n g ove r an d t he applyi n g the m ,

to gam e s an d t o coun ti n g out would follow as a matt e r of cour se

-
.

I n a co un t r y wh e r e e v e r y pe asan t se r v an t gi r l an d child k n ows at l e ast

,
-

a fe w spells t he wo n de r wo uld b e i f so m e o f th e se we re n ot th us po pula

,

r iz e d or p e r v e rted It is o n e thi n g to sit in o n e s library an d de mon st rat e

.

that this o r that ought n o t t o be because it is fo un de d on a th e ory o r

,

ide a an d q uite an othe r t o live amo n g pe o pl e whe r e the se ide as ar e i n
,

a ctiv e ope ration . W A S H I N GT O N IR VI N G has r ecor de d that o n e of t he

Dutch gove r n or s of Ne w Yor k achieved a v ast reput ation for wisdo m b y
2 28 G YP S Y S R CER Y O .

This divi n i n g by go bl e ts is still commo n in t he East I n N O R D E N S .

& c we ar e t o ld th at a n ativ e said t o t he trave ll e r s

Reise n ach Egypte n , .
,

th at he had i n t e rrogate d his coffe e cup an d it had r e plied that t he t r avell e r s-

,

wer e th o se of wh o m t he Pr o ph e t had pr e dict e d the y wo uld co me as S pi e s an d

le ad t he way for a g r e at i mmig r ati o n o f Fr an ks
, I n an Ar abic c omm e n tary .

o f t he t we l fth c e n t ur y t he r e pli e s which t he g o bl e t g av e to J o se ph wh e n it

t appe d o n it ar e give n in full As coffe e dr i n kin g is ve r y an ci e n t it is pr o babl e

.
-

th at di vi n ati o n by mean s of t he g r o un ds gr e w o ut of for e t e llin g with t he cup .

H or st ( Dz mo n omagie vol ii ) r e mar ks that pr e dicti o n by me an s

. .

of d r i n ki n g o r co ffe e c ups & c is cal l e d in magic Scyphoma n cy an d that

,

.
, , ,

t he r e ade r may j udge how c o mmon it was in G e r m an y i n t he r st h al f o f

t he e ighte e n t h c e n t ur y by c o n sulti n g the famous h um or o us poe m o f t he

Re n o mist So n g iii ve r 4 7

, C e r tai n g o bl e ts of thi n gl ass will give o ut
. . .

q uite a loud r i n g if on ly blown u pon an d by blowi n g or b r e athi n g in a ,

pe culi ar way t he soun d may be gre atly i n cr ease d or modie d so as to so un d ,

like t he h uman voice This was shown me by an old cust ode i n t he muse um
.

at t he H ag ue It is.a c ri s
u ou t r ick w orth t r yi n g e spe ci ally by thos e who

wo uld p ass for m agici an s !

The r e is y e t an othe r ki n d of magic cup k n own on ly by t r adition t he ,

sec r e t o f which I beli e ve I was t he r st t o r e disco ve r It is S aid that

, ,
-
.

t he Chi n ese kn ew o f o ld how t o m ake b o ttl e s & c which appe ar e d to b e , .

,

per fe ctly pl ai n but o n which whe n ll e d with wi n e i n scr iption s o r g ure s

, , ,

app e ar e d,
an d whi ch we r e use d i n divi n ati o n as to an s we r q ue sti o n s In .

t he wi n te r o f 1 886 87 Sir H E N R Y A U S T I N LA Y A RD we n t with me

,

t h r o ugh his gl ass factor y at V e n i ce A s we we r e stan di n g by t he .

I

fur n ace watchi n g t he wor km e n it ashe d upo n me q uit e in a s e con d

how the myste r io us O ld gobl e ts o f t he Chi n e se co uld b e m ad e This .

wo uld b e by blo wi n g a b o ttl e & c o f thi n white gl ass an d p utti n g o n , .

,

t he i n t e rior i n all p ar t s e x cept t he pat t e r n a coati n g o f gl ass h al f an i n ch ,

i n thick n e ss The o utside sh o uld th e n b e lightly g r o un d t o c o n ce al the

.
,

1
I t is n t g e n e lly k n wn th t Sir H A
o ra o a . . La y d
ar an d Si r Willi m D k
a ra e we r e t he t ue
r

r e viv e r s o f t h e gl ss m n u fact u r e
a af V e n ic e o .
 G YP S Y MA GI C SP ELL . 2 29

h e avy por ti o n I f r e d wi n e or an y dar k uid should the n b e po ured

.

i n to the bottl e t he patte r n wo uld appe ar o f t he s am e colo ur Sir A usti n .

Layar d at o n c e s e n t for his ve r y i n t e llige n t for e man Sig n or C A S T ELL A N I

, ,

who sai d th at he had i n de e d r e ad o f s uch gobl e ts b ut t h at b e r egar ded

,

it as a fabl e But whe n I e xpl ai n e d to him what had occ ur r e d to me he

.
,

said th at it was pe r fe ctly possibl e , b ut that t he g r e at e xpe n se o f makin g

s uch obj e cts would pr obably make t he m an ufactur e pr actically impossible .

Ap r o p o s o f which I may me n tio n th at tho se who wo uld i n vestig ate t he

c ur iositi e s o f gl ass e spe ci ally the ar t o f m aki n g it m all e abl e m a n d a g r eat
, y ,

De A r t e V i t r ar ia ( Amste r dam ) an d its Ge r man

de al i n A N e vi
.
, ,

tr an sl ati o n o f 1 6 7 8 ( which c o n t ai n s a ch apte r W ie die Malle abilit at dem

,

Gl ase be yge b r acht we r de n kOn n e

I t is p r ob abl e that t he c e l e br ate d cup o f Dj e mschid in Pe r si an stor y
, ,

which showe d o n its s ur fac e all th at p asse d in the wo r ld owe d its origi n ,
-

to the se Chi n e se bottle s .

 C H A PTE R X V .

G Y P S Y A M U L ETS .

K wm y
ne an m u l t d ch m
an a e an ar

Which w u ld do ith g d
o ne h m er oo n or ar ,

I
n R sic u ci
o r l an l d
or e as e ar n e

A s h th t
e a d pt u
o cr a d H D E
e s e ar n e . U I RA s .

IT H pl e asan t plausibility
H E I N E has tr ace d the
o r igi n o f o n e ki n d o f

fai r y lore to the asso -

ciat io n s an d fe e li n gs
whic h we fo r m for
famili ar o bj e cts A .

co i n a p e n k n i fe a
, ,

p e bbl e whi ch has lo n g ,

b e e n carri e d i n t he
po cket or wor n by an y
on e s e e ms t o b e come
,

imbued with his or he r

e r so n ality sho ld
u x ct to h e f om ? it
p . e
pe ar r an
 232 GYP S Y O
S R CER Y .

happe n ed that swords which had bee n en ch an t e d o r which had take n lives , ,

we r e s upp o se d t o h av e som e i n d we lli n g i n t e llige n c e H e n c e also t he .

n ames given to s wo r ds ,an d i n d e e d t o all we apo n s b y t he Nors e me n ,

It .

was beli e v e d th at t he swor d o f an exec u ti on e r afte r it had be he ade d a ,

c er t ai n n u mbe r o f m en ,
pi n ed for mor e victims an d m an i fe sted its desire ,

by un e ar thly r attli n g or r i n gi n g A pr opos o f which I h ave i n my po sse ssion

.

su ch a gr ue some impl e me n t , which i f e xper i e n ce i n d e ath could give i t

Qli fe or make it ri n g i n t he sil e n t watche s of t he n ight wo uld b e a ghastly
, , ,

n oisy
g ue st i n d e e d. I o n c e t o ld t he st or y i n

T he Gypsies ( B osto n ,

1 88 1) n o w I h av e so me thi n g t o add t o it I had me t in Lo n do n with

.

I n di an gypsy n ame d NA N O who i n for m e d me t hat i n I n di a he had

an ,

bel o n ged t o a wan d e r i n g t r ibe o r r ace who c all e d the mse lv e s Ro m o r ,

Ro man i who spo ke Ro m an i j i b an d who we r e t he Gypsi e s o f t he Gypsi e s

, ,
.

I have i n my posse ssi o n a st r an ge H i n d u kn i fe wit h an e n or mousl y

b r o a d bl a d e six
, i n ch e s a c r oss t o w ar ds t he e n d w ith a lo n g h a n
,
dl e r i chl y
moun te d in br on ze with a littl e silv e r I n e v e r could asce rt ai n till I
.

kn e w N A N O wh at it had be e n u se d for Ev e n t he Old ki n g o f O ud e

. ,

whe n he e x ami n e d it we n t wro n g an d was u n c e rt ai n

,
No t so t he gypsy . .

W he n he was i n my lib r ar y an d his ke e n bl ack e ye s r e ste d o n it h e

, ,

st udi e d it fo r a mome n t an d th e n s aid :

,

I k n o w we ll e n o ugh th at
kn i fe . I have !se e n it be for e ; it is ve r y o ld an d it was lon g i n use i t ,


was t he k n i fe use d by t he publi c e x e c utio n e r i n Bho t an It is B hotan i . .

NA N O had vol un t e e re d t he e xpl an atio n an d wh at e v e r his mor a l ,

c h ar act e r might b e he was n ot give n to r o m an tic i n ve n tio n

, Tim e .

p ass e d , I w ent t o A m e r ic a , st a y e d ther e fo u r y e ars a n d r et ur n e d I n ,

.

1 8 8 8 I b e c am e a m e mb e r o f t he N atio n al A sso ci atio n fo r t he A dv an c e m e n t

of A r t an d was o n t he Ce n tr al C ommitt e e
, O n e day we had a m ee ti n g
.

at t he ho u se o f a disti n gu ish e d ar chit e ct W h e n it was over my hos t

.
,

showe d me his m an y t r e asur e s o f ar t or ar ch ae ology W hile e xami n i n g

,
.

these my atte n tio n was attr act e d by an I n di an k n i fe It was pre cis e ly lik e
, .

mi n e but smaller
, . I aske d what it was an d l e ar n e d th at it had lon g
,

bee n use d i n s ome pl ace i n t he E ast fo r t he exp r e ss p ur pose o f s ac r i

 G YP S Y A M UL E TS . 2 33

cin g youn g gi r ls A n d i n all r e spe cts it was wh at we might ca ll

.

t he fe mi n i n e coun t e r par t o f my k n i fe A n d if I e ve r had an y li n ge r i n g

.

doubt as to t he ac cur acy o f NA No s accoun t it disappear ed whe n I saw

t he o n e wh o s e histo r y was pe r fe ctly auth e n tic A fe w y ear s ago i n .

H e ide lbur g the r e we r e sold at au cti o n a g r e at n umber o f exe cutio n ers

swor ds some o f which had bee n used for ce n t ur i e s A ge n tleman who

, .

h a d a sp e ci al d s
fo n n e s for t his ki n d o f br i ch br a c had fo r man y year s -
,

coll e cte d the m .

I t may b e h e r e obse r ved th at t he hm f e fo r ms a s e ci al fe at ure i n

p
all witch l o r e an d occ ur s e ue n t l a mo n g t he H u n gar i an an d It ali an
q y
-

gypsy char ms or spe lls It is sometim e s st uck i n to a t abl e whil e a spe ll

, .
,

is m utte red pr ot e sti n g that it is n ot t he wood which o n e wishe s to hurt

, ,

but t he he art o f an e n e my H e r e t he kn i fe is suppose d i n r eality to

.

hav e an i n d we lli n g spi r it which will pass t o t he he ar t or he alth of the

o n e h at e d I n Tam O Shan t e r th e r e is a k n i fe o n t he witch e s table

.
,

a n d i n T r an sylv an i a as i n T us , can y a n e w k n i fe n o t an old o n e is used

, , ,

i n d i ver s c e r e mo n i e s Sometim e s an o ld an d curi o us k n i fe be comes an

.

amu l e t an d is s uppose d t o b r i n g l uck alth o ugh the c u r r e n t b e li e f is th at

,

an
y poi n t e d gi ft c au s e s a q ua r r e l .

But t o r e t ur n to t he fe tish or pocke t de ity which is wo r n in so m an y -

for ms b e th e y wr itte n scr o lls c r osses m e dals or r e lics cast t out un

, , , .

Con ti n e n tal gypsi e s ar e n ot abl e b e lie ve rs i n amulets Be i n g i n a camp .

of ver y wild Cigan y i n H un gary a fe w years ago I asked them ,

wh at the y wore fo r ba ht or l uck ; whe r eupo n th e y all p r oduce d small

,

se ash e lls which I was ass ur ed we re poten t agai n st o r di n ary misfor tun e s
, .

But for a babe which was r eally ill the y had pr ovide d an app r e ci able

d ose in the form o f th r e e Mari a The r esa silv e r do ll ars which we r e ,

h un g roun d its n e ck but hidde n un de r its clothe s

, A n d I may h e re .

r e m ark that all through m an y l an ds e ve n i n to the heart of A i ca ,

'

t his partic ul ar d o ll ar is held i n h i gh este em for m agi cal p u r

p o se s .

From on e to an ot her the n otion has been tr an sferred an d tr avell e rs an d ,

t raders ar e o fte n puz z l e d to k n ow why the savages will h av e n o coi n

3 2
2 34 G YP S Y S R CER Y O .

s ave this F r om Russi a t o t he C ap e it is t he s ame st o r y an d on e t o b e

.
,

spe ci ally studie d by those e th n ol ogists who do n o t be li e ve in t r an smissi o n ,

an d h o ld th at myths an d l e g e n ds ar e o f l o cal gr owth an d ac co u n te d fo r

by simil ar lo c al co n diti o n s .

The gyp si e s we r e v e r y d e si r o us t o k n o w what my ch ar m was .

For t un ate ly I had in my p o cke t a ve r y n e fossil shar k s t o o th which I

had p ur chase d in W hitby an d this was g r e atly ad mi r e d by t he l e ar n e d

,

o f t he t r ib e Mi n d ful o f go o d e x ampl e I o bt ai n e d fo r m y s e l f spe ci me n s

.
,

o f t he mystic she lls fo r e s e e i n g th at th e y wo uld a n s we r as p asse s an d sig n s

,

amo n g t he fr at e r n ity i n G e r m an y an d e ls e wh e r e W hi ch i n d e e d cam e .

, ,

t o p ass a fe w d ays a o in t he t o wn o f H o mb ur g whe n l oo ki n g fr o m my

g
-

wi n d ow i n t he Sch we de n pfad I saw t wo ve r y h o n e st l ooki n g gypsi e s go -

by . Walki n g for th I j o i n e d the m an d le d the m i n t o a g ar de n wh e r e

, , ,

ove r b e e r an d cig ar s we discusse d t he affai r s o f E gypt The s e

Ro m an ys we r e fr o m t he Ty r o l an d had t he fr an k b o ld m an n e r o f t he
,

mou n t ai n me n bl e n d e d wi th t he n atu r al p olite n e ss o f t he b e tte r cl ass o f

-

gypsy I had t ake n with me in my po cke t for e se e i n g its use a small bag
.
, ,

o r p ur se c o n t ai n i n g a n as so r tm e n t o f obj e cts s uc h as wo uld h av e p u zz l e d

,

an body e xc e pt
y a R e d I n di a n a n e gr o o r a
,
n
y b e li e ve r i n ,
m e da oli n or

V ood o o or my n e w acq uai n t an ce ; a n d aft e r a c o n v e r sati o n o n dzi r hepe n

,

( i n An gl o gy sy
p du-
hh er i n
)
, o r fo r t u n e t e lli n g I ask e d t he m e n wh at th e
, y
wor e . Th e y wi she d t o se e my am ul e ts r st SO I p r o d uce d t he she lls ; .

which we r e at o n ce r e cog n i z e d an d gr e atly admi r e d e sp e cially o n e whi c h , ,

is so me thi n g o f a cur i o sity si n ce i n its n at ur al m ar ki n gs is t he wo r d

,

NAV ve r y pl ai n ly i n sc r ibe d Na v in gyp sy m e an i n g ,

t he n am e , .

The e lde r gypsy said he had n o ch ar m ; he had l o n g b e e n s e e ki n g a

good o n e but had n ot as y e t me t with t he cor r e ct ar t icl e A n d the n
, .

h e b e gge d me g r aci o us p owe rs ho w he di d b e g t o b e st o w o n him

,

o n e o f my sh e lls r .

I e solve d t o do so b u t at an o the r tim e .

T he y o un g e r gypsy who was a pa sche pa she r o a mu sici an an d had

,
-
, ,

with him a r ar e Old vi o li n i n a wo n de r fully c ar v e d wo ode n c as e at l e ast

was H e had hi s

t wo c e n t ur i e s o ld

all r ight
, on t he fe tish q u e sti o n .
 3 6 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

an d said it was H un g ar i an g y psy am ul e t for la bon n e for t un e She

a .

b e gan e arn e stl y fo r it with o ut ge tti n g it

,
O n se ver al occasi o n s
.

at lon g i t
n er av ls w enh ,
I me t h e r i n t h e st r e e t s he ag a i
,
n impl o r ed m e

for the t r e asure s ayi n g th at she b e li e ve d

,

i f she had it he r l u ck would ,

t ur n to fgood .

A nd b i
e n g ,
co n vi n c e d o f h e r gypsyism I sa id It ,
w ill ,

d yo u n
o good u l e ss o u h a v e
f a i t h To w hi c h s h e r e pli e d i n a
o n
y . ,

to n e which i n dic ate d tr uth itse l f

But I ha v e faith abso l ute e n ti r e ,

f a ith i n it . W h i ch se e i n g a n d ,
n di n g th at sh e w a s a t r u e c o n v e r t
to th e po we r o f t he h o ly S h e ll I g a v
,
e it t o h e r w ith my bl e ssi n g ,

kn owi n g that it wo uld be a j oy an d comfo r t t o he r in all t he tr i al s

o f li fe .

This r e mi n ds me th at I h ave se e n an d i n de e d posse ss a pe ar l , ,

shell be ar i n g t he im age of Sai n t Fr an cis of Assisi such as is s old b y ,

t hous an ds at his shr i n e an d which ar e s uppo se d t o p osse ss ce r t ai n

,

mi r ac ul o u s i n n at e or i n tr i n si c v ir t ue s Thus i f wo r n by childr e n th e y
.
, ,

a r e a c ur e fo r c r o u p A h . b ut t ha t is a v ery di ffe r e n t thi n g y o u ,

kn ow .

A n idol is an O bj e ct ge n e r ally an im age wor shippe d for its ow n

, ,

sak e bei n g s uppose d to n ot on ly r e pr e se n t a god but t o have so me ,

imman e n t san ctity The C ath o li c pr i e st an d fo r th at

.
, matte r all
B r ahmi n s or bo n z e s assur e us th at t he i r sac r e d image s ar e
,
o n ly
symbols ,n ot r e gar d e d as r e ally d we lli n g pl ac e s o f -
divi n ity Th e y ar e .

n ot , so t o sp eak m ag n i e d am ul e ts Ye t ho w is it th at if this be t r u e
, .
, ,

so m an im a g e s d pict u s g d d d p t d by p i s t s
y a n r e ar e r e a r e an r e r e e n e rs e a s

be i n g able of t he mse lv es by t he t ouch to cur e t ooth ach e an d all o t he r -

,

ills which e sh an d b on e s ar e h e i r s t o W hy is on e imag e espe ci all y .

good fo r tooth ache while a n ot her O f t he sam e pe r so n cur e s cr amp

-
,
?

W hy i f the y ar e all o n ly symbols is o n e m or e h e ali n g or hol y

,

,

th an an ot he r ? H ow can ou r Lad y of E mb r un b e o f gr eate r aid th an

o ur Lady O f Par is ? The i n st an t we ascr ib e t o an im age o r a sh e ll r e a l
powe r to act we make o f it an i n spir e d b e in g in itse l f an d all t he
, ,

sop histr y i n t he wo r ld as t o its b e i n g a m e an s o f faith o r a symbol , or ,

 G YP S Y A M I/
L E TS 23 7

c ausi n g a highe r powe r t o act o n t he suppli an t is r ubbish The de v o t e e ,

.

be li e ve s t out bon n e men t th at t he i mage wo r ks t he c ur e an d if he did n ot , ,

an o th e r im ag e o f t he V i r gi n o r Sai n t wo u ld an s we r t he s am e p u r pos e
y .

This chaff has b e e n thr ashe d out a thousan d tim e s o r man y te n s o f

o a n m e
th s d ti s i n v ai n as v ai n so far as e ffe cts go as is t he r e m ar k
u ,

a bly pl ai n Fi r st C omm an dm e n t A n d it will l ast whil e o n e fe tish .

,

e n d ur e s that t he hi e r ophan t will call it a me r e

,

s y mbol an d t he ,

ig n or an t wo r shippe r abso l ut e ly u n abl e to c ompr e he n d him w i ll wor shi p

, ,

t he symbol as t he thi n g its e lf as he is r e ally e xpe ct e d t o do

Ac c o r di n g to J B FR I E D R I C H
S ymbo lik de r Nat u r
. . t he se a , ,

she ll on ac co u n t o f its be i n g a p r od uct o f the se a o r o f t he all

, ,

ge n e r ati n g m o i stu r e ; an d m uch m o r e p r obably fr om its shape is an ,

e mbl e m of wo m an he r se l f Th e r e fo r e as Ve n us Lo v e s godde ss was

.
, ,

bo r n o f t he se a sh e lls ar e de dicate d t o he r ,

M use o B our b o n ico . ,

vo l

. vi p 10 . K U G L ER
.

Han d buch Ge schi cht e de r M al e r e i Be r li n
.
, , ,

1 8 37 vo l
, iv p 3 1 1 . Als o t r an sl at e d by Sir H A U S T I N LA Y A R D )
. . . . .

B e i n g o n e o f t he gr e at e mbl e ms of p r o ductive N at u r e o r o f li fe an d ,

light an d op po se d t o bar r e n n e ss abse n c e o f pl e as ur e dar k n e ss or n e ga

, , , ,

ti o n it was o f cour se a char m agai n st witchcr aft o r e vil Th at t he

, .

gypsie s h ave r e t ai n e d it as a po we r I l age n t fo r
l uck is e xtr e me ly ,

i n te r e sti n g sho wi n g t o what a de gr e e the y ar e stil l i n ue n ce d by t he

,

e ar ly symbolis m which e ffe ctiv e l

y for m e d n o t on e b ut m an y m y t ho lo

gi e s . Amo n g t he H u n g ar i an gypsi e s t he vi r tue o r m agic al po we r o f

a sh e ll is i n pr opor ti on t o t he d e gr e e o f r e se mblan c e above m e n tio n e d ,

which it p o sse sse s as W lislo cki e xp r e ssly d e cl ar e s

, .

This asso ci ati o n o f she lls with t he myst e r i ous an d m agical is t o , ,

be fo u n d am o n g gypsi e s i n t he E ast as is sh o wn by t he fo ll o wi n g
fro m my wo r k e n title d
The Gypsi e s It desc r i be s so me thi n g which 1 .

saw m an y tim e s i n C ai r o

B y d th d e whichonwh p d g v this sight w

e d k
oo r i t , en o ene , a e , as a ar , an c e n

ar ch w y t w ty y ds l g which p d
a , en th gl i g d u sty st t wh
ar c m l
on , o ene on e ar n , ree , e re a e s

w i th th i d iv s d sc
e r mi g c ig u
r er s d d k y b y s d c yi g
, an rea n sass or ar r a e - r n n er an on e -
o an r n
2 38 G YP SY SCP CE P I :

ve n d ers
p k pt
t d
e O i tt
ludi Bu t
t he i t h ch
wo n
w y i its d u ski
e st c r en a n . n e ar a ,
n e or n e r ,

th ere t i sil c
sa d imm v bl
n livi g pict u d k h ds m w m
en e an f
o a e, a n re a ar ,
an o e o an , o

t hi ty y
r s wh w u v il d Sh h d b f h
e ar , o as th g twy n es que f
. e a e or e er on e a e a oo r , a ar e o

cl th d f w sh ll S m tim
o an a e Egypti f th
e l w cl ss st pp d
s . o d th e es an an o e o er a o e , an e re

w u ld b
o g v c s u lt ti
e a Sh w ra f tu
e t ll
on d f m t h p siti s w hich
a on . e as a or n e- e er, an ro e o on

th e sh lls ssu m d wh th w h p dict d wh t w u ld c m t p ss A d t h

e a e en ro n s e re e a o o e o a . n en

th ere w u ld b l m c f c
o e d th u ght ful st ki g f t h b d i f t h
a so e n on eren e an a o ro n o e e ar ,
e

a p plic t w an m d th th
as u s u l p ym t t t h
a an , cl an d d p tu en e a a en o e or a e, an a e ar re .

A d it w
n ll w ld ld p im v l Egy pti
as a or it w Ch ld -
o f th w m r w e a an , as as a e an
a ,
or e o an as

a Rh g i gy psy d
a ar n , h ort t th divi s f ci t d ys by t h w ysid
,
an as s e sa so sa e n er O an en a e a e,

c sti g sh lls f u spic s v

a n e ws w
or a st f Old t b c u s d by I s l
e ,
e en as ar r o ere ca o ,
o e r e r ae .

I t is t m k bl th t m g t h my i d m t i

no re ar f Old
a d ys th e sh u l d
a a on e r a an e as o en a ere o

h v be
a e by h lls T h s u d f t h
en on e whs h d i
e u til u s
. c ch e o n o e se a en e ar n a na or on

i m v ll u sly
s ar lik th t f c
e o su g s mu m u i g f

e a o o e an r e r r n ar .

Sh k e me d it
a pply
an aw a
k e n s th e n a

I ts p lish d lips t y u tt tiv

o e o o r a en e c ar ,

A d it
n m e mb e s its u g u st b d s
re r a a o e

A d mu mu s
n the c a m u m u s th e
r r as o e n r r re .

A ll of
this is ve ry str an ge t o childr e n an d n ot l e ss so t o all
u n s o phistic at e d fo lk an d I can r e me mbe r how i n bo yhood I was t o ld
,

an d liste n e d with p e r fe ct faith t o t he dist an t r o ar i n g an d m ar v e ll e d at ,

t he myst e r y of t he o ce an s on g b e i n g th us for e ve r ke pt aliv e i n l an d .

The n e xt ste p t o this is t o h e ar i n t he se a m ur m ur i n g some thi n g like -

v o ic e s an d this is as cu r i o u s as it is t r ue that if t he mi n d b e e ar n e stly

,

iv e n t o it a n d t he p r o ce ss b e co n ti n ue d fo r a l o n g time d ur i n g se v e r al
g ,

d ays man y p e r son s an d pr o b ably all in time will c o me t o disti n guish or

, , ,

he ar hu m an utte r an ce s an d e v e n t ually wo r ds The r e is n o spe ci al fai t h .

r e q u i r e d h e r e ; t he mi n d e ve n o f t he most sc e ptic al o r u n im agi n ati ve will

o ft e n t ur n b ack o n its e l f an d by dI n t o f m e r e p e r se ve r an ce p r o du ce s u ch ,

e ffe cts A n o ld pit c he r or j ug o f a p e c uli ar s hap e is also d e cl ar e d t o b e

.

admi r ably ad apt e d fo r thi s pur p ose an d I h ave o n e o f E li zabe th s time

w hich was t r awl e d up fr om t he se a n e ar Lowe st o ft which wo uld fu ll

e v e r y r e q uisiti o n .

I n 1 8 8 6 I was by m o o n ligh t in a camp o f gypsi e s i n t he Old Roman

a mphith e at r e n e ar B ud ap e st It was a v e r y pict ur e s que sight wh at with .
,
240 G YP S Y S R CER Y O .

simil e s fo r ve r y p oe t That the s e vo ice s should b e th ose o f S pir its is a

e .

n at ur al fo ll owi n g So t he l ast H e br e w o r acl e t he B ath Kol or D aughte r

.
, ,

o f t he V oic e s ur v ive s i n she lls an d live s i n gypsy l o r e A n d so we n d

,
-
.

i n r ags an d patch e s o n t he gar m e n ts o f Egypti an fe l lahi n the e dg e s o f

Phar aoh s gar me n t which in olde n tim e it was an ho n o ur fo r ki n gs to

kiss .

De ce pti o n o f this ki n d by me an s o f v o ice s appar e n tly super n atur al is o f

, ,

r e at an ti q uity T h e high p r i e st S av an the A sm u n ian o f Egypt is said t o

g .
, ,

h ave us e d ac o ustic t ube s for this pur po se an d it is v e r y e vid e n t t hat t he lon g

,

c or r id or s or passage s in t he sto n e t e mple s m ust have sugge ste d it as we ll as

whispe r i n g gall e r i e s The H e br e w Cabalists ar e be lie v e d t o h ave m ade o n e
.

for m O f t he myste ri o us Te r aphim by t aki n g t he he ad o f a child an d so pr e

par i n g i r by m agic c e r e m o n i e s that whe n i n te r r ogate d it would r e ply The se .

c e r e m o n i e s c o n sist e d i n fact o f skil i ll ad usti n g a ph o n e tic t ube t o t he h e ad

y j .

It is ve r y pr o bable that t he wide ly spr e ad r e p ort o f this o r acle gave r ise t o t he

-

be li e f that t he Je ws sl aughte r e d an d sac r ice d childr e n E liphaz Levi or .
,

t he Abb Co n st an t a wr it e r o f n o we ight whate ve r as an auth or ity b ut n ot

, ,

de void o f e r uditi o n an d with o ccasion al shr e wd i n sights give s it as his

, ,

b e li e f th at the t e r r ibl e m u r de r s o f hu n dre ds o f childr e n by Gille s de Re t z

t he absu r dly so call e d o r igi n al o f B l ue be ar d we r e s ugge st e d by a r e cipe for
- -

san gu i n ar y sor ce r y dr awn o m som e He br e w Cabali stical bo ok Ni ce phor us

,
-
.

( L ib .
7 c 33). a n d C e d r e n u s a s cit e d by
, G r o si us i n his M agic a t e l l
u s th at whe n Co n st an tin e was ill a n u mbe r o f childr e n we r e c o ll e ct e d to b e

s l ai n th at t he e mp e r o r might b ath e in th e i r bl o od
( g
i n u o s i se I mp er a t or

a bluer et cer t o r e cupe r a r et an d th at b e c au s e he was mov e d by t h e t e ars o f

, ) ,

th e i r m o ther s to spare the i r live s was re stor e d t o h e alth by t he sai n ts It se e ms

, .

t o hav e e sc ape d the att e n ti o n o f wr it e r s th at at t he v e r y tim e duri n g t he

Middle A ges whe n t he Je ws we r e be i n g most bitte r ly pe r secute d for

o ffe r i n g child r e n at t he Passover it was r eally a common t hi n g amon g
,

Christ ian s to sacr ice childr en maids or gr own up peopl e by bur yi n g

, ,
-
,

the m alive un de r t he foun datio n s o f castles & c t o i n sur e t he ir stability , .

,

a ghastly sacr ice which in after tim e s took t he for m of walli n g up a

,
- -
 G YP S Y A M ULE TS . 24 1

cock an d n ally an e gg But om an impar tial an d common se n se

.
-

stan dpoi n t t he r e could be n o di ffe r e n ce be t we e n t he sacr ice of a child

,

by a Cab alist an d t he tor tu r i n g an d b ur n i n g wit che s an d he r e ti cs by

eccl e si astics un l e ss i n dee d that t he l atte r was t he wicke de r o f t he t wo
, , , ,

si n ce t he babe s we re simply pr omptly kill e d while t he I n quisit o r s put thei r

,

vict ims t o de ath with e ve r y r e n e me n t o f m e n t al an d physical tort ur e B ot h

-
.

C abalist an d p r iest we r e simply e n gage d i n di ffe r e n t for ms o f o n e an d t he

same fe tish wor k which had be e n han de d down from the d ays o f witch
-

cr aft Nor did Calvi n whe n he bur n t Se r v e tus di ffe r i n an ythi n g fr o m a

.
, ,

V oodoo sacr ici n g a go at with o ut hor n s .

Pun i shi n g a he r e tic t o ple ase or pl acate t he De ity di ffe r s i n n othi n g

om killi n g an y victi m t o ge t l u ck
-
O th e r se n time n ts may b e mi n gl e d
.

with this co nj ur i n g b ut t he tr ue fou n datio n o f bl ack witchcr aft ( an d

,

all witchcr aft is bl ack which c alls for bloo d suffe r i n g star vati o n an d t he
, , ,

sacr ice o f n at u r al i n sti n cts ) is t he m o rt ar of t he fe ar o f pun ishm e n t an d

, ,

t he sto n e s o f t he h o e o f r e war d t he b ulk of t he l att e r be i n g imm e as ur ably

p ,

gr e ate r than that o f t he for me r which is a me r e B i n demi t t e l or me an s of

, ,

con n e cti o n .

It is r e mar k abl e that n owhe r e n ot e ve n i n E n glan d do t he gypsie s

, ,

r e g ar d t he witch as u tt e r ly h or r ibl e diabo li cal an d dam n abl e She is with

, , .

the m simply a wo man who has gai n e d su pe r n at ur al po we r which she ,

u se s for g o od o r misuse s for evil accor di n g t o he r dispositio n The .

witch of t he Ch ur ch Catholic o r Pr ote stan t wh e n closely e xami n e d is
a v e r y childish co n ceptio n .She se ts for th pe r so n al an n oy an ce wit ho ut

an y r e g ar d wh ateve r as t o wh e the r it is r e ally good i n disgu ise o r a

n at ur al r e s u lt o f o ur own folli e s Th us wit che s cause d th un de r stor ms
.
-
,

which be cause th e y wer e te r r i fyi n g an d mor e or l e ss de structive were

, ,

se r iously tr e at e d by t he Ch ur ch as un mitigat e d e vils the r e for e as phe n om e n a ,

dir e ctly due t o t he de vil an d his se r v an ts Th e ology t he om n isci e n t did

.

n ot k n ow that stor ms cl e ared t he air W itches we r e r e spon sibl e for all

.

p e st ile n ces an d v e r y oft e n for all disor de r s of an y ki n d as it was ver y
,

con ve n ie n t for t he ign oran t leech t o att r ibute t o sorcer y or mor al deli n que n cy
33
24 2 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

or to God, a disease he could n ot cur e For Theology t he scien ce

which .
,

o f scie n ce s had n ot as yet ascertai n e d that pl ague s an d bl ack deaths
, ,

an d most o f t he i lls of man are the r esults of n e glect of cl e an li n ess ,

te mpe r an ce an d o the r san itary l aws I t is on ly a fe w ye ar s si n ce a very

,
.

emi n e n t cl e r gym an an d pr eside n t of a coll e ge i n A me r ica at tr ibuted to

Divi n e dispe n satio n t he de aths o f a n umbe r of st ude n ts which wer e ,

di r e ctly due t o palp abl e n egle ct of pr ope r san itary ar ran geme n ts by the
r e v ere n d ge n tl e man him self an d his colleagues , B ut admitti n g t he .
,

divi n e dispe n satio n acco r di n g to t he me di e val theory t he pr esid e n t as

, , ,

t he age n t m ust h ave be e n a

,
wi z ard or
conj ur or a del usion which t he
most super ci al e xami n atio n of his wor ks wo uld at on ce dissipate But .

to r etur n ther e can be n o de n ial what e ve r that accor di n g t o what is
admitte d t o be absol ut e ly tr ue to day by ever ybody be he orthodox or
-
,

liber al witches had the y exist e d m ust h ave be en age n ts Of God busie d
, , , ,

in p r eve n ti n g plague s i n ste ad o f causi n g them b y r aisi n g stor ms which
cle are d t he air E ve n t he A lgon ki n I n di an s kn e w mor e than t he Chur ch
.

in this r espect fo r they have a str an ge o ld l e ge n d t o the e ffe ct t hat when

,

the god of Stor ms Wuch ow sen the gi an t eagl e was hi n der ed by a

,
- -
, ,

magici an from his accustomed wor k t he se a an d air gr e w stagn an t an d , ,

e opl e died The w

1
itch w as S imply an o the r fo rm o f the He br e w Az rael
p .
,

God s A n gel of Death

.

W hich may all lead t o t he question I f a be li e f i n witche s as utte r ly

evil servan ts of t he devil could b e he ld as an imm utable dogma o f t he
f
Church an d a matte r o te n l t th for ete r n al belie f t o p r ove which
e r a r u
the r e is n o e n d of i n ge n ious ar gume n t an d an appalli n g array o f e ccle si
ast i cal auth o r ity cit e d i n the bl ack l e tte r Liber de Sor t ile gi is of PA U L U S
-

G R I L L A NDU S n ow lyi n g be fo r e me ( Lyo n s

,
as we ll as i n t he wor ks
,

of S P R E N G ER B O D I N U S, D E L R IO an d t,
he W itch b u ll
, o f P o pe I c
n n o en t an d
-

i f this be li e f be n ow e xplod e d eve n amon g the p r i e st s wh at p r oof hav e we ,

t hat a ny o f the dogm as which we n t with it ar e absolut e ly an d for e v e r true ?

This is t he q ue stio n o f dogmat i k ver sus de v e lopm e n t or evol utio n an d witch

, ,

S th
ee A lg ki e L g ds
f N w E gl d
on n e en by Ch l s G L l d
o e n an ,

ar e . e an .
24 4 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

tem porar y forms esse n ce s or an gels

, , , as the C ab alists te r m e d t he

succe ssiv e o ff casti n gs o f H is m an i fe st atio n s

-
.

In B i g s d i cti s st m
e n

oo , n a on

or

I w k d w vb v b
or an th ea e a o e, enea ,

W k dw v i
or an dl ss m ti ea e n en e o on

B i th d d th
r an i it c ea , an n n e o e an

A s i z i g d givi g
e n an n

Th f t h livi g
e re o e n .

T i th u s t t h i g l m f T im I ply

s a e r o ar n oo o e

A d w v f
n G d t h g m t th u s st H i m
ea e or o e ar en o ee

No w ther e ar e i n n ite n umbe r s of th e se gar me n ts but n on e o f ,

the m ar e GO D tho ugh t he C hur ch d e cl ar e d t h at wh at the y had o f the m

,

we r e tr u ly D ivi n e So Or ie n t al p r i n ces s e n t th e i r old cloth e s to dist an t

.

pr o vi n ce s to be wor shippe d as GE S S L ER se n t his hat : it is an o ld old

,
r
,

st or y an d o n e which will be lo n g r e pe ate d i n m an y l an ds

,
.

I have n ot far b ack men tion e d a wor k o n witchcr aft by P A UL U S

, ,

G R I L L A NDU S . I t s full titl e is Tr a ct at us de Her et i ci s e t sor t i legi i s omn i ,

f a r i a m C o i t i o e o r u mq u e pe n i s I t e m de
Q uest i on i bus e t
. Tor t ur a a c de

R ela x a t i on e Ca r cer at or um th at is in br i e f a wor k on H e r etics W itches , , ,

bre ake r s o f t he Se ve n th Comm an dm e n t o f all ki n ds E xami n atio n by ,

Tor ture an d Impr iso n me n t

, It was a l e adi n g v a de mecum or st an dar d
.
,

guide i n its time for l awye rs an d t he cl e r gy e spe ci ally t he l att e r an d

, , ,

r e ads as i f it had c o me 0m t he librar y o f h e ll an d be e n wr itt e n by

-
,

a de vil th ough comp o se d accor di n g to t he pr e face t o pr omote the

, , ,

dig n ity an d glor y o f t he Chr istian C hur ch I can we ll be liev e th at a .

se n sitive h um a n e per s o n c o uld be r ea lly m adde n e d by a pe r usal an d full

comp r e h e n si on o f all the di abolical hor r or s which this b ook r e v e als an d t he ,

glimpses which it gives o f wh at m ust h av e bee n e n d ur ed lit e r ally by million s

witch e s an d all me n o r wom e n me r e ly a ccuse d b y an y body

o f h e re tics an d ,

o f an

n d of

k i immo r ality esp ci ally o f he r e sy I s sp e cted or

y e s u
, a
y .

a cc use d for eithe r was suf ci e n t to subjec t a v ictim t o hor r ible agon ie s
un til he o r she c o n fe ss e d W h at is most r e volti n g is t he c al m icy c old
.
,
-
 G YP SY A M UL E TS. 24 5

b looded man n e r in which t he most

i n fern al cr uelti e s ar e c ar e fully
awful,

d uisc ssed as for i n st an ce i f o n e has al r e ad y had an y limbs am putated

, ,

fo r pun ishm e n t wheth e r furth e r t o r t ur e s may the n be i n ict ed ? It is

absol u t e ly a r e li e f to n d th at amon g the six ki n ds o f pe rso n s le ally
g
e x e mpt e d fr o m the ra ck & c t he r e ar e on ly si x an d these do n o t i n cl ude
,
.

i n valids ar e pr e gn an t wo me n But such to uches o f common h uman ity

.

ar e r ar e i n de e d i n it I do n ot ex aggerate i n t he l e ast whe n I say th at

.

t he wh o l e spirit o f this w
or k which faith fully r e e cts the whole spi r it
of t he

j ustic e o f t he Middle Ag e s i n clin e s i n a fe r ocious wolsh .
,

m an n er to ext e n d an d multiply p un ishm e n t of t he m ost horribl e ki n ds to

e ve r y small o ffe n c e ag ai n st
the Ch ur ch t o m an ufact ur e an d i n cr ease
cr ime as i f it we r e c apital for b usi n ess an d e n l ar ge t he S phe r e of tort ure
,

so as to cr eate powe r an d awe .

Nous avon s cha nge t out cela say the de sce n d an ts of t hose e n ds i n
,

h uman for m . B ut i f it was wro n g t he n why did y o u do it i f y o u

we r e i nf a lli ble i n spi r e d j udge s ? A n d i f y ou n ow be lieve that to be

a t r oci ous which was on ce holy an d a vast o r tio n o f y o ur whol e system

p
, ,

how can y ou say th at t he Ch ur ch doe s n o t follow the l a ws o f e vol utio n

an d p r og re ss an d i f so wh e r e will it stop ?
, It is a cur io us r ee cti on that
if t he Pope an d C ardi n als Of 1 8 9 0 had liv e d four h un dr ed ye ars ago they
would ( with the exce pti o n pe r h aps o f the S pan i ar ds ) hav e all be e n bur n ed
, ,

a liv e for h e r e sy . Which is lite r all y tr ue .

W ithi n a min ute s walk fr om wh e r e I sit an d i n dee d visible from

,

my wi n dow i n this to wn of Hombur g vor de r H Ohe ar e t wo r oun d ,

towe rs o f oth e r days gr im an d pictur e sque r elics of the ear ly Middle
A ge s O n e is c al l e d t he Hexen t hur m or W itche s Towe r I n it

. .

ypsies w itch es an d her e tics we r e co n n e d i t was t he hot e l spe ci ally

g , ,

r ese r ved fo r the m whe n the y visited H ombur g an d i n its cells which ,

ar e of the small e st betwee n walls o f the thickest I or you r eader , , ,

might be con n ed t o day b ut for o n e M A R T I N L U T H ER an d certai n

-
,

laws o f e vol utio n o r p r ogr ess o f which Paulus G r i llan dus did n o t
d r e am .
24 6 G YP S Y O
S R CE R Y .

A I was ske t chi n g t he tower an old

s ,
woman told me th at the re
we re m an y st r an ge t al e s abou t it Th at I . can we ll beli e ve b ut I d are

sa
y th e y ar e all summ e d u
p i n t he followi n g ball ad fr om the Ge r m an
o f H EIN E
W TCH T HE I .

E s id wh my g
o L Ics y Eli z b w itch d
a en r an n a e e ,

Sh m u st di f
e h h id t sg ssi ; e or er or r r an re on

Mu ch i k f m his p t h Old m gist t pitch d

n ro en e a ra e e ,

Bu t h c u ld t xt t c f ssi
e o no e or a on e on .

A nd h i t h k ttl my g
w en y w th wn e e e r an n as ro n

Sh y ll d D th d Mu d ! whil dyi
e e e ea an r er e n
g;
A nd wh th bl c k m k ll u d u s w bl
en e a s o e a ar o n as ow n

As v h a s d w t yi g
ra en s e ro e an en n .

Littl bl ck g dm th f th d
e a w ll r an o er, ea e re so e ,

O h c m t t h t w wh
, o I m sitti g
e o e o er e re

n

B i g c k s d b i g ch s t m h i
r n a e an r n ee e o e ere n t he c ll
e ,

T h u gh t h irob d wi d w itti g e ron - ar r e n o n .

Littl bl ck g dm th f th d d wi
e a r an o e r, ea e re an se ,

J u t gi my u t w i g
s ve a n a ar n n ,

L t h sh u ld c m yi g
es s e d pick u t my y s
o o e n an o e e

Wh I m ily wi g i t h m i g
en err s n n e or n n .

HO R S T i n his Dwmon omagie a Hist or y o f t he B e li e f i n Magic

, ,

De m o n i ac m ar ve ls W itchcr aft & c giv e s t he p i ct ur e o f a W itch towe r

, , .
,
-
,

at Li n dh e im i n t he W e tt e r au with all its te r r ibl e hist or y ext r act e d fr o m

, ,

t he to w n ar chiv e s It is a ho r r ibl e histor y of tor tur i n g an d b ur n i n g at

.

t he st ak e o f i n n um e rabl e wo m e n o f all age s t he pr e domi n an t fe atur e ,

24 s G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

s c d t t h f i p i c ss t s h is th t i m s
In t he e on ac e l g
a r F ust r n e en er s e re e e as ar e as a ,

b u t b w ils his bs c i
e a pl i tiv v ic
a en d d p ts
e n F u st t s d c l ls f
a a n e o e an e ar . a en er an a or a

Fu i w h sh ll c
r o o y him t M tua E t
ar r th e Fu i ( witch s) wh b st t h i
o an a . n er re r os e o oa e r

po w er I . c y y u s w i
c an ftly mar r c ck i so s ys as T his is t s wi f as a oo r -
o e ,

a on e . no t

eno u gh f F u st or I y f st
a b u ll t f m gu s ys t has c da T h as e ro a n,

a e se on . e

m st a ersw s an er

A i ght g d p c r bu t t u gh f F u st T t h thi d H W f st t t h u ?
oo a e, no eno or a .

o e r

t O a ar o

A s qu ick T h u ght as o .

T h t w ill uf th a s u ght s swi ft ce T h u ght ereB m t M tu t

na so as o . e ar e o an a, o

her I l v t h p i c ss f my h t !
o e, e r n e o e ar

T h F u i t k s F u st
e h
r o b ck a d th y y th u gh t h
e a i
on Th s e van t
er a , an e ro e a r . e r

m k s
a e bf, as c itic l d s c stic m ks
e or e , r wh t h
a an p ss d d th
ar cu t i
a re ar on a as a e ,
an e r a n

f lls
a

I th thi d t t h d vil p su d s F u st t m u d his f th

n e r ac e e t i h it
er a e a o r er a er, so as o n er

his t s u s f t h ld m h
rea re ,

t u gh li f
or e I oth f u th m dd
an d by j l u sy
as a o e .

n e o r , a en e ea o ,

h st bs t h
e a p i c ss d h s u pp s d l v
e r n e Th
an sm ll s c tic s v t t k s t h
er o e o er . e a ar as er an a e e

m u d d p i by t h l gs d d gs th m b u t c cki g j k s d g i vi g t h c ps
r ere a r e e , an ra e a o , ra n o e , an n e or es

c uffs th i on s t b i g th m g i t li f
e r e ar o r n e a a n o e.

I th fth t t h cl ck st ik s l v
n e ac F u st h
, e w ll d t t h b im t h
o r e e e en. a as n o e o e r e

m su ea f his i i qu ity
re o T h d vil pp n s p v t him th t it is tim t d p t ; it
. e e a e ar ,
ro es o a e o e ar

st ik s t w lv t h sm k f li g squ ib d s v l di b lic l c ck s l ls t h i
r e e e e o e o a zz n an e era a o a re- ra er e a r,

an d F ust is c a i d w y w hil t h sm ll s v t
ar r e a s t ic l d s l f p ss ss d
a , e v
e a er an , as a an a an e -
o e e as e e r,

m k s his j k s f lly f F u st d t h c u t i f lls

a e th o e on e o o a an e r a n a .

This is t he t r ue F aust dram a of t he Mi ddl e A ge s with the an te ,

Shake spe ari an ble n di n g o f tr age d y an d r ib ald fun But this same .

e
mixt ur e is fou n d t o p r fe cti o n i n t he e ar ly I n di an dr am a for i n st an ce i n ,

Sakun t al a an d it would b e i n de e d a v e r y cu r i ous thi n g should it b e

discov e r e d that t he gypsie s who we r e i n all age s sm all act o rs an d sho wme n ,

o f sm all pl ays had b r o ught fr o m t he E ast s o m e r ud e d r am a o f a sor ce r e r

, ,

who is i n t he e n d che at e d by his e n d S uch is in a m e as ur e t he plot .

, ,

o f t he B a i t a l P a ch i si or Vi kr am a n d t he Va m p i re w hich is bo r r o we d ,

fr om or fo un de d o n old tr aditi o n s an d t he gypsi e s fr om th e i r famili ar ity , ,

with magic an d as pr actic al actor s would i n all p r o b ability h ave a

, , , ,

Faust pl ay o f some ki n d ac cor di n g to t he l aws of c ause an d e ffe ct , In .

an c ase t he s ugge sti o n may b e o f v al ue t o s o m e i n v e stig ato r

y .

Gypsies i n E n gl an d that is those o f t he old sor t r e g ar d a sh o e

st r i n g as a ki n d o f am ul e t or pr ot e ction M an y thi n k it is un l uc ky to .
 G YP S Y A M ULE TS . 24 9

h ave o n e s pho t ogr agh t ake n b ut n o har m can c o m e O f it i f t he o n e who

,

r ec e iv e s t he pict ur e giv e s t he s ubject a shoe str i n g or a p ai r o f l ac e s -

.

Dr F S KRA U S S i n his cu r ious wor k Sr e a or Fort u n e an d F ate in

. . .

,

r aws a li n e
t he pop ul ar belie f o f the So uth S l av o n i an s ( V ie nna d ,

o f disti n ctio n b e t we e n the fe tish an d am ul e t The fe tish he de cl ar es .

, ,

has vi r t ue fr o m b e i n g the d welli n g o f a p r o tecti n g spi r it The am ul e t .

,

ho we ve r is o n ly a symbol o f a higher powe r that is o f a po we r whose

, ,

a tt e n t io n is d r awn by or thr ough it t o the be li e ve r or weare r This .

,

howe ve r like t he disti n c t io n be t we e n idol at r y an d wor shippi n g im ages as

,

symbols o f high e r b e i n gs bec o mes i n t he mi n ds o f the m ultit ude ( an d

,

for th at m atter i n all mi n ds ) a disti n ction without a dot o f di ffe r e n ce

, , .

The amul e t may r e st upo n a higher r an ge o f ide as while the fe t ish st an ds ,

on its own fee t b ut i f bo th ar e r e g ar de d as br i ngi ng luclc an d if for

, , ,

i n st an ce o n e r o sar y or im age o f t he same per so n is be li e ve d to br i n g

,

mor e l uck than an oth e r it is a fetish an d n othi n g else A n am ul e t

, .

may pr e te n d t o be a ge n t e e le r ki n d of fe tish b ut the y ar e all of the ,

same family .

T he gypsie s p r e p ar e amon g the B os n i acs on t he high pl ai n s o f ,

M al wan a fe tish in t he for m of a cr adl e made o f n i n e ki n ds of wood

,
-

to bri n g l uck to t he child who sl e e ps i n it But Dr KRA U SS falls I . .

,

r e s um e i n to a ve r y g r e at e r r or w he n he attr ib utes to he r M ajesty the

p , ,

e e n o f E n gl an d a b e li e f i n f tish the st e n t h O f t he follo i g

Q u e o n r
g w n ,

r e m ar kable p assag e fr o m t he Wi en e r A ll em e i n e Z e i t un
g g

By c mm d f Qu V CTOR A M
o MA RT N Di ct
an o een I I ,
r . I ,
re or of t he In stit u te for t he

B li d hn tt d d
, as th m ki g
a c dl f h
en e wly b
to e a n a ra e or t e ne -
or n child of t he P r i n c e ss
of B tt b g a Th c dl is t b m d e ti ly by bli d m
en er . e ra e o e a e n re n e n an dw m o en. T he Qu een

mly b li v s th t bj t m d by bli d pe pl b i g l u ck
'

"
r e e e a o ec s a e n o e r n .

Tr uly i f an yt hi n g co uld br i n g luck it ought to be so me thi n g or de r ed

,

with a ki n d an d charitable v ie w fr om poo r an d sufferi n g people b ut it is ,

rather har d to pro mptly con cl ude that he r Maj e sty believe s i n fetish bec ause
she be n evole n t ly or de r ed a cradl e fr om the bli n d an d th at she had n o ,

34
2
5 0 G YP SY SOR CER Y .

highe r mo tive t han t o ge t some thi n g which wo uld br i n g l uck t o he r

g r an dchild .

It may b e Obse r ve d i n co n n e ctio n wit h this supe r stitio n that amo n g

t he H u n g ar i an gypsi e s se v e r al spe lls dep e n d o n u si n g di ffe r e n t ki n ds o f

woo d an d t hat fo ur ar e s aid t o h av e be e n t ake n fo r t he t r ue cr oss

, , .

Gypsie s i n c omm o n with t he r e st o f the fe t ishio n e r s o f all t he
,

wo r ld b e li e v e i n t he vi r t ue o f a child s caul Dr KRA U S S fou n d in K ob aS

, . .

o n t he S av e an a m u l e t whi c h co n t ai n e d s u ch a can ] wit h g ar lic an d fo ur

le av e d clo ve r This must h av e b e e n a v e r y st r o n g char m i n de e d par tic u l arly

.
,

if t he g ar lic was fr e sh .

A n othe r v e r y gr e at m agi c p r ote ctor i n e ve r y coun tr y amo n g gypsi e s

as well as G e n t il e s is t he th un de r bolt k n own i n G e r m an y as t he Don n e r a rt

m
, , ,

Don n e r stei n Don n e r he i l A lbschoss St r a hlst e i n an d Te ufe l nge r

'

, ,
It was , , .

call e d by the G r e e ks A st r opeld hi a by t he Lati n s Gemma ce r a un i e by t he ,

a ,

Span i ar ds P i e dr a s de r ay o by t he dwe ll e r s in t he Fr e n ch H igh Alps P ey r a s

,

del t r on ( pi er r es de ton er r e ) by t he B i r m an s j lf ogi o ( t he child o f light

,

n ing b t he C hi n e se R a i f u se hi ( t he b attl e ax e o f T e n gu t he g u ar di an
) y ,
- - -
,

e H i n doos Sw ay a m D
o f H e av e n by h h h e s e l f o r igi n a t e d
) t , p u o r t r ,
-
. .

KRA U SS fr om wh om I h av e t ake n the se r e m ar ks adds that i n A m e r i ca

, ,

an d A u st r ali a it is als o r e g ar d e d as a c h ar m p r o t e ctiv e an d l uck b r i n gi n g -

.

B u t h e r e the r e is a c o n fusi o n o f Obj e cts The th u n d e r bo lt de s cr ib e d .

b y Dr KRA U S S is I be li e ve a pe t r ie d she ll a ki n d o f mucr o or

.
, , ,

be l e m n it e The th u n de r b olt O f t he R e d I n di an s r e all y r e se mbl e s it b u t

.
,

is e n ti r e ly di ffe r e n t in i t s n at ur e T he l att e r r e sults fr om lightn i n g .

e n t e r i n g t he san d fusi n g it It so m e time s m ake s i n this way a ve r y

.

lon g t ub e or r o d with a p o i n t Pe opl e n di n g th e se n at ur ally b e li e ve d

, .
, ,

that t he y we r e thun de r bolts I k n e w an o ld Pe n obsc o t I n di an who

.
,

se e i n g t he light n i n g st r ike t he e ar th s e ar ch e d an d fo u n d s u ch a th u n d e r ,

bolt which he gr e atly p r i ze d

,
I n p r oce ss o f tim e p e o pl e who fou n d
.

mucr on es in r ocks be li e v e d the m to be t he same as t he gl ass like poi n ts -

o f fuse d san d which th e y so m uch r e s e mbl e d .

The so c all e d th un de r b o lt is c o n fuse d with t he p r e histor ic s t o n e axe

-
,
252 G I ZPS Y SOR CER I
.

re mi n de d me o f Io n a an d I pr oduce d my gree n pebbl e s an d told wh at

, ,

I kn e w abo u t the m .

My visitor s r e gar de d t he sto n e s with gre at i n ter est an d h e ld an an im at e d

con v e r s ati o n o v e r th e m i n C hi n e se which I did n ot u n de rstan d O bse r vi n g
, .

this I m ade the m p r e se n ts o f t he pe bbl e s an d was th an ke d with an e ar n e st,

n e ss which s e e m e d to m e t o b e o u t o f all p r opor tio n to t he v al ue o f t he

gi fts Thi n ki n g this o ve r t he n e xt day I wr ot e t o t he cl e r gyman at Ion a

.

aski n g hi m to b e so ki n d as t o se n d m e so m e o f t he pebbl e s an d o ffe r i n

g ,

to pay for the m H e did so se n di n g me by m ail a box o f t he sto n e s

.
, .

Two or th r e e we r e ve r y pr e tt y o n e e spe ci ally , It is o f a dar k g r e e n .

co l our an d Slightly t r an sp ar e n t .

Two y e ar s aft e r wh e n i n Phil ade lphi a me e t i n g with an O ld fr i e n d

, , ,

Dr JO S E P H L E I D Y we ll k n own as a man O f scie n c e an d i n t e r a li a as a

.
, , , ,

mi n e r al ogis t I sho we d him my pe b bl e an d aske d him what ir was

. .
.

H e r e pli e d ,

It is j ade To my q ue r y whe ther it might n o t b e n e ph r ite
.

he an s we r e d n o th at it was t r ue j ade of n e q uality

, .

Jad e is in Chi n a a t alism an ic sto n e man y o cc ult vi r t ue s an d l uck

'

b r i n gi n g qualiti e s b e i n g ascr ib e d to it It is v e r y c ur i ous an d possibly

.
,

so methi n g m o r e th an a me r e ch an c e coi n cide n ce th at t he g r e e n pe b bl e s ,

of I on a we r e als o c ar r i e d as ch ar ms It would be r e mar kabl e i f e ve n in

.

pr e hist o r ic t im e s o r i n t he ston e age Io n a an d T ar t ar y had b e e n co n n e cte d

, ,

by s upe r stiti o n an d t r aditi o n .

A m o n g t he gypsi e s as we ll as C h r i sti an s i n Se r vi a n uts e spe ci ally , ,

those which ar e he ar t sh ap e d -
do ubl e ) ar e c ar r i e d as fe tish e s o r amul e ts
, .

I n v e r y e ar ly ti me s a n ut as c o n t ai n i n g like a s e e d t he p r i n cipl e o f g e r mi
,

n atio n an d r e l f r e p r od u cti o n
-
w as typic al o f li fe
, B e i n g e n cl o se d i n a .

sh e l l it se e m e d to b e in a c ask e t o r b ox whi ch was of itse l f a mystic al

symbol H e n c e n uts ar e o fte n foun d in an ci e n t g r av e s The r e ar e m an y
. .

sto r i e s acc or di n gly i n all co un t r i e s i n which a n u t or e gg is r e p r e s e n te d

as b e i n g c o n n e c t e d with t he li fe o f som e p ar ti cul ar b e i n g o r p e r so n The .

ogr e i n s e v e r al t ale s can li v e u n til a c e r tai n e gg is b r oke n I n t he .

Gr au b un de n or G r iso n s th e r e is t he foll o wi n g l e ge n d
 G YP SY A M ULE TS . 2 53

On c e
th liv d e Fi d i u ich p e s t T him c m e p oo b gg wh
e re e n ar e r se a a r a an . o a a r e ar , o

a sk d f lms i v i
e Th
or a th m e pli e d I f th u w ilt giv m
n thi g y t will I give
a n . en e an r , o e e no n e

th s m thi g T h u sh lt k p t hy t s u e d ls thy d u ght

ee o e n . ft th ; y
o d a ee r ea r an a o a er a er ee e a, an

f y
or s ft h is d d h spi it sh ll k w
e ar a er s st f t ki g c
e f it Bu t I giv th e
ea er r a no no re or a n ar e o . e e

this ut P l t it by y d g t st
n . th u st y h t d f l F m t h ut will g w
an on er rea on e , o on -
e ar e oo . ro e n ro a

t d f m th t
r e e , an twigs f m which c dl will b m d i which child will b
ro e ree ro a ra e e a e n a e

ro ck d wh w ill d m thy d u ght f m h p

e o c A d ft re t h gi l di d
ee spi it f a er ro er e n an e . n a er e r e , a r o

a p l w m with d k h i w s e yi g ightly
a e o an F id i d th t far m yy s a r as e n n n n e ar e r s, an a or an e ar ,

f
or it t k s l g tim fa c
e t g w up i t
a on k Bu t h is l g s it
e or a n a or n o ro n o an oa . as s e no on er een

is b li v d th t t h c dl h b m d d t h child b wh b c am t h d liv
e e e a e ra e as een a e an e or n o e e e e e rer .

B Ely sse e ff i n his v e r y i n te r esti n g ar ticl e b ase d o n K oun av i n e s

A . .
,

M at e r ials for t he St udy of t he Gypsi e s giv e s t he r e p r e s e n tati o n o f four ,

gypsy a m ulets , a lso a c abalisti c toke n that br i n gs good l uck to its

we ar e r .

m u l ts w it s M Ely ff
The a m d f w u ght i
e ,

d b l g tr M e . sse e ,

ar e a e o ro ron an e on o .

K u o i Th c b listic S ig is d sig d ( c pi d ?) b y u s lv s th ks t t h
n av n e . e a a mi bili t y n e ne o e o r e e , an o e a a

o f gypsy dj m ( s c ) f th p vi c f N g d Th m u l t A w f u d by
a ec as or ere r o e ro n e O ovo or o . e a e as o n

M K u i . m g t h gypsi s wh
o n av n e a m with th i c mps i t h U l ighb u h d ;
on e e o r oa e r a n e ra ne o r oo

s m B ss bi gypsi s u ppli d B C w
o e e ar a bt i d f m gypsy s c
an e f t h P si s e as o a ne ro a or erer o e er an

f
r on ti d D f m d
e r, p t fs m an m ts pl c d with th i d d by gypsi s f
or e a ar o o e or n a en a e e r ea e o

S u th
o R u ssi ern a.

Th c b listic sig

( i dei ll u st tia t h
a d f ch pt ) p s ts u ghly
n v e ra on a ea o a er re re en ro a

s p t t h symb l f A u m i t h vil p i cipl i gypsy myth l gy Th g u

er en , e o o f ro or ,
e e r n e n o o . e re o an

ar ch s u u d d w ith st s is cc di g t M K u i h ld by t h gypsi s symb li zi g

r ro n e ar ,
a or n o . o n av n e , e e e as o n

th th t h m i g f t h t i gl A is t k w
e e ar , e Th m
e an n d st s w hich s u
o u d e r an e no no n . e o on an ar r ro n

th e th d w hich
e ar t o sp ank cl s d i t h s p t s c ils symb li z t h w ld
ar e , so ea , en o e n e er en

o , o e e or

lyi g i vil T his sig is g v d by gypsi s u p t h pl t s f t h h

n n e . ss f t h h s s
n en ra e e on e a e o e ar n e o e or e ,

o f g m ts ar d d sig den m ts
, an as e ne or n a en .

It may b e he r e r e m ar ke d th at t he symbolism of M Ko un av in e while .

,

it may b e quite acc ur at e m ust b e t ake n with gr e at r e se r ve I f t he arch

,
.

b e simply a h o r se shoe all th e se or n am e n ts e xce pt t he ser p e n t may b e -

, , ,

common ly fo un d o n t he tr appi n gs o f Lo n don dr ay hor se s -

.

m u l t A which ls p s ts t h u t h m
A e th,
st s th d s p t a o re re en e s n , e oo n , e ar , e ar ,
an a er en , c an

qu lly s v
e a symb l f t h u iv s A cc di g t M K u i G u i ( t h A mmo
er e as a o o e n er e. or n o . o n av n e , on

e n

f t h Egypti s )
o e d Au m i symb li z d u p this m u l t A m u l t B p s ts
an an ro or ,
ar e o e on a e . e re re e n a

m s u u d d by h l
an id d by t h m
rro n d t h st s
e d m d w ith sw r d d
a a o, a e e o on an e ar , an ar e a o an
2 54 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

s B
ar r o w th is p s t d t h h s
. enea re re en e e or e ; t he s p t symb li z s A u m i A s w h l e
er en o e ro or . a o

this m u l t p s ts t h c ict b twe

a e re re en e on e en t he g d d e vil p i cipl J dr ( I d ) g i st
oo an r n e, an a n ra a a n

A ur o mo r i .

A m u l e t C e p r e s e n ts a gl e mi g st a an d t h e s e r p e n t n d is c all d B r my ( B m a)

r a n r , a e a a ra ,

symb lizi n g cc or di n g t o M K un avi n e t he gypsy p r omdivi n ity

o , a . o ,
-
.

O am u l e t D w hich r e p s e n ts a mi g py r e n d s o m e hi e r oglyphics my
r , re a lson a
,
a a

symb li z e th e p y e r add e ss e d t t he divi n ity f t h

o ra r o o e re .
"

If
these e xplan ation s we re give n by gypsy sor cere rs the am ul e ts ar e
i n de ed ve r y c ur io us But abst r actly t he se r pe n t arro ws stars the moo n
.
, , , , , ,

an ar ch e r a fo x a n d a pl an t occ ur all t he wo r ld ov e r o n coi n s o r i n pop ul ar

, , , , ,

ar t with or witho ut symbolism an d I c on fe ss th at I sh o u ld h ave e xp e cte d

, ,

so me thi n g v e r y di ffe r e n t as ill ust r atin g such a r e mar kable mythology as

th t gI ve n by M K oun av in e H o we v e r t h ar t of a atio
a . e n n as
. for , ,

i n stan ce that of t he A lgo n ki n I n di an s

, may b e v e r y far i n de e d be hi n d
its myths an d m e n t al co n ce ptio n s .
2 56 GYP S Y SOR CER Y .

chil dre n were se t to play at b e i n g shepherds the ir ocks be i n g of ,

toads .

I h ave be en i n for me d by gypsi e s th at toads do r e ally fo r m un accou n table

predile ction s for pe rso n s an d pl ace s The fo llo wi n g is accur ately r e l at e d as
.

it was told me i n Rom an y fourt e e n ye ar s ago i n E ppi n g Forest by a gir l , ,

.

You kn o w sir t h at p e opl e who liv e o ut o f d o or s all t he time as we do

, , , ,

se e an d k n ow a g r e at d e al ab o ut s uch c r e at ur e s O n e day we we n t to a .

far mhouse an d foun d t he wi fe almos t dyi n g be c aus e she tho ught she was
,

be witch e d by a woman who c ame e v e r y day i n t he for m o f a gr eat toad t o

he r door an d loo ked i n A n d s ur e e n ough whil e she was t alki n g t he toad
.
, ,

c ame an d t he woman was t aken in su ch a way with fr ight that I thought

,

she d h ave di e d But I had a l augh to myse l f ; for I k n e w that toads h ave

.

s uch ways an d can n ot o n ly be t ame d but will almost t ame th e mselve s

, , .

So we gypsies t alke d t oge th e r i n Rom an y an d th e n said we could r e move ,

t he spe ll i f she wo uld g e t us a pai r o f she ar s an d a c u o f salt Th e n we

p .

c aught t he to ad an d tie d t he she ar s so as to make a cr oss y ou se e

,
an d -

wi th it t h r e w t he toad i n to t he r e an d pour e d the salt o n it , So t he .

witchcr aft was e n de d an d t he l ady g av e us a good m e al an d t e n shilli n gs
, .

( F o r a R om an y po e m o n this i n cide n t v i de E n glish Gypsy Son gs Tr ij b n er ,

an d Co .
,
A n d ther e is a te r r ible t al e t old by R H S toddar d . .
,

i n a poe m th at on e day a g e n tle m an accide n t ally t r od on a toad an d

,

ki lled it H ear i n g a scr e am at th at i n st an t i n t he woods at a littl e

.

dist an ce foll owe d by an outcr y he we n t to se e wh at was the m att e r an d

, , ,

foun d a gy psy camp wher e they we r e l am e n ti n g t he sudde n de ath o f a

c hild .O n l o oki n g at the co r pse he was ho r r i e d t o Obser ve that it
p r e se n t e d eve r y appe ar an ce o f h avi n g be en tr ample d to death its woun ds ,

b e i n g t he same as tho se he had i n icte d o n t he toad This stor y b e i n g .

told by me to t he g y psy gir l she i n n o wise doubted its truth b e i n g in

, ,

fact gr e atl y ho r r ied at it ; b ut was amaz e d at t he child chov i ha n i o r ,

witch be i n g i n t wo pl aces at o n ce
,
.

I n t he S pan ish A ssoci ati o n o f W itches i n the year 1 6 1 0 ( v i de Lor e n t

H istoir e de l I n quisit io n
t he to ad pl ayed a gr e at p art O n e who had .
 G YP SI ES TOA DS
, . A ND TOA D L OR E-
. 2 57

t aken his de gr e e s i n this Or der t e s t ie d th at o n admissio n a mark li ke a

, ,

toad was st ampe d o n his e ye lid an d th at a r e al to ad was give n to him

,

which had t he po wer to m ake its m aste r i n visibl e t o t r an spor t him t o ,

dist an t plac e s an d ch an ge him to t he for m of m an y ki n ds o f an i malsl

,

Th e re is a Ger ma i n t e jectio n
n r o r c rse
u K r ot e n du e
v l or -
toad de vil
'

which is suppose d t o h ave origi n ated as follows : W h e n t he E mperor

Char l e m ag n e came i n to t he coun tr y of the E ast Saxon s an d aske d them

whom the y worship ped t h e y repli e d K r o do is our go d
, t o which the

E mperor re pli e d K r o do is all t he s am e as K r ot e n dii v e l A n d he

m ade the m pay bitte r ly by the s wor d an d t he r o p e fo r t he cr ime o f calli n g
G od acco r di n g to th e i r l an guage by a n ame di ffe r e n t h o m th at which he
, ,
'

use d ; for he ut m an y t ho us an ds o f the m to death lik e Ki n g O lo f o f

p ,

Norway to show th at his faith was o n e O f me e kn e ss an d me r cy

, .

It is b ad t o h av e o n e s looks agai n st on e The p e r son al appearan ce

.

o f the toad is s uch as to h av e giv e n it a b ad pl ac e i n t he m tholo y of

y g
all rac e s
.

The A lg on ki n I n di an s who like N apol e o n an d Slawke n be r gius
, ,

we r e gre at admi r e r s o f me n with fi n e b o ld oses aft e r h avi n g st udied
n

t he pl an e physi o g n omy o f the toad d e cid e d th at it i n dicate d all t he V ic e s

, ,

an d m ade o f t he cr e at ur e t he moth e r o f all the witch e s Nothi n g could .

h av e been mo r e c on de m n ator y ; si n c e i n t he i r re ligio n as i n that of t he
A ccadi an s Laps an d Eskimo
, ,
a d ar k an d horrible sorc e r y i n which ,

witch e s co n cili at e d e vil Spirits was b e li e v e d to h av e p r e ce ded the i r own

,

n oble r S h am an i sm by which thes e e n e mi e s of man ki n d we r e for ce d or

,

co n que re d by m agic O n ce the Gr e at Toad had as she thought succe ede d

.
, ,

i n or g an i z i n g a c on spi r acy by which Glooskap the Sh aman i c go d o f N at ur e

, ,

was to b e de st r oye d The n he p asse d his h an d ove r he r face an d th at O f

.

he r fellow c o n spir ator t he Porc upi n e ; an d fr o m that time fo rth th e i r n oses

-

wer e at to t he gr e at scor n o f all ho n e st we ll b e ake d I n di an s

,
-
.

The old Pe r si an s m ade t he toad t he symbol an d pe t of A h r iman t he ,

fo e o f light an d d e cl ar e d that his Cha i fest e r or atte n dan t de mo n s took

, , ,

th at for m whe n th e y p e r secut e d Or mu zd A mo n g t he Ty r ol e se it is a

. .

type of e n vy whe n ce the proverb En vi ous as a toad
,
I n t he Middl e .
2 5 8 G YP S Y SOR CER Y .

A ges , a mo n g ar tists a n d i n man y Ch ur ch l e ge n ds it appe ar s as Gre e d or ,

A v ar ice the r e is ev e n t o this day i n some myste r io us pl ace o n the r ight

,

ban k of t he R hi n e be twe e n Laufe n be r g an d Bin zgau a pile of coals on ,

which sits a toad Th at is t o say coals th e y see m to t he wor ld But

. , .

t he pile is all p ur e go ld an d t he t o ad is a de vil who g uar ds it ; an d he

,
.

who kn o ws ho w can p r o n o u n ce a sp e ll which sh all b an t he gr im guar dian .

A n d th e r e is a stor y to ld by Me n z e l C hr istliche S ymbo lik vol i p , . . .

th at l on g ago th e r e liv e d i n C ol og n e a wicke d mise r who whe n o ld r e pe n ted ,

a n d wish e d to l e ave his m o n e y t o t he poo r B ut wh e n he ope n e d his gr e at

.

iron che st he fou n d th at e ve r y coi n i n it had t ur n e d to a hor r ibl e toad

,

with shar p te e th This stor y b e i n g to ld t o his con fe ssor the pr i e st sa w

.
,

i n it divi n e r e tr ib utio n an d told him th at God would h ave n o n e o f his

,

mon e y n ay th at it would go har d with him to save his soul A n d he

,
'

.
,

bei n g willi n g to do an ythi n g to be fr e e of sin was locke d up in the che st ,

with t he to ads ; an d lo ! t he n e xt day w h e n it was Op e n e d the cr e at ur e s

had e ate n him u p O n ly his cl e an picke d bo n e s r e mai n e d

.
-
.

B ut i n t he Tyr o l it is b e li e ved that t he toads ar e th e mselve s poor

si n e s u d
n r , n e r goi g p
n e n an c e as H oe t sche n or H opp i n e n as they ar e loc ally
call e d fo r d e eds don e i n huma n for m Th e r e for e th e y ar e r e gar d e d with
.
,

pity an d sympathy by all good Chr isti an s A n d it is we ll k n o wn th at .

i n the Chur ch o f Sai n t Mich ae l i n Schwat z o n t he e ve n i n g be for e t he ,

gre at festiv als b ut whe n n o on e is pr e se n t an i mme n se toad come s c r awli n g

, ,

b e fo r e t he altar whe r e it k n e els an d pr ays we e pi n g bitte r ly The ge n eral

, , .

belie f is that toads ar e for t he m ost p ar t p e ople who m ade vows to go o n

pilgrim ages an d di e d with t he vows un fullle d SO t he poor cr eat ur e s go
, .

hoppin g about astr ay be wild e r e d an d pe r pl e x e d st r ivi n g t o n d the i r way

, ,

to sh r i n e s whic h h ave pe r ch an ce l o n g si n ce c e ase d to e xist O n ce the r e .

was a toad who too k se v e n ye ar s to go fr om Le i fe r s to We isse n st e i n ;

an d whe n the cr e atur e r e ache d t he ch ur ch it sudde n ly chan ge d to a
r e sple n d e n t whit e d o v e which yi n g up to h e av e n v an ishe d be for e the
, , ,

e yes o f a l ar g e comp an y th e r e asse mbl e d who bor e wit n ess t o t he mi r a cl e

, .

A n d on e day as a wagon e r was goi n g fr o m I n n s br uck to Se e feld as he ,

06 0 G YP SY SOR CER Y .

I h ave also a v e r y old S ilv e r r i n g i n which the r e is se t a toad r udely,

y et ar tistic ally c ar ve d i n h e m atite o r blood sto n e Thes e w

, ere famo us -
.

am ule ts u n til withi n t wo o r th r e e h u n dr e d y e ars .

I f y o u ar e a gypsy an d h av e a tam e toad it is a gr e at assist an ce i n

,

telli n g for tu n e s an d b r i n gs l uck that comm odity which as C A LL O T obse rv e d , ,

t he gypsi e s ar e al ways se lli n g t o e v e r y b ody whil e th e y p r ote st th e y th e m

se lv e s h av e n o n e
. As I te ste d with t he last old gypsy wo man whom I me t
What bei / e t he di v vus W hat l uck t o day ? Ke hhe r ry a No n e -

,

sir was t he r e ply as us ual I n e v e r h av e an y l uck So like a mi r r or th e y

, , , .

r e e ct all thi n gs s a v e th e ms e lv e s an d S how y o u wh at the y k n o w n ot

, .

I

ve
y s y
een v w ou w h ere ou ne er e re

A d wh n y u v w ill b ; e re o ne er e

A d y t w ithi th t v y pl c
n e n a er a e

Y u o b s by m c an e een e .

F t t ll wh t th y d
or o t k
e a e o no n ow

Is t h t f th R m y e ar o e o an .

 I NDEX .

A . B ar i c e llus,
J . C .
, 4 6
A b mi n abl e ch a ms
o r ,
1 20 B th I cid t
a , 1 80n en n e ar ,

A c o r n s S n g o f t he ,
o , 22 1 B th K ] t h V ic &c 2 2 0 2 38
a O , e o e, .
, ,

A de lhe i t v on H e lb ac h, 2 29 B rf d J C divi ti by h i 1 4
a or , . .
, na on a r, 2

E o li
h p 1 66 an ar ,
B r i gypsy s c y 9
a n or er , 2

Ag St I v c ti
n e s, .
,
n o a on , 76 B s cl ws d t th
e ar
'
m u l ts 6
a an ee as a e , 2

A g stics 2 1 3
no ,
B e u ty
a l xist c e 1 8 7
, 2 rea e en ,

A lb or di , 57 B g tt by g bli P pl e 06
e o en o n s, eo , 2

A lg ki
on n Le g e n ds gl n d 6 9 O f Ne w En a ,
B e dicti 4 2
en on ,

A l au n o t im g e 1 53
r , r o a ,
B n mme i
e e H b w witch s 6 3 r n n en , e re e ,

A ls ati an gypsy gi l n d sh e ll 2 33 2 34 r a B gmii

er M u t i n Dw fs 1 3 1 1 32
n n e r , or o n a ar , ,
, ,

A l S i at 57 r
B i W ks f 1 56
e r n on , or O ,
,

Alt e r e go r t h e Dr e am p we r 1 6 5 &c
-
, o -
o , , .
B s k s ( t ) 14;
er er er no e ,

A mb e r b ads 1 9 8 e ,
B th t h D m sp it 1 6 7
er a, e rea -
r e,

A me ic n F lk L r J o u n al 2 1 8 2 2 7
r a o -
o e r , ,
B u
er v l k d b witch d 5 1 56
n, o e r oo e or e e , ,

A m u l e ts a d fe tish e s 2 34 n ,
B th m Si Willi m Eugub
e a , T bl ts r a ,
oe an a e ,

A m u l e ts 2 2 8 &c , , .
21 1

A im ls C h ms t o p o t e ct 79 9 9
n a ,
ar r ,
B h u t H i d m lig t spi i t 9 1 1 1
,
n oo a n an r , ,
0,

A n S n t t he L u ci
n a, a f t h e Ro m an s 1 0 1
a, na o ,
B ill t h im gi y c mp i 3
, e a n ar o an on ,

An t y S i n t 6 4 1 3 5
on , a , ,
B illy D ws t h Wis M f S t k sl y
a on , e e an o o e e ,
1
97
Appl ( l ve ch a m ) 1 4 0 1 4 1
e o -
r , ,
B i d s st H i i 1 1
r

ne ,
a r n ,
2

A chr
l gy Eth l gy ix
a
eo o no o ,
B l ck d g 6 0 6 1 6
a o , , ,
2

A n ld M tth e w xi 2 1 5
r o ,
a ,
B l ck H F st f t h 1 37
a en , a o e,

A i t Ety mol ogy f 1 9 9

ro n , o ,
B l v tsky Mme 1 7 1
a a , ,

A tici l p p g t i o n 1 0 1
r a ro a a ,
B l ssi g f t h Sy u ps O il & 1 5
e n o e r , , c .
,
0

A sh e s f d r e ss (l ve ch m ) 1 2 0
o o -
ar ,
B l ck D c ps c dl s u p stiti
o , r .
,
or e- an e er o n , xi 1

A ssisi S t F an cis sh e lls 2 34

, . r , ,
B l cksb g 3
o er ,
0

A str l spi it 1 6 6
a r ,
B l d C h m with 1 1 9 1
oo , ar , , 20

A r was k e n n i ge
- -
n A lg n ki n gi an t spi it-
s, a o -
r ,
B s t usks w
o ar
'
m ul ts 6 7 or n as a e , 2 , 2 , 1 02 ,

g vi g 1 3
.

1 3 ;
0 en ra n , 0
l 7
Emp e r o r , p u ish d city fa th fo r B odi n us, 24 0
A uguSt us, n e a -
er

ea ti g qu il
n a a , 9 0
B g y B g B uh B gg B g i B g u
o e , o , , o ar , o e, o- e st,

A xe -
h ds S tea ,
on e , in t ree s ,
1 8 B ll B m & 1 6 1
o ,
o an , c .
,

B g mil s 36 6 3
o o e , ,

B . B lt
o C
on , i gt H C u ti g ar r n on o n n -
Out

B dga er, Foo t of a l( v ch m ) o e- ar ,

1 20 Rhym e s 1 8 0 5 , 2 22 , 22
26 2 I NDEX .

B k oo of F at e an d wor ks on F tu
or ne -
t lli g
e n , Chapt III
er G ypsy C n j u ti on s. an d
: o ra

x vi Ex cismsTh e c u e f child e n H un
or r o r

B oo t h , Ge n e ra l his d vil d iv s
, e -
r er , 5 g i ar an
gypsy sp e lls C u i u s ld I t li n r o o a a

B or r o w, G .
, H kk i ba
o 1 1 an r o, 2 se c tM gic i t u e s f g lic A F l e n
re a v r o ar or

B r a t r an e c k, B e i t r hge
'

z ur . E st he t i h de r Pf la n ti n e i n c t ti o l e r n e d f m a w itch
an a n a ro

z e n we lt , 53 L ilith t h e child st e l e
, n d Oge e f t he -
a r a n o

B idg 57
r e. Witch e s 4 1 6 5 ,

B m t k p spi its witc h s w y 1 36

r oo o ee r or e a a , Ch pt
a IVer S u th S l v n i . nd : th e o a o an a o r

B w M
ro 14
n, rs .
,
2 G ypsy W itch l e T h e w r ds f a w itch -
or o or

B w stu dy v i wh t h mi d is
ro n , re er e en e n V il as an d t h spi r its f e ar th n d i e o a a r

bst ct d f m c t i s u bj c ts d m
a ra e ro er a n e rea Witch e s Egg sh e lls n d e gg l o Egg -
a -
re

p w p oti lly cts

er 1 6 9 ar a a ,
ro
P v bs O a dc C r uc i b us 6 5 79
er v ,
-

B uckl d Li zzi gypsy w m 1 44

an , e, a o an , Ch p t e V
a Ch ms t o p r t e ct A im als 79
r . ar o n ,

B udg c u d by e s g gypsi s m re a on e ere 1 00

Bu dg s e , 22 h ms Cha pt e r VI . : Of P r e g n an cy , an d C ar

Bu T y zz, 2 00o cr ,
d F lk l c ct d w ith i t B an o -
or e on n e e o ar s

By t ff hym s 4 3 1 6 6
r on , s a -
r t th e d ,
styptic ch ms 1 0 1 1 0 7
,
ee an ar ,

Ch p t VI I R c v y f st l p p ty a er . e o er o o en ro er

L v ch ms S h s d l v p ti s o e -
ar oe an o e- o on , or

C b li t s 38
a a s ,
2 philt s 1 0 8 1 1 re ,
2

C k G YPSY 1 4 3 1 4 4
a e, ,
Ch p t 9
VI I I R um i d T y l a er . : o an an an r an s

C ll t
a o d gypsi e s
an 5 8 v i ,
S 2 c i s d S u p stiti s an an or er e an er on , con

C l i
a v n, 2 39 t d id tic l w ith th s f t h n ec e or en a o e o e

C dl e i l v e ch m 1 0 G ypsi s 1 1 22
an , n o -
ar 4
, 2 e , 1

C dl e s B l e ss d 4
an ,
e Ch p t ,
IX 2 R d z v us f W itch s S a er . : en e o o e , or

C an e i spi nd by spi it re9 a d V il r s C , ti 22u ti f S u t h c e r e r s, an a on n a on o o

C lyl T h m s
ar e, 1 8 5 o S
a l , i G ypsy l 1 4
1 5 1 avo n an -
or e , 2

C m ar mi um d G l dul
en r 21 Ch p ta X H u ts
an d H m s f W itch
as, 2 a er . : a n an o e O es

C r ap t en e r P hysi l gy 1 6 3 i S u tho o S l vic l d s B g ys d H um n o a an o e an

C k
as e t G ypsy
,
t s d w y dis s 1 5 1 6,
b u gs
o 1
5
en1 6 1 a a ea e, , , 2

C sse l P
a ,Di Symb lik d B l u t s 8 7
.
,

Ch p t
e XI G ypsy W itchc ft t h m gic l
o es e ,

a er . ra , e a a

C t ll i
as e 9an , 22 p w i t i l l m d w m H w o er n na e n a e n an o en o

C t as o r O il B dic ti f 1 50
, en e it m y b d v l p d Th p i cipl s f
on O , a e e e o e e r n e o

C t S
a , w i gi g 1 3
n 6 n F
a, t u t lli g 1 6 1 8 5 or n e- e n , 2

C t i c t ti s 54
a o, n an a Ch p t
on ,
XI I F t u t lli g ti u d a er . or ne -
e n con n e

C d e u
re n 2 38 s, R m bsd ch c h p o an ce a e on an e or o e as

C t
en a u s 1 6 r ,
2 g d t h fu t u F lk d S c y l re ar s e re o an or er -
or e

C h g i
a r n, a gypsy d m 9 1
9 93 A u t h e tic gyp on y ,p di ti s
, 2,8 6 1
93
-
en s re c on , 1

C h ld a m gic S h m ic 6 6 3
e an a Ch p t, XI I I a an P v bs , f
2, i g t a er . ro er r e e rr n o

Ch p t a I O igi
er f W itc hc ft S h m ism
. r Witch s G yp i s d F i i s 1 9 4 8
n O ra , a an , e ,
s e , an a r e , 20

d S c y Vi dic tiv
an or d Mischi v u s
er Ch p t XI V n A G yp y M gic S p ll L lli
e an e o a er . s a e e n

M gic 1 1 a , 2 Dudik b i th G t S c t Child s a n ,

or e re a e re r en

Ch p t a II
er C h ms d C j u ti s t
. Rhym s ar d I c an t ti s T on Littl ra on o e an n an a on en e

c ur dis d s f g w p pl H u
e or I di B ys d A c
er o ro G i ls f M c ll u
n eo e n n an o an or n r O ar e s

g i G ypsy M gic 1 4 1
ar an B u di g l a i 0
9, 9 2 r a e n s s, 2 -
22
26 4 I NDEX .

hic h m m i s e l s d d
by w e or e ar oo e n e an re Ex o r cism , 4 2 , 4 3
c mbi d whil will is s u sp d d 1 6 1 8 5
o ne , e en e ,
2 -
Eye s , P ai n i n I n c an t a ti on for , ,
27

D ms c u s d by s c d M
rea cti
a e a e on e or an a on

f th
o b i i d p d t f c mm e ra n n e en en o o on F .

s s 14
en e, F i i s Q u e e n f t h e 6 3 var i e ti e s f 6 7
a r e , o , o ,

D m p
rea w its c ti p t t s m
-
o er a on ene ra e o r e or p r ove r bs 2 0 2 ,

l ss i t ll w ki g li f 1 6 9
e n o a or n e, F ai r y i n gs 6 8
-
r ,

D u m P ict u
r ,
f L pl d m gic 79 re o a an a ,
or F ith c u e 2 3
a -
r ,

t mb u i G ypsy 8 T u kish 8 0 ; u s d
a o r n e, ,
0 r ,
e F gge n F i k e n No ke l t he f i i s f t he
an ,
n , r ,
a r e o

i di i ti
n b y ll S h m ic s c
v na s 79 on a a an or ere r , Ty l 6 7 ro ,

B ch u m t h ch l
a w itch 1 3 3
a, e o e r a- , F c i n t Ey e f 2
as a or , o ,

Du lisma s u lt f M th ism 1 57
, re o on o e , F u st G ypsy p u pp t sh w f 2 4 5 2 4 6
a ,
e -
o o , ,

Du C g 4
an e, 22 F w G n g T he 2 0 1
a a , ,

D di kab i n t o le l 2 1 1 , , F t i hi m n d S ham n ism 1 57

e s s a a ,

Du n can G e ille s a witch , , , 198 Fe v r de m n 2 0 6 3

e o , ,

F e v e s c u e d 1 2 1 6 1 7 c u r e d by dig
r ,
r , , ,

gi g h l e & c 1 8 1 9 with k e uze

n o , .
, , a r r , .

East e r -
e gg s, Re d, 7 8 & c 1
9 ; c
. u,r e d by w t e & 1 9 2 0 a r, c .
, ,

East e r Mo n d ay spr i n kli n g w ith ,

wa t e r, 1 39 F icht e J G 1 74 , . .
,

Ecc o l i mb asc i at o r e s o n g 2 2 5 F i r e C h m g i n st 4 0

, , , ar a a ,

Edda, 7 1 F ish n d b n dy ch m I 1 9
a ra , a ar ,

Edison , x F l e n ti n e f t u n t ll e 2 2 5
or or e -
e r,

Ed u c a ti o n , P r actic al , 3 F ldi g mi
o n Th 1 66 r r or , e,

Eggs an d e ggsh e lls, S u p e r stiti o n s an d st i s

or e F lk l
o -
p f c ts t he st udy f H ist y 1 8 8
or e er e o or ,

i g t 7 7 3 74 7 5
r e fe r r n o. 2. . . Re d I n di n F l k l s u ff d t p ish 1 8 8
a o -
or e ere o er ,

Eggs i childbi th 4 9 n r ,
F lk l
o -
T r an smi ssi
or e , f 123 on o ,

Eggl -
c sm g ic symb l 77
or e , a o o en o , F t p i t E r th f m u s e d i
oo -
r n ,
l v a ro a, n a o e

Egg p v bs 77 7 8 ro er , , ch m I 1 2
ar ,

Eg y pti S k tch B k 1 4 6 an e oo , F t u n e t ll e i Fl e n c e n s r c e r y xiv

or -
e r n or o o , .

Eld b ker 8-

9 3 ar , 2 , 2 ,
0 F t un e t e lli g by c n y bi ds & c 1 8 3
or -
n a ar r , .
,

Ell k e Elfw m
on e r , D ish 6 7 o an , an , F r t u e t e ll i g S pi it f G ypsy 1 74
o n -
n , r o ,

Ellh ( Eld
or n ) F u 9 er ,
ra ,
2 F i d ich J B Sy mb lik de N t u 2 9 52
r e r , . .
,
o r a r,

, ,

Els di e, uh 69 e ra e,

Ely sse e ff, D r . A .

,
1 07 4 0 ,
20 8, 2 5 1 F g b es u s e d
ro on as an amul t 6 e ,
2

Em s R W 57
e r on , . .
,
F g i n c t ti n
ro an a o ,
1 3 l v p ti
o e -
o on ,
1 1
9
E glish G y psi s
n d th i L g u g e an e r an a e, Th e , F gs u s e d t c u
ro ,
o re fe v er, 12

by C G L l d 0 3 . . e an , 2

E t i g
n er n w h u s s 1 37 ne o e ,
G .

E 03,g dd ss f A u o 8 e o r o r a, 2 mt d 4 6
G ab ali s, Co e e,

E N w i Th u ght 8
r a, a e ,
n o , G lt
a F cis x 8 4
on , r an , , 1

E ysip l s C u
r f 8
e a ,
re or , 2 G an a( D i ) qu f t h w itch s 13 an a ,
een o e e ,
2

E ul pi u
sc ad s p t 38 s, an er en , G d
an g s O chis m c u l t u s d i l v
er -
oo e , r a a a, e n o e

E tm
s Si P cy B ll ds 1 59
e re, r, er a a , p ti s 1 1 9
o on ,

Eugu R um i
an e , f i i s 67 o an an a r e , G t D m L i r s (D
an e ,
B c u o e a on n a r an a o
.

Evil y ch m g i st it 5 1 52 54
-
e e, ar a a n , , , , 57 C qu ist d A lg
on ) 7 2 a o ar r e ,
 I NDEX . 65

G ar lic u s d
, e in m gica , 5 ,
2 9 1, 9 2,
9 7, 8
9 , G ypsy f t u t ll i or ne- e er n Cai r o , 2 3 5, 2 36

1 36 G y psy i c t ti A n an a on , , &c .
, 2 09

G arzo n i us n el Se rr a gli o,
4 6 Gypsy - Lor e y our n al, 2 0 8

Ga st e r, Dr .
, 37 39 , 6
. 3 G ypsy Lu cky t m t 1 9 1 3
,
o ee a, 2 ,
0

G e or g e, St .
,
his D y a ,
Eve , 1 1 8, 1 4 2 , 1 4 3, 1 4 7, G ypsy ligi 7 s c y 1 59 1 6 0
re on , 0 or er , ,

148 G ypsy S c y mi gl d with S l v i

or er n e a o n an ,
6 5,
G e r ar d, Mr s . B .
,

Lan d b y d th F e on e or e st ,
66
1 2 6. 1 2 7. 1 34 . I 3 5. 1 37 . I 8
3 . I 39 .
207 H .

Ge r t ud r e, m qu
Ge r an e e n o f t he w itch s e , 1 33 Hai r , 2 m e an s o f fa sci ti 9 8 na on , C har ms f or

Ge ssl e r an d his h t 4 a , 2 2 the , 2 3 , 24 , 2 5 s u p stiti s er on ,

&c .
,
2 4, 2 5,
G e t t at ur a, witch sig s n , 2 00 2 6, 6 0 , 9 2 , 9 3, 1 2 0 , 121

G oa tl
-
83 or e , ,
84 Hal e , P r o f Hor a o, . ti On t he O r igi n of

G oo ki M th n, o e r, st r aw - man , 3 2 Lan g u g 3 i st c s f child

a e,
4

n an e o r en,

G r a ,
'

223 Ha l f h s h l f llig t 1 7
a or e , a a a or , 2

Gr a ss , 2 l v ch m
o e- ar w ith ,
1 1 1 ; old c u st m o , Ha lli w ll d f h u mb u g 1 6
e , e .

,

1 12 H an , d O th by t h 1 1 0 a e ,

Grea s A xl & 1 4 8 1 4 9
e, e, c .
, , Har e , C u ti g ut hym o d i c t ti
n n -
o r e an n an a on ,

Gr e g ( Qu ) F lk l
or een , o -
or e o f t he No r th -
ea st 225

O f S c tl d 76 o an , Har gi n n , C h ag r i n , an I n di an d e m o n , 9 1
Gr i ll du P u l u s 6 4 1 4 9
an s, a , , on To r tu r e , 2 4 0, H awth or n e , N P , 3 1 . .

24 2 H az e l , Lady, 1 9 6
Gr imm De u tsch e Myth ol o gi e 29, 54 , He ad b u mp e d, C h ar m fo r 6 1
, ,

c s g 2
1 12 ; a or n on , 2 2 , 2 2 3, 2 2 4 He ad ach e Re m e dy for , with i n c an t a ti o n , 2 1
,

G m F cis
r oo e, r an , He i n e d e n iti on o f id e as , 7, 4 3, 1 30 ; pr o
,

O si u s M gic
ro 3 8 , a a, 2
ph e cy, 1 84 ; 228 ; w itc h p m oe , 24 4

G ub ti C u t A g l
erna s, o n n e o de , on h th ism
ea en He ll sho o n , 1 1 3
-

i T u sc y xiv 1 0 5
n an , , , 1 26, 1 3 3, 1 35 , 1 8
3 , H e n , B l ack , S or c e r y an d s u p stiti s er on c on

223 n e c te d w ith , 21 e gg o f bl ck h 9 0
a en, , 9 1,

Gui n, K am, C h en -
G ui n , 50

G un , En ch t d an e , 1 3 1 He n r y, J s ph
o e Pr of , .
,
1 77
G ypsi s d ld g 4 7
e an o a e, H e r m an n , P r o f Dr A . . .
, xi , 4 5, 105

G ypsi s T h by C G L l d 09 H e r man st adt k h d vil

e ,
e, . . e an ,
2 , La e n e ar , w ere t he e

Gyp i th i diss mi ti
s es : f F lk l
e r e na on o o -
or e , b s st ms 1 9
re w or ,
2

x xi ; b sis f G ypsy S c y xi ; G ypsy

,
a O or er , H m s T ism gist u s 1 7 1
er e r e ,

S c y t xh u st d i this w k b u t
or er no e a e n or , H m e h g s M s s P u i um
or r a w e , en e , ro v or o

only u s d t ill u st t t h m i s u bj ct
e o ra e e a n e , f bl d
o t c us oot p v t it 1 0 1
: o a e or o re en , ,

xii A ffi ity ith

. w t h I di Dnm H w e n an o o 1 0 3 1 04 ; ld G m
,
d R m sp lls o er an an o an e

gypsi s b c m f t u t ll s 3 c m
e e a e or ne -
e er ,
2, a e f w f bl d 1 04
or o o oo ,

f m I di
ro 8 n a, H e rodi s 36 37 6 4 a , , ,

G ypsy C j u ti s C h pt IIIon ra on , a er . Hi dn P i st T h
oo l w t yp f Sh m
r e ,
e, a o e o a an ,

G ypsy d ci g t h e d b u ch d d
an ci g f
n : e a e an n o
9 ,
10

w itc h s p ssibly f gypsye igi 1 58o o or n, Ho l e i n t 62 a ree,

G ypsy divi ti th cti f th D m

na on , e a on o e re a Ho ll F u l dy
e, ra ,
a a , 2
9
p w o A lt g 1 73
e r or e r -
e o, Ho ly V i gi c mp r n, ra , 3 6
26 6 I NDEX .

Ho r n s c ttl w th d sp ll
Of a e, rea e as e , 14 3 F i y Mythol gy 20 2
K e i gh t le y

s a r o ,

, 20 3

H s C h ms t p t ct 8
or e , 8 ar o ro e , 1, 2, 84 , 9 7 ; K n e J u sti u s 1 6 6
er r, n ,

t c v o rest l 1 09 o er a o en , K B e ll e n d n ld Du tch 2 1 4
e r r, e ,
o ,

H st orD m m gi , 64
44 z on o a a,

,
2 K e y, To n d a, 1 1 3
H u mb u g O igi f th w d 1 6 1,
r n o e or , Kl k e , T he tv a e rn- ke p e er of ; a w itch w fe i .

H u sb d S p lls t k w t h fut u
an , e o no e r e, 1 17 73
Hyp tism x no , Z i g w i z d 59 K li n gso hr , a n ar ar ,
1

K b Wu d h D 1 9 6 na en n er or n e s,

I .

K i f 30 3 i s c y 6 1 n e, 2 -
2 1 n or er ,

I n c an t ati n s F l n ti n e u s e d i n
o n or e , divi i g by K ts In
13
9
, no O ve ,
.
,

c a ds 4 4 r , K ts f h i 9 3 ; k ts i will no o a r, no n o w w -
t igs
I de x li b um pr hi b i t r um 2 4 1
,

n r o o ,

I n di an (Am e r ic an ) t r ad e n am e d R ss A n e c r o ,
K or n m an n , H
C u i s 6
.
, r o a, 1 4
d t e f 1 79
o o , K o u n av i n e , M .
, 4 0, 1 0 7, 2 0 8 , 2 1
5
I ndi an Re d vi e ws of m r ve ls n d s u p
, ,
a a er
K u ss
ra , Dr . F . S, . of V i e n n a, his w or k xis, ,

n at u r l p we r 1 79a o , 6 5. 6 6 . 6 7. 6 9 . 7 3. 142. 14 s . 1 4 8. 1 5 2.
I di s o r Hi d s n t ll f t he e ligi s
n an ,
n oo , o a O r on
24 7 -
24 8
O f B ahm r Bu ddh a 9
r a o ,
K u gl er, H an db u ch G e schic ht e de r Mal e r e i ,

I n n c e n t P p e Bu ll f 2 4 0
o ,
o , o , 2 35
I n t e l ci n g an d s e p e n ti n e p att e r n s i te n de d
r a r n
K u kay a, or igi n o f t he gypsy t ib r e so c ll d
a e ,

t b e wil de n d n e g tive t h e vil e y e 9 8

o r a a e ,
7 I
I n visibl How t b e c me 1 4 8
e, o o ,

I n a t he j d e p e bbl e s f 2 4 9
o ,
a o , L .

I ish E r e A r y n 1 2 3
r , a s ,
a ,
Lad S l v i V u s 1 38
a, a on an en ,
I vi n g W shi n gt n 2 2 6
r , a o ,
L dy
a spi it i t h w ll 1 37
or r n e e ,
I sis U n ve il e d 7 ,

L ki L kshmi 1 0 7
a ,
a ,

I t ali n Witchc aft 1 55 1 56 ; st y f F l r e

a r , ,
or o o n
L M tt F uq u U di s 1 4 6
a o e o n ne
, ,
ti n e witch 1 56 ,
L gu g
an O igi a f 3 4 ; d ie d t
e, th r n o en o e
, ,

li st typ s f m 6
e ar e e o an ,

L t Th F i i s

an ern , 03 e a r e , 2

J d 40
an r a, L rch
a m i e f ml m agici s i n
ro n , or e a e an

J mi P p 6 3
ere a, o e, Hu g y 4 6 n ar ,

J b B
o k f m ,
oo o , oo n - wor ship for bidd en in it , L t u Ch l tt d l
a o r, Symb ls f Fl w s
ar o e e a, o o o er

5 1
( st w ) 3 1
ra ,

J h St w itch s m t E
o n, .
, e ee ve O f S t J hn
. o or L y d Si H A u st e
a ar , 35 r . n, 2

S t G g 1 4 3 kill c ws
. e or e, o , 1 44, 1 4 5 L k M gic vi t u s f 5 3
ee ,
a r e o ,

J s B st ff hym s 4 3
o n on , en, a -
r e , L g ds e f t h B i ds
en by C G L l do e r , . . e an ,

J ul x
o e, 1 54
J ug f w t l uocky t m t a e r, o ee a wo m an c ar r y Leidy D J s ph 50 ,
r . o e , 2

In
g, 1 30 L it D R s u lts f T u i D dist
e ne r, r .
, e o a o r n ar an ,

K shmi & 9 1a r,

c .
,

K .
L l d
e an Ch l s G d f y, th Alg k i n ar e o re e on

K ay, David , m m y e or ,
1 62, 1 7 1 I di s & 5 5
n an , c .
,

K ts 1 66
ea , Le No r man t Magi c , Ch aldai e n n e , 44 6 2 ,

K ll y I d
e e , n o -
Eu r op e an F lk l oo -
re ,

1 14 Le tt u c e, Divi n a ti o n by , 54
26 8 I NDEX .

No s e bl e e di n g c har m 39
-
, ,
61 Pi pe r n us, P , .

De Effe c t ib us Magi c i s ,

6
4 ,
Ny e r up Le xic on on t he
, , Elde r -
t r e e, 2
9 64 . 149

Pi x e y , 202

O . P l ato Me m or y acc or di n g t o x 2 2 0
, , ,

Oa kl y M I n di n sn ak e ch ar m e r s P li n y i n c an tati o n s 54
e r. a 1 3 1 ,
-
, ,

O amcn i mi c ut i sm all me n 1 3 1 P l u n de r i n g o f p e as an ts by gypsi e s 2 1 4 , , 21 5,

, ,

216
d 1 59
O in ,
O li th
an a, S l v ic spi it f w t 3 5
e a on r o a er,
P oe tic al tistic mp t an l w ys t he
d ar co o sr ro n a a

O l f T y gg
o 113
r vase n , res u lt f w k i g t h D m f c u l ty
o a a en n e rea a ,

Om t h wild m
ren, 1 31 e an ,
1 66 its cti sl p w ki g 1 66 a on a ee or a n ,

P c ll p c ll p c l i 1

O ra d C u ib u e ggs w i t h c oss s
r c s, or e r e on
or e an a, or e a, or e a n, 02

P t lis C u l u Symboli qu s

t h m 78e
or a ,
8 o e rs e ,
2
,

O i t l
r en a igi f S l v i n d Hu g i
or n o a on a an n ar an
P ti s R v lti g 1 7
o on , e o n ,
2

F lk l o 1 55-
or e ,
P ovo d V il S l v i w t spi its 6 9
ne e, a o n an a e r -
r ,

O igi
r f witc h m ti gs 1 4
n o 143 -
ee n ,
2,
P oze m Vil Sl v i
ne th pi its 6 9 e. a o n an e ar -
S r ,

O k
r R um i
en, f i i s 67o an an a r e ,
P t i u s J Witch id
ra
e or d Eld
, 30 .
,
-
r e an er,

Ow Miss M y f S t J s ph Miss u i
e n, ar ,
o . o e , o r ,
m l 58 ea 7
,
8 g y psi s 1 76 1 7 7
,
on e , ,

P ctic l Ed u c ti
ra by C G L l d
a a on ,

e an ,
99
. .

P
P r ag P r ag u e c e m e t e r y 30
.

, , ,

P al ace in I t ly l g cl s e d
a on o ,
1 67
P r e dicti on an d P r o ph e cy th e i r o r igi n 1 8 9 , ,

Pa l B sh
e o e, 45 P r e dicti o n , U n c on sci o u s by t he au th o r T wo , ,

Pan usc h, or Pan , 1 30

i st c s f 1 74
n an e o ,

P aph n u ti u s Sr I n c an tati o n s t o
,
.
, , 33 Pr eg cy 1 1 1n an 0 02
, ,

P ar ac e ls u s F ai r y myth ol ogy 6 7
, , Pr i c co li t sh, Pr i c uli c s, 6 2
us 1 5
Par asc hi va, V e n ,
2
P r i e st U n l u cky t o m e e t a 1 2 9
, ,

P tt
a s i P si c p ts m d i t ic t
ern n er an ar e a e n r a e
P r i n c e ss T he a n d b oo ts 1 1 6 ,
, ,

t v t witchc ft d t h vil y 9 8
o a er ra an e e e e,
Pr sc h e mi sc hl, L e
g d f sh s 1 1 5 1 1 6 en O oe , ,

P u l Sr p y
a , g i st s k s 3 8
.
, ra er a a n na e , P p ty T
ro erc v st l 1 9 1 1 0 o re o er o en, 0
, ,

P h
c i spi its f w t
uvas
4,6 4 8 49 ; r o a er , , , an c e s P ph cy d v l p d by u c sci u s cti
ro e e n on o a o n of
e e o
t s f gypsy t ib 7
or O a r e, 0
M m y dD mp w
e 16
or9 1 70 an rea -
o e r, ,

P hu u wi f 59 P hu u I c t ti

c v s t e, c v s, n an a on o,
P ip l it
sc Fl g dd ss 1 5
o n za, ox o e ,
2
61 P u ddi g T h Witch s 56
n e

, ,

P e ac o cks 1 54 Pu h k i t f m f Pl u t o, 2
9
, sc e , a or o

P e e l or P r im r o se witch e s 1 5 5 , Pyth g s a or a 2 20
,
P e kl o Pi kulj k a Lith u an i an god
, , , 2
9
Pe r i an i Pa rj an dr a P e r u n 4 0
, , ,

Pe r si d c s 1 58
an an
Q .

er ,

P u u phu 1 1 7
er r , Qu il a vil s bi d 8 9 t h
,
t he de

r , e Q u ail i n
P t P i d ( W lc o tt ) 1 7
e er n ar o ,
2 G k myth l gy 8 9 9 0
re e o o , ,

P t
e er, S t ( t th ch ) 3 8 . oo a e , Qu ils u s d t c u c ttl 8 7 8 8
a e o re a e, ,

P h k 2 04
oo a, Q u il w d (W cht lk ut ) 9 0
a -
ee a e ra ,

Phy d no M x f i y 20 3
e re e, an a r , Qu t f g s M d 6
a re a e , . e,

P ig mul t 1 0
as an a e , 2 Qu f E gl d H
een M j sty
o n an , er a e t he , 2 4 7,

Pi gwi gg f i y 04
an , a a r , 2 24 8
 I NDEX . 269

Q ge e n , The , e xt ct ra fr o m ,
re al tiv e to witch e s Samov i le , or sa modi vi , 67
gg 7 5 76
an d e s. .
S axon s u pe r stiti n s 1 2 6 o ,

Q u ick ss f p c pti ne o er e on , 1 72 S c p e g t G ypsy 1 5

a oa , ,

Qu i t us S u g lic
n er en s, ar , 1 3 6 S c e n t r e volve 1 39 r,

Sc h f r i k
a a S l awisch e A lt e r t hii me r Sh oe
, ,

R .
l o e l e ge n d 1 1 5
r ,

Ra dic l fu cti a fD mpw t p v t

n on o rea -
o e r, o re en Schl e mihl P e t e r 1 1 6 , ,

im g s f m b i g fo g tte 1 6 9
a e ro e n r o n, Sc h ol man c e ( S al am an c ) 1 2 8
o a ,

R i bow P i ti g t 1 2 8
a n , o n n a ,
Sc hw e n ki My t h de r S l v e n 29 . a

R v n s Th S v
a e , 5 5 2 e e en , 1 , S ci e c e En l r g e d vi e ws i n ix x
n ,
a , ,

R d T B t h p t 165
ea , . .
, e oe , S ciss o s o sh e ar s i n s or c e r y 1 2 8
r r
,

R ligi
e S c y c ll d t h
on

ld ligi
or er a e e o re on S c tch cl e gym n An e cd ot f 1 1 8
o r a , e o ,

i T u sc y xiv
n an , S c o tt W Lady Of t h e Lak e 5 5
,

.
, ,

R ibb R d
on , y ll w 1 1 3 e or e o , S e ve n th so n s an d dau ght e s 4 5 4 6 r , ,

Ric hm d J h B ll 1 9 7 on
,
o n e , S e r pe n t C h ar m gai n st 3 5 38
,
a , ,

Richt e J e P ul 1 8 5
r, an a ,
S e ve t u s b u r n e d by Calvi n 2 39
r , ,

Ri g Ch m w it h
n , 18
ar a, 1 S e v e n Le ag u e Boo ts 1 1 6 ,

R bi
o n d w 1 27
an ren, Sha k e sp e ar e t E hym e s 4 3 s a -
r ,

R m c
o an Li f qu i s 1 8 6
e, e re re , S h m an ism its st st g e
a witchc aft i n a r a , or r

R m o C th lic m gic
an ax cisms i c t o a , e or ,
n an a r u d e fo r m 6 S h am n ic m gic f Tar tar , a a o

ti s &c 1 4 9 1 50 1 5
on , .
, , , 1 o r igi n 8 S h am n ism r e r ly witchc r aft
,
a ,
o a ,

R ts M gic p w
oo , f 1 53a o er o , still t h e pr e val e n t faith f t he l we r or de rs o o

R s
o e, P l u cki g 1 06 n a, i In di a 9 ; w r ship f w t
n , 34 3 5 ( I n o o a er , ,

R sic u ci
o d ct i
r f S pi its 6 7
an o r ne o r , c n t ati n ) 3 5 S h am n ic e x r cisms xiii
a o ,
a o , ,

R th R u d l f
o , Li t t t u u d G schicht d
o ,

er a r n e e es xiv Ch ap III 1 2 4 1 57
, . .
, ,

V d e 54 a,

S h m n T he his r igi n an d i n u e n c e on
a a , ,
o

R um i
o s u p stiti s 1 1 1 5
an an m 5er on ,
2 ,
2 an ,

R w o t an ch m g i t witch s 1 9 7 1 9 8 S h ll y 1 6 6
ree, ar a a ns e , , e e ,

R u l s I f llibl f f t u
e ,
n a t lli g,1 8 1 3 3 S h lls
e, m u l ts d u s d i s c y 1 0 2
or or n e- e n 2, e as a e an as e n or er , ,

Ru i g w t Divi ti by m s f 5 5
nn n a e r,
3 2 33 34 na on e an o , , 2 2, ,
2 :

5 6 S h S t i g m u l t 4 6 47 oe -
r n ,
an a e ,
2 ,
2

Ry t n i t 99
,
ar o n , 1S h l v ch m A 1 1 3 S h l 1 13 oe o e -
ar , ,
oe - or e ,

1 17 symb l f lif 1 1 4 o o e,

S S ights sc t d t st s by t l g ph 1 7 5
.

, en s, an a e e e ra ,

S c m t l b d d wi u s d by w itch s S ilv
a ra en a rea w hit
an bj ct p c 1 1 3 ne e e e r , or a e o e ,
ea e,

f s c y 1 49
or or er , S im d A t y S i ts 1 6 e o n an n on , a n ,
2

S c ic s Hu m 1 4 1 5
a r e , Si i an , St I v c ti , t 36 sn e , .
,
n o a on o,

S c ic s
a r f t h st
e s ults f s u p
on e S iv 52o e r re o er a,

natu r l f 5 a e ar , S k t Et Dict 9 7 ea , . . 1

S g H v G ut k O l f T y gg
a a, er or , Ski dbl d i 7 3a re , o r vaso n s,

a n r,

I 4S Sk g uf S we dish f 67 o sn vaz, aI r I e s,

S i ts d ys d S h m ism 1 6
a n

a an S k u lls f h s s d c ttl u s d f ch a m
a an ,
2 o or e an a e e or r s,

S lt us d i s c y 1 9 s lt d e d d by
a e n or er , a r a e

d vils 1 9
e , S i ls M gic a d F lk l c ct d with na , a n o -
or e on n e e ,

S lv s M gic 0
a e , a ,
2
9 6 97 ; i c t ti t 2 3 ,
n an a on o, 2
2 70 I NDE X .

Some r sau lts T u i n g t be f f m p i s , rn , o re e ro a n T h e od o r e , g bli s i t p i t h Su

a o n a n , e r so n es e n ,

i n t h e b ck 1 2 9 a , c i s w y gi ls 1 6
ar r e a a r , 2

Son g c n d u civ t c u o e o re, 22 Th e l gy 39 2 4 0

o o ,
2 ,

So gs use d i
n c y 98 n so r er , Thi v s S p ll g i st 8 8 8 9
e e , e a a n , ,

Sor c s in H u g y 4 6
e r e sse n ar , T hi t l s g i st w itc hc ft 1 4 7 1 4 8
s e , a a n ra , ,

Spi idsui Spi i du h

r tt d t pi it 1 36
, r s ,
an a en an s r ,
Th u 188
or e a ,

Spir i t f E t h i n T h u d b lts m u l t
'

o 7 ar sa r o n , 2 n er 4 8 o , a e s, 2

Spi i t S t uc k by t c u
r , e c u s d by
r : o re so r a e a T doa d d vi l 53
an ckl c f t d 2e57 , 2 ne a e o oa s,

pi it s bl w b th
s r

21 o or rea ,
2 0 , T doa d milk p il 1 4 8
an -
a ,

Spi it El m e t y t h V il s S ylv
r s, 67
e n ar , e a -
an a, T t h ch S p ll g i st 38 39
oo a e, e a a n , ,

Sp n ge
re
4 0 r, 2 T i lli t h c j u e
o r ce 183 , e on r r,

Su hym s 4 3
-
r e , T w s Witch 4 3 2 4 4
o er , , 2 ,

St an d d ( L d ) F ti shis m f m t h xiii
ar on on , e ro e, , T P l u ggi n g h l i f m gic l p u p s s
r e e, o e n, or a a r o e ,

xi v 1 7
St an k S to y
o, r o f, an d t he Vi l a, 68 Tr e e st i e d t th e e b c h s f l u ck 1 53
ra n o r r an e or ,

St .
7 me s sa

c p c dl xiii ;
G az e t t e o n t he or se an e, Witch s m e t i t h t ps f 1 5 1 53
e e n e o o , 2,

on t he Hi d p i st 9 ; c t v lv
n oo r e ,
s en re o e r, T e sc
r ll B m t h p lk i gi ally
on e a a oe a, e o a or n

1 39 ; on p c ck 1 52ea o s, d c d by witch s 1 59
an e e ,

t dd d
So ar ,
R H . .
,
2
54 T er i a S p ll f t h 6 3
se v c , e o e,

St oke pi t ch T i bu ( N w Y k ) O bse v ti

s c an , 202 r ne 1 72 e or ,
on r a on ,

Stoma h,c P in s i t h 6 a n e, 2 T it
r th Hi d
as, g d 1 0 5 e n oo o ,

Sto s t h w wh
ne c hild is b
ro 1 35 n en a or n , T u hul
r sc ss 52 54 1 5 3 , a ro , , ,

St or y W W C stl St A n g l 26 7 T u c k y C Ll yd D Hyp tism

, . .
, a e, . e , , 2 e ,
d. o ,
r ., no an

St raw S t w l P sych T h p u tics 5 1 6 2

, 3 0 3 1 3 2ra6 -
or e , , , ,
0 o- e ra e , ,

St g S t g 6 3
re a, re e , Tw l fth child K r i k 1 4 5
e , rs n ,

Str ix St igh i S tr gh f m
, r st i g ot , e e, ro r n e r e, o Ty d l x n a e,

st gl 1 3 5
r an e, T y l s gy psi s
ro e e d m u l ts 2 32 33 e an a e , , 2

St upidu t h d u mb g od i
s, o rL ti G m e , n a n, er an

an d S sk it t diti 1 0 4 1 0 5
an r ra on , ,

Sup t u l F i st t f t h mi d t
erna ra , r e
'

or o e n o Un di n s 1 4 6e ,

w ds t h xiii
ar i sti ctiv c tie, f 3 n n e rea on o , Un l ucky d ys i a n Ro um i 1 5 an a, 2

S u p stiti er lli d t ligi xiv p v l t

on a e o re on , re a en Ur m f i i s
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